CN109566501B - Seedling cultivation system and method for aquatic animals under common environments of different families - Google Patents
Seedling cultivation system and method for aquatic animals under common environments of different families Download PDFInfo
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 7
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108091092878 Microsatellite Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/10—Cleaning bottoms or walls of ponds or receptacles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling cultivation system and a seedling cultivation method under different families of aquatic animals, wherein the system comprises a water tank, cultivation barrels, PVC vertical pipelines, an inflatable hose, inflatable stones and a heat supply line pipe, wherein a drain outlet is respectively arranged at the bottom of the water tank near four corners, a water inlet is arranged on the upper side of a water tank wall, the cultivation barrels are provided with two rows, each row of cultivation barrels are respectively fixed into the water tank through one PVC parallel pipeline, the two ends of each PVC parallel pipeline are connected to the water tank, the distance between each cultivation barrel and the bottom of the water tank is 0.2m, and a bolting-silk net is detachably arranged at the bottom of each cultivation barrel. The invention has stable environment and improves the survival rate of seedling; each family resolution reaches 100%; the scale is adjustable, so that the space is saved; has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and the like; is suitable for the common environment cultivation of seedling cultivation, early middle cultivation and even the replacement of later stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic animal breeding, and particularly relates to a seedling cultivation system and method under the common environment of different families of aquatic animals.
Background
At present, the aquaculture yield of China accounts for 70% of the global yield, the aquaculture industry is rapidly developed and achieves outstanding results, the aquaculture yield is directly related to the application of new varieties, the new varieties are groups which are obtained through an aquaculture method, are suitable for the requirements of human aquaculture production activities, have excellent economic characters such as high yield, stable yield, high quality and high efficiency, and are stable in inheritance, and the aquaculture breeding of the aquatic animals makes great contribution to the aquaculture industry of China.
The aquatic animals are bred by a plurality of methods, and the common method is a family breeding method based on BLUP. The common technical flow for family breeding is to firstly establish independent seedlings of families, and the cultivated seedlings are respectively cultivated in a standardized way, namely the cultivation conditions of each family are strictly consistent, and the cultivated seedlings are marked after being cultivated to a certain specification, wherein the prawn marking technology comprises fluorescent marking, metal marking, isotope tracing method, eye handle lantern ring and the like, the fish marking technology comprises nose marking, fin shearing, tag hanging, branding, dye marking, radioisotope marking, fluorescent pigment visible marking, passive integration radar marking and the like, and the common environment cultivation is carried out after the marking. Because the independent seedling raising and standardized cultivation of each family in the early stage often causes a larger common environmental effect during the estimation of genetic parameters, the accuracy of the estimation of genetic parameters, especially narrow-definition genetic force, is influenced, the prediction accuracy of a breeding value is reduced, and the genetic progress of breeding is further influenced.
Breeders adopt various modes for improvement, such as ((1) Zhao Guangfeng, li Sedong, li Zhen) a standard artificial breeding technology [ J ] of litopenaeus vannamei, fishery modernization, 2010,37 (06): 29-33 (2) Su Li, shi Jianwei, zhang Zhigang) a quality control production technology [ J ] of litopenaeus vannamei, aquatic science and technology information, 2010,37 (6): 292-295 (3) He Yuying, li Jian, wang Qingyin, and the like, a standard cultivation method of litopenaeus vannamei family fries is disclosed, namely CN102742526A [ P ] & 2012 (4) Ruan Chunxiao. A standard cultivation method of litopenaeus vannamei is disclosed in [ J ]. Sea and fishery and aquatic frontier, 2014, (7): 76-79), standard cultivation and early cultivation are strictly carried out, and the consistency of environmental conditions is kept as much as possible; early marking, and entering a common environment cultivation stage in advance; carrying out common environmental culture in the intermediate culture period; the families are cultivated and bred in a common environment, and then parent identification is carried out by adopting molecular markers (such as (5) Lv Yang. Parent identification technology of freshwater shrimps based on microsatellite markers is used for establishing and screening relevant growth sites [ D ]. Nanjing university of agriculture, 2015. (6) Dong Shirui, kong Jie, zhang Qingwen, and the like. Microsatellite typing method is used for carrying out family pedigree identification of Chinese superb shrimps [ J ]. Sea theory, chinese edition, 2006,28 (5): 157-161. (7) Peng Wei. Development and application of microsatellite markers of apostichopus japonicus [ D ]. Chinese university of sea, 2011 ]. The molecular identification method has the defects of high technical requirements, high cost and influence on the identification accuracy; the prior common environment seedling raising