CN107796926A - The lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig of landslide effect and method - Google Patents
The lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig of landslide effect and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107796926A CN107796926A CN201711199220.1A CN201711199220A CN107796926A CN 107796926 A CN107796926 A CN 107796926A CN 201711199220 A CN201711199220 A CN 201711199220A CN 107796926 A CN107796926 A CN 107796926A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
- G01M5/0058—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems of elongated objects, e.g. pipes, masts, towers or railways
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention provides a set of landslide to act on lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig, for simulating stress, displacement and deformation of the buried gas pipeline under landslide disaster effect, while provide a kind of method of large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experiment.The present invention can be used to simulating the pipeline landslide experiment under the conditions of different pipeline internal pressures/landslide soil nature matter/buried depth of pipeline/environment rainfall, experimental rig can Monitoring Data include that pipeline internal pressure, pipeline strain, landslide soil come down soil pore water pressure power to pipeline thrust, slip mass deep displacement, rainfall size, underground and underground is come down the parameter of native soil moisture content.Invention completes a set of underground gas pipeline landslide disaster simulation test device, automatic rainer and landslide underground soil monitoring device, and pass through the monitoring to related data, grasp slip mass developmental state and pipeline loading characteristic, for analysis of landslide to the affecting laws of pipeline, the laying for the selection of pipeline landslide monitoring parameters in future, lectotype selection, monitoring point provides foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention devises a kind of lower buried gas pipeline large scale crash simulation experimental rig of landslide effect, belongs to gas transmission
Pipeline landslide diaster prevention and control field, for simulating stress and change of the buried gas pipeline under landslide disaster effect under different operating modes
Shape situation.
Background technology
Landslide refers under certain natural conditions and geological conditions, forms the part Rock And Soil on slope in factors such as gravity
In the presence of, shearing occurs for the Weak face certain along sloping inner and caused overall glide is destroyed.Landslide is one non-linear
System, it is that various complicated factors interact the complex to be formed, developing has periodically, and a typically progressivity deformation is broken
Bad process.Its geological disaster common as China mountain area, have the characteristics that destructiveness is strong, coverage is wide, difficult prevention.Laying
Natural gas line in mountain area may be deformed by slip mass to be influenceed to bend or even is broken, and causes serious consequence.It is existing
Individually research is more comprehensive for stage pipeline and landslide disaster, and the two is combined and study less, slip mass can not be sent out
Situation and pipeline loading characteristic are educated, and landslide is understood in depth to the affecting laws of pipeline.
Domestic and foreign scholars research pipeline geological disaster risk, it is public by related software and experience more using Method for Numerical
Formula calculates pipeline and is bearing air pressure inside and the outside stress and deformation to come down under native squeezing action.Buried pipeline by
Situation is complex during landslide disaster, relies on the more difficult acquirement reliable conclusion of numerical simulation merely, obtaining result of calculation can not be direct
Apply to practice of construction.
China's landslide disaster simulation test device development is slower, conventional pipelines landslide experimental rig, can only be by designing letter
Easy experimental rig influences to probe into the strain of landslide pressure or landslide vibration for pipeline, and monitoring parameters are less, it is impossible to meet
Simulated test requirement under a variety of different operating modes, can not grasp landslide each stage of development rate of displacement, displacement variable and rainfall
Influence to landslide displacement.Existing test monitoring device is easily destroyed by electromagnetic interference and strain, and reliability and stability have
Wait to improve.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a set of landslide to act on lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig and method, uses
In stress, displacement and deformation of the simulation buried gas pipeline under landslide disaster effect.
Patent of the present invention mainly solves following problem：1. devising a set of automatic rainer, can utilize dry
The size of pipe and branch flowmeter for pipe monitoring rainfall, the Stress control being pressurized by the quantity and water source that change delivery pipe branch are tested
The throughput rate of the automatic rainfall of system.2. devising pilot system, landslide area, pipe line area, automatic rainfall area, device monitoring area are included
The overall process acted on come down native 5 subregions of collecting region, full-scope simulation landslide disaster gas pipeline, and to relevant parameter
Monitored.3. device can be simulated under the conditions of different pipeline internal pressures, landslide soil nature matter, buried depth of pipeline, environment rainfall
Pipeline landslide is tested, and experimental rig is more met the needs of pipeline landslide simulated test.4. design the monitoring of device test system
Area, can Monitoring Data include pipeline internal pressure, pipeline strain, landslide soil it is big to pipeline pressure, slip mass deep displacement, rainfall
The parameter of the native soil moisture content of small, underground landslide soil pore water pressure power and underground landslide.5. pipeline strain, landslide pair in monitoring section
The monitoring device such as pipeline thrust and landslide depth displacement amount uses fiber grating sensing technology, and the sensing technology is reliable,
It is corrosion-resistant, the requirement monitored automatically can be met.6. device handles the Monitoring Data of monitoring section, can analysis of landslide each stage of development
The influence of rate of displacement, displacement variable and rainfall to landslide displacement, and gas pipeline landslide act under stress, strain
And misalignment, provide corresponding reference for the result of calculation of numerical simulation.
In order to carry out above-mentioned experiment, present invention employs a kind of lower large scale buried gas pipeline of following landslide effect to break
Bad simulation test device, it mainly includes：
Air storage system (A), supercharging air system (B), water source distribution system (C), the water source being linked in sequence are pressurized system
System (D), water source stocking system (E), pilot system (F), remaining water source collect system (G)；It is characterized in that：Source of the gas is stored up by air
Deposit system (A) provides, and is pressurized to atmospheric pressure value set by experiment by supercharging air system (B) compression, compressed air is by testing
System (F) carries out correlation test, surplus air returning air stocking system (A)；Water source is provided by water source stocking system (E), is passed through
Water source pressure charging system (D) is pressurized, and is reached hydraulic pressure value needed for testing, by water source distribution system (C), is flowed through respectively by water main pipe 34
Bar water source branch pipe 33 in parallel, rainfall operation is carried out by each branch pipe rainfall hole 18, by each main and branch hook gauge 7 and flow
Meter 6 is monitored, and water source collects system (G) via remaining water source and collected, and returns to water source stocking system (E).
As the present invention a kind of preferred embodiment, air storage system (A) mainly by vertical air storage tank 1, flowmeter 6,
There is air pump pressure gauge 7 and valve composition, the inside of vertical air storage tank 1, can extract the air in the external world, make gas storage bottle pressure
Reach certain limit, it is standby at any time.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, supercharging air system (B) is by two reciprocating compressors 31, pressure gauge 7
Being formed with blowdown system 30, the compressor has control system, can carry out supercharging operation to air according to test requirements document, and
Air pressure and air flow condition are transferred to device monitoring station 19, air pressure of the device monitoring station 19 according to monitoring in time
Power and traffic conditions are adjusted in real time to supercharging air system (B).
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, pipeline water source distribution system (C) is by check-valves 4, pressure gauge 7, flowmeter
6th, 9 groups of water source branch pipes 33 and branch pipe rainfall hole 18 are formed, and 9 water source branch pipes 33 are connected with water main pipe 34, the He of water main pipe 34
Water source branch pipe 33 is equipped with flowmeter 6 and pressure gauge 7, and device monitoring station 19 can monitor the water delivery feelings of main and branch pipe at any time
Condition, check-valves 4 is set to prevent water source backflow from causing damage, the pressure that can be pressurized by the quantity and water source for controlling delivery pipe branch
The size of the automatic rainfall of control test system (F).
It is sleeping by valve, flowmeter 6, pressure gauge 7 and 2 as a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, water source pressure charging system (D)
Formula centrifugal pump 5 is formed, and two centrifugal pump of horizontal axis 5, which are connected in series, to be pressurized to the water source from water source stocking system (E) place, made
Water source reaches the requirement for transporting to next stage, and the control system of centrifugal pump of horizontal axis 5 is directly connected with device monitoring station 19, can pass through control
The power of centrifugal pump processed changes the rainfall size of automatic rainfall area (c).
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, water source stocking system (E) is by two vertical stainless steel water towers 8, valve, streams
Gauge 6 and pressure gauge 7 form, and wherein water tower selection is volume for 8 tons of stainless steel water tower, using vault construction, water source master
Come from and nearby build concrete retention reservoir 9.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, pilot system (F) main landslide test base 10, aqueduct 11, examination
Test air duct 12, landslide band 13, device monitoring area (d), landslide depth displacement monitoring section 15, the main slip 16 in landslide, slip mass
17th, rainfall hole 18, device monitoring station 19, landslide bedrock surface 20, casing movable pedestal 21, the native collection tank 22 in landslide, removable
Except barricade 23, landslide soil pore water pressure power monitoring sensor 24, fiber grating deviational survey tube sensor 25, pipeline fiber grating strain
Sensor 26, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 27, the native moisture monitoring sensor 28 in landslide and PVC inclinometer pipes 29 form.
Above-mentioned pilot system (F) pipeline landslide Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems is divided into 4 parts, and native monitoring system is come down by ground in underground
The native moisture monitoring sensor 28 in lower landslide and underground landslide soil pore water pressure power monitoring sensor 24 form, can with comprehensive monitoring
The lower native situation in landslide.Monitoring Data is transmitted to underground and come down native Monitoring Data terminal 35, after transmitted by optical fiber to device monitoring
Stand 19, be shown in by data processing on the host computer display of monitoring station.Pipeline and Landslide Forecast System are by pipeline optical fiber
Grating strain transducer 26, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 27 and fiber grating deviational survey tube sensor 25 form, three couple
Pipeline and stress, strain and the landslide depth displacement on landslide are monitored in real time, the optical fiber of data transfer to device monitoring station 19
At grating demodulation instrument, by data process＆analysis, it is shown on the host computer display of device monitoring station 19.Automatic rainfall
Monitoring system, mainly it is made up of source pressure control system, automatic rainfall flowmeter 6 and automatic rainfall pressure gauge 7, data pass through
Data line transfer is shown into device monitoring station 19 by host computer display.
Said apparatus monitoring station is by optical Fiber Closure, connection optical cable, light change-over switch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and upper meter
Calculation machine forms.Optical Fiber Closure connects with optical cable to be passed from soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 43, pipeline fiber grating strain
The optical fiber of sensor 26 and landslide depth fiber grating deviational survey tube sensor 25.The optical fiber connection light conversion picked out by terminal box is opened
Close, light change-over switch changes each channel signal to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator successively, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator demodulates each optical fiber
The centre wavelength displacement of grating sensor is transmitted to host computer, and host computer calculates each monitoring variable automatically, by showing
Device is shown.
The invention provides a set of landslide to act on lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig, for simulating
Stress, displacement and deformation of the buried gas pipeline under landslide disaster effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：1. devising a set of automatic rainer, main and branch flowmeter for pipe can be utilized
The size of rainfall is monitored, the automatic rainfall of Stress control pilot system to be pressurizeed by the quantity and water source that change delivery pipe branch
Throughput rate.2. devising pilot system, landslide area, pipe line area, automatic rainfall area, the native collecting region in device monitoring area and landslide are included
5 subregions, the overall process that full-scope simulation landslide disaster is acted on gas pipeline, and relevant parameter is monitored.3.
Device can simulate the pipeline landslide experiment under the conditions of different pipeline internal pressures, landslide soil nature matter, buried depth of pipeline, environment rainfall,
Experimental rig is set more to meet the needs of pipeline landslide simulated test.4. the monitoring section of device test system is designed, can Monitoring Data
Including pipeline internal pressure, pipeline strain, landslide soil to pipeline pressure, slip mass deep displacement, rainfall size, the native hole in underground landslide
The parameter of the native soil moisture content of gap water pressure and underground landslide.5. pipeline strain, landslide are to pipeline thrust and landslide in monitoring section
The monitoring devices such as deep displacement amount use fiber grating sensing technology, and the sensing technology is reliable, corrosion-resistant, can meet
Automatically the requirement monitored., can each stage of development rate of displacement of analysis of landslide, displacement change 6. device handles the Monitoring Data of monitoring section
