CN109627418A - 一种高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109627418A
CN109627418A CN201811489529.9A CN201811489529A CN109627418A CN 109627418 A CN109627418 A CN 109627418A CN 201811489529 A CN201811489529 A CN 201811489529A CN 109627418 A CN109627418 A CN 109627418A
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韩生
陈凤飞
王威
薛原
蔺华林
李原婷
蒋继波
余焓
黄燕山
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Shanghai Institute of Technology
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Abstract

本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,具体为一种高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法。高吸音性能聚氨酯汽车地毯由A料与B料制备加工而成。A料:聚酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇、叔胺类催化剂、羟基硅油、扩链剂、发泡剂;B料:液化MDI、粗MDI、纯2.4'‑MDI。本发明选用低挥发、反应型原料;该生产方法不仅简单易实施,而且具有环保、无污染等优点。所制备的地毯在不影响聚氨酯汽车地毯其他性能的前提下,降低了挥发性有机物的含量,提高了地毯的吸音性能,满足中高端汽车市场对高吸音性能聚氨酯地毯的要求。

Description

一种高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料领域,涉及聚氨酯汽车方向盘的制备技术,具体涉及一种高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法。
背景技术
汽车地毯是车辆很普遍内饰。随着人们生活水平的提升,国内汽车行业迅猛发展,中高端车辆对车辆内饰的要求越来越高,国内传统工艺制作的地毯已无法满这些车辆配件需求;而从国外进口的地毯价格昂贵。因此,国产化中高端车辆地毯的研制开发已提到当前国内汽车发展的议事日程。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种工艺简单、安全环保、高吸音性能的汽车地毯的制备方法。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术解决方案如下。
本发明提供一种高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法,按照重量份数计,其原料配方如下:聚酯多元醇85~100份、聚醚多元醇3~15份、叔胺类催化剂0.1~0.3份、羟基硅油0.5~1.5份、发泡剂1.5~2.5份、扩链剂1~3份、粗MDI 15~35份、液化MDI 5~25份、纯2.4'-MDI 6~20份;该制备方法的具体步骤如下:
①A料的准备:向聚酯多元醇中,加入聚醚多元醇、叔胺类催化剂、发泡剂、羟基硅油和扩链剂,加完后在20~40℃的温度下搅拌30~40min,即得A料;
②B料的准备:将粗MDI、液化MDI和纯2.4'-MDI放在反应釜中,升温至50~60℃,搅拌30~50min,即得B料;
③原料的准备:将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内;将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内;
④汽车地毯的制备:将皮革平铺在模具底部,用发泡机将A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀,浇注成型;脱模,对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理,得到汽车地毯。
本发明中,按重量份数计,其原料配方如下:聚酯多元醇90~95份、聚醚多元醇5~8份、叔胺类催化剂0.15~0.25份、羟基硅油0.8~1.2份、发泡剂1.8~2.2份、扩链剂1.5~2.5份、粗MDI 25~30份、液化MDI 10~15份、纯2.4'-MDI 8~12份。
本发明中,粗MDI是一种不同官能度的多异氧酸酯混合物,其中n-0的二异氰酸酯(MDI)占混合物的50%左右,其余是3官能度平均分子量为350-420的低聚合度异氰酸酯,常温下为褐色至棕色液体。
本发明中,所述聚酯多元醇的重均分子量为6000±300。
本发明中,所述发泡剂为水。
本发明中,所述叔胺类催化剂为三乙醇胺、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺的一种或两种的的组合。
本发明中,所述扩链剂为1,4-环已二醇、丙三醇、丙二醇中的一种或几种的组合。
本发明中,所述液化MDI为氨酯改性MDI。
本发明中,步骤④中,脱模时间为10~20分钟。在试验过程中,得到证明,在该脱模时间内可以保证产品的成形性能。若时间太短产品成形不完全,时间太长影响生产效率,造成生产的成本浪费。
和现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)由于采用重均分子量为6000±300的聚酯多元醇作为原料,加入聚醚多元醇,在不影响地毯其他性能的前提下,提高了吸音性能;
(2)所选用的原材料常温下均为液体,便于,生产方法也非常简便;
(3)在制备方法的设计上,采取全水发泡技术,无毒环保,是一种环保型生产方法;
(4)所选用的原材料为低挥发、反应型原料,制备方法具有环保、无污染等优点。
(5)所述的高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法,不但简单易行,而且安全环保,吸音性能优良,可以满足中高端汽车市场对汽车方向盘环保性能的要求。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,并可依说明书的内容予以实施,以下以本发明的较佳实施例说明如后。
附图说明
图1是实施例1-3中聚氨酯地毯的吸音性能指标图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,不用来限制本发明的范围。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
①A料的准备:向98kg华大聚酯多元醇,加入0.2kg的三乙醇胺,加入2kg的水,加入1kg嘉兴科瑞有机硅有限公司106羟基硅油,加入1kg的1,4-环已二醇,加入1kg的丙二醇,控制转速在80转/min,在常温下搅拌35min,即可得A料;
②B料的准备:B组原料30kg万华公司的PM-200,20kg6928。将各组分放在反应釜中,升温至60℃,搅拌40min,转速控制在50转/min,即得B料,密封保存;
③原料的准备:将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内;将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内;
④汽车地毯的制备:将皮革平铺在模具底部,用发泡机将A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀,浇注成型;脱模,对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理,得到汽车地毯。
实施例2
①A料的准备:向90kg华大聚酯多元醇,加入8kg的万华公司的C2004,加入0.2kg的三乙醇胺,加入2kg的水,加入1kg嘉兴科瑞有机硅有限公司106羟基硅油,加入1kg的1,4-环已二醇,加入1kg的丙二醇,控制转速在80转/min,在常温下搅拌35min,即可得A料;
②B料的准备:B组原料30kg万华公司的PM-200,10kg6928,10kgMDI-20。将各组分放在反应釜中,升温至60℃,搅拌40min,转速控制在50转/min,即得B料,密封保存;
③原料的准备:将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内;将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内;
④汽车地毯的制备:将皮革平铺在模具底部,用发泡机将A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀,浇注成型;脱模,对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理,得到汽车地毯。
实施例3
①A料的准备:向95kg重均分子量为6000±300的聚酯多元醇中,加入5kg的聚醚多元醇,加入0.2kg的叔胺类催化剂,加入2kg的水,加入1kg的羟基硅油,加入2kg的扩链剂,控制转速在70转/min,在常温下搅拌35min,即可得A料;
②B料的准备:B组原料粗MDI 25kg,液化MDI 15kg,纯2.4'-MDI 10kg。将各组分放在反应釜中,升温至55℃,搅拌40min,转速控制在40转/min,即得B料,密封保存;
③原料的准备:将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内;将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内;
④汽车地毯的制备:将皮革平铺在模具底部,用发泡机将A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀,浇注成型;脱模,对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理,得到汽车地毯。
上述实施例1-3中聚氨酯地毯的力学性能指标见下表。
图1是实施例1-3中聚氨酯地毯的吸音性能指标图示。结果表明,实施例1~3制备的聚氨酯地毯都具有良好的吸音性能。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,并不用于限制本发明,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护。

