CN109644800A - A kind of rice shrimp educates special fertilizer and its processing method and application altogether - Google Patents
A kind of rice shrimp educates special fertilizer and its processing method and application altogether Download PDFInfo
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- CN109644800A CN109644800A CN201811594426.9A CN201811594426A CN109644800A CN 109644800 A CN109644800 A CN 109644800A CN 201811594426 A CN201811594426 A CN 201811594426A CN 109644800 A CN109644800 A CN 109644800A
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- rice
- special fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rice shrimps to educate special fertilizer altogether, including after aerobic fermentation biogas residue and with fixed nitrogen, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium, decomposing organic matter function complex microbial community, the complex microbial community is made of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus subtilis and bonding bacillus, wherein, the complex microbial community additive amount accounts for the 0.8% of special fertilizer gross mass.Processing method and its application when " rice Prawn " cultivates in " three shrimp of a rice " cropping pattern that a kind of rice shrimp educates special fertilizer altogether are also provided.It is multiple that the present invention has the advantages that production cost is low, economic benefit is excellent, preserves the ecological environment etc., is of great significance for the development of promotion " three shrimp of a rice " mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural high-tech fields, and in particular to a kind of rice shrimp educates special fertilizer and its processing method altogether and answers
With.
Background technique
The comprehensive breeding of rice shrimp is current various regions tune structure, turns mode, carries out the project with little investment but quick effect of agriculture supply side reform, and
And the comprehensive breeding area of rice shrimp can also maintain sustained and rapid growth.According to incompletely statistics, the national comprehensive breeding area of rice shrimp in 2018 exists
10000000 mu, the 70.83% of the total cultured area of cray is accounted for, the comprehensive breeding of rice shrimp has become the mainstream of cray cultivation industry
Trend.The comprehensive breeding of rice shrimp can achieve the mutually beneficial double effects received of rice, shrimp, cray can for paddy field weeding, deinsectization, loosen the soil,
Running water, ventilation, getting fat, rice field can provide suitable growth environment and sufficient bait for cray." the comprehensive breeding of rice shrimp " mode,
Net profit per mu is up to 3000 yuan or more, and even as high as ten thousand yuan, than high 3 times of wheat net profit of single cropping rice or so, some is very
To being higher by 10 times or more.About 24,460,000 hectares of the present Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area in China, wherein can be with paddy field aquaculture under present condition
Area at 10,000,000 hectares, but according to statistics, the national comprehensive breeding area in rice field only reaches 151.6 ten thousand hectares within 2017, also
The rice field for having a large amount of conditions suitable does not comprehensively utilize.
The intracorporal protein content of cray is very high, and meat is soft, easy to digest, in poor health and need to adjust after being ill
Feeding people is fabulous food；Magnesium, zinc, iodine, selenium and other trace elements are also rich in shrimp, magnesium has important tune to cardiomotility
Section effect, can protect cardiovascular system, it can reduce blood cholesterol level, prevent artery sclerosis, while can also expand hat
Shape artery is conducive to the diseases such as preventing hypertension and myocardial infarction.Cray contains astaxanthin, and astaxanthin is a kind of very strong anti-
Oxidant, scientist's discovery of Osaka, Japan university, astaxanthin help " jet lag " eliminated and generated by jet lag.Separately
Outside, cray can also be used as medicine, and energy preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing promotes postoperative wound myogenic to heal.Due to the various advantages of cray, nothing
By still foreign countries, present cray are increasingly pursued by the majority of consumers at home.According to statistics, domestic cray in 2017
The industrial economy gross output value is 268,500,000,000 yuan, wherein the tertiary industry based on food and drink is about 200,000,000,000 yuan.The country is to cray
Demand is at 1,900,000 tons, about 300,000 tons of overseas market demand gap amount, however China's cray annual output only has 112.86 ten thousand
Ton, causes the price of cray to remain high for a long time.It is envisioned that the cray cultured area in China necessarily can also quickly increase
It is long.
