CN109650957A - A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss - Google Patents
A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109650957A CN109650957A CN201910052696.5A CN201910052696A CN109650957A CN 109650957 A CN109650957 A CN 109650957A CN 201910052696 A CN201910052696 A CN 201910052696A CN 109650957 A CN109650957 A CN 109650957A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- compost
- superhigh temperature
- nitrogen gas
- reducing nitrogen
- composting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of compost method for reducing nitrogen gas loss, feces of livestock and poultry moisture content is adjusted to 55~60% with conditioner first, then the material mixed is heated, it is set to rise to 90~95 DEG C in 1~2h, 1~2h of superhigh temperature is continued to complete to pre-process, period is stirred oxygen supply to material by high pressure blower；Continue subsequent conventional compostation after pretreatment, compost maturity cycle time 20 days or so, total nitrogen loss reduced 50% or so；The quick composting of feces of livestock and poultry not only may be implemented in compost method of the present invention, and effectively reduces the discharge amount of ammonia and nitrous oxide in composting process；It not only contributes to solve the problems, such as ecological environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emission, while quality of compost products and composting efficiency can also be improved；This method has the features such as easy to operate, quick, environmental-friendly and is conducive to large-scale use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection, and in particular to a kind of to reduce the super of compost total nitrogen loss and nitrogen gas loss
High temperature pre-processes compost method.
Background technique
China is feces of livestock and poultry big producer, is counted according to Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection " national environmental statistics annual report ", China's poultry in 2015
It about 6.2 hundred million tons of excrement, causes such as land occupation, pollution atmosphere, soil and underground water, the serious environment that spreads the disease and asks
Topic, brings huge pressure to China's ecological environment and human health.
Composting is a kind of to realize feces of livestock and poultry minimizing, innoxious, recycling effective means.Relative to filling, burn
Burn etc. processing modes, compost can not only remove stink, noxious material and pathogen, compost product is manured into soil, moreover it is possible to promoted with
Improve soil texture, increases the geochemical process and soil fertility level of crop nutrient.Although compost is in processing livestock and poultry
There are many advantages during excrement, but traditional aerobic compost generally faces that decomposed period is long, compost quality is low and nitrogen loss is tight
The technical problems such as again.According to statistics, the nitrogen loss of aerobic compost is up to 77%, and wherein nitrogen loss caused by ammonia volatilization is reachable
43%-71%, N2O discharge accounts for 10% of nitrogen loss or so (Liang Y, Leonard JJ, Feddes JJR, McGill
WB.Influence of carbon and buffer amendment on ammonia volatilization in
composting.Bioresource Technology,2006,97:748-761.)。
Ammonia belongs to toxic gas, is listed in the primary odorant pollutant of compost.Studies have shown that in a large amount of NH3Existing item
Under part, SO2It can be sharply increased with the NOx speed for forming PM2.5, there is important contribution to the formation of haze.N2It is big that O belongs to three
One of greenhouse gases participate in photochemical reaction and destroy ozone layer, and heating potentiality is CO2298 times.Therefore, compost is reduced
The discharge of process ammonia and nitrous oxide not only can effectively solve the problems, such as the environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emission of organic matter；And
The nitrogen content for improving composting production can improve soil texture, increase soil fertility, promote the growth of crop, meet Modern Agriculture
The sustainable development direction of industry.
Chemical addition agent is mainly concerned with for reducing the research of nitrous oxide and ammonia emission in composting process both at home and abroad
Method, physisorphtion and microbial bacterial agent additive process.Chinese patent CN101613223A discloses a kind of reduction composting process ammonia
The composting preparation method of gas discharge, this method is under the action of additive calcium superphosphate, using the mixing of chicken manure and corn stover
Object is as composting material, and the calcium superphosphate of addition 1.5% is compared to control group at compost the 5th day and the 10th day in composting material
Ammonia burst size only reduces 16% and 34.6% respectively.Chinese patent CN103073341A is using biomass carbon come adsorption and oxidation
Sub- nitrogen, effect is general, and not can be reduced the loss of nitrogen in product.Chinese patent CN107721469A is disclosed including producing
Protein Candida, bacillus subtilis, bacillus stearothermophilus composite bacteria agent, for reducing Composting of Chicken Manure ammonia
Discharge, ammonia emission amount reduce 53.1%.108440035 A of Chinese patent CN is disclosed including thermus thermophilus, thermophilic fire
Liquid bacterium, Bacillus thermantarcticus composite bacteria agent, for reducing the ammonia of organic solid waste compost process
And N2O emission reduction.The discharge amount of its average daily nitrous oxide and ammonia has dropped 72% and 52% or so respectively.
Although the above composite bacteria agent is for ammonia and N2O emission reduction has certain effect, but the compound bacteria type being directed to compared with
More and pre-processing work is many and diverse.Secondly also by the adjustment to composting process parameter, C/N ratio, pH value, oxygen supply side are such as adjusted
Formula, turning number, overlay film and composting mode etc. reduce greenhouse gases and ammonia emission.Although these measures are for reducing compost nitrogen
The loss of plain gaseous volatilization has a certain effect, but there are the problem of have: physical absorbent adsorption capacity difference is larger, and most right
The ammonia of generation is absorbed, and does not play the effect of N immobilization, unstable so as to cause adsorption effect；Chemical addition agent is easily led
Cause secondary pollution；It is limited to the emission reduction effect of ammonia to change compost carbon-nitrogen ratio, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is excessively high to suppress growth of microorganism, drops
Low organic matter decomposition rate, to extend the time of compost fermentation, the promotion effect in production is poor.In addition, addition absorption
There are the type of additive, additive amounts not to seek unity of standard for agent or inoculating microbe, and screening and culture function strain it is difficult, suitable
The defects of answering property is not wide.
Superhigh temperature pretreatment compost is a kind of new method for promoting livestock excrement composting quick composting, i.e., feces of livestock and poultry is through super
Conventional compostation is carried out after (80-100 DEG C) of high temperature pretreatment.After Japanese researchers have found that superhigh temperature pretreatment compost can be substantially speeded up
The humification process of continuous composting process, reduces compost stench exhaust emissions.Chinese patent CN107162656A discloses a breeding stock
Poultry manure superhigh temperature compost method, by material add organic materials decomposing microbial inoculum (red thermophilic salt bacterium, thermus thermophilus,
Thermophilic urea bacillus, native bacillus and thermophilic denitrifying bacillocin Mixed Microbes)；Then the material mixed is heated, it is made
80~85 DEG C are risen in 1~2h, continue to superhigh temperature 16~for 24 hours to complete compost fermentation；But this method still needs to be added
Decomposing microbial inoculum, pre-processing work is excessively many and diverse, time-consuming and higher cost for pretreatment.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art, the primary purpose of the present invention is that providing a kind of reduction nitrogen gas
The superhigh temperature of loss pre-processes compost method, and this method can not only effectively reduce the nitrous oxide and ammonia generated in composting process
Gas reduces nitrogen loss rate, improves the total nitrogen content of compost material；It is obviously shortened decomposed period simultaneously.The present invention is such reality
Existing:
A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss, the specific steps of which are as follows:
1) after feces of livestock and poultry and conditioner being mixed to form mixture, moisture content is adjusted to 50~60%, obtains proferment
Material；
2) it is transferred in the fermentation cabin for being aided with the temperature-controllable of external heating device, is passed through using the fermentation raw material that step 1) obtains
High pressure blower is aerated to material or is stirred oxygen supply, is supplied oxygen during pretreatment to the mode that material is stirred, stirring rate
Preferably 20~40 revs/min.90~95 DEG C are warming up within half an hour to fermentation raw material, continue at this temperature pretreatment 2~
6h, that is, the superhigh temperature pretreatment compost completed, obtains superhigh temperature and pre-processes composting production.
3) the superhigh temperature pretreatment composting production of acquisition is transferred to the aerobic compost that fermenting case carries out conventional 60 days；
Above-mentioned conventional compostation method is referred to document Huang, Y., Li, D., Wang, L., Yong, C., Sun, E.,
Jin,H.,Huang,H.,Decreased enzyme activities,ammonification rate and
ammonifiers contribute to higher nitrogen retention in hyperthermophilic
Method disclosed in pretreatment composting, Bioresource Technology (2019), 272:521-528,
Or use other this field routine aerobic compost methods；
Wherein, in the fermentation raw material, mass percent shared by feces of livestock and poultry is 50~65%, and surplus is conditioner, with
The C/N ratio for reaching starting material is 25.