Claims (7)

1.一种高吸音性聚氨酯汽车地毯的制备方法,其特征在于,按照重量份数计,其原料配方如下:聚酯多元醇85~100份、聚醚多元醇3~15份、叔胺类催化剂0.1~0.3份、羟基硅油0.5~1.5份、发泡剂1.5~2.5份、扩链剂1~3份、粗MDI 15~35份、液化MDI 5~25份、纯2.4'-MDI 6~20份;该制备方法的具体步骤如下:
①A料的准备:向聚酯多元醇中,加入聚醚多元醇、叔胺类催化剂、发泡剂、羟基硅油和扩链剂,加完后在20~40℃的温度下搅拌30~40min,即得A料;
②B料的准备:将粗MDI、液化MDI和纯2.4'-MDI放在反应釜中,升温至50~60℃,搅拌30~50min,即得B料;
③原料的准备:将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内;将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内;
④汽车地毯的制备:将皮革平铺在模具底部,用发泡机将A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀,浇注成型;脱模,对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理,得到汽车地毯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,按重量份数计,其原料配方如下:聚酯多元醇90~95份、聚醚多元醇5~8份、叔胺类催化剂0.15~0.25份、羟基硅油0.8~1.2份、发泡剂1.8~2.2份、扩链剂1.5~2.5份、粗MDI 25~30份、液化MDI 10~15份、纯2.4'-MDI8~12份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述聚酯多元醇的重均分子量为6000±300。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述发泡剂为水。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述叔胺类催化剂为三乙醇胺、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺的一种或两种的的组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述扩链剂为1,4-环已二醇、丙三醇、丙二醇中的一种或几种的组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述液化MDI为氨酯改性MDI。
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