CN109637329A - A kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage - Google Patents
A kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of simulation experiment methods for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage, according to the structure fabrication of original massif at model massif structure, and flowing water control path is set on model massif and constitutes cavernous body model structure, the massif structural model made is set in turn in the transparent cabinet of upper end opening, mark is equipped with the scale of measurement height of water level on the side wall of the box body, in the quadrangle of cabinet, sprinkler head Simulated rainwater is set, the flow velocity V that must be discharged with the water yield that water-meter measures sprinkler head per minute, spray head starts to start timing when water spray work, until the water of transparent cabinet reaches preset scle height, obtain water flow time T, water capacity can be calculated according to V and T, a kind of cavernous body simulation experiment method for preventing urban waterlogging is carried out through the invention, so that cavernous structure can preferably be arranged, it can To reduce cost as far as possible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulation experiment method, especially a kind of simulation examination for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage
Proved recipe method.
Background technique
Karst landform city mountain is mostly few, and storm seepage amount is big, and surface soil layer is thin to be difficult to water storage, the sponge of rain penetration
Urban construction mode is not appropriate for karst landform city, how to improve the scale in city " cavernous body " and quality is karst
The practical problem that looks sponge urban construction faces." tor wetland park " is us to preferably borrow karst landform region
The more natural characteristic of tor manages principle according to the Urban Storm Flood of " low to influence the building of exploitation storm-water system ", manually to existing
The earth's surface of karst landform is designed transformation, and a kind of finally formed novel ecological sponge form, core is to pass through stone
The engineer on mountain and transformation allow the earth's surface under the more original same homalographic of its structure to have better rainwater-collecting and savings
Ability, and dissolved nearby using tor rainwater and form city landscape wetland.The design content of tor wetland park includes mountain
Body rainwater Row control, dmp filter purification and Rain-fed wetland, the wet pool and the design for adjusting the three big cavernous bodies such as lake.
" sponge city " refer to reply urban waterlogging problem new generation of city storm water man- agement theory, by by rainwater-collecting,
It stores and utilizes, make city that there is good " bullet in terms of adapting to environmental change and reply rainwater bring
Property ", also referred to as " water elasticity city ", the problems such as can effectively slowing down urban waterlogging and urban heat island, " seep, be stagnant, storing, is net, with,
Row " is its capital construction directive/guide.Many urban roads in Liuzhou are doing the transformation of pavement permeable pavement at present, through understanding,
10000 squares of permeable pavement probably can be 100 squares with water storage, and common rainfall is not in waterlogging problem, but is encountered violent
Rainy day gas, since the reservoir storage of permeable pavement is limited or unavoidable waterlogging problem.When consulting sponge city data, see
It is proposed that, for the city of karst landform, because surface rain seepage discharge is big, soil layer is thin to be difficult to water storage to an expert, so
The sponge urban construction mode of rain penetration is not appropriate for karst landform city, is only to be difficult to solve by permeable pavement therefore
Waterlogging problem, most effective method is to increase storing facilities of water.It but is to need to spend in physically setting cavernous structure
Take a large amount of manpower and material resources, so test assessment can be carried out, first preferably before setting to plan and to set
Cavernous structure is set, cavernous body urban construction investment cost is greatly decreased.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is providing a kind of simulation test side for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage
Method, it is convenient to be tested in advance when carrying out entity setting up.