Due to above, cray cultured area increases, inevitable mainly to increase based on the comprehensive breeding area of rice shrimp.
The comprehensive breeding of rice shrimp in the past is mainly " one shrimp of a rice " and " two shrimp of a rice ".In recent years, Lixiahe region in Jiangsu
Institute of agricultural sciences takes the lead in proposing and being integrated with " three shrimp of a rice " breeding integration new model.However whether which kind of rice shrimp is comprehensive
It closes plant breeding model and all suffers from optional, the available status without suitable top dressing when rice and cray are educated altogether.To being at present
Only, there are no the fertilizer specifically for the comprehensive plant breeding model of rice shrimp in China market, Fertilizer application does not form complete body yet
System mainly or based on chemical fertilizer increasing amount organic fertilizer leads to serious agricultural non -point pollution, water eutrophication, cray not
The problems such as good stress reaction aggravates；Meanwhile summer high temperature time, circular groove bed mud deposit a large amount of cray excrement, plant residue etc.
Organic materials can rot to breed a large amount of pathogen, and cray morbidity is serious, and the death rate is high, yield and quality decline, according to statistics
Rice Prawn yield only has 50kg/ mus or so at present；Although demand that chemical fertilizer meets algae is excessively used, but for rice
Quality-improving has no benefit；Rate of Organic Fertilizer is excessive, and the common organic fertilizer applied per acre is all at 1 ton or so, but resource provisioning is not
Above, cost is excessively high.
The present invention educates special fertilizer using the rice shrimp of biogas residue and function bacterium Joint Production altogether, breaks traditional rice and water plant
The development of fertilization mode, plant breeding model comprehensive for rice shrimp is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, technical solution of the present invention provide a kind of rice shrimp educate altogether special fertilizer and
Its processing method and application.The technical solution is as follows:
In a first aspect, rice shrimp educates special fertilizer altogether, specifically, include biogas residue after aerobic fermentation and have fixed nitrogen,
The complex microbial community of dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium, decomposing organic matter function；
Preferably, the complex microbial community is made of azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus subtilis and bonding bacillus；
Preferably, the viable count proportion of the azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus subtilis and bonding bacillus is 2.5:
2.5:1；
Preferably, the complex microbial community additive amount accounts for the 0.8% of special fertilizer gross mass；
Preferably, based on mass fraction, the total nutrient of the special fertilizer is 8% or more, and 45% or more organic matter, pH exists
5.5-8.5, wherein total nutrient specifically refers to a great number of elements, it is furthermore preferred that referring to the N P and K in a great number of elements；
Preferably, the biogas residue is obtained after anaerobic fermentation by chicken manure.
Second aspect provides a kind of processing for educating special fertilizer altogether based on any rice shrimp in the cards of aforementioned first aspect
Method, specifically, the biogas residue that will be obtained after anaerobic fermentation, is handled using secondary aerobic fermentation, joint has fixed nitrogen, solution
Phosphorus potassium decomposing, decomposing organic matter function complex microbial community, formed after mixing granulation；
Preferably, the secondary aerobic fermentation treatment process is as follows: by moisture content in the biogas residue of 60%-80%, being placed in
In aerobe fermentation reaction kettle, microbial inoculum is added, fermentation number of days is at least 10 days；By after fermentation product be added yeast, bank up 3 days with
On, reduce by 8 or less pH to；Product after fermentation is crushed, is sieved；
Preferably, the moisture content is set as 70%, and the fermentation number of days is 10 days.
The third aspect provides one kind based on any rice shrimp in the cards of aforementioned first aspect and educates special fertilizer altogether " one
Application in three shrimp of rice " cropping pattern on " rice Prawn " cultivation period rice.
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention at least has the advantages that
(1) biogas residue resource utilization can utmostly be avoided environmental pollution caused by waste etc. in the present invention
Problem.