The general optimum C/N of compost is than range in 25-35, and the excessively high then microorganism growth process nitrogen of C/N value is insufficient, meeting
Cause " nitrogen hunger ", microorganism cannot normally breed, and influence the quick progress of composting process；The too low then carbon of C/N value is insufficient, and
Excessive nitrogen cannot be used for microbial cell synthesis, comprehensively consider, selecting the C/N ratio of starting material is 25；
Further, in the superhigh temperature organic fertilizer preparation method of the present invention using feces of livestock and poultry, the step 1) poultry
Poultry manure is one of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, duck excrement, goose excrement, sheep dung or a variety of.
Further, in the superhigh temperature organic fertilizer preparation method of the present invention using feces of livestock and poultry, the step 1) tune
Reason agent is the one or more of plant straw powder, rice chaff, rice husk, mushroom slag, bark.
Further, in the superhigh temperature organic fertilizer preparation method of the present invention using feces of livestock and poultry, the step 1) tune
The partial size for managing agent is 1-5mm.
Further, composting mode of the present invention is using the additional turning processing of intermittent ventilation.
It further, further include that turning processing is carried out to compost in composting process.Turning mode is preceding surrounding turning one weekly
Secondary, turning is primary every two weeks for rear surrounding.
In the present invention, technical term " superhigh temperature pretreatment ", which refers to, carries out superhigh temperature pretreatment, temperature model to fermentation raw material
Enclose is 90~95 DEG C.Heating method passes through one of oil bath, water-bath or electric heating or a variety of.
The temperature that the present invention makes compost pretreatment reach 90 DEG C or more is not limited to above-mentioned three kinds, other can be such that compost temperature reaches
It is within the scope of the present invention to 90 DEG C or more of modes.
The present invention is rested on a scientific basis using a kind of compost method for being pre-processed reduction nitrogen gas loss based on superhigh temperature
Principle is: on the one hand the complicated carbonaceous organic material such as protein is hydrolyzed to amino acid by superhigh temperature pretreatment, be further degraded to
Low molecular weight organic acid reduces the pH value of subsequent compost material, advantageously reduces subsequent compost ammonia volatilization；Another aspect superelevation
Temperature pretreatment makes a large amount of mesophilic microorganism dormancies or death, therefore in subsequent compost different times, participates in organic nitrogen mineralization process
Key microorganisms-amonifying bacteria (Bacillus, Pseudomonas) and ammonification fungi (Acremonium, Alternaria,
Penicillium activity and enzymatic activity (urase and protease)) is suppressed, this inhibits organic nitrogen to a certain extent
Mineralising is the process of ammonia, and ammonium nitrogen content is caused to decline.This further reduces NH3Volatilization and N2The discharge of O.Skill of the present invention
Art is remarkably improved organic fertilizer nitrogen content, after organic fertilizer applies farmland, helps to increase crop nitrogen content；Shorten decomposed week
Phase improves composting efficiency；NH3And N2The discharge of O gas substantially reduces, and helps to control water and soil pollution, GHG emissions mitigation and protection
Human health.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
1) the method for the present invention carries out mixed material to continue conventional compostation, decomposed time after superhigh temperature pre-processes 2-6 hours
Shorten 20 days or so than Traditional compost, reduces nitrogen loss 50% or so, effectively improve the nitrogen of composting efficiency and composting production
Content is significantly higher than the increased percentage of total nitrogen content in CN107162656A (4%)；
The technology of the present invention is related to carrying out superhigh temperature pretreatment to fermentation raw material.Compared with Traditional compost method, it greatly improved
The rotten degree of material shortens the decomposed time, saves manpower and material resources, significantly improving composting efficiency and the product of composting production
Matter has environmental-friendly feature, can large-scale use.
2) test operation is simple and reproducible
The technology of the present invention pertains only to " pretreatment of fermentation raw material superhigh temperature " this step, easy to operate and reproducible,
Avoid the preparation of complexity microbial inoculant object, test required for the method for adding adsorbent or inoculating microbe in Traditional compost
The operation such as device installation and debugging and condition of culture stability maintenance.It is carried out with pig manure and different conditioners (rice straw powder, rice chaff)
After superhigh temperature pre-processes compost, total nitrogen content improves 50% or so compared to control as the result is shown.
3) highly reliable and wide adaptation range
The technology of the present invention is superhigh temperature pretreatment, and experimental condition is easy to standardize, and overcomes Traditional compost addition adsorbent
Or the type of additive existing for the method for inoculating microbe, additive amount are not sought unity of standard, and screening and culture function bacterium
The defects of kind is difficult, adaptability is not wide.Simultaneously as superhigh temperature, which can significantly inhibit, participates in the crucial micro- of compost organic nitrogen mineralization process
Bioactivity and enzymatic activity determine that the inventive technique is applicable in nearly all feces of livestock and poultry and organic solid castoff, and
It is highly reliable.