system, especially the common environment system in seedling raising period, has not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a seedling cultivation system and a method under the common environment of different families of aquatic animals, which are suitable for seedling cultivation, early-stage intermediate cultivation, even can replace later-stage common environment cultivation, have stable environment and improve the survival rate of seedling cultivation; each family resolution reaches 100%; the scale is adjustable, so that the space is saved; has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a seedling cultivation system under different families of aquatic livestock common environment, includes basin, breeds bucket, PVC vertical pipeline, aerifys hose, inflatable stone, heat supply tube, basin bottom be close four angles and do not be equipped with a drain respectively, basin wall upside is equipped with a water inlet, breed the bucket and be equipped with two rows, the breed bucket of each row is fixed to the basin through a PVC parallel pipeline respectively, the both ends of PVC parallel pipeline are connected on the basin, breed bucket be 0.2m apart from the basin bottom respectively, breed bucket bottom detachably install the screen silk net, breed bucket outside be connected with PVC vertical pipeline through the ring spare respectively, the upper end of vertical pipeline is equipped with the inflatable stone towards the bung hole of breeding the bucket in the PVC vertical pipeline, the inflatable stone is connected with the inflatable hose, the other end of inflatable hose stretches out and is connected with the air-blower from the lower extreme of PVC vertical pipeline, the air-blower is installed outside the basin, the heat supply tube set up in the basin water and keep suitable distance with breed bucket, heat supply tube and the boiler connection outside the basin.
The water tank is as follows: length 28m x width 1.5m x height 1m.
The radius of the bottom of the cultivation barrel is 0.5m.
The mesh size of the bolting silk net 21 can be adjusted to 10-500 meshes according to the size of bait particles.
A seedling cultivation method of aquatic animals under the common environment of different families comprises the following steps:
(1) Assembling, cleaning and sterilizing various devices of the system: except the blower and the boiler, the device comprises a water tank, culture barrels, a bolting-silk net, PVC vertical pipelines, an inflatable hose, an inflatable stone, a heat supply line pipe, PVC parallel pipelines and a circular ring piece which are all soaked or splashed by potassium permanganate solution, and then are cleaned by clean water for standby, two rows of culture barrels are placed in a single water tank, 41 are placed in each row, the two rows of culture barrels are connected by the PVC parallel pipelines, and the 500-mesh bolting-silk net is arranged at the bottom of the culture barrels;
(2) And (3) water storage: seawater enters a water tank through a water inlet after passing through a dark sedimentation tank, a foam separator and a sand filter, water is added until the water surface is 0.8m, fat water such as slaked lime, EDTA, microbial agents, shrimp slices and the like is added, then a blower is turned on to charge air so that water in a PVC vertical pipeline is continuously and slowly added into a cultivation barrel, then a boiler is heated, the pH value is kept between 7.8 and 8.4, and the water temperature is adjusted between 28 ℃ and 31 ℃;
(3) Marking the outer wall of a water tank corresponding to each cultivation barrel by using a Mark pen, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the front row, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the rear row, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the number Y01-Y41, putting fertilized eggs of prawns into corresponding cultivation barrels one by one, putting the same fertilized egg family into each cultivation barrel, controlling the putting quantity of each cultivation barrel to be equal to or less than 500g fertilized eggs, and freeing the two corresponding cultivation barrels of X41 and Y41 for standby, so that 80 different families can be cultivated simultaneously, wherein 1-40 different families are corresponding to the barrels of the numbers X01-X40, and 41-80 different families are corresponding to the barrels of the numbers Y01-Y40;
(4) The prawn nauplii stage is fed with no bait, 6 times daily, the early stage larvae have poor vigor, a small amount of water is added from a water inlet to improve the water quality, the middle and later stages are aggravated along with the pollution of pond water, water is changed through a sewage outlet, the water changing amount is gradually increased, and the feed is supplemented until the larva period begins to supplement with artemia to ensure sufficient nutrition;
(5) Culturing shrimp larvae until the body length is about 1cm, stopping heating by a boiler, randomly selecting 50 shrimp larvae in each family, keeping the shrimp larvae in a culture barrel, starting covering a layer of escape preventing net above the culture barrel, avoiding bouncing out of the shrimp larvae, feeding for 4 times per day, and changing water amount to about 60% per day;
(6) And (3) keeping 50 shrimp fries randomly selected and reserved in each family in a culture barrel for continuous culture until 150 days old, counting the culture survival rate of each family, weighing the total weight of the shrimps in each culture barrel, taking the body mass as a main selection target property (weight 60%), taking the survival rate as an auxiliary selection property (weight 40%), comprehensively selecting families entering the next step of breeding, and finally reserving 18 families with obvious advantages after selection.