(2) it is ingenious to educate special fertilizer formula altogether for the rice shrimp in the present invention, efficiently solves " rice in current " three shrimp of a rice " mode
Rice reduces the pollution to water body and small dragon without fertilizer status that is optional, can only applying chemical fertilizer or a large amount of organic fertilizers when Prawn " cultivates
The injury of shrimp.
(3) it is multiple to have the advantages that production cost is low, economic benefit is excellent, preserves the ecological environment etc. for the technology in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is experimental plot plan view provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is circular groove sectional view provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that same amount rice shrimp does not educate special fertilizer Plant Height of Rice variation schematic diagram altogether for application provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that same amount rice shrimp does not educate special fertilizer rice tillering number variation schematic diagram altogether for application provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the yield schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention applied not same amount rice shrimp and educate special fertilizer rice altogether；
Fig. 6 is the yield schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention applied not same amount rice shrimp and educate special fertilizer cray altogether；
Fig. 7 is the growing way schematic diagram of cray provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only this
Invention a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art exist
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) acquisition of raw material
Jiangsu Su Gang is derived from for examination chicken manure biogas residue and along Biotechnology Co., Ltd, saccharomycete, azotobacter chroococcum, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus, bonding bacillus, cray seedling, waterweed, water peanut etc. are from market.
(2) implementation process
Rice shrimp educates special fertilizer preparation altogether: the biogas residue by moisture content 70% or so is placed in aerobic fermentation reaction kettle, addition
Microbial inoculum ferments 10 days.Yeast is added in product after fermentation, is banked up 3 days or more, reduces pH to 8 hereinafter, by the product after fermentation
It crushed, sieved.It combines azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus subtilis and bonding bacillus always according to 2.5:2.5:1 ratio
50,000,000,000/g of viable count forms complex microbial community.The complex microbial community for accounting for gross mass 0.8% is charged first to a small amount of
In tunning, mixing, then remix in remaining tunning, last beneficial viable count is maintained at 400,000,000/gram or more,
It is granulated after mixing and forms rice shrimp and educate special fertilizer altogether.
Cell selection and planning: selection has carried out " three shrimp of a rice " plant breeding model 2 years 4 cells, each cell face
30 mu of product.Rice belt applies 200kg/ mus of decomposed manures, deep ploughs, the water plant returning to the field that will be planted before rice；After circular groove cleaning
A small amount of water is injected, is splashed disinfection with quick lime, except open country is removed the evil, dosage is 100-150kg/ mus.Cell concrete condition such as Fig. 1 and figure
2。
Seedling cultivation of rice and transplanting: being packed into seedlings nursing plate for matrix, and No. five rice paddy seeds of Huaihe River rice are uniformly then sprinkling upon seedlings nursing plate
On, one layer of matrix is covered, normal management moisture after growth 28 days, passes through machine rice transplantation in rice belt, per acre 19000 cave.
Algae plantation: planting the double-deck water plant in circular groove, the property water plant waterweed Planting Row Distance that sinks is 6m, buoyancy water plant water peanut
Planting Row Distance 8m, is beaten up and is fixed with bamboo, every heap grass diameter 0.5m.
Shrimp seedling is launched: launching 25kg/ mus of seed shrimps in early and middle ten days in June, selection shell cyan, appendage is complete, has a well filled-out figure, tail
Portion is broad, the consistent shrimp seedling of specification.
Feed is launched: being launched cray PP Pipe Compound according to the 7%-9% of cray weight daily, is divided sooner or later twice, at dusk
Feeding volume accounts for 70%, guarantee " fixed point, timing, it is quantitative, determine matter " etc. feed four principles, guarantee that the feed the launched same day does not have as far as possible
It is remaining.
Top dressing: top dressing is carried out to entire cell.1 uses 30 kilograms of urea (being denoted as CK) according to local conventional method per acre
Special fertilizer is educated altogether using 30kg, 45kg and 60kg rice shrimp respectively per acre with 3 carries out top dressing (being denoted as CL1, CL2, CL3), wherein
Tillering stage, jointing stage and boot stage fertilizer application amount ratio are 3:2:1.