The superhigh temperature pretreatment composting production obtained by means of the present invention, can not only rapidly and efficiently solve feces of livestock and poultry
With agricultural wastes pollution on the environment, and can effectively shorten subsequent compost decomposed period, improve windrow total nitrogen
Content reduces ammonia and N2The discharge of O, especially N2The discharge of O is conducive to the protection of ecological environment.
Although the application consumes certain cost in such a way that superhigh temperature pre-processes compost, (cost for heating raw material per ton is
30 yuan), but bring profit such as decomposed period shortens, and compost terminates in advance, and can use manpower and material resources sparingly cost；Effectively reduce ammonia
With the discharge amount of nitrous oxide, the total nitrogen content that can also be improved in organic fertilizer of preserving the ecological environment is not only contributed to, it is brought
Huge social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit are considerably beyond its cost consumption.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 superhigh temperature pre-processes the ammonification rate testing result of compost (HPC) and conventional compostation (TC) processing；
Fig. 2 superhigh temperature pre-processes the ammonium nitrogen content of compost (HPC) and conventional compostation (TC) processing；
Fig. 3 superhigh temperature pre-processes the protease content of compost (HPC) and conventional compostation (TC) processing；
Fig. 4 superhigh temperature pre-processes the urease content of compost (HPC) and conventional compostation (TC) processing；
Fig. 5 superhigh temperature pre-processes compost (HPC) and the ammonia concentration of conventional compostation (TC) processing changes schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Enumerate embodiment further below with the present invention will be described in detail.It will similarly be understood that following embodiment is served only for this
Invention is further described, and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art are according to the present invention
Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that the principle of elaboration is made all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.Following specific works of example
Skill parameter etc. is also only an example in OK range, i.e. those skilled in the art can do suitable model by the explanation of this paper
Interior selection is enclosed, and does not really want to be defined in hereafter exemplary specific data.
Embodiment 1
A kind of compost method (experimental group) reducing nitrogen gas loss, includes the following steps:
1) by moisture content be 75% fresh pig manure, moisture content be 9% rice straw powder (being crushed to 80 mesh) and water by quality
Than mixing for 6:1:3, the moisture content of the mixed material obtained after mixing is that 60% or so, C/N ratio is 25, is uniformly mixed, and is obtained
Fermentation raw material；
2) gained fermentation raw material in step 1) is transferred in composting device, the temperature of fermentation raw material is risen to 90 in half an hour
DEG C, and maintain 4h within this temperature range (in concrete practice, can according to circumstances ferment 2-6h)；
The mode that material is stirred is supplied oxygen during pretreatment, stirring rate is 25 revs/min；Pretreatment terminates material
It is spread out from compost reactor taking-up, is cooled to room temperature naturally to material, obtains experimental group pig manure product.
3) additional using intermittent ventilation by experimental group pig manure transferred product into fermenting case after pre-processing
Turning handles compost 60 days (period timing sampling carries out the measurement of pakchoi percentage of seedgermination).Draft type is specially to be spaced 6h,
It is aerated 6h, turning mode is that turning is primary weekly for preceding surrounding, and turning is primary every two weeks for rear surrounding.
Simultaneously to pre-process without superhigh temperature as reference examples, reference examples material composition, processing mode are all the same, i.e., will
The rice straw powder and water that 75% fresh pig manure, moisture content are 9% be in mass ratio 6:1:3 after mixing, be transferred to fermenting case
In, compost 60 days, composting mode was same as above experimental group.
In the present embodiment, composting device (fermenting case) see (Huang, Y., Li, D., Wang, L., Yong, C., Sun, E.,
Jin,H.,Huang,H.,Decreased enzyme activities,ammonification rate and
ammonifiers contribute to higher nitrogen retention in hyperthermophilic
Pretreatment composting, Bioresource Technology (2019), 272:521-528): it is made of PVC,
Generally barrel-like structure, specification are base diameter 72cm, high 92cm, wall thickness 2.5mm.The sponge of outside 10cm thickness winds, and uses
In heat preservation.Bucket wall is equipped with aerator away from aperture at the 10cm of bucket bottom.Bucket is provided with the supporters such as brick, away from putting at the 10cm of bucket bottom
The wire netting for setting 80 mesh of partial size is placed for material and bottom aeration.