A seedling cultivation method of aquatic animals under the common environment of different families comprises the following steps:
(1) Assembling, cleaning and sterilizing various devices of the system: except the blower and the boiler, the device comprises a water tank, a breeding barrel, a bolting silk net, PVC vertical pipelines, an inflatable hose, an inflatable stone, a heat supply line pipe, PVC parallel pipelines and a circular ring piece which are all soaked or splashed by potassium permanganate solution, and then are cleaned by clean water for standby, two rows of breeding barrels are placed in a single water tank, 51 breeding barrels are placed in each row, the two rows of breeding barrels are connected by the PVC parallel pipelines, and the 500-mesh bolting silk net is arranged at the bottom of the breeding barrel;
(2) And (3) water storage: seawater enters a water tank through a water inlet after passing through a dark sedimentation tank, a foam separator and a sand filter, water is added until the water surface is 0.8m, fat water such as slaked lime, EDTA, microbial agents, shrimp slices and the like is added, then a blower is turned on to charge air so that water in a PVC vertical pipeline is continuously and slowly added into a cultivation barrel, then a boiler is heated, the pH value is kept between 8.0 and 8.6, and the water temperature is adjusted between 29 ℃ and 31 ℃;
(3) Marking the outer wall of a water tank corresponding to each cultivation barrel by using a Mark pen, starting to number X01-X51 from the first cultivation barrel in the front row, starting to number Y01-Y51 from the first cultivation barrel in the rear row, putting fertilized eggs of prawns into corresponding cultivation barrels one by one, putting the same fertilized egg family into each cultivation barrel, controlling the putting quantity of each cultivation barrel to be equal to or less than 500g fertilized eggs, and freeing the two corresponding cultivation barrels of X51 and Y51 for standby, so that 100 different families can be cultivated simultaneously, wherein 1-50 different families are corresponding to barrels with numbers X01-X50, and 51-100 different families are corresponding to barrels with numbers Y01-Y50;
(4) The prawn nauplii stage is fed with no bait, 6 times daily, the early stage larvae have poor vigor, a small amount of water is added from a water inlet to improve the water quality, the middle and later stages are aggravated along with the pollution of pond water, water is changed through a sewage outlet, the water changing amount is gradually increased, and the feed is supplemented until the larva period begins to supplement with artemia to ensure sufficient nutrition;
(5) Culturing shrimp larvae until the body length is about 1cm, stopping heating by a boiler, randomly selecting 50 shrimp larvae in each family, keeping the shrimp larvae in a culture barrel, starting covering a layer of escape preventing net above the culture barrel, avoiding bouncing out of the shrimp larvae, feeding for 4 times per day, and changing water amount to about 60% per day;
(6) And (3) keeping 50 shrimp fries randomly selected from each family in a culture barrel, continuously culturing until 150 days old, counting the culture survival rate of each family, weighing the total weight of the shrimps in each culture barrel, taking the body mass as a main selection target property (weight 60%), taking the survival rate as an auxiliary selection property (weight 40%), and comprehensively selecting the families entering the next step of breeding.