The technical solution for solving above-mentioned technical problem is: a kind of simulation test side assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage
Method makes mountain model by the structure of original massif, and flowing water is arranged in mountain model according to satellite map data in proportion
Control path and with cavernous body constitute cavernous body model structure, the mountain model made is set to the glass box of upper end opening
In body, mark is equipped with the scale of measurement height of water level on the side wall of the box body, and sprinkler head Simulated rainwater, dosage are arranged above cabinet
Hydrophone measures the flow velocity V that the water yield of sprinkler head per minute must be discharged, and spray head starts to start timing when water spray work, until transparent
The water of cabinet reaches preset scle height, show that water flow time T=T1-T2, T1 are the total time that water flows through, T2
For spilt into from model cabinet water flow time, water capacity, the calculation method of water capacity can be calculated according to V and T are as follows:
The water capacity M water flow velocity V (ml/ minutes) of * water jet per minute=water flow time T(minutes)-spills into the total of transparent cabinet
Water M1；
The flowing water control path includes energy dissipating bank, vegetation buffer strip, intercepting ditch, wetland, the wet pool, adjusts lake；The sea
Continuous body structure are as follows: setting shallow hole and sand grains are original to simulate in the place that massif water flow is more rapid, that is, at massif gully
Energy dissipating bank on massif carries out buffering energy dissipating to flowing water by energy dissipating bank；The turf and Qiao that sponge quality is arranged on massif fill
Wood is to simulate the vegetation buffer strip on original massif, and the turf of setting sponge quality and shrub are on massif to simulate original massif
On wetland, by the way that scaled down groove and pond is arranged on massif periphery to simulate the intercepting ditch on original massif, the wet pool
With adjusting lake；The intercepting ditch be along at the foot of the hill arrange ring structure, the intercepting ditch, wetland and the wet pool respectively with adjusting
Lacustrine facies perforation, wetland and the wet pool connect.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: the ratio of original massif and mountain model is 1:1000.
The quantity of the energy dissipating bank are as follows: by taking the gully of original massif as an example, set along the gully of original massif every 50-80 meters
Set an energy dissipating bank.
By groove being arranged on massif to simulate the preposition pool being arranged on original massif, which mutually passes through with intercepting ditch
It is logical.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, a kind of simulation test side for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage of the present invention
Method has the advantages that
The tor in karst landform city spreads all over the place, and the steep woods in mountain is dilute, accounts for that urban surface area is larger, and massif rainwater is by city ring
Border pollution is minimum, measures big cleaning easily collecting.Rain-fed wetland park is done around tor, is by manually to existing karst landform
Table is designed transformation, and is dissolved nearby using tor rainwater and form city landscape wetland, and finally formed one kind is novel
Ecological sponge form.The form effectively improves the scale and quality of karst landform city cavernous body, to adjusting and savings
The rainwater in city, abatement urban waterlogging and tropical island effect play the role of very outstanding, while can also form excellent noise made in coughing or vomiting
This special landscape, that is, protect natural ecological environment, and the ground for leisure of playing is provided for local resident.Therefore, " tor is wet
Ground park " can be used as the main sponge form in karst landform city, be suitable for promoting and applying in karst landform city.?
Physically setting cavernous structure needs to spend a large amount of manpower and material resources, therefore can carry out through the invention before setting
A kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage, to plan and be arranged cavernous structure,
Cavernous body urban construction investment cost is greatly decreased.
In the following, a kind of assessment massif rainwater cavernous body water storage in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments to the present invention
The technical characteristic of the simulation experiment method of amount is described further.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: the structural schematic diagram of model.
In above-mentioned attached drawing, each label declaration is as follows:
1- spray head, 2- water pump, 3- sand table and transparent water tank, the water source 4-, 5- power supply.