Every 15 days before booting, 15 points are selected every 30 days plant heights of measurement and tiller number, each cell after booting,
Each point surveys 4 plants of rice；The rice and cray actual production of each fertilization mode are calculated when harvest.
For test period by May, 2018 in November, 2018, test site is the farm Hua Feng No. 25 fields of 5 row.
(3) test results and analysis
The index of table 1 water body and algae
It is shown by table 1, shrimp special fertilizer is supported in application rice field can increase the transparency of water body and reduce pH, and stability
It is good.The transparency for applying chemical fertilizer processing CK is 31cm, pH9.0, and extremely unstable；And apply the place that shrimp special fertilizer is supported in rice field
Between reason, for water transparency in 25-26cm, pH7.9-8.0, stability is high, and difference is not significant.It is dedicated that the feeding shrimp in rice field is administered simultaneously
Fertilizer, algae is energetic, and growing way is good, and total algae number, waterweed and the water peanut water surface coverage rate and stability of algae are all promoted significantly.
Total algae number of chemical fertilizer processing CK only has 15,000,000/L, and unstable, and waterweed water surface coverage rate is 40%, the covering of the water peanut water surface
Rate is 48%.Compare total algae number, waterweed water surface coverage rate and the water peanut water surface between the feeding shrimp special fertilizer processing in application rice field to cover
Lid rate handles CL3 highest, respectively 21,000,000/L, 51% and 62%, and processing CL2 takes second place, respectively 20,000,000/L, 50% and
60%, processing CL1 is minimum, respectively 18,000,000/L, 45% and 57%.Processing CL1 is substantially less than CL2 and CL3, processing CL2 and
Difference is not significant between CL3.
Plant Height of Rice has reacted the growing way of rice to a certain extent.It is slowly rear fast that first rising is presented in Plant Height of Rice in Fig. 3
Speed and then again slow process.When in the early stage, application chemical fertilizer handles CK fast growing, and plant height educates special fertilizer than application rice shrimp altogether
Processing wants high, and applies rice shrimp and educate no significant difference between special fertilizer processing altogether；In the middle and later periods, handles CK growth and starts slowly,
The processing growth that application rice shrimp educates special fertilizer altogether is accelerated, and processing CL1 plant height is still lower than processing CK；Handle CL2 plant height gradually
It reaches unanimity with CK；CL3 plant height is handled than handling CK high.
It is shown in Fig. 4, the tiller number of rice, which is presented, first quickly to be increased, and then rapid decrease, finally tends to be steady.Rice point
At tiller initial stage, processing CK tiller is very fast, and tiller number is more than the processing that application rice shrimp educates special fertilizer altogether；When tiller peak period, CL1 is handled
Tiller is most slow, and tiller maximum number is caused there was only 19.07/cave；It is almost the same to handle CL2 and CK tillering speed, maximum tiller number
Respectively 20.57/cave and 20.15/cave；Processing CL3 tiller is most fast, and maximum tiller number is also maximum, is 21.60/cave.It is raw
Long middle and later periods, ineffective tillering are dead, are left as effective tillering, and it is minimum to handle CL1 effective tillering, only 12.66/cave；Processing
CK effective tillering is taken second place, and is 12.80/cave；It is most to handle CL3 effective tillering, is 13.21/cave；CL2 and CL3 is handled without aobvious
Write difference.
Rice yield is the most important measurement standard of Rice Cropping.Shown in Fig. 5, the rice yield for handling CK is 482.3kg/
Mu；It is minimum to handle CL1 yield, only 462.2kg/ mu, the underproduction 4.2%；Handle CL3 rice yield highest, processing CL2 and
The yield of CL3 respectively 505.7kg/ mus and 507.2kg/ mus, has increased production 4.9% and 5.2%, effect of increasing production without significant difference
Significantly.
