CN109626994A - 一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料及其制备方法,属于热障涂层材料领域。该热障涂层材料组成以摩尔百分比计为:xNiO‑yEr2O3‑yYb2O3‑4~4.5Y2O3‑88.5~94ZrO2,所有物质的摩尔总含量为100,x为0~2,y为1~2.5。本发明所述的低红外透过率的热障涂层材料的红外透过率与YSZ相比降低20~30%左右,在高温长时间保温条件下能够保持原有的相结构,与YSZ相比热导率降低约18~20%,保持优异的隔热性能,可满足航空发动机和地面燃气轮机热端部件热障涂层在高温下长时间服役。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料及其制备方法,属于热障涂层领域。
背景技术
热障涂层具有耐高温和低导热的特点,应用于航空发动机高压涡轮叶片,可以显著降低涡轮叶片合金表面温度,大幅度延长叶片工作寿命,提高发动机推力和效率。传统热障涂层材料采用氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆,即6-8wt%YSZ,具有较优异的综合性能。但当使用温度超过1200℃时,会出现相变,同时热导率也相对较高。再者,随着航空发动机推重比的提高,高温下无法抵挡红外辐射,YSZ在800℃以上时对红外光透明,严重影响涂层的隔热能力,不利于高温下金属部件的热防护,因此需要研发新一代高温热障涂层材料。
国内外研究人员广泛的研究了YSZ掺杂对热导率和相稳定性,表明这类材料在1600℃内保持相稳定性,具有比YSZ更低的热导率,但是随着温度的提高,红外透过率并未降低,1200℃时热辐射引起的热导率上升高达0.8W/m*K,使得热障涂层的隔热性能大幅降低。因此,希望找到一类又能保持高温相稳定性,同时兼具低的红外透过率材料,来进一步提高热障涂层的隔热性能和服役温度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料,可以解决航空发动机涡轮叶片热障涂层高温服役条件下相变以及无法抵挡高温下的红外辐射的问题,所述低红外透过率的热障涂层材料,所含物质具有以下摩尔百分比:xNiO.yEr2O3.yYb2O3.4~4.5Y2O3.88.5~94ZrO2,其中,x为0~2,y为1~2.5,所有物质的摩尔总含量为100。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述低红外透过率的热障涂层材料的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将粉末原料ZrO2、Y2O3、NiO、Er2O3、Yb2O3置于电阻炉中,焙烧后随炉冷却至室温,除去氧化物原料中吸附的水分和CO2,得到干燥的氧化物。
(2)按化学计量比称取步骤(1)所得的各氧化物,混合球磨后干燥(80℃烘箱干燥24h)得到混合物,然后将混合物置于烧结炉中烧结,得到掺杂后的粉末。
(3)烧结后的粉体研磨后过80目筛,将粉体压成素坯,空气气氛下,以5℃/min的升温速率升温至1500℃,保温5h后随炉冷却至室温。
优选的,本发明步骤(1)中的焙烧条件为:以5℃/min的速度升温至1000℃焙烧2小时。
优选的,本发明步骤(2)中球磨的条件为:按质量比为4:3:1比例将氧化锆球、无水乙醇和氧化物放入球磨机中,球磨时间为6~10h。
本发明所述氧化锆磨球大小有三种,直径分别为5mm、8mm、10mm,磨球配比为1:2:1。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明所述低红外透过率的热障涂层材料拥有较低的红外透过率,与传统的YSZ相比降低20~30%左右;该涂层的热导率相比YSZ降低了约18~20%,并且经过长时间高温保温也没有出现相变,可以维持单一的相结构,保证相结构的稳定性。
(2)本发明所述方法操作方便,工艺简单,节约成本,可靠性强;本发明提供的热障涂层材料可以做为电子束物理气相沉积制备热障涂层的靶材,通过喷雾造粒后可用于大气等离子喷涂的粉体原料。
附图说明
图1为实施例中陶瓷材料的红外透过率;
图2为实施例中陶瓷材料的XRD谱图;
图3为实施例中陶瓷材料的热导率。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。
实施例1
一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料及其制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将粉末原料ZrO2、Y2O3、NiO、Er2O3、Yb2O3置于电阻炉中以5℃/min的速度升温至1000℃焙烧2小时,随炉冷却至室温,除去氧化物原料中吸附的水分和CO2,得到干燥的粉末原料;
(2)按照设计的化学计量比精确快速的称取预处理后各氧化物的质量,其中各粉末原料摩尔比为NiO:Er2O3:Yb2O3:Y2O3:ZrO2=0:1.0:1.0:4.0:94,混合装入球磨罐中,按照质量比为4:3:1加入一定量的氧化锆球、无水乙醇和氧化物,得到混合物;
(3)将混合物机械球磨6h,蒸发干燥后于80℃烘箱干燥24h;
(4)将粉体置于烧结炉中烧结,得到掺杂后的粉末;
(5)将烧结后的粉体手动研磨,过80目筛子,得到颗粒大小均匀的粉体;
(6)将上述粉体压成型状不同的素坯,以升温速率5℃/min升温至1500℃,保温5h后随炉冷却至室温。
本实施例所制备得到的陶瓷材料的红外透过率为83%,与YSZ相比,降低了15%左右,如图1所示,并且高温烧结100h后未发生相变,能够保持原有的相结构,如图2所示,室温至1500℃热导率随温度升高而降低,热导率为1.576-1.75W/(m*K),比YSZ降低了约18%,如图3所示。
实施例2
一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料及其制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将粉末原料ZrO2、Y2O3、NiO、Er2O3、Yb2O3置于电阻炉中以5℃/min的速度升温至1000℃焙烧2小时,随炉冷却至室温,除去氧化物原料中吸附的水分和CO2,得到干燥的粉末原料;
(2)按照设计的化学计量比精确快速的称取预处理后各氧化物的质量,其中各粉末原料摩尔比为NiO:Er2O3:Yb2O3:Y2O3:ZrO2=1.0:2.0:2.0:4.2:90.8,混合装入球磨罐中,按照质量比为4:3:1加入一定量的氧化锆球、无水乙醇和氧化物,得到混合物;
(3)将混合物机械球磨10h,蒸发干燥后于80℃烘箱干燥24h;
(4)将粉体置于烧结炉中烧结,得到掺杂后的粉末;
(5)将烧结后的粉体手动研磨,过80目筛子,得到颗粒大小均匀的粉体;
(6)将上述粉体压成型状不同的素坯,以升温速率5℃/min升温至1500℃,保温5h后随炉冷却至室温。
本实施例所制备得到的陶瓷材料的红外透过率为71%,与YSZ相比,降低了27%左右,如图1所示,并且高温烧结100h后未发生相变,能够保持原有的相结构,如图2所示,室温至1500℃热导率随温度升高而降低,热导率为1.51-1.63W/(m*K),比YSZ降低了约20%, 如图3所示。
实施例3
一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料及其制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将粉末原料ZrO2、Y2O3、NiO、Er2O3、Yb2O3置于电阻炉中以5℃/min的速度升温至1000℃焙烧2小时,随炉冷却至室温,除去氧化物原料中吸附的水分和CO2,得到干燥的粉末原料;
(2)按照设计的化学计量比精确快速的称取预处理后各氧化物的质量,其中各粉末原料摩尔比为NiO:Er2O3:Yb2O3:Y2O3:ZrO2=2.0:2.5:2.5:4.5:88.5,混合装入球磨罐中,按照质量比为4:3:1加入一定量的氧化锆球、无水乙醇和氧化物,得到混合物;
(3)将混合物机械球磨8h,蒸发干燥后于80℃烘箱干燥24h;
(4)将粉体置于烧结炉中烧结,得到掺杂后的粉末;
(5)将烧结后的粉体手动研磨,过80目筛子,得到颗粒大小均匀的粉体;
(6)将上述粉体压成型状不同的素坯,以升温速率5℃/min升温至1500℃,保温5h后随炉冷却至室温。
本实施例所制备得到的陶瓷材料的红外透过率为52%,与YSZ相比,降低了46%左右,如图1所示,并且高温烧结100h后未发生相变,能够保持原有的相结构,如图2所示,室温至1500℃热导率随温度升高而降低,热导率为1.444-1.55W/(m*K),比YSZ降低了约22%,如图3所示。
Claims (4)
1.一种低红外透过率的热障涂层材料,其特征在于:所含物质具有以下摩尔百分比:xNiO.yEr2O3.yYb2O3.4~4.5Y2O3.88.5~94ZrO2,其中,x为0~2,y为1~2.5。
2.权利要求1所述低红外透过率的热障涂层材料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将粉末原料ZrO2、Y2O3、NiO、Er2O3、Yb2O3置于电阻炉中,焙烧后随炉冷却至室温,除去氧化物原料中吸附的水分和CO2,得到干燥的氧化物;
(2)按化学计量比称取步骤(1)所得的各氧化物,混合球磨后干燥得到混合物,然后将混合物置于烧结炉中烧结,得到掺杂后的粉末;
(3)烧结后的粉体研磨后过80目筛,将粉体压成素坯,空气气氛下以5℃/min的升温速率升温至1500℃,保温5h后随炉冷却至室温。
3.根据权利要求2所述方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的焙烧条件为:以5℃/min的速度升温至1000℃焙烧2小时。
4.根据权利要求2所述方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中球磨的条件为:按质量比为4:3:1比例将氧化锆球、无水乙醇和氧化物放入球磨机中,球磨时间为6~10h。
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