The fundamental property of the present embodiment composting material see the table below 1:
Table 1
Above-mentioned material water ratio, total organic carbon, total nitrogen content, temperature and pH measurement reference literature: Huang, Y., Li,
D.,Wang,L.,Yong,C.,Sun,E.,Jin,H.,Huang,H.,Decreased enzyme activities,
ammonification rate and ammonifiers contribute to higher nitrogen retention
in hyperthermophilic pretreatment composting,Bioresource Technology(2019),
Measuring method disclosed in 272:521-528..
The measuring method of pakchoi percentage of seedgermination are as follows: take the fresh sample of 5g (compost product), add water 50ml extraction 30min in room
The lower 200r/min of temperature vibrates 30min, is filtered with qualitative filter paper, filtrate is used for the measurement of percentage of seedgermination.In sterilized culture
2-3 filter paper of pad, are added compost extracting solution 3ml in ware, using deionized water as control, are uniformly put into 20 pakchoi seeds,
Seed requires full seed, uniform in size consistent.30 DEG C of cultures measure germination percentage afterwards for 24 hours.
Testing result:
1, the total nitrogen content of superhigh temperature pretreatment front and back and compost starting and ending is averaged, embodiment 1 and comparative example
The total nitrogen loss of compost is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
From table 2 it can be seen that experimental group composting production total nitrogen loss rate is 15.7,45.4% is reduced than reference examples, it can
See, experimental group significantly improves the total nitrogen content of composting production, reduces total nitrogen loss rate.
2, seed germination index changes with time
Above-mentioned steps 3) in composting process every the seed germination index of 20 days test experiments groups and reference examples compost, little Bai
Dish seed germination index is averaged, and the results are shown in Table 3:
Table 3
The overall raised trend after being in first reduction of the germination percentage index (GI value) of experimental group and reference examples, compost the 40th day
Afterwards, the GI value of experimental group reaches 80% or more.And the GI value of reference examples is lower than 60%；Compost the 60th day, control group just reached
80%.Compost generally with seed germination index reach 80% regard as it is decomposed.Illustrate that the pretreatment of experimental group superhigh temperature significantly improves
The rotten degree of subsequent composting production, shortens decomposed period.
3, compost temperature changes with time
Above-mentioned steps 3) in composting process every the temperature of certain number of days test experiments group and reference examples compost, take 6 every time
It is averaged after the temperature of a different zones test compost, as a result see the table below 4.
Table 4
As shown in Table 4: the temperature of control group and reference examples changes over time the trend that from low to high is presented, but experimental group
Temperature be apparently higher than comparative example early period in compost, and at first 18 days, the temperature of experimental group after 60 DEG C or more, the 30th day its
The reason of temperature is begun to decline is that compost nearly terminates, and when compost was to 40 days, temperature is restored to room temperature, shows that compost terminates,
It can be seen that the pretreatment of experimental group superhigh temperature can significantly improve the temperature of compost hot stage, substantially speeding up reduces the compost later period
Temperature, accelerate decomposed progress.
4, compost pH changes with time
Respectively in above-mentioned steps 3) compost of the 0th day, 20 days, 40 days of compost and 60 days test experiments groups and reference examples
PH is averaged after taking the pH of 6 different zones test compost every time, as a result see the table below 5.
Table 5
As shown in Table 5: when compost was to the 20th day, pH steeply rises to 8.6 reference examples, and experimental group is then relatively flat
It is slow, about 8.0, reference examples maintain essentially in 8.8~9.0 in the 40th day to the 60th day or so its pH, and experimental group is then always
Lower than comparative example, this illustrates that the pretreatment of experimental group superhigh temperature can help to reduce the pH of compost.
5, the discharge amount and accumulation discharge amount of average daily nitrous oxide and ammonia
In above-mentioned steps 3) compost first three weeks every the nitrous oxide and ammonia of 1 day test experiments group and comparative example row
It puts, the discharge amount of the compost last three weeks nitrous oxides and ammonia every 2 days test experiments groups and reference examples is received using static chamber
Collect composting process N2O, with Agilent GC6890 gas chromatograph for determination N2The discharge amount of O；Using 2% sulfuric acid solution to ammonia into
Row absorbs, and using the discharge amount of reagent colorimetric method GB/T 14668-93 measurement ammonia, takes its average value to record, as a result sees
The following table 6.
Table 6
As shown in Table 6: the discharge amount of the daily average oxidation Asia nitrogen of experimental group is 0.74mg/kgd, compost 60 days tired
Product discharge amount is 44.9mg/kg, and reference examples are 2.22 μm of ol/kgd, and compost 60 days accumulation discharge amounts are 133.3mg/
Kg, it can be seen that: embodiment 1 be averaged daily nitrous oxide discharge amount and accumulation discharge amount had dropped relative to comparative example
66.3-66.6%；The discharge amount of the daily average ammonia of embodiment 1 is 23.2mg/kgd, and accumulation discharge amount is 1395mg/
Kg, and reference examples be averaged daily ammonia discharge amount be 39.9mg/kgd, accumulation discharge amount be 2386mg/kg, experimental group put down
The discharge amount and accumulation discharge amount of daily ammonia have dropped 41.5-41.8% relative to reference examples；This illustrates the heap of experimental group
Fertile mode can significantly reduce the discharge amount of nitrous oxide and ammonia.
6, ammonification rate and ammonium nitrogen content detection
In above-mentioned steps 3) in composting treatment process, test experience group superhigh temperature pretreatment compost (HPC) and compare respectively
The ammonification rate and ammonium nitrogen content that example conventional compostation (TC) is handled, result difference are as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.Fig. 1 and 2 shows
In composting process, the content significant (p < 0.05) of ammonification rate and ammonium nitrogen that superhigh temperature pre-processes compost (HPC) is less than normal
It advises compost (TC), illustrates material after superhigh temperature pre-processes, organic matter mineralization is that the process of ammonium nitrogen is suppressed, to lead
Conventional compostation will be lower than by causing the content of the ammonium nitrogen of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost.
Above-mentioned ammonification rate detection method referring to 0 document " Kandeler, E., 1996b.In:Schinner, F.,
Ohlinger,
R.,Kandeler,E.,Margesin,R.(Eds.),Methods in Soil Biology.Springer-
Verlag,
Method disclosed in Heidelberg, New York, pp.168-170. ".
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrogen detection method of content referring to document " Huang, Y., Xiao, X., Huang.H.Y., Jing.J.Q.,
Zhao,H.J.,Wang,L.,Long,X.E.,2018.Contrasting beneficial and pathogenic
microbial communities across consecutive cropping fields of greenhouse straw
Berry.Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol.102,5717-5729. method disclosed in ".
7, protease, urease content and ammonia concentration detection
In above-mentioned steps 3) in composting treatment process, test experience group superhigh temperature pretreatment compost (HPC) and compare respectively
Protease content, urease content and the ammonia concentration content that example conventional compostation (TC) is handled, testing result such as Fig. 3-5 institute
Show.Fig. 3 and 4 shows in composting process, superhigh temperature pre-process compost (HPC) protease and urase activity it is significant (p <
0.05) it is less than conventional compostation (TC), illustrates material after superhigh temperature pre-processes, the albumen to play a crucial role in mineralization
The activity of enzyme and urase is suppressed, and organic matter mineralization is the declines of ammonium nitrogen, reduces the source of Ammonia valatilization, thus
Reduce ammonia concentration (Fig. 5).
Above-mentioned albumen enzyme assay method is referring to document " Ladd, J.N., Butler, J.H.A., 1972.Short-term
assay of soil proteolytic enzyme activities using proteins and dipeptide
Method disclosed in derivatives as substrates.Soil Biol.Biochem.4,19-39. ".
Above-mentioned urase detection method referring to document " Kandeler, E., 1996b.In:Schinner, F., Ohlinger,
R.,Kandeler,E.,Margesin,R.(Eds.),Methods in Soil Biology.Springer-Verlag,
Method disclosed in Heidelberg, New York, pp.168-170. ".
In addition, experiment display, superhigh temperature pre-processes the bacterium of compost (HPC) processing and the species abundance of fungi level
It is significantly higher than and conventional compostation (TC).
Embodiment 2
A kind of compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss, includes the following steps:
1) by moisture content be 80% fresh pig manure, moisture content be 10% rice chaff and water be in mass ratio 7:2:4 mix
Uniformly, it is 25 that the initial aqueous rate of mixed material, which is 60% or so, C/N ratio, at this time, is uniformly mixed, and fermentation raw material is obtained；
2) gained fermentation raw material in step 1) is transferred in composting device (with embodiment 1), by fermentation raw material in half an hour
Temperature rise to 95 DEG C, and within this temperature range respectively continue ferment 2h and 6h；
The mode that material is stirred is supplied oxygen during pretreatment, stirring rate is preferably 25 revs/min.
Pretreatment terminates from compost reactor taking-up to spread material out, is cooled to room temperature naturally to material, obtains experimental group
Pig manure product.It is then transferred in fermenting case, is handled compost 60 days using the additional turning of intermittent ventilation.Draft type tool
Body is interval 6h, is aerated 6h, and turning mode is that turning is primary weekly for preceding surrounding, and turning is primary every two weeks for rear surrounding.
Simultaneously to be control without superhigh temperature pretreatment, control group material composition, processing mode are identical as experimental group.
Fermenting case is the same as embodiment 1.
The total nitrogen content of superhigh temperature pretreatment front and back and compost starting and ending is averaged, embodiment 2 and comparative example heap
The total nitrogen loss of fertilizer is as shown in table 7:
Table 7
As can be seen from Table 7, the composting production total nitrogen loss rate of 2 superhigh temperature of embodiment pretreatment 2h and 6h is
13.2% and 17.9%, 56.5% and 41.1% are reduced than reference examples, significantly improves the total nitrogen content of composting production, is reduced
Total nitrogen loss rate, and the shorter effect for reducing total nitrogen loss of pretreatment time is more obvious.
Superhigh temperature pretreatment (90-95 DEG C) 4 hours nitrogen loss rate and document CN107162656A in embodiment 1 is public
80-85 DEG C opened compares for 4 hours, and the results are shown in Table 8:
The nitrogen loss rate of the different superhigh temperature pretreatment temperatures of table 8
, it is apparent that the present embodiment superhigh temperature pretreatment temperature is at 90-95 DEG C in the same pretreatment time
Nitrogen loss reduces 45.4%, and 80-85 DEG C of nitrogen loss disclosed in document CN107162656A only reduces 29.1%.It is remote small
In the nitrogen loss rate of this implementation temperature.
In addition, it should be noted that, under the conditions of 90-95 DEG C, the optimum range of superhigh temperature pretreatment time is in 2-6h, if low
In 2h, material heating is insufficient, it will influences the decomposed time of material.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of superhigh temperature for reducing nitrogen gas loss pre-processes compost method, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
1) feces of livestock and poultry is mixed with conditioner and obtains mixed material, adjusted mixed material moisture content to 50~60%, sent out
Ferment raw material；
2) fermentation raw material that step 1) obtains is heated to 90~95 DEG C in half an hour, and keeps the temperature 2~6h, is i.e. completion superhigh temperature is pre-
Handle compost.
2. the superhigh temperature for reducing nitrogen gas loss according to claim 1 pre-processes compost method, which is characterized in that step
1) the C/N ratio of the mixed material is 25.
3. the superhigh temperature for reducing nitrogen gas loss according to claim 1 pre-processes compost method, which is characterized in that step
2) stirring refers to is stirred with 20~40 revs/min of rate.
4. the superhigh temperature for reducing nitrogen gas loss according to claim 1 pre-processes compost method, which is characterized in that step
1) in the mixed material, mass ratio shared by feces of livestock and poultry is 50~65%.
5. -4 any superhigh temperature for reducing nitrogen gas loss pre-process compost method according to claim 1, feature exists
In the step 1) conditioner includes at least one of plant straw powder, rice chaff, rice husk, mushroom slag, bark.
6. the superhigh temperature for reducing nitrogen gas loss according to claim 5 pre-processes compost method, which is characterized in that step
1) feces of livestock and poultry includes at least one of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, duck excrement, goose excrement, sheep dung.
7. the superhigh temperature for reducing nitrogen gas loss according to claim 5 pre-processes compost method, which is characterized in that step
1) partial size of the conditioner is 1-5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910052696.5A CN109650957A (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910052696.5A CN109650957A (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109650957A true CN109650957A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
Family
ID=66120523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910052696.5A Pending CN109650957A (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109650957A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110627543A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for promoting compost maturity of livestock and poultry manure through microbial pretreatment |
| CN110655422A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-07 | 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所 | Composting method for promoting rotting and preserving nitrogen and application of organic fertilizer |
| CN110845272A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Lignite compost product and application thereof in reducing emission of ammonia and nitrous oxide in soil |
| CN115286443A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for enhancing compost antibiotic degradation and heavy metal passivation by combining high-temperature pretreatment with biochar |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009234855A (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-15 | Nippon Life Center:Kk | Method of composting organic waste substance |
| CN107141047A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of damp and hot pretreatment promotes the compost method that feces of livestock and poultry becomes thoroughly decomposed |
| CN107162656A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of feces of livestock and poultry superhigh temperature compost method |
| CN107857609A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Using vegetables straw is quick, the method that safely prepares organic fertilizer |
-
2019
- 2019-01-21 CN CN201910052696.5A patent/CN109650957A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009234855A (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-15 | Nippon Life Center:Kk | Method of composting organic waste substance |
| CN107141047A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of damp and hot pretreatment promotes the compost method that feces of livestock and poultry becomes thoroughly decomposed |
| CN107162656A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of feces of livestock and poultry superhigh temperature compost method |
| CN107857609A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Using vegetables straw is quick, the method that safely prepares organic fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 曹云等: "超高温预处理对猪粪堆肥过程碳氮素转化与损失的影响", 《中国环境科学》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110627543A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for promoting compost maturity of livestock and poultry manure through microbial pretreatment |
| CN110627543B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-11-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for promoting compost maturity of livestock and poultry manure through microbial pretreatment |
| CN110655422A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-07 | 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所 | Composting method for promoting rotting and preserving nitrogen and application of organic fertilizer |
| CN110845272A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-28 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Lignite compost product and application thereof in reducing emission of ammonia and nitrous oxide in soil |
| CN110845272B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2022-08-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Lignite compost product and application thereof in reducing emission of ammonia and nitrous oxide in soil |
| CN115286443A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for enhancing compost antibiotic degradation and heavy metal passivation by combining high-temperature pretreatment with biochar |
| CN115286443B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for enhancing degradation of compost antibiotics and passivation of heavy metals by combining high-temperature pretreatment and biochar |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107162656A (en) | A kind of feces of livestock and poultry superhigh temperature compost method | |
| CN109650957A (en) | A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss | |
| CN103708967B (en) | A kind of method utilizing pig manure to produce fertilizer | |
| CN108002871A (en) | A kind of method that rubbish from cooking makes green fertilizer material | |
| Ma et al. | Effects of oxygen levels on maturity, humification, and odor emissions during chicken manure composting | |
| CN106190927B (en) | A kind of bacterial strain and its application for sludge high temperature compost | |
| CN101973795A (en) | Sludge aerobic composting method by utilizing composting compound microbial inoculum | |
| CN112608171A (en) | Method for treating organic waste by closed fermentation bin | |
| CN107141047A (en) | A kind of damp and hot pretreatment promotes the compost method that feces of livestock and poultry becomes thoroughly decomposed | |
| Liu et al. | Microbial dynamics and nitrogen retention during sheep manure composting employing peach shell biochar | |
| CN103664256B (en) | High speed composting method using AT-18 enzyme composition | |
| CN107573112B (en) | Composite additive for improving excrement treatment capacity of ectopic fermentation bed in low-temperature environment | |
| CN108794200A (en) | A kind of odorless charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102093098A (en) | Method for preparing fertilizer by using domestic sludge | |
| CN114940635A (en) | Method for reducing emission of greenhouse gas by organic solid waste semipermeable membrane fermentation and preparing microbial fertilizer | |
| CN106892691A (en) | A kind of method of nitrogen loss in reduction compost | |
| CN104419654A (en) | Organic fertilizer microbial agent produced by rapid fermentation of edible fungus residue and method for producing organic fertilizer by same | |
| CN108440035A (en) | A kind of compost method reducing nitrous oxide and ammonia emission | |
| Mohan et al. | Addressing the challenges of ammonia loss from poultry droppings through indigenous carbon wastes | |
| CN101565331A (en) | Method for producing bioorganic fertilizer from pig manure | |
| CN115010518B (en) | Method for producing high-value organic fertilizer by using cow dung | |
| CN113896571B (en) | Livestock manure composting nitrogen-preserving and active nitrogen gas emission-reducing process | |
| CN115594533A (en) | Additive for improving decomposition degree of cow dung compost and application thereof | |
| WO2003093454A1 (en) | A microbe preparation for treating waste alcohol, its preparation method and the fermentation process | |
| CN106754543A (en) | A kind of microorganism formulation for sludge anaerobic fermentation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |