CN109557128B - Simulation test box for freezing construction - Google Patents
Simulation test box for freezing construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN109557128B CN109557128B CN201811500587.7A CN201811500587A CN109557128B CN 109557128 B CN109557128 B CN 109557128B CN 201811500587 A CN201811500587 A CN 201811500587A CN 109557128 B CN109557128 B CN 109557128B
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
- G01N25/145—Accessories, e.g. cooling devices
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation test box for freezing method construction, which comprises a grid frame, baffles and a reaction frame, wherein the grid frame is connected by high-strength bolts to form a hexahedral frame, and six baffles are embedded in the inner wall of the hexahedral frame; at least one baffle plate is provided with a perforation of a pipeline; the reaction frame is a quadrilateral square frame, two adjacent sides of the inner frame of the reaction frame are provided with jacks, the other side is provided with a reaction bar, the jacks and the reaction bar penetrate through the baffle plate to be connected with the pressure plate, and the fourth side of the reaction frame abuts against one surface of the hexahedral frame; freezing pipes are arranged in the inner cavity of the box body, seepage water pipes are pre-buried in the freezing pipes, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on a baffle of a seepage water outlet. The invention has the advantages that: under the coupling action of multiple factors such as load, seepage, excavation disturbance and the like, the influence of the whole freezing method construction process on a stratum temperature field, a displacement field, a water field and a soil-water pressure field can be quantitatively evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, and particularly relates to a simulation test box for freezing method construction.
Background
The freezing method construction technology originates from the 60 th century in 19 th century, the freezing method is firstly used in the foundation construction of south Wales in 1862 England, and is gradually mature after development for over a century, the freezing method construction technology is introduced in 1955 in China and successfully applied in the development of 28390forest West wind wells, and the freezing method is gradually popularized, and is an effective means for penetrating high water-rich strata in vertical wells, inclined wells and level drift of mines.
In order to solve the problem, large and medium cities in China actively develop and utilize urban underground spaces, construct underground commercial complexes, underground garages, underground pipe galleries, subways and other underground building structures, and develop and utilize the urban underground spaces to become a new direction for urban development at present; in the construction of underground building structures, unfavorable geology such as high water-rich gravel, soft soil and the like is often encountered, and if the relation between the unfavorable engineering construction and the unfavorable geologic body is treated in the construction process, very serious engineering accidents can occur.
The freezing method construction is applied to urban underground engineering construction more and more in recent years due to the fact that soil body reinforcing strength is high, water stopping performance is good, and ground fields are not occupied. In the freezing method construction process of underground engineering in mines, tunnels and cities, the distribution of a freezing temperature field in the stratum, the change of a stratum displacement field in the freezing and melting processes, the distribution condition of water in the stratum and the change of the earth water pressure in the whole freezing construction process are control factors for determining the freezing method construction safety, and the problems need to be found out before the freezing method design and construction. However, most of the current research results qualitatively describe the problem, and it is difficult to quantify the distribution change rule of the formation temperature field, the displacement field, the water field and the soil water pressure field in the whole process of freezing method construction. In order to solve the problem of freezing method construction quantification, two solutions exist at present: the method has the advantages that firstly, the field test is high in reliability and accurate in data, but the test cost is huge, time is wasted, and labor is wasted; model test, model test system has gained relatively fast development in recent years, but the technology is still immature at present, for example: the existing model test device only considers a single factor or a few factors, and is difficult to simulate the whole freezing construction process under multiple factors and complex working conditions on site.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a simulation test box for freezing construction, which can simulate the influence of the whole freezing method construction process on the stratum under the coupling action of factors such as confining pressure, seepage, excavation disturbance and the like, and can measure the temperature field, the displacement field, the water field and the soil water pressure field of the stratum in real time.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a simulation test box for freezing construction, which comprises a grid frame, baffles and a reaction frame, wherein the grid frame is connected through high-strength bolts to form a hexahedral frame, and six baffles are embedded in the inner wall of the hexahedral frame; at least one baffle plate is provided with a perforation of a pipeline; the reaction frame is a quadrilateral square frame, two adjacent sides of the inner frame of the reaction frame are provided with jacks, the other side is provided with a reaction bar, the jacks and the reaction bar penetrate through the baffle plate to be connected with the pressure plate, and the fourth side of the reaction frame abuts against one surface of the hexahedral frame; freezing pipes are arranged in the inner cavity of the box body, seepage water pipes are pre-buried in the freezing pipes, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on a baffle of a seepage water outlet.
External force provides pressure in two directions for the simulation test box through the reaction frame, the seepage device applies a seepage field for the sample, cold energy is inserted into the sample through the freezing pipe, a temperature field is applied to the sample, and the sample is frozen. The test sensor is buried in the sample, and the change rule of the temperature field, the moisture field, the displacement field and the soil water pressure field of the sample is tested in real time.
The invention has the technical effects that: under the coupling action of multiple factors such as load, seepage, excavation disturbance and the like, the influence of the whole freezing method construction process on a stratum temperature field, a displacement field, a water field and a soil-water pressure field can be quantitatively evaluated, and the problem that the influence of the whole freezing construction process on the stratum under the field multiple factors and the complex working condition is difficult to simulate because only a single factor or a few factors are considered in the conventional freezing method model test is solved.
The method considers the influence of the whole freezing method construction process on the stratum under the multi-factor coupling action of the construction site, can be applied to the simulation of the freezing method construction (horizontally placing the reaction frame) of the mine vertical shaft and the inclined shaft, can also simulate the freezing method construction (vertically placing the reaction frame) of a gallery, a mountain tunnel and an urban subway, quantitatively evaluates the influence of the freezing method construction (confining pressure, seepage flow and excavation disturbance) on the stratum temperature field, the displacement field, the water field and the soil-water pressure field under the multi-factor coupling action, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
The drawings of the invention are illustrated as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reaction frame;
FIG. 3 is a cutaway view of the reaction frame;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a freezing tube;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the construction of the seepage apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a connection diagram of the cooling fluid circulation device and the simulation test chamber.
In the figure: 1. a grid frame; 2. a baffle plate; 3. a reaction frame; 31. a jack; 32. a counter-force bar; 33. a pressure plate; 4. a freezing pipe; 41. an inner tube; 42. an outer tube; 5. a seepage device; 51. a water tank; 52. lifting plate 53, pressure gauge; 7. A refrigeration device; 8. a circulation device; 81. a refrigerating fluid circulating pump; 82. a first liquid collection pipe; 83. a flow port; 84. and a second header pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention comprises a grid frame 1, baffles 2 and a reaction frame 3, wherein the grid frame 1 is connected by high-strength bolts to form a hexahedral frame, and six baffles 2 are embedded in the inner wall of the hexahedral frame; at least one baffle 2 is provided with a perforation of a pipeline; the reaction frame 3 is a quadrilateral square frame, two adjacent sides of the inner frame of the reaction frame 3 are provided with jacks 31, the other side is provided with a reaction bar 32, the jacks 31 and the reaction bar 32 penetrate through the baffle 2 to be connected with a pressure plate 33, and the fourth side of the reaction frame 3 abuts against one surface of the hexahedral frame; the freezing pipes 4 are arranged in the inner cavity of the box body, seepage water pipes are pre-buried in the freezing pipes, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on a baffle of a seepage water outlet.
The hexahedral frame is flexibly disassembled and assembled according to actual needs, and the baffle 2 is made of toughened glass, so that the influence of the excavation process on the stratum in the freezing method construction process can be simulated due to the large volume of the device. When the freezing method construction simulation of the vertical shaft and the inclined shaft of the mine is carried out, firstly, the reaction frame is horizontally placed on the ground, then, the simulation test box is placed, the hydraulic jack is installed, the pressure plate is installed in the simulation test box, and finally, soil is filled according to the test requirements. When the freezing method simulation of the tunnel and the urban subway is carried out, the reaction frame is vertically placed, then the simulation test box is placed, the hydraulic jack is installed, the pressure plate is installed inside the simulation test box, and finally soil is filled according to the test requirements.
The experiment process is illustrated by taking the urban subway freezing method simulation as an example: firstly, vertically placing a reaction frame, then placing a simulation test box, installing a hydraulic jack, installing a pressure plate inside the simulation test box, finally loading soil according to test requirements (determining the number of soil layers and soil layer properties according to on-site actual land survey data), embedding a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a displacement sensor and a water and soil pressure sensor at a designed position in the soil filling process, and externally connecting a sensor outgoing line with a data acquisition instrument; applying a seepage field at a designed position after the sample is filled, wherein the application process is as follows:
continuously adding water into the water tank 51 through the external water pipe, after the water tank is full of water, the water overflows outwards from the notch of the lifting plate 52 (the lifting plate 52 can move up and down in the clamping groove in the wall of the water tank, so that the height of the liquid level in the water tank is changed, and the flow rate of the water in the water outlet of the water tank is changed), so that the liquid level in the water tank is constant, a stable water head is obtained, a seepage water pipe is connected to the water outlet of the water tank 51, the other end of the seepage water pipe is buried at the designed position of a soil sample (the position of a water-containing layer is determined according to geological survey data), so that the seepage of the water in the stratum is simulated, a flow meter is connected to the pipeline connected with the seepage water pipe to monitor the flow rate of the water in real.
Applying pressure to the sample according to design requirements, and controlling the jack in real time through a computer; drilling holes at a designed position according to a freezing method construction scheme to embed freezing pipes, starting a refrigerating fluid circulating device after the freezing pipes are embedded, reducing the temperature of a sample by refrigerating fluid through the freezing pipes, and actively freezing the sample; excavating a tunnel at a design position after the active freezing is finished, and leading the freezing construction to enter a passive freezing stage; excavating and lining with a supporting structure made of organic glass until the excavation is finished; under the coupling action of multiple factors of load, seepage and excavation disturbance, the data acquisition instrument records the data of formation temperature, displacement, moisture and soil water pressure in the whole process of the freezing method construction.
As shown in fig. 3, the reaction frame 3 is a frame with wing plates, and comprises an upper plate i, a lower plate v, a left plate ii, a middle plate iii, a right plate iv, a right wing plate vi and a left wing plate vii, wherein the left plate ii, the middle plate iii and the right plate iv are clamped between the upper plate i and the lower plate v along a cross beam, the left wing plate vii is installed on the outer side of the left plate ii, and the right wing plate vi is installed on the outer side of the right plate iv. Through structural mechanics calculation, the reaction frame has larger reaction force and generates smaller deflection deformation.
As shown in fig. 4, the freezing pipe 4 is mainly composed of an inner pipe 41 and an outer pipe 42, wherein the freezing liquid flows in from an inner pipe orifice, and the bottom orifice of the inner pipe overflows into the gap of the outer pipe and flows out from a drainage orifice of the outer pipe.
As shown in fig. 5, the seepage device 5 mainly comprises a water tank 51, a lifting plate 52 and a pressure device 53, wherein the lifting plate 52 moves up and down in a clamping groove in the inner part of the wall of the water tank, the lifting plate 52 is fixed by the pressure device 53, water is continuously added into the water tank 51 through an external water pipe, after the water tank is full, the water overflows outwards from the notch of the lifting plate 52 (the lifting plate 52 can move up and down in the clamping groove in the inner part of the wall of the water tank so as to change the height of the liquid level in the water tank and change the flow rate of the water in the water outlet of the water tank), the liquid level in the water tank is constantly kept to obtain a stable water head, a seepage water pipe is connected to the water outlet of the water tank 51, the other end of the seepage water pipe is buried at a soil sample design position (the position of a water-containing layer is determined according to ground survey data) so as to, and a reverse filter layer is arranged at the position of the water outlet of the box body, so that piping damage caused by seepage is prevented.
As shown in fig. 6, the refrigerating fluid circulation device includes a refrigerating device 7 and a circulation device 8, the refrigerating device is composed of a temperature controller, a compressor, a condenser, a filter, an evaporator and a cooling tower, and the refrigerating device cools the refrigerating fluid in the evaporator; the circulating device 8 comprises a refrigerating fluid circulating pump 81, a first liquid collecting pipe 82, a freezing pipe 4 and a second liquid collecting pipe 84, and the refrigerating fluid is brine. Get into first collection collector tube 82 from refrigerating plant 7's cryogenic fluid export under cryogenic fluid circulating pump 81's effect, the circulation mouth 83 is laid according to the array along the cylinder face to the collector tube, circulation mouth 83 is through pipe connection freezing pipe 4 internal orifice, freezing pipe 4 is laid in the analogue test case, the cryogenic fluid takes place heat exchange with the stratum and reduces the stratum temperature, after the absorption stratum heat, the cryogenic fluid flows into next grade pipeline from freezing pipe 4 outer tube drainage mouth, collect through the circulation mouth of second collector tube 84, the refrigerating plant 7 is gone back to the backward flow, the circulation is accomplished to the cryogenic fluid.
