CN109610093A - 一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nickel Chemical compound [Mg].[Ni] ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Zn] Chemical compound [Mg].[Zn] PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 graphite alkene Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Cu] Chemical compound [Mg].[Cu] OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003854 Surface Print Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001614291 Anoplistes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100136092 Drosophila melanogaster peng gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCPLVIGCWWTHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-L methyl blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[NH+]C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC(=CC=3)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)C=C1 MCPLVIGCWWTHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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Abstract
本发明提供一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜及其制备方法和应用,该方法通过高压静电纺丝技术可将微纳级的镁基合金均匀负载于纵横交割的网状结构纤维膜上,使其具有机械性能良好、化学稳定性高、催化活性高、可多次反复使用的优点,且易于分离回收。此外,通过制备技术和材料的优化和改进,可实现在刚性、柔性、曲面等复杂基底表面的快速成型以及复杂图案、多功能结器件的制备,并可满足生物修复、催化储能、光降解、光探测等生物医学、能源环境领域和智能制造、可穿戴衣物等民用领域的应用需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及镁基合金复合纤维材料的制备及应用技术领域,特别涉及一种负 载镁基合金的复合纤维膜及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
镁合金作为一种轻质合金,除具有比重轻、比高强度等结构性能优势外,还 具备与正常的骨骼相近的弹性模量、良好的生物相容性、优越的生物可降解性及 光/电/化学催化特性。镁合金用于生物体时一般不发生排斥反应、可以被生物体 分解吸收;用于能源存储及光降解、光探测也有显著的效果;而镁基合金则因制 备过程中采用特种制造技术,以及金属、非金属等掺杂物的添加兼具了更多优异 的理化特性。相比于块体合金,微纳级的镁基合金具有更大的比表面积、可提供 更多催化反应所需的活性点位。然而,目前报道的微纳级的镁基合金大多为粉末 状,粉末状的镁基合金存在使用和回收的困难,多孔结构虽提供了一种解决该问 题的有效思路,但这种方法的制备成本较高,且应用于非晶合金等亚稳态金属时, 其产品效果严重受到添加材料及制备方法的影响。因此,如何更好地利用这一结 构、性能优势进行制备和应用成为当前需迫切解决的问题。
微纳级的镁基合金负载于高压静电纺丝技术制备的纳米纤维膜可成为解决 当前镁基合金应用问题的一种重要手段。与粉状材料相比,负载镁基合金的复合 纤维膜具有明显的优势:纤维膜纵横交割的网状结构具有机械强度适宜、耐高温、 耐化学稳定性等优势,可为镁基合金提供足够的承载空间;同时,由于镁基合金 的尺寸达到微纳级尺度,可发挥大比表面性和小尺寸效应,而镁基合金在高孔隙 结构纤维膜上的均匀分布也提高了其分散度,有利于镁基合金结构特性和表面催 化特性的发挥,可达到同样的使用效果却节省活性组分用量的作用。此外,复合 纤维膜状的孔径、孔体积以及孔隙分布等均可通过高压静电纺丝技术加以控制, 可以发挥活性组分和载体的双重优点。更重要的是,通过制备方法和复合纤维膜 材料的优化和改进,可实现在刚性、柔性、曲面等复杂基底表面的快速成型以及 复杂图案、多功能结器件的制备,满足生物修复、催化储能、光降解、光探测等 生物医学、能源环境领域和智能制造、可穿戴衣物等民用领域的应用需求。因此, 开发一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜及其制备方法和应用显得尤为重要。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种负载镁基合金的复 合纤维膜及其制备方法和应用,通过高压静电纺丝技术可将微纳级的镁基合金均 匀负载于纵横交割的网状结构纤维膜上,使其具有机械性能良好、化学稳定性高、 催化活性高、可多次反复使用的优点,且易于分离回收。此外,通过制备技术和 材料的优化和改进,可实现在刚性、柔性、曲面等复杂基底表面的快速成型以及 复杂图案、多功能结器件的制备,并可满足生物修复、催化储能、光降解、光探 测等生物医学、能源环境领域和智能制造、可穿戴衣物等民用领域的应用需求。 具体技术方案如下:
一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)设计成分并配置镁合金及掺杂材料,采用凝固加工控制技术制备镁基 合金,并通过机械球磨处理获得微纳级的镁基合金粉末;
(2)配制镁基合金前驱体溶液;
(3)采用高压静电纺丝技术在承印基底上印制负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜;
(4)低温条件下的陈化处理及表面功能化处理。
可选的,所述的镁合金包括镁镍、镁铜、镁锌合金中的一种;所述的掺杂材 料包括碳纳米管等一维纳米材料,石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯、石墨 炔、氮化硼、黒磷、过渡金属硫族化合物等二维纳米材料以及碳化硅、氮化硼等 小尺寸微纳米材料中的一种或几种;所述的凝固加工控制技术包括电阻熔融、电 弧熔炼、压铸、喷铸、吸铸、浇铸、单辊急冷等方法中的一种;所述的镁基合金 包括组成成分中包含镁镍、镁铜、镁锌的多晶、微晶、纳米晶、非晶合金及其复 合材料中的一种或几种;所述的机械球磨处理为使用高能球磨机球磨4-72h;
可选的,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法,其特征在于,镁基合金前驱体溶液 包括以下组分:
镁基合金 0.05-5重量份
聚合物 75-100重量份
溶剂 400-4000重量份
其中,所述的聚合物为PVP、PAN、PMMA、PVAc、PLA中的一种或几种;
所述的溶剂包括DMF、DMSO、异丙醇、甲苯、氯苯等溶液中的一种或几 种;
可选的,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,高压静电纺丝技术采用的电压为 1-50kV;喷嘴孔径为3-80μm;
可选的,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,低温条件下的陈化处理为将复合 纤维膜放置于温度为20-70℃、湿度为20-80%的环境下保存2-48h;所述的表面 功能化处理则是在一定气氛、100-400℃温度的条件下处理1-8h。其中,所述的 气氛为空气、氩气、氧气、氮气中的一种或几种。
可选的,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,采用高压静电纺丝技术可以直接 在刚性、柔性、曲面等复杂基底表面进行快速成型印制;
可选的,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,采用基底表面覆盖图案化模板后, 再用高压静电纺丝技术可印制复杂图形;
可选的,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,可采用基底表面印制复合纤维膜 后再印制其他功能材料,获得多功能结器件;
可选的,所述的复合纤维膜可满足生物修复、催化储能、光降解、光探测等 生物医学、能源环境领域和智能制造、可穿戴衣物等民用领域的应用需求。
本发明的有益效果是:通过高压静电纺丝技术可将微纳级的镁基合金均匀 负载于纵横交割的网状结构纤维膜上,使其具有机械性能良好、化学稳定性高、 催化活性高、可多次反复使用的优点,且易于分离回收。此外,通过制备技术和 材料的优化和改进,可实现在刚性、柔性、曲面等复杂基底表面的快速成型以及 复杂图案、多功能结器件的制备,并可满足生物修复、催化储能、光降解、光探 测等生物医学、能源环境领域和智能制造、可穿戴衣物等民用领域的应用需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜的制备流程图;
图2为本发明实施例1所使用的镁基非晶合金复合纤维膜的SEM图;
图3为本发明实施例1所使用的镁基非晶合金复合纤维膜降解亚甲基蓝溶液 前后的紫外-可见光谱图;
图4为本发明实施例1所使用的镁基非晶合金复合纤维膜循环降解亚甲基蓝 溶液的效率图;
图5为本发明可应用的含光复合纤维膜的多功能结器件结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施方式和附图,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的 描述,显然,所描述的实施方式仅仅是本发明一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实 施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动 前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了解决现有技术中粉末状镁基合金存在使用和回收的问题,本发明提供 一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜及其制备方法和应用,通过高压静电纺丝技术可 将微纳级的镁基合金均匀负载于纵横交割的网状结构纤维膜上,使其具有机械性 能良好、化学稳定性高、催化活性高、可多次反复使用的优点,且易于分离回收。 此外,通过制备技术和材料的优化和改进,可实现在刚性、柔性、曲面等复杂基 底表面的快速成型以及复杂图案、多功能结器件的制备,并可满足生物修复、催 化储能、光降解、光探测等生物医学、能源环境领域和智能制造、可穿戴衣物等 民用领域的应用需求。
下面先从总体上对本发明实施方式提供的一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜 及其制备方法和应用进行说明。
如图1所示,为本发明提供的一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜及其制备方 法和应用的制备流程图,包括:
(1)设计成分并配置镁合金及掺杂材料,采用凝固加工控制技术制备镁基 合金,并通过机械球磨处理获得微纳级的镁基合金粉末;
(2)配制镁基合金前驱体溶液;
(3)采用高压静电纺丝技术在承印基底上印制负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜;
(4)低温条件下的陈化处理及表面功能化处理。
在一种实施方式中,所述的镁合金包括镁镍、镁铜、镁锌合金中的一种;所 述的掺杂材料包括碳纳米管等一维纳米材料,石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石 墨烯、石墨炔、氮化硼、黒磷、过渡金属硫族化合物等二维纳米材料以及碳化硅、 氮化硼等小尺寸微纳米材料中的一种或几种;所述的凝固加工控制技术包括电阻 熔融、电弧熔炼、压铸、喷铸、吸铸、浇铸、单辊急冷等方法中的一种;所述的 镁基合金包括组成成分中包含镁镍、镁铜、镁锌的多晶、微晶、纳米晶、非晶合 金及其复合材料中的一种或几种;所述的机械球磨处理为使用高能球磨机球磨 4-72h;
在另一种实施方式中,镁基合金前驱体溶液包括以下组分:
镁基合金 0.05-5重量份
聚合物 75-100重量份
溶剂 400-4000重量份
其中,所述的聚合物由PVP、PAN、PMMA、PVAc、PLA中的一种或几种;
所述的溶剂包括DMF、DMSO、异丙醇、甲苯、氯苯等溶液中的一种或几 种;
在另一种实施方式中,高压静电纺丝技术采用的电压为1-50kV;喷嘴孔径 为3-80μm;
在另一种实施方式中,低温条件下的陈化处理为将复合纤维膜放置于温度为 20-70℃、湿度为20-80%的环境下保存2-48h;所述的表面功能化处理则是在 一定气氛、100-400℃温度的条件下处理1-8h。其中,所述的气氛为空气、氩 气、氧气、氮气中的一种或几种。
下面通过具体实施方式,对本发明实施方式提供的镁基合金复合纤维膜的制 备和性能差异进行详细说明。
实施例1
将镁铜合金及石墨烯采用压铸法制备得到镁基非晶合金,并采用高能球磨机 球磨12h得到镁铜基复合非晶合金粉末;将镁镍非晶合金粉末0.15重量份、聚 合物由PVP为80重量份、DMF为1500重量份配制成镁基非晶合金前驱体溶液; 采用高压静电纺丝技术,使用电压为15kV、喷嘴孔径为10μm的条件,在承印 基底上印制负载镁铜基复合非晶合金的复合纤维膜,并将复合纤维膜放置于温度 为50℃、湿度为30%的温湿度箱内保存2h,然后在氩气气氛中、200℃的温 度条件下保温5h,得到负载镁铜基复合非晶合金的复合纤维膜,其SEM图如图 2所示。将镁基非晶合金复合纤维膜进行紫外可见光谱测试,可以看出降解后亚甲基蓝的特征峰消失,经计算降解率可达95.73%,其结果如图3所示。将实施 例1得到的镁基非晶合金复合纤维膜用于亚甲基蓝循环光降解,降解十次后仍可 以达到87.67%,其结果如图4所示。
实施例2
将镁镍合金及碳纳米管采用喷铸法制备得到镁基晶体合金,并采用高能球磨 机球磨48h得到镁镍基复合晶体合金粉末;将镁铜晶体合金粉末1重量份、聚合 物由PAN为100重量份、异丙醇为3000重量份配制成镁基晶体合金前驱体溶液; 采用高压静电纺丝技术,使用电压为40kV、喷嘴孔径为50μm的条件,在承印 基底上印制负载镁镍基复合晶体合金的复合纤维膜,并将复合纤维膜放置于温度 为70℃、湿度60%的温湿度箱内保存24h,然后在氮气气氛中、300℃的温度 条件下保温2h,得到负载镁镍基复合晶体合金的复合纤维膜。将镁基非晶合金 复合纤维膜进行紫外可见光谱测试,可以看出降解后亚甲基蓝的特征峰消失,经 计算降解率可达88.34%。
在镁基非晶合金复合纤维膜制备的基础上,通过进一步改进印制基底、印制 图案、产品结构的印制方式,可实现催化纤维的多样化应用。
在一种实现方式中,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,采用高压静电纺丝技 术可以直接在刚性、柔性、曲面基底表面进行快速成型印制;
在另一种实现方式中,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,采用基底表面覆盖 图案化模板后,再用高压静电纺丝技术可印制复杂图形;
在另一种实现方式中,所述的复合纤维膜的制备方法中,可采用基底表面印 制镁基合金复合纤维膜后再印制其他功能材料,获得多功能结器件,如图5;
由以上可见,通过本发明实施方式提供的负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜,通过 高压静电纺丝技术可将微纳级的镁基合金均匀负载于纵横交割的网状结构纤维 膜上,使其具有机械性能良好、化学稳定性高、催化活性高、可多次反复使用的 优点,且易于分离回收。此外,通过制备技术和材料的优化和改进,可实现在刚 性、柔性、曲面等复杂基底表面的快速成型以及复杂图案、多功能结器件的制备, 并可满足生物修复、催化储能、光降解、光探测等生物医学、能源环境领域和智 能制造、可穿戴衣物等民用领域的应用需求。
Claims (9)
1.一种负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备镁基合金粉末;
(2)配制镁基合金前驱体溶液;
(3)在承印基底上印制负载镁基合金的复合纤维膜;
(4)陈化处理及表面功能化处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的镁基合金包括镁镍、镁铜、镁锌的多晶、微晶、纳米晶、非晶合金及其复合材料中的一种或几种;所述镁基合金粉末含有碳纳米管一维纳米材料,石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯、石墨炔、氮化硼、黒磷、过渡金属硫族化合物二维纳米材料,以及碳化硅、氮化硼小尺寸微纳米材料中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述镁基合金通过凝固加工控制技术制备,所述凝固加工控制技术包括电阻熔融、电弧熔炼、压铸、喷铸、吸铸、浇铸、单辊急冷方法中的一种;所述镁基合金粉末通过球磨机球磨4-72h制备。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述的镁基合金前驱体溶液包括以下组分:
镁基合金 0.05-5重量份
聚合物 75-100重量份
溶剂 400-4000重量份
其中,所述的聚合物为PVP、PAN、PMMA、PVAc、PLA中的一种或几种;
所述的溶剂包括DMF、DMSO、异丙醇、甲苯、氯苯中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中采用基底表面覆盖图案化模板后,再用高压静电纺丝技术印制复杂图形;所述高压静电纺丝技术采用的电压为1-50kV;喷嘴孔径为3-80μm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述高压静电纺丝技术直接在刚性、柔性、曲面复杂基底表面进行快速成型印制。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中印制复合纤维膜后再印制功能材料,获得多功能结器件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述的陈化处理为将复合纤维膜放置于温度为20-70℃、湿度为20-80%的环境下保存2-48h;所述的表面功能化处理则是在一定气氛、100-400℃温度的条件下处理1-8h,其中,所述的气氛为空气、氩气、氧气、氮气中的一种或几种。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述方法制备的复合纤维膜,其特征在于,所述的复合纤维膜应用于生物修复、催化储能、光降解、光探测生物医学、能源环境和智能制造领域,或用于可穿戴衣物。
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CN111342064A (zh) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-26 | 清华大学 | 一种镧钴氧系纳米复合纤维膜及其应用方法 |
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