Specific embodiment
The soil is porous for karst landform, and rock solution cavity is more and big, by analysis, the rainwater catchment of karst landform tor
Mode, which can be divided into, three classes: solution cavity infiltration type, the free Water dispersion type of gully radial-flow type and gentle slope.Solution cavity infiltration type refers to that rainwater is logical
The solution cavity for crossing rain erosion enters inside massif, imports the mode of subterranean stream；Gully radial-flow type refers to rainwater from high to low
Gully pool the mode of big stock water flow, rainfall runoff impact force is larger, can sweep away the soil of area-covered；Gentle slope freely dissipates
Ability of swimming refers to the rainwater catchment mode that first two binding mode is not belonging at the gentle slope of the foot of the hill.Solution cavity infiltration type is with can supplementing city
Lower river water, drains off floodwaters favorably to city, therefore acts in accordance with it naturally, being not required to control.The potential energy of the free Water dispersion type in gentle slope is smaller, can be along slope
Vegetation buffer strip is flowed through, into the intercepting ditch built around mountain bottom；The radial flow type flow energy in gully is larger, it is therefore desirable on mountain
Several energy dissipating banks are set at body gully, buffering energy dissipating is carried out to rainwater.The present invention is to design one kind based on karst landform city
The simulation comparison test carried out when the city cavernous body in city is collected by designing rainwater Row control path on original massif
Rainwater and to its energy dissipating, to achieve the purpose that prevent urban waterlogging, the flowing water control path includes that energy dissipating bank, vegetation are slow
It rushes band, intercepting ditch, wetland, the wet pool and adjusts lake.The suitable green plants of seed selection increases vegetation using the soil of tor surface area
Cavernous body, with buffering, filtering and purifying rainwater；By rainwater dissolve nearby in the way of be arranged wetland, the wet pool and adjust lake, formed
Landscape water storage cavernous body；Meanwhile can suitably extend water stream channel during actual setting, to create more Ecology rings
Rainwater is further filtered, purifies and is saved in border.Rainwater is by energy dissipating bank, vegetation buffer strip, charge for remittance irrigation canals and ditches, grass planting ditch, ecology shield
Converge after a series of bufferings such as slope and purification facility and enters the artificial swamp of tor wetland park, the wet pool and adjust lake this is three big
In cavernous body, in the control flow of rainwater, energy dissipating bank, vegetation buffer strip and intercepting ditch play buffering and collection rainwater important
Effect.
A kind of method of city cavernous body preventing urban waterlogging is set on original massif are as follows: a. is more anxious in tor water flow
Place, that is, at the gully of tor be arranged energy dissipating bank, buffering energy dissipating is carried out to rainwater by energy dissipating bank；B. in tor
Upper setting plant buffer strip plants vegetation using the soil of tor surface area, with buffering, filtering and purifying rainwater, prevents water and soil
It is lost；C. it on tor or mountain is arranged with wetland and the wet pool, is equipped at the foot of the hill of tor and adjusts lake, and set at the foot of the hill
There is the intercepting ditch being circular layout along massif；The intercepting ditch, wetland and the wet pool are penetrated through with adjusting lacustrine facies respectively, wetland and wet pool phase
Perforation, the wetland, the wet pool and adjusting lake are penetrated through with urban rainwater system or subterranean stream water phase respectively.The water (flow) direction of tor
To flow to the foot of the hill from the hilltop, flow path I is coombe runoff, and water flow successively passes through energy dissipating bank, the preposition pool, the wet pool, adjusts lake；Water
The II free aproll in mountainous region gentle slope of flow path, water flow successively pass through plant buffer strip, intercepting ditch, wetland or the wet pool and adjust lake；Water
Flow path III is the water flow at cliff abrupt slope, successively passes through energy dissipating bank, plant buffer strip, intercepting ditch, wetland or the wet pool and adjusting
Lake.The preposition pool is provided at the foot of the hill, which is connected to intercepting ditch, between intercepting ditch and wetland or intercepting ditch and
The preposition pool is provided between the wet pool, the preposition pool is the pool dug, and is equipped with rubble in ditch bottom, in ditch water flow
Exit is equipped with water blocking masonry dam.
Step a's method particularly includes: the coombe runoff more anxious to water flow carries out rainwater by the way that several energy dissipating banks are arranged
Buffer energy dissipating；The number of energy dissipating bank is along gully (or coombe) every one energy dissipating bank of 50-80 meters of settings.The energy dissipating bank be
Rough rubble plash is set at the natural gully of tor, and specific method is that multiple ponding are dug at natural gully
Hole, and rubble is filled in plash；Or the energy dissipating bank is more suddenly to locate the water blocking masonry dam of setting protrusion, specific method in water flow
For the gabion for being placed with rubble is set to the more anxious place of water flow and forms water blocking masonry dam.Between the uneven and rubble of energy dissipating bank
Macrovoid can cut down the impulse force of water flow, hence it is evident that the potential energy for reducing rainfall runoff plays the role of nature energy dissipating, reduces to water
Soil washes away, convenient for the Collection utilization of next step rainwater.