Shown in Fig. 6, the cray yield for handling CK is very low, and only 25.2kg/ mus, application rice shrimp educates the place of special fertilizer altogether
Reason volume increase is very high.It is compared with processing CK, the cray yield for handling CL1 is 79.6kg/ mus, has increased production 216%；Handle CL2's
Lobster yield is 85.3kg/ mus, has increased production 238%；The lobster yield for handling CL3 is 85.9kg/ mus, has increased production 241%.Application
Rice shrimp is educated altogether between special fertilizer processing, and the appropriate dosage that increases can dramatically increase cray yield, but dosage is further added by, small dragon
Shrimp yield increases unobvious.
The growing way of cray in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 7.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rice shrimp educates special fertilizer altogether, which is characterized in that including the biogas residue after aerobic fermentation and there is fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing
Potassium decomposing, decomposing organic matter function complex microbial community.
2. rice shrimp according to claim 1 educates special fertilizer altogether, it is characterised in that: the complex microbial community is brown solid by justifying
Nitrogen bacterium, bacillus subtilis and bonding bacillus composition.
3. rice shrimp according to claim 2 educates special fertilizer altogether, it is characterised in that: the azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus subtilis
The viable count proportion of bacterium and bonding bacillus is 2.5:2.5:1.
4. rice shrimp according to claim 1-3 educates special fertilizer altogether, it is characterised in that: the complex microbial community
Additive amount accounts for the 0.8% of special fertilizer gross mass.
5. rice shrimp according to claim 1-3 educates special fertilizer altogether, it is characterised in that: based on mass fraction, described
The total nutrient of special fertilizer is 8% or more, and 45% or more organic matter, pH is in 5.5-8.5.
6. rice shrimp according to claim 1-3 educates special fertilizer altogether, it is characterised in that: the biogas residue is to pass through chicken manure
It is obtained after anaerobic fermentation.
7. a kind of processing method for educating special fertilizer altogether based on any one of claim 1 to the 6 rice shrimp, it is characterised in that: will be through
The biogas residue obtained after anaerobic fermentation is crossed, is handled using secondary aerobic fermentation, joint has fixed nitrogen, dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium, decomposition organic
The complex microbial community of object function is formed after mixing granulation.
8. processing method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the secondary aerobic fermentation treatment process is as follows: will
Moisture content is placed in aerobic fermentation reaction kettle in the biogas residue of 60%-80%, adds microbial inoculum, and fermentation number of days is at least 10 days；It will hair
Yeast is added in product after ferment, banks up 3 days or more, reduces by 8 or less pH to；Product after fermentation is crushed, is sieved.
9. processing method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the moisture content is set as 70%, the fermentation day
Number is 10 days.
10. one kind educates special fertilizer " rice in " three shrimp of a rice " cropping pattern based on any one of claim 1 to the 6 rice shrimp altogether
Prawn " cultivates the application on period rice.
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| CN201811594426.9A CN109644800B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Special fertilizer for rice and shrimp co-cultivation and processing method and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111995464A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-27 | 肥城中持十方生物能源有限公司 | Preparation method of compound microbial fertilizer suitable for crayfish breeding |
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| CN108967286A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽涂远农业有限公司 | A kind of method of Period of paddy planting mixed breeding lobster |
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2018
- 2018-12-25 CN CN201811594426.9A patent/CN109644800B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108967286A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽涂远农业有限公司 | A kind of method of Period of paddy planting mixed breeding lobster |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 科学技术部农村科技司组编等: "《次生代谢在生态农业中的应用》", 31 March 2018, 中国农业大学出版社 * |
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| CN111995464A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-27 | 肥城中持十方生物能源有限公司 | Preparation method of compound microbial fertilizer suitable for crayfish breeding |
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Address after: 224145 north side of East Gate of Huafeng farm, Dafeng District, Dafeng City, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu Yancheng Port Yannong Circular Agriculture Co.,Ltd. Address before: 224145 north side of East Gate of Huafeng farm, Dafeng District, Dafeng City, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: JIANGSU SUGANG HESHUN BIOTECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |