CN109651733A - 阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109651733A
CN109651733A CN201811623369.2A CN201811623369A CN109651733A CN 109651733 A CN109651733 A CN 109651733A CN 201811623369 A CN201811623369 A CN 201811623369A CN 109651733 A CN109651733 A CN 109651733A
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胡伟
吴磊
张德顺
李汪洋
陈辉
王成爱
孙天龙
范守贵
赵凯
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Anhui Jiayang New Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法，涉及基膜技术领域。本发明由以下质量份的原料组成：PVC树脂80‑100份、EVA 10‑15份、CPE 10‑15份、有机锡稳定剂5‑10份、MBS树脂4‑6份、内润滑剂3‑6份、外润滑剂4‑6份、ACR助剂2‑4份；本发明采用SiO2、纳米氧化铝为原料制备出的铺膜液，能够在印刷基膜上形成合金化层复合结构，显著的提升了印刷基膜的阻燃性能和结构强度，使其对外界的冲击有较强的抵抗力。

Description

阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法
技术领域：
本发明涉及基膜技术领域，具体涉及阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法。
背景技术：
现有技术中，常见的地面装饰材料有瓷砖、木地板或地毯等，其原材料多来自天然，长期过度的开发自然资源，对生态环境造成的影响不可小视；随着人们生活水平的提高，地面装饰材料需求量随之增长，如何既能有效开发和综合利用自然资源，符合节能环保的基本准则，又能使地面装饰材料美观大方、经济实用、满足人们的不同使用目的并具有一定的舒适性，采用复合、合成等方式生产地面装饰材料已是大势所趋。
PVC地板是当今世界上非常流行的一种新型轻体地面装饰材料，是一种在欧美及亚洲的日韩广受欢迎的产品，风靡国外，从80年代初开始进入中国市场，至今在国内的大中城市已经得到普遍的认可，使用非常广泛，可以运用在各种场所如家庭、医院、办公楼、工厂、超市等。
PVC地板是指采用聚氯乙烯材料生产的地板，以聚氯乙烯及其共聚树脂为主要原料，加入填料、增塑剂、稳定剂、着色剂等辅料，在片状连续基材上，经涂敷工艺或经压延、挤出或挤压工艺生产而成，PVC地板及其衍生地板已经越来越受到广大消费者的喜爱，使用也越来越广泛，但目前的PVC地板仍会存在些许问题，安装不够简单方便，稳固性不够，且不耐高温，阻燃性差，使用寿命短等缺陷。
PVC地板最关键的组成部分就是表层复合的地板膜，其起到表面装饰、耐磨、耐候性、耐腐蚀等作用，对地板膜的使用寿命有着重要的影响。目前国内对地板膜技术还没有展开相关研发，处于技术空白状态。鉴于此，目前公司加大力度对地板膜关键制备技术展开技术攻关，着重对配方进行开发。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种阻燃性好、结构强度高、耐冲击的印刷基膜的制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
一种阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将PVC树脂80-100份、EVA 10-15份、CPE 10-15份、有机锡稳定剂5-10份、MBS树脂4-6份、内润滑剂3-6份、外润滑剂4-6份、ACR助剂2-4份，放入混合机中混合；
(2)进行密炼、压延、冷却、入库养生12小时，形成印刷基膜；
(3)在印刷基膜上进行铺膜，然后在硫化机中进行烧制，制得半成品；
(4)将半成品养生12小时；
(5)检验、分切、收卷、包装。
进一步，所述步骤(3)中进行铺膜的铺膜液的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)柔性石墨的改性：将柔性石墨加入到去离子水中，搅拌均匀后，加入硅烷偶联剂和链增长剂，加热至回流状态保温搅拌0.5-2h，趁热过滤，所得固体用去离子水洗去杂质，100-110℃干燥至恒重，然后将其密封静置于-3-0℃，20-25℃、3-5℃，每次静置的时间均为30-50min；
(2)复合液的制备：将纳米SiO2和纳米氢氧化铝粉体加入到无水乙醇中，超声分散30-50min，即可；
(3)混合：将步骤(1)中改性后的柔性石墨加入到复合液中，超声分散0.5-1.5h，即得到铺膜液。
所述柔性石墨、硅烷偶联剂、链增长剂的质量比为3-5：0.3-0.5：0.02-0.04。
所述纳米SiO2、纳米氢氧化铝粉体、无水乙醇的质量比为10-15：6-10：60-80。
进一步，所述纳米氢氧化铝粉体的浓度为1-8g/L，粒径为70-120nm。
所述PVC树脂的聚合度为1000-1300。
进一步，所述内润滑剂选自石蜡、硬脂酸、矿物油中的一种。
进一步，所述外润滑剂选自聚乙烯蜡、低分子量聚丙烯中的一种。
采用有机锡稳定剂，提高产品在加工的稳定性和热稳定时间；MBS树脂作为添加剂，大大提高产品的力学性能；ACR助剂，提高产品加工适应性；内润滑剂，减小加工过程中分子之间的摩擦；外润滑剂，减小加工过程中PVC树脂与设备之间的摩擦，提高脱模性能。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明采用SiO2、纳米氧化铝为原料制备出的铺膜液，能够在印刷基膜上形成合金化层复合结构，显著的提升了印刷基膜的阻燃性能和结构强度，使其对外界的冲击有较强的抵抗力；
(2)硅烷偶联剂在链增长剂的作用下，发生自身间的偶合，吸附在柔性石墨的小孔中，从而对柔性石墨进行改性，使得膜层能牢固的吸附在印刷基膜和粘结材料上，不会脱落和开裂，进一步增强了地板的耐热性和物理性能。
具体实施方式：
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备：
(1)将PVC树脂80份、EVA 10份、CPE 10份、有机锡稳定剂5份、MBS树脂6份、硬脂酸6份、聚乙烯蜡2份、ACR助剂2份，放入混合机中混合；
(2)进行密炼、压延、冷却、入库养生12小时，形成印刷基膜；
(3)在印刷基膜上进行铺膜，然后在硫化机中进行烧制，制得半成品；
(4)将半成品养生12小时；
(5)检验、分切、收卷、包装。
铺膜液的制备：
(1)柔性石墨的改性：将4份柔性石墨加入到去离子水中，搅拌均匀后，加入0.3份硅烷偶联剂KH550和0.02份三羟甲基丙烷，加热至回流状态保温搅拌1h，趁热过滤，所得固体用去离子水洗去杂质，100-110℃干燥至恒重，然后将其密封静置于-3℃，22℃、3℃，每次静置的时间均为30min；
(2)复合液的制备：将12份纳米SiO2和8份纳米氢氧化铝粉体加入到70份无水乙醇中，超声分散40min，即可；
(3)混合：将步骤(1)中改性后的柔性石墨加入到复合液中，超声分散1h，即得到铺膜液。
实施例2
阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备：
(1)将PVC树脂80份、EVA 10份、CPE 10份、有机锡稳定剂5份、MBS树脂6份、硬脂酸6份、聚乙烯蜡2份、ACR助剂2份，放入混合机中混合；
(2)进行密炼、压延、冷却、入库养生12小时，形成印刷基膜；
(3)在印刷基膜上进行铺膜，然后在硫化机中进行烧制，制得半成品；
(4)将半成品养生12小时；
(5)检验、分切、收卷、包装。
铺膜液的制备：
(1)柔性石墨的改性：将4份柔性石墨加入到去离子水中，搅拌均匀后，加入0.3份硅烷偶联剂KH550和0.02份三羟甲基丙烷，加热至回流状态保温搅拌1h，趁热过滤，所得固体用去离子水洗去杂质，100-110℃干燥至恒重，然后将其密封静置于-3℃，22℃、3℃，每次静置的时间均为30min；
(2)复合液的制备：将12份纳米SiO2和8份纳米氢氧化铝粉体加入到70份无水乙醇中，超声分散40min，即可；
(3)混合：将步骤(1)中改性后的柔性石墨加入到复合液中，超声分散1h，即得到铺膜液。
对照例1
阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备：
(1)将PVC树脂80份、EVA 10份、CPE 10份、有机锡稳定剂5份、MBS树脂6份、硬脂酸6份、聚乙烯蜡2份、ACR助剂2份，放入混合机中混合；
(2)进行密炼、压延、冷却、入库养生12小时，形成印刷基膜；
(3)在印刷基膜上进行铺膜，然后在硫化机中进行烧制，制得半成品；
(4)将半成品养生12小时；
(5)检验、分切、收卷、包装。
铺膜液的制备：
(1)复合液的制备：将12份纳米SiO2和8份纳米氢氧化铝粉体加入到70份无水乙醇中，超声分散40min，即可；
(2)混合：将4份柔性石墨加入到复合液中，超声分散1h，即得到铺膜液。
对照例2
阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备：
(1)将PVC树脂80份、EVA 10份、CPE 10份、有机锡稳定剂5份、MBS树脂6份、硬脂酸6份、聚乙烯蜡2份、ACR助剂2份，放入混合机中混合；
(2)进行密炼、压延、冷却、入库养生12小时，形成印刷基膜；
(3)在印刷基膜上进行铺膜，然后在硫化机中进行烧制，制得半成品；
(4)将半成品养生12小时；
(5)检验、分切、收卷、包装。
利用实施例1-2、对照例1-2进行印刷基膜的制备，并将其印刷到PVC地板上，进行性能检测，结果如表1所示。
表1印刷基膜的性能测试
测试项目 弯曲强度(MPa) 冲击强度(KJ/m<sup>2</sup>) 氧指数(％)
实施例1 99 109 34
实施例2 101 110 33
对照例1 89 90 25
对照例2 81 78 21
测试方法：弯曲强度ASTM D790；冲击强度ISO 179-2000(E)；氧指数是指在规定的实验条件下、在室温下材料在O2、N2混合气体中刚好维持发焰燃烧时的最小氧浓度，以体积的百分率表示，氧指数越高其阻燃性能越高好。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