In step (3): when the feces in the culture barrel are cleaned each time, the feces can be gradually transferred to the empty culture barrel of the partition wall, namely, firstly, the corresponding families in the X50 culture barrel are transferred to the empty culture barrel of X51, then the empty culture barrel of X50 is cleaned, then the corresponding families of X49 are transferred to X50, and the families in X01 are cleaned and transferred one by one according to the sequence until the families in X02 are transferred, and meanwhile, in the transferring process, the original bolting silk net in the culture barrel is replaced by the sterilized and insolated bolting silk net, so that the bolting silk net is prevented from not being replaced and larvae are hung on the bolting silk net, and the next family is mixed; the method for cleaning the excrement in the culture barrel of the Y01-Y51 can be used for cleaning the excrement in the culture barrel of the X01-X50.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has stable environment and improves the survival rate of seedling; each family resolution reaches 100%; the scale is adjustable, so that the space is saved; has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and the like; is suitable for the common environment cultivation of seedling cultivation, early middle cultivation and even the replacement of later stage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 water tank, 11 drain, 12 water inlet, 2 cultivation barrel, 21 bolting silk net, 3PVC vertical pipe, 4 air-filled hose, 5 air-filled stone, 6 heat supply line pipe, 7PVC parallel pipe and 8 ring piece.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are given for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, a seedling cultivation system under the common environment of different families of aquatic animals comprises a water tank 1, a cultivation barrel 2, PVC vertical pipelines 3, an inflatable hose 4, an inflatable stone 5 and a heat supply pipe 6, wherein a drain 11 is respectively arranged at the bottom of the water tank 1 near four corners, a water inlet 12 is arranged on the upper side of a wall of the water tank 1, the cultivation barrel 2 is provided with two rows, each row of cultivation barrels 2 is respectively fixed into the water tank 1 through one PVC parallel pipeline 7, two ends of each PVC parallel pipeline 7 are connected to the water tank 1, the cultivation barrels 2 are respectively 0.2m away from the bottom of the water tank 1, a bolting net 21 is detachably arranged at the bottom of each cultivation barrel 2, the outer sides of the cultivation barrels 2 are respectively connected and fixed with PVC vertical pipelines 3 through circular ring pieces 8, the upper ends of the PVC vertical pipelines 3 face to the barrel mouths of the cultivation barrels 2, the inflatable stone 5 is connected with the inflatable hose 4, the other ends of the inflatable stone 4 extend out from the lower ends of the PVC vertical pipelines 3 and are connected with the water tank 1, a blower 6 is arranged in the water tank 1, and the heat supply pipe 6 is arranged in the water supply pipe 6, and the water supply pipe is arranged in the water tank 1, and the water supply pipe is kept at a proper distance from the water supply pipe 6; the water tank 1 is as follows: length 28m x width 1.5m x height 1m; the radius of the bottom of the cultivation barrel 2 is 0.5m; two rows of cultivation barrels 2 are fixedly connected in the water tank 1 through PVC parallel pipelines 7, and different mesh-number of bolting-silk nets 21 can be replaced according to the sizes of different aquatic animals, so that the aquatic animals can not escape from meshes of the bolting-silk nets 21; seawater enters the water tank 1 through the water inlet 12 after passing through the dark sedimentation tank, the foam separator and the sand filter, the blower is turned on to charge air, so that water in the PVC vertical pipeline 3 is continuously and slowly added into the cultivation barrel 2 from the upper end of the PVC vertical pipeline 3, and the water in the water tank 1 is kept at a proper water temperature by the heat-burning boiler through the heat supply pipeline 6.
Further, the mesh size of the bolting silk screen 21 can be adjusted to 10-500 meshes according to the size of the bait particles.
Further, the number of cultivation tanks and the length of the water tank can be adjusted according to the number of breeding families.
Example 2: using the system constructed in example 1, for example, the cultivation of the seedlings was performed as follows:
(1) Assembling, cleaning and sterilizing various devices of the system: except the blower and the boiler, the device comprises a water tank, culture barrels, a bolting-silk net, PVC vertical pipelines, an inflatable hose, an inflatable stone, a heat supply line pipe, PVC parallel pipelines and a circular ring piece which are all soaked or splashed by potassium permanganate solution, and then are cleaned by clean water for standby, two rows of culture barrels are placed in a single water tank, 41 are placed in each row, the two rows of culture barrels are connected by the PVC parallel pipelines, and the 500-mesh bolting-silk net is arranged at the bottom of the culture barrels;
(2) And (3) water storage: seawater enters a water tank through a water inlet after passing through a dark sedimentation tank, a foam separator and a sand filter, water is added until the water surface is 0.8m, fat water such as slaked lime, EDTA, microbial agents, shrimp slices and the like is added, then a blower is turned on to charge air so that water in a PVC vertical pipeline is continuously and slowly added into a cultivation barrel, then a boiler is heated, the pH value is kept between 7.8 and 8.4, and the water temperature is adjusted between 28 ℃ and 31 ℃;
(3) Marking the outer wall of a water tank corresponding to each cultivation barrel by using a Mark pen, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the front row, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the rear row, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the number Y01-Y41, putting fertilized eggs of prawns into corresponding cultivation barrels one by one, putting the same fertilized egg family into each cultivation barrel, controlling the putting quantity of each cultivation barrel to be equal to or less than 500g fertilized eggs, and freeing the two corresponding cultivation barrels of X41 and Y41 for standby, so that 80 different families can be cultivated simultaneously, wherein 1-40 different families are corresponding to the barrels of the numbers X01-X40, and 41-80 different families are corresponding to the barrels of the numbers Y01-Y40;
(4) The prawn nauplii stage is fed with no bait, 6 times daily, the early stage larvae have poor vigor, a small amount of water is added from a water inlet to improve the water quality, the middle and later stages are aggravated along with the pollution of pond water, water is changed through a sewage outlet, the water changing amount is gradually increased, and the feed is supplemented until the larva period begins to supplement with artemia to ensure sufficient nutrition;
(5) Culturing shrimp larvae until the body length is about 1cm, stopping heating by a boiler, randomly selecting 50 shrimp larvae in each family, keeping the shrimp larvae in a culture barrel, starting covering a layer of escape preventing net above the culture barrel, avoiding bouncing out of the shrimp larvae, feeding for 4 times per day, and changing water amount to about 60% per day;
(6) And (3) keeping 50 shrimp fries randomly selected from each family in a culture barrel, continuously culturing until 150 days old, counting the culture survival rate of each family, weighing the total weight of the shrimps in each culture barrel, taking the body mass as a main selection target property (weight 60%), taking the survival rate as an auxiliary selection property (weight 40%), and comprehensively selecting the families entering the next step of breeding.
18 dominant families were eventually retained by selection.
Example 3: using the system constructed in example 1, for example, the cultivation of the seedlings was performed as follows:
(1) Assembling, cleaning and sterilizing various devices of the system: except the blower and the boiler, the device comprises a water tank, a breeding barrel, a bolting silk net, PVC vertical pipelines, an inflatable hose, an inflatable stone, a heat supply line pipe, PVC parallel pipelines and a circular ring piece which are all soaked or splashed by potassium permanganate solution, and then are cleaned by clean water for standby, two rows of breeding barrels are placed in a single water tank, 51 breeding barrels are placed in each row, the two rows of breeding barrels are connected by the PVC parallel pipelines, and the 500-mesh bolting silk net is arranged at the bottom of the breeding barrel;
(2) And (3) water storage: seawater enters a water tank through a water inlet after passing through a dark sedimentation tank, a foam separator and a sand filter, water is added until the water surface is 0.8m, fat water such as slaked lime, EDTA, microbial agents, shrimp slices and the like is added, then a blower is turned on to charge air so that water in a PVC vertical pipeline is continuously and slowly added into a cultivation barrel, then a boiler is heated, the pH value is kept between 8.0 and 8.6, and the water temperature is adjusted between 29 ℃ and 31 ℃;
(3) Marking the outer wall of a water tank corresponding to each cultivation barrel by using a Mark pen, starting to number X01-X51 from the first cultivation barrel in the front row, starting to number Y01-Y51 from the first cultivation barrel in the rear row, putting fertilized eggs of prawns into corresponding cultivation barrels one by one, putting the same fertilized egg family into each cultivation barrel, controlling the putting quantity of each cultivation barrel to be equal to or less than 500g fertilized eggs, and freeing the two corresponding cultivation barrels of X51 and Y51 for standby, so that 100 different families can be cultivated simultaneously, wherein 1-50 different families are corresponding to barrels with numbers X01-X50, and 51-100 different families are corresponding to barrels with numbers Y01-Y50;
(4) The prawn nauplii stage is fed with no bait, 6 times daily, the early stage larvae have poor vigor, a small amount of water is added from a water inlet to improve the water quality, the middle and later stages are aggravated along with the pollution of pond water, water is changed through a sewage outlet, the water changing amount is gradually increased, and the feed is supplemented until the larva period begins to supplement with artemia to ensure sufficient nutrition;
(5) Culturing shrimp larvae until the body length is about 1cm, stopping heating by a boiler, randomly selecting 50 shrimp larvae in each family, keeping the shrimp larvae in a culture barrel, starting covering a layer of escape preventing net above the culture barrel, avoiding bouncing out of the shrimp larvae, feeding for 4 times per day, and changing water amount to about 60% per day;
(6) And (3) keeping 50 shrimp fries randomly selected from each family in a culture barrel, continuously culturing until 150 days old, counting the culture survival rate of each family, weighing the total weight of the shrimps in each culture barrel, taking the body mass as a main selection target property (weight 60%), taking the survival rate as an auxiliary selection property (weight 40%), and comprehensively selecting the families entering the next step of breeding.
Further, when the feces in the culture barrel are cleaned each time, the feces can be gradually transferred to the empty culture barrel of the partition wall, namely, firstly, the corresponding families in the X50 culture barrel are transferred to the empty culture barrel of X51, then the empty culture barrel of X50 is cleaned, then the corresponding families of X49 are transferred to X50, and the families in X01 are cleaned and transferred one by one according to the sequence until the families in X02 are transferred, and meanwhile, in the transferring process, the original bolting silk net in the culture barrel is replaced by the sterilized and insolated bolting silk net, so that the bolting silk net is prevented from being not replaced and larvae are hung on the bolting silk net, and the next family is prevented from being mixed; the method for cleaning the excrement in the culture barrel of the Y01-Y51 can be used for cleaning the excrement in the culture barrel of the X01-X50.
Further, when 50 prawns are selected and reserved in the cultivation barrel, a layer of escape preventing net is covered above the cultivation barrel, and the prawns are prevented from bouncing out.
The invention is not limited to the specific forms disclosed above, but it should be understood that modifications and substitutions of the technical solution of the invention will not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution by those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. The seedling cultivation method of the aquatic animals under the common environments of different families is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Assembling, cleaning and sterilizing various devices of the system: the method comprises the steps of soaking or splashing a blower, a boiler, a water tank, culture barrels, a bolting silk net, PVC vertical pipelines, an inflatable hose, an inflatable stone, a heat supply line pipe, PVC parallel pipelines and a circular ring piece with potassium permanganate solution, cleaning with clean water for later use, placing two rows of culture barrels in a single water tank, placing 41 culture barrels in each row, connecting the culture barrels with the PVC parallel pipelines, and mounting 500-mesh bolting silk net at the bottom of the culture barrels;
(2) And (3) water storage: seawater enters a water tank through a water inlet after passing through a dark sedimentation tank, a foam separator and a sand filter, water is added until the water surface is 0.8m, then slaked lime, EDTA, a microbial preparation and shrimp slices are added, then a blower is turned on to charge air so that the water in a PVC vertical pipeline is continuously and slowly added into a cultivation barrel, then a heat boiler is burned, the pH value is kept between 7.8 and 8.4, and the water temperature is adjusted between 28 and 31 ℃;
(3) Marking the outer wall of a water tank corresponding to each cultivation barrel by using a Mark pen, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the front row, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the rear row, starting from the first cultivation barrel in the number Y01-Y41, putting fertilized eggs of prawns into corresponding cultivation barrels one by one, putting the same fertilized egg family into each cultivation barrel, controlling the putting quantity of each cultivation barrel to be equal to or less than 500g fertilized eggs, and freeing the two corresponding cultivation barrels of X41 and Y41 for standby, so that 80 different families can be cultivated simultaneously, wherein 1-40 different families are corresponding to the barrels of the numbers X01-X40, and 41-80 different families are corresponding to the barrels of the numbers Y01-Y40;
(4) The prawn nauplii stage is fed with no bait, 6 times daily, the early stage larvae have poor vigor, a small amount of water is added from a water inlet to improve the water quality, the middle and later stages are aggravated along with the pollution of pond water, water is changed through a sewage outlet, the water changing amount is gradually increased, and the feed is supplemented until the larva period begins to supplement with artemia to ensure sufficient nutrition;
(5) Culturing shrimp larvae until the body length is 1cm, stopping heating by a boiler, randomly selecting 50 shrimp larvae per family, leaving the shrimp larvae in a culture barrel, covering a layer of escape preventing net above the culture barrel, avoiding bouncing out of the shrimp larvae, feeding for 4 times per day, and changing water amount to 60% per day;
(6) And (3) keeping 50 shrimp fries randomly selected and reserved in each family in a culture barrel for continuous culture until 150 days old, counting the culture survival rate of each family, weighing the total weight of the shrimps in each culture barrel, taking the body mass as a main selection target property weight of 60%, and the survival rate as an auxiliary selection property weight of 40%, comprehensively selecting the families entering the next breeding step, and finally retaining 18 families with obvious advantages after selection.
2. The seedling cultivation method of the aquatic animals under the common environments of different families is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Assembling, cleaning and sterilizing various devices of the system: the method comprises the steps of soaking or splashing a blower, a boiler, a water tank, culture barrels, a bolting silk net, PVC vertical pipelines, an inflatable hose, inflatable stones, a heat supply line pipe, PVC parallel pipelines and a circular ring piece with potassium permanganate solution, cleaning with clean water for later use, placing two rows of culture barrels in a single water tank, placing 51 culture barrels in each row, connecting the culture barrels with the PVC parallel pipelines, and mounting 500-mesh bolting silk net at the bottom of the culture barrels;
(2) And (3) water storage: seawater enters a water tank through a water inlet after passing through a dark sedimentation tank, a foam separator and a sand filter, water is added until the water surface is 0.8m, then slaked lime, EDTA, a microbial preparation and shrimp slices are added, then a blower is turned on to charge air so that the water in a PVC vertical pipeline is continuously and slowly added into a cultivation barrel, then a heat boiler is burned, the pH value is kept between 8.0 and 8.6, and the water temperature is adjusted between 29 and 31 ℃;
(3) Marking the outer wall of a water tank corresponding to each cultivation barrel by using a Mark pen, starting to number X01-X51 from the first cultivation barrel in the front row, starting to number Y01-Y51 from the first cultivation barrel in the rear row, putting fertilized eggs of prawns into corresponding cultivation barrels one by one, putting the same fertilized egg family into each cultivation barrel, controlling the putting quantity of each cultivation barrel to be equal to or less than 500g fertilized eggs, and freeing the two corresponding cultivation barrels of X51 and Y51 for standby, so that 100 different families can be cultivated simultaneously, wherein 1-50 different families are corresponding to barrels with numbers X01-X50, and 51-100 different families are corresponding to barrels with numbers Y01-Y50;
(4) The prawn nauplii stage is fed with no bait, 6 times daily, the early stage larvae have poor vigor, a small amount of water is added from a water inlet to improve the water quality, the middle and later stages are aggravated along with the pollution of pond water, water is changed through a sewage outlet, the water changing amount is gradually increased, and the feed is supplemented until the larva period begins to supplement with artemia to ensure sufficient nutrition;
(5) Culturing shrimp larvae until the body length is 1cm, stopping heating by a boiler, randomly selecting 50 shrimp larvae per family, leaving the shrimp larvae in a culture barrel, covering a layer of escape preventing net above the culture barrel, avoiding bouncing out of the shrimp larvae, feeding for 4 times per day, and changing water amount to 60% per day;
(6) And (3) keeping 50 shrimp fries randomly selected and reserved in each family in a culture barrel, continuously culturing for 150 days, counting the culture survival rate of each family, weighing the total weight of the shrimps in each culture barrel, taking the body mass as a main selection target property weight of 60%, and comprehensively selecting the family entering the next breeding by taking the survival rate as an auxiliary selection property weight of 40%.
3. The method for cultivating seedlings in a common environment of different families of aquatic animals according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3): when the excrement is cleaned in the culture barrel, the excrement can be gradually transferred to the empty culture barrel of the partition wall, namely, firstly, the corresponding families in the X50 culture barrel are transferred to the empty culture barrel of X51, then the empty culture barrel of X50 is cleaned, then the corresponding families of X49 are transferred to X50, and the families in X01 are cleaned and transferred one by one according to the sequence until the families in X02 are transferred, and meanwhile, in the transferring process, the original bolting silk net in the culture barrel is replaced by the sterilized and insolated bolting silk net, so that the bolting silk net is prevented from being not replaced and larvae are hung on the bolting silk net, and the next family is prevented from being mixed; the method for cleaning the excrement in the culture barrel of the Y01-Y51 can be used for cleaning the excrement in the culture barrel of the X01-X50.
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