Step b's method particularly includes: by planting the shrub and arbor of some well developed root systems at the foot of the hill, both can protect
Water and soil, and can effectively filter and purifying rainwater；The vegetation is Chinese toon tree, locust tree or the medium a variety of root system hairs of great Ye banyan
The shrub and arbor reached.Original karst massif, plant is all in a kind of free growing state, and type is more and weeds account for
It is most of, rare arbor, the severe water and soil erosion under rainwash, therefore massif is mostly exposed.So there is the plantation of planning can
To combine landscape design selecting diversified kind, periodic maintenance can accomplish the effect for beautifying landscape, also avoid simultaneously
Weedy unsightly phenomenon at the foot of the hill.
The intercepting ditch is to be set at the foot of the hill of tor with ring structure, which is 1.3 meters of depths, is intercepted water
The gap of ditch is located at the position away from 1 meter of bottom of trench, and the gap is by water pipe or water channel and adjusts lacustrine facies perforation, at intercepting ditch bottom
Portion sets the mud sump of 1.8 meters of depth every 30 meters, i.e., the hole of 1.8 meters of depth is dug every 30 meters as mud sump.It is such
Design can play certain precipitation to the silt in water flow, as long as the heavy mud of periodic cleaning mud sump, can make intercepting ditch
Long-time service is gone down without blocking.And rain grid mistake is equipped in the water inlet of the inlet of intercepting ditch and mud sump
It filters, several layers of strainers above intercepting ditch can then filter out a little bigger rubbish as leaf, branch and rubble, further to water flow
Filtration, purification, and deeper intercepting ditch also functions to the function of storage part rainwater.
The wet pool, which refers to, to be kept certain water surface area and has intercepting, temporarily storing runoff rainwater throughout the year, and is passed through
The discharge outlet of limitation maximum stream flow is slowly introduced into the low-lying district adjusted at lake, storm-water system or storage water body, also known as
Pool.The setting position on the wet pool selects in mountain stream or massif gully river outlet and is able to satisfy certain water storage requirement, wet pool bottom
Portion should do Anti-seeping technology, be equipped with mud-sinking area in wet pool bottom.The major function on the wet pool is to be detained rainwater, both can be stagnant when raining heavily
A part of rainwater is stayed, rainwash drain time is extended, reduces the burden of drainage system, runoff peak value is waited to discharge rain again in the past
Water, while certain water level can be kept throughout the year when not raining, it waits until to recycle its moisture when dry season, reaches solution
Certainly karst landform is detained the problem of water storage hardly possible, and rainwater also can be used as its water supply source.
Rain-fed wetland (abbreviation wetland) is that one kind makes rainwater peak by modes such as precipitating, filtering and biological effects to cut
Subtract the wetland with runoff pollution control, wetland is arranged in above more gentle low-lying landform, a ring as purifying rainwater
Section, wetland are connected to the wet pool (or adjusting the pool).For the rainwater being gathered in wetland in the short time, wetland can not be inhaled completely
It receives, then can be connect by modes such as underdrain, grass planting ditch, earth's surface irrigation canals and ditches with the wet pool, extra water is introduced the wet pool and slows down wetland pressure
Power.Can also be connected to nearby simultaneously and adjust lake or city flood drainage system, become one not only can with water storage again can drought period oneself
By the movable wetland of selection drainage pattern.Sinking greenery patches, Rain Garden, plant can be selected in the Rain-fed wetland form of tor wetland park
The forms such as careless ditch and biological stagnant area are specific flexibly to select in combination with the landform and landscape design in park.
A relatively large lake for adjusting lake and referring to adjustable reservoir storage, holds some wet pools and wetland
Runoff under receiving not controls water storage by building a large-scale adjusting lake, and depth and capacity all can be bigger than the wet pool, with
Many waters from torrential rain are accommodated, rainwater-collecting is got up.It adjusts lake and passes through drainpipe and overflow pipe and storm-water system (city
City's drainage system) connection, the drainpipe is equipped with valve.Valve is closed Sometimes When It Rains, saves rainwater, overflow pipe is then
Prevent the excessive lake that adjusts of rainfall from not accommodating as overflow effect.And in drought period, the valve for adjusting lake can be opened and be taken
With the water of the inside, for supplementing the moisture in wetland garden, and the rainwater being collected into can be used as the watering pours water of urban afforestation, save city
City's water consumption.It is adjustable for adjusting the savings moisture in lake, so stagnant water will not be formed as other non-current lakes,
Will not black smelly, and the water surface of large area can be used as landscape come using and adjustable miniclimate, for solve city
City's tropical island effect has obvious help.Anti-seeping technology should be done by adjusting lake bottom.
