CN109562483A - 超声波焊接装置 - Google Patents

超声波焊接装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109562483A
CN109562483A CN201780043778.2A CN201780043778A CN109562483A CN 109562483 A CN109562483 A CN 109562483A CN 201780043778 A CN201780043778 A CN 201780043778A CN 109562483 A CN109562483 A CN 109562483A
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supersonic generator
outer tube
head
welded
forced air
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CN109562483B (zh
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卡勒斯·维拉·诺莉亚
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
    • B29C65/607—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being hollow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • B23K20/106—Features related to sonotrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B88/00—Drawers for tables, cabinets or like furniture; Guides for drawers
    • A47B88/90—Constructional details of drawers
    • A47B88/944—Drawers characterised by the front panel
    • A47B88/95—Drawers characterised by the front panel characterised by connection means for the front panel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
    • B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/349—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B29C66/81812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws the welding jaws being cooled from the outside, e.g. by blowing a gas or spraying a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by using stops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B12/00—Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior
    • F16B12/10—Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior using pegs, bolts, tenons, clamps, clips, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种超声波焊接装置，该超声波焊接装置包括固定在助力器(12)上的超声波发生器(1)，助力器(12)又被固定到在其上固定有头部(2)的转换器(13)上，其特征在于包括围绕超声波发生器(1)设置的外套管(3)，超声波发生器(1)和外套管(3)一起限定用于加压空气的循环的环形腔室(4)，环形腔室(4)在其前端(31)中具有锯齿状开口，用于输出加压空气并冷却超声波发生器(1)，其中所述外套管(3)在头部(2)上具有可轴向移动的后部(32)，在紧邻焊接区域的周边区域中形成压板，在超声波发生器(1)的末端(11)与所述待焊接零件接触之前，该压板‑由于可压缩装置(51)的作用‑对待焊接零件(P1，P2)施加压力。

Description

超声波焊接装置
发明对象
本发明涉及一种超声波焊接装置，特别是用于焊接塑料零件的装置。该装置由超声波发生器、助力器和转换器组成，适用于连接到搬运装置、作动器或机械臂，将其移至焊点进行焊接操作，该装置还与一个固定和冷却头连接。
本发明主要提供了一种装置，该装置配有适当的装置，在非常靠近焊点的周边区域向待焊接零件施加正面压力，以便消除零件之间多余的间隙；并且在零件形成后，还可以有效冷却超声波发生器和焊缝。
技术领域
本发明适用于超声波焊接塑料
背景技术
汽车等多个行业通常用超声波焊接塑料；其中一个待连接的零件具有一组钻孔，穿过这些孔的螺柱位于第二个零件上。焊接前，将这两个待焊接零件重叠在一起。进行焊接操作时，超声波发生器相对于中空塑料螺柱沿轴向移动，使塑料熔化并压缩，在第一个零件上形成螺柱头或铆钉，以免任一零件松动掉落。
配备多个点焊超声波发生器的盒式焊机用于同时进行多个焊接，且焊缝构造完全相同。
更换待焊接零件需要更改模型，并为每个模型重新配置焊机。
本发明也被称为更为灵活的超声波焊接装置，具有机械臂，只需修改坐标即可更改模型。
在使用该焊接装置时，通常会出现以下两个问题：
·第一个问题是超声波发生器和焊缝的适当冷却问题，即其效率问题；
·第二个问题是待连接零件的正确定位问题，以免零件之间出现多余的间隙。
对于第一个问题，即超声波发生器冷却问题，共有以下几个先例可供借鉴：
专利US3438428描述了一种将振动工具保持在受控温度的方法。为实现该方法，通过超声波发生器将此类振动工具用于焊接塑料。为了进行上述温度控制，在超声波发生器中安装了一根管道，冷却液外部循环回路的进液口和出液口与该管道连接。
专利US6691909涉及一种以超声波焊接加工零件的装置和方法，可降低超声波焊接过程中超声波发生器的附着力。文件US6691909还提出了一种用于超声波发生器的内部冷却系统，与US3438428中提出的系统类似。
文件EP1000732描述了一种利用超声波焊接树脂固定元件的装置，还提出了形成一条空气通道，该通道位于超声波发生器的某一部分，其中一个用途是注入空气，用于冷却焊接区域。
上述先例存在一些缺点：通过超声波发生器内部管道的空气发生投射，可使熔融材料出现气泡或长丝，从而导致焊缝存在缺陷；另外，这种投射并非特别有效，因为超声波发生器在熔融材料上向前移动会使熔融塑料堵塞内孔，阻碍了超声波发生器内部的空气循环以及空气从末端或前端排出，同时极度升高了超声波发生器的温度。
对于第二个问题，即待焊接零件的定位问题，众所周知的解决方案是使用与焊接装置分离的外部搬运装置将零件固定在较为远离焊接区域的区域中
这种方法经常导致(特别是在待焊接零件之间存在某种材料，例如内衬的情况下)两个零件在焊接区域中无法充分结合在一起，使得零件之间未固定在一起，而是存在多余的间隙或凹槽，制造商有时无法接受这种情况。
申请人不知道已经存在能够同时妥善解决这两个暴露问题(即超声波发生器冷却或零件在焊接区域中的正确定位，以免零件之间留下间隙或凹槽)的超声波焊接装置。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种超声波焊接装置，由超声波发生器、超声波转换器和助力器组成，适用于连接到搬运装置或机械臂，该装置还与一个用于进行冷却的固定器连接，其特征是非常适合解决所暴露的问题，特别是可以在非常靠近焊点的周边区域对待焊接零件施加正面压力，以便消除零件之间多余的间隙；并通过其外表面有效冷却超声波发生器，确保在焊接过程中，加压空气向焊接区域循环。
为此，根据本发明，该装置由围绕超声波发生器安装的外套管组成，该外套管与超声波发生器一起界定用于加压空气循环的环形腔室部分，该部分通过头部的内腔与加压空气的进气口连接，该部分上方具有一个环形锯齿状开口，作为加压空气的出气口并用于超声波发生器的外围冷却。
所述外套管的后部安装在该装置的头部上，可以在以下位置之间进行轴向运动：-向前运动位置，其中，套管前端相对于超声波发生器的末端向前突出；构成一个固定器，在超声波发生器向待焊接零件移动时以及超声波发生器末端与待焊接零件接触之前，在靠近焊点的周边区域，通过压缩装置对待焊接零件施加可配置的压力，以及-向后运动位置，其中，通过焊接操作期间超声波发生器的向前运动来确定该位置，同时，套管前端不断按压待焊接零件，并且在此向后运动位置时，套管前端处于共面位置，或者位于特别靠近超声波发生器末端的平面中。
凭借上述特征，在焊接开始之前和整个焊接过程中，它可以使套管前端在靠近焊接区域的周边区域对待焊接零件施加可配置的压力，因此保证了零件能够正确定位，防止零件之间出现凹槽或多余的间隙。
在本发明中，加压空气还可用于对超声波发生器进行外部冷却，通过环形腔室循环并通过套管的前开口排出，即使在焊接操作过程中也不受影响，这是因为套管前开口呈锯齿状结构，可防止熔融塑料堵塞压缩空气的出口，这与上述先例中以超声波发生器上的中心孔作为出口的结构恰恰相反。
加压冷却空气对这种焊接的进行具有额外的有益效果：在焊接后取下超声波发生器时，该压缩空气可冷却焊点上的熔融塑料，使熔融材料凝固，从而无需拉动熔融材料即可取下超声波发生器，因此，焊缝不会变形和/或强度减弱，从而省去了通常用于等待熔融塑料凝固的时间，无需进行制冷，以便能够在避免出现焊缝变形的麻烦的情况下取下超声波发生器。该效果所带来的结果是，可以更短的时间间隔进行焊接；也就是说，单位吞吐量得到了提高。
另外，施加在零件上的压力在超声波发生器向后运动时始终有效，从而防止在用加压空气冷却焊缝时零件出现分离。
通过该装置的内腔循环加压空气的另一个优点是，气压本身可使套管相对于机械引导元件沿径向进行自定心，从而尽可能减小两者之间因机械摩擦引起的磨损，因为只有在出现极端径向力的情况下才会发生磨损。
附图说明
本说明书附有一组附图，以不受限制的说明性质呈现，旨在补充说明书的内容以及便于理解本发明的特征，附图内容如下：
-图1为本发明中超声波焊接装置实施例的横截面俯视图，其处于非工作位置，并且在该图中可看到套管处于向前运动位置。
-与上图类似，图2为推压冷却头，其中，超声波焊接元件已被拆下。
-图3为图1中处于工作位置的超声波焊接装置的横截面俯视图，其中套管处于向后运动位置。
-图4和图5为本发明装置在两个塑料零件焊接过程的不同阶段的正面详图。
具体实施方式
作为实施例，图1和图3所示的超声波焊接装置由超声波发生器(1)组成，其中，该超声波发生器通过其后部区域与助力器(12)连接，然后与转换器(13)连接，该装置适用于连接到负责使其发生运动的作动器、搬运装置或机械臂，并且该装置还与头部(2)连接。
该装置由围绕超声波发生器(1)安装的外套管(3)组成，该外套管与超声波发生器一起界定用于加压空气循环的环形腔室(4)，该环形腔室通过内腔(23)与头部(2)中的加压空气进气口(21)连接；外套管(3)的前端(31)具有一个锯齿状开口，作为超声波发生器(1)末端(11)周围加压空气的出口并用于该超声波发生器(1)的外围冷却。
外套管(3)的后部(32)安装在头部(2)上，可在图1所示的向前运动位置与图3所示的向后运动位置之间进行轴向运动。
套管(3)处于向前运动位置时，前端(31)相对于超声波发生器(1)的末端(11)向前突出，而处于向后运动位置时，套管的前端(31)处于共面位置，或者位于十分靠近超声波发生器(1)末端(11)的平面中。
该装置由外部与套管(3)的中间区域连接的支撑件(5)组成，该支撑件与该套管(3)一起相对于头部(2)在上述向前和向后运动位置之间移动。
该装置由可压缩装置(51)组成，在该实施例中以一些螺旋弹簧表示，所述螺旋弹簧作用在支撑件(5)上，用于在向前运动位置时对支撑件进行固定，与固定在头部(2)上的机械止动件(22)连接，用于限制支撑件(5)在向后运动位置时向前移动，如图1所示。
外套管(3)的后部(32)位于头部(2)的腔室(23)内，该腔室通过穿孔圆柱形衬套(6)与安装在上述头部(2)上的横向加压空气进气口(21)连通；该套管后部(32)由锯齿状背面(33)和一些径向孔(34)组成，用于使加压空气从头部(2)的腔室(23)向外套管(3)与超声波发生器(1)之间的环形腔室(4)流通，无论该外套管(3)的大致向前运动位置如何。
穿孔圆柱形衬套(6)位于头部(2)腔室(23)中的外围基座(24)内，并通过固定在头部(2)上的固定件(7)固定在该外围基座(24)内，具有垫圈(71)，该垫圈作用在移动支撑件(5)上，防止加压空气通过支撑件(5)与头部(2)之间的空间泄漏。
图4和图5显示了该装置在沿轴向运行时的两个位置及两个塑料零件(P1,P2)的焊接，这两个塑料零件轻松叠加在一起，并且分别设有一个螺柱(T)和一个孔(O)，以便螺柱(T)通过该孔。
如图4所示，在超声波发生器(1)向待焊接零件(P1,P2)移动时，在超声波发生器(1)的末端(11)与待焊接零件接触之前，套管(3)向前突出，其前端(31)形成了一个推杆，通过可压缩装置(51)的作用，在靠近焊缝的周边区域向待焊接零件(P1,P2)施加可配置的压力，将零件固定在合适位置，并防止零件之间出现任何间隙或凹槽。
如图5所示，在该装置沿轴向向前运动时，超声波发生器末端(11)作用在螺柱(T)上进行焊接；套管的前端(31)将待焊接零件(P1,P2)压在一起，到达向后运动位置(根据超声波发生器(1)的向前运动精确确定该位置)。
焊接过程中，套管(3)相对于超声波发生器(1)向后运动，使可压缩装置(51)发生压缩，以便使其保持在之前的位置。
本说明书已充分描述了本发明的性质以及首选实施方式的实例，须说明的是，我们可能会酌情对所述元件的材料、形状、尺寸和布局进行修改，但这并不意味着下文所述的本发明的基本特征也发生改变。

Claims (5)

1.一种超声波焊接装置；由超声波发生器(1)组成，其中，该超声波发生器通过其后部与助力器(12)连接，然后与转换器(13)连接，该装置适用于连接到负责使其发生运动的作动器、搬运装置或机械臂，并且该装置还与头部(2)连接；其特征在于，由以下部件组成：围绕超声波发生器(1)安装的外套管(3)，该外套管与超声波发生器(1)一起界定用于加压空气循环的环形腔室(4)，该环形腔室通过腔室(23)与加压空气进气口(21)连接，该外套管具有锯齿状后端(31)，作为加压空气的出气口并用于超声波发生器(1)的外围冷却；上述外套管(3)的后部(32)安装在头部(2)内，可在以下位置之间进行轴向位移：-向前运动位置，其中，外套管(3)的前端(31)相对于超声波发生器(1)的末端(11)向前突出；形成一个推杆，在超声波发生器(1)向待焊接零件移动时以及在超声波发生器(1)的末端(11)与上述待焊接零件接触之前，通过一些可压缩装置(51)的作用，在靠近焊缝的周边区域向待焊接零件(P1,P2)施加可配置的压力，以及-向后运动位置，其中，通过焊接过程中超声波发生器(1)的向前运动来确定该位置，同时，外套管(3)的前端(31)使待焊接零件(P1,P2)压在一起，对其进行焊接，并且在此向后运动位置时，外套管(3)的前端(31)以共面形式安装，或者位于十分靠近超声波发生器(1)末端(11)的平面中。
2.权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，外套管(3)的后部(32)位于头部(2)的腔室(23)内，该腔室通过穿孔圆柱形衬套(6)与安装在上述头部(2)上的横向加压空气进气口(21)连通；该外套管(3)的后部(32)由锯齿状背面(33)和一些径向孔(34)组成，用于使加压空气从头部(2)的腔室(23)向外套管(3)与超声波发生器(1)之间的环形腔室(4)流通。
3.权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，穿孔圆柱形衬套(6)位于头部(2)腔室(23)中的外围基座(24)内，并通过固定件(7)与该外围基座连接。
4.权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，固定件(7)包含密封垫圈(71)，该密封垫圈作用在滑动支撑件(5)上，可防止加压空气通过支撑件(5)与头部(2)之间的空间泄漏至外部。
5.权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，由以下部件组成：支撑件(5)，其外部与外套管(3)的中间区域连接，并且该支撑件与上述外套管(3)一起在向前和向后运动位置之间移动；一些可压缩装置(51)，作用在头部(2)上，用于在向前运动位置时对其进行固定，以及机械止动件(22)，用于限制支撑件(5)在向前运动位置时向前运动。
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