1.阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将PVC树脂80-100份、EVA 10-15份、CPE 10-15份、有机锡稳定剂5-10份、MBS树脂4-6份、内润滑剂3-6份、外润滑剂4-6份、ACR助剂2-4份，放入混合机中混合；
(2)进行密炼、压延、冷却、入库养生12小时，形成印刷基膜；
(3)在印刷基膜上进行铺膜，然后在硫化机中进行烧制，制得半成品；
(4)将半成品养生12小时；
(5)检验、分切、收卷、包装。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述铺膜液的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)柔性石墨的改性：将柔性石墨加入到去离子水中，搅拌均匀后，加入硅烷偶联剂和链增长剂，加热至回流状态保温搅拌0.5-2h，趁热过滤，所得固体用去离子水洗去杂质，100-110℃干燥至恒重，然后将其密封静置于-3-0℃，20-25℃、3-5℃，每次静置的时间均为30-50min；
(2)复合液的制备：将纳米SiO2和纳米氢氧化铝粉体加入到无水乙醇中，超声分散30-50min，即可；
(3)混合：将步骤(1)中改性后的柔性石墨加入到复合液中，超声分散0.5-1.5h，即得到铺膜液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述柔性石墨、硅烷偶联剂、链增长剂的质量比为3-5：0.3-0.5：0.02-0.04。
4.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃、抗冲击印刷基膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纳米SiO2、纳米氢氧化铝粉体、无水乙醇的质量比为10-15：6-10：60-80。
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