Since the manpower and material resources that practical manufacture cavernous body is spent are all bigger, therefore simulation examination can be carried out before manufacture
It can preferably be planned if testing and build city cavernous body, a kind of simulation test side assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage
Method makes mountain model by the structure of original massif, and flowing water is arranged in mountain model according to satellite map data in proportion
Control path and constitute cavernous body model structure with cavernous body, i.e., according to satellite map data according to a certain percentage (common 1:
1000) mountain model is made, which can be the mountain model and improved mountain model (sponge body Model knot before transformation
Structure).To improved massif, flowing water control path and sponge are arranged on model massif according to the practical rainwater flow path of massif
Body.The massif structural model made is set in turn in the transparent cabinet of upper end opening, mark is equipped on the side wall of the box body
Sprinkler head Simulated rainwater is arranged in the scale for measuring height of water level above cabinet, sprinkler head mould can be arranged in the quadrangle of cabinet
Quasi- rainwater, the flow velocity V that must be discharged with the water yield that water-meter measures sprinkler head per minute, water-meter may be disposed on spray head, spray
Head starts to start timing when water spray work, until the water of transparent cabinet reaches preset scle height, show that water flows through
Time T=T1-T2 (T1 is the total time that water flows through, and T2 is the flow time that the water of cabinet is spilt into from model), according to V
Water capacity, the calculation method of water capacity can be calculated with T are as follows: water capacity M=water flow time T(minutes) * water jet per minute
Water flow velocity V (ml/ minutes)-spill into the total Water M1 of transparent cabinet.Thus the massif mould after being transformed can be respectively obtained
Type reservoir storage and the mountain model reservoir storage not being transformed.The flowing water control path includes energy dissipating bank, vegetation buffer strip, intercepts water
Ditch, the wet pool, adjusts lake at wetland；The cavernous structure are as follows: in the place that massif water flow is more rapid, that is, in massif ditch
Shallow hole and sand grains are set at gully to simulate the energy dissipating bank on original massif, buffering energy dissipating is carried out to flowing water by energy dissipating bank；On mountain
Spongioplasm is arranged to simulate the vegetation buffer strip on original massif in the turf and shrub that sponge quality is arranged on body on massif
The turf on ground and shrub to simulate the wetland on original massif, by massif periphery be arranged scaled down groove and pond with
It simulates the intercepting ditch on original massif, the wet pool and adjusts lake；The intercepting ditch be along at the foot of the hill arrange ring structure, it is described
Respectively with adjusting lacustrine facies perforation, wetland and the wet pool connect for intercepting ditch, wetland and the wet pool；
The quantity of the energy dissipating bank are as follows: by taking the gully of original massif as an example, be arranged one every 50-80 meters along the gully of original massif
A energy dissipating bank, depending on the situation of change of practical topography, topography changes steeper spacing and gets the small value, topography variation
Little spacing can take large values.By the way that setting groove is on massif to simulate the preposition pool being arranged on original massif, the preposition pool
It connects with intercepting ditch.Massif sponge body Model after engineered first makes massif, wetland, the wet pool, tune in proportion of extruded sheet
The bottom embryo in lake and intercepting ditch is saved, then is laid with moulding gypsum cloth on the embryo of bottom, then can plant plant everywhere at massif surface and the foot of the hill
The grass meal and shrub for being stained with sponge material production in the localities of quilt.Energy dissipating bank, grass planting ditch are set in mountain model, and pre-buried
It connects the wet pool and adjusts the pipeline in lake.The bottom embryo of original massif is drawn to scale in original mountain model, then relatively flat in massif
Laying is equally the grass meal of sponge production at slow region and the foot of the hill.
A kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage: by wet to common tor model and tor
The case where water capacity and water flow time of ground model compare, study respective water capacity and water flow time is respective to judge
The size of water-holding capacity, water capacity is bigger, and more long then its water storage function of flow time and ecological Efficiency are better.Water capacity experiment
It is the water capacity to common tor and wetland tor shower water, until the gap water outlet of same height.Water flow time
It is that Simulated rainwater starts timing when dripping from the hilltop, until water flow occurs in gap, calculates the flow time of water.
A kind of simulation test step for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage: the first step is wet in the ratio production of 1:1000
Ground model and original mountain model；Second step measures the water yield of spray port per minute with rain detecting device；Third step is identical with 4 groups
Water flow velocity but spray head setting orientation difference spray two models, while timing respectively, until transparent water tank reach design it is same
Height of water level obtains water flow time；Four-step calculation water capacity: water capacity=water flow time × water jet per minute goes out
Water-spills into the total Water M1 of transparent cabinet；
Experimental result: by the experimental data of table 3 it is found that the water capacity before the water capacity of the tor after artificial reconstructed and transformation increases
About 8.3 times, for water flow time also than increasing about 8.3 times before transformation, it is obvious that the collection of rainwater and storage capacity increase effect.
Experimental result
Table 2: to the data of water capacity (unit: rising L) experiment:
| Experiment number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Common tor | 252 ml | 286 ml | 290 ml | 246 mL |
| Wetland tor | 2092 ml | 2362 ml | 2410 ml | 2049 ml |
Table 3: to the experimental data of water flow time (in the time that gap has water to occur, unit: second S)
| Experiment number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Common tor | 126 S | 143 S | 145 S | 123 S |
| Wetland tor | 1046 S | 1185 S | 1205 S | 1024.5 S |
Claims (4)
1. a kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage, it is characterised in that: according to satellite map data,
Make mountain model in proportion by the structure of original massif, and in mountain model be arranged flowing water control path and with cavernous body structure
At cavernous body model structure, the mountain model made is set in the transparent cabinet of upper end opening, on the side wall of the box body
Mark is equipped with the scale of measurement height of water level, and sprinkler head Simulated rainwater is arranged above cabinet, measures water per minute with water-meter and sprays
The flow velocity V that the water yield of head must be discharged, spray head starts to start timing when water spray work, until the water of transparent cabinet reaches preparatory
The scle height of setting show that water flow time T=T1-T2, T1 are the total time that water flows through, and T2 is to spill into from mountain model
The flow time of the water of cabinet can calculate water capacity, the calculation method of water capacity according to V and T are as follows: water capacity M=water flows through
Time T(minute) the water flow velocity V (ml/ minutes)-of * water jet per minute spills into the total Water M1 of transparent cabinet；
The flowing water control path includes energy dissipating bank, vegetation buffer strip, intercepting ditch, wetland, the wet pool, adjusts lake；The sea
Continuous body structure are as follows: setting shallow hole and sand grains are original to simulate in the place that massif water flow is more rapid, that is, at massif gully
Energy dissipating bank on massif carries out buffering energy dissipating to flowing water by energy dissipating bank；The turf and Qiao that sponge quality is arranged on massif fill
Wood is to simulate the vegetation buffer strip on original massif, and the turf of setting sponge quality and shrub are on massif to simulate original massif
On wetland, by the way that scaled down groove and pond is arranged on massif periphery to simulate the intercepting ditch on original massif, the wet pool
With adjusting lake；The intercepting ditch be along at the foot of the hill arrange ring structure, the intercepting ditch, wetland and the wet pool respectively with adjusting
Lacustrine facies perforation, wetland and the wet pool connect.
2. a kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the ratio of original massif and mountain model is 1:1000.
3. a kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the quantity of the energy dissipating bank are as follows: by taking the gully of original massif as an example, be arranged one every 50-80 meters along the gully of original massif
A energy dissipating bank.
4. a kind of simulation experiment method for assessing massif rainwater cavernous body reservoir storage according to claim 1, feature exist
In: by groove being arranged on massif to simulate the preposition pool being arranged on original massif, which connects with intercepting ditch.
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