Claims (6)
1. A simulation test box for freezing method construction is characterized in that: the device comprises a grid frame (1), baffles (2) and a reaction frame (3), wherein the grid frame (1) is connected through high-strength bolts to form a hexahedral frame, and six baffles (2) are embedded in the inner wall of the hexahedral frame; at least one baffle (2) is provided with a perforation of a pipeline; the reaction frame (3) is a quadrilateral square frame, two adjacent sides of the inner frame of the reaction frame (3) are provided with jacks (31), the other side is provided with a reaction bar (32), the jacks (31) and the reaction bar (32) penetrate through the baffle (2) to be connected with a pressure plate (33), and the fourth side of the reaction frame (3) is tightly abutted against one surface of the hexahedral frame; freezing pipes (4) are arranged in the inner cavity of the box body, seepage water pipes are pre-buried, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on a baffle of a seepage water outlet.
2. The simulation test box for freezing construction according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction frame (3) is a frame with wing plates and comprises an upper plate I, a lower plate V, a left plate II, a middle plate III, a right plate IV, a right side wing plate VI and a left side wing plate VII, wherein the left plate II, the middle plate III and the right plate IV are clamped between the upper plate I and the lower plate V along a cross beam, the left side wing plate VII is installed on the outer side of the left plate II, and the right side wing plate VI is installed on the outer side of the right plate IV.
3. The simulation test chamber for freezing construction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the freezing pipe (4) is mainly formed by combining an inner pipe (41) and an outer pipe (42), freezing liquid flows in from an inner pipe orifice, and a bottom orifice of the inner pipe overflows and enters a gap of the outer pipe and flows out from a drainage port of the outer pipe.
4. The simulation test box for freezing construction according to claim 3, wherein: freezing pipe (4) connection circulating device (8), circulating device (8) are including refrigerating fluid circulating pump (81), first collector tube (82), freeze pipe (4) and second collector tube (84), and refrigerating fluid is sent to first collector tube (82) from the refrigerating fluid export of refrigerating plant (7) to refrigerating fluid circulating pump (81), and the collector tube is followed the cylinder face and is laid circulation opening (83) according to the array, and circulation opening (83) are connected through the pipeline and are frozen pipe (4) internal orifice, and the refrigerating fluid flows into next level pipeline from freezing pipe (4) outer tube drainage mouth, collects through the circulation opening of second collector tube (84), flows back into refrigerating plant (7).
5. The simulation test box for freezing construction according to claim 4, wherein: the seepage water pipe is connected with a seepage device (5), the seepage device (5) mainly comprises a water tank (51), a lifting plate (52) and a pressure device (53), the lifting plate (52) moves up and down in a clamping groove in the wall of the water tank, the lifting plate (52) is fixed through the pressure device (53), and the seepage water pipe is connected to a water outlet of the water tank (51).
6. The simulation test box for freezing construction according to claim 5, wherein: the pipeline connected with the seepage water pipe is connected with a flowmeter.
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| CN110031508B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2021-08-20 | 安徽理工大学 | Vertical type hydrothermal coupling model test device and test method |
| CN114577849B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2024-05-07 | 安徽理工大学 | Laboratory test model device for insulating material performance of freezing pipe under action of ground stress and test method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101551373A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-07 | 黑龙江省水利科学研究院 | Frozen soil mechanics model test device |
| CN107101924A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽理工大学 | Experimental rig and method that monitoring seepage flow influences on frozen temperature field |
| CN108387334A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-10 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of inclined shaft freezing construction borehole wall mechanical characteristic monitoring device |
| CN209690208U (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-11-26 | 武汉市市政建设集团有限公司 | Rich water thin silt construction freezing method effect simulation system |
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| JP3740620B2 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 2006-02-01 | 大成建設株式会社 | Shield machine |
| CN103915030B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2016-06-01 | 湖南大学 | The underground works driving model test apparatus of the scalable function of a kind of tool |
| CN104297052B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-01-25 | 浙江科技学院 | Tunnel excavation three-dimensional model experiment loading device |
| CN105067797B (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2017-03-01 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of coal rock tunnel similarity simulation experiment platform and its assembly method |
| KR101655220B1 (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-09-07 | 우경기술주식회사 | Construction method of pressing tunnel structure for non-cutting natural ground and tunnel structure constructed by this |
| CN107807051B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-05-26 | 中南大学 | Test device and test method for simulating blasting excavation unloading under three-dimensional loading condition |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101551373A (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2009-10-07 | 黑龙江省水利科学研究院 | Frozen soil mechanics model test device |
| CN107101924A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽理工大学 | Experimental rig and method that monitoring seepage flow influences on frozen temperature field |
| CN108387334A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-10 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of inclined shaft freezing construction borehole wall mechanical characteristic monitoring device |
| CN209690208U (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-11-26 | 武汉市市政建设集团有限公司 | Rich water thin silt construction freezing method effect simulation system |
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