The influence of change amount and rainfall to landslide displacement, and stress, strain and misalignment of the gas pipeline under the effect of landslide, for number
The result of calculation of value simulation provides corresponding reference.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig overview flow charts
Fig. 2 landslide trial zone monitoring figures (face duct orientation)
Fig. 3 landslides trial zone monitoring figure is (along duct orientation)
Fig. 4 supercharging air system figures
Fig. 5 water sources distribution system figure
Come down native monitoring system figure for Fig. 6 undergrounds
Fig. 7 landslides soil pore water pressure power monitoring sensor structure figure
Fig. 8 pipeline landslide Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems block diagrams
Fig. 9 soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor installation diagrams
Figure 10 pipeline fiber-optic grating sensor installations diagram (cross-sectional view)
Figure 11 pipeline fiber-optic grating sensor installations diagram
The native fiber grating deviational survey tube sensor installation diagram in Figure 12 landslides
Figure 13 optical fiber grating soil pressure box structure charts
Wherein：A, air storage system；B, supercharging air system；C, water source distribution system；D, water source pressure charging system；E, water
Source storage system；F, pilot system；G, remaining water source collects system；1st, vertical gas storage tank；2nd, test track；3rd, choke valve；4、
Check-valves；5th, centrifugal pump；6th, flowmeter；7th, pressure gauge；8th, stainless steel water tower；9th, cistern；10th, come down test base；11st, it is defeated
Waterpipe；12nd, air duct is tested；13rd, come down band；14th, Monitoring Pinpelines area；15th, landslide depth displacement monitoring section；16th, come down
Main slip；17th, slip mass；18th, rainfall hole；19th, device monitoring station；20th, come down bedrock surface；21st, casing movable pedestal；22、
Come down native collection tank；23rd, dismountable barricade；24th, the soil pore water pressure power that comes down monitoring sensor；25th, fiber grating inclinometer pipe
Sensor；26th, pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor；27th, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor；28th, come down native moisture monitoring
Sensor；29th, PVC inclinometer pipes；30th, blowdown system；31st, stage compressor；32nd, split-compressor；33rd, water source branch pipe；34th, water
Source main；35th, Monitoring Data terminal：36th, sealing ring；37th, back-up ring；38th, hollow tube；39th, optical fiber；40th, mounting ear；41st, survey
Amount probe；42nd, rectangular pyramid is popped one's head in；43rd, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor；44th, soil pressure cell support；45th, steel plate clip；
46th, circular arc steel plate；47th, pipeline quick-drying gelatin；48th, pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor；49th, the corrosion-inhibiting coating that pipeline scrapes off；
50th, steel sleeve；51st, concrete pier；52nd, deep displacement optical fiber；53rd, fiber grating strain device；54th, pipeline waterproof quick-drying gelatin；55、
Optical fiber groove；56th, fine sand；57th, bedrock surface；58th, thin mud is starched；59th, rubber membrane；60th, elastic pressure box；61st, packing washer；
62nd, clamp nut；63rd, seal gas；64th, air valve；65th, soil pressure cell steel box.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to be better understood from the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the present invention uses experimental rig mainly to include air storage system (A), the air being linked in sequence
Pressure charging system (B), water source distribution system (C), water source pressure charging system (D), water source stocking system (E), pilot system (F), residue
Collect system (G) in water source.Source of the gas is provided by air storage system (A), and experiment institute is pressurized to by supercharging air system (B) compression
If atmospheric pressure value, compressed air carries out correlation test by pilot system (F), and surplus air returns to air storage system (A).
Water source is provided by water source stocking system (E), is pressurized by water source pressure charging system (D), reaches hydraulic pressure value needed for experiment, by water source
Distribution system (C), each bar water source branch pipe 33 in parallel is flowed through by water main pipe 34, rainfall work is carried out by each branch pipe rainfall hole 18
Industry, it is monitored by each main and branch hook gauge 7 and flowmeter 6, water source collects system (G) via remaining water source and collected, weight
It is new to return to water source stocking system (E).Landslide occurs after rainfall reaches certain numerical value, and corresponding deformation, device monitoring occur for pipeline
Stand 19 carry out Data Collections, observation pipeline, landslide present situation, arrange data after can carry out next working condition tests.
Air storage system (A) is mainly made up of vertical air storage tank 1, flowmeter 6, pressure gauge 7 and related valve.It is vertical
There is air pump the inside of air reservoir 1, can extract the air in the external world, gas storage bottle pressure is reached certain limit, standby at any time.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, pilot system (F) main landslide test base 10, aqueduct 11, air duct 12, cunning
Slope band 13, Monitoring Pinpelines area 14, landslide depth displacement monitoring section 15, the main slip 16 in landslide, slip mass 17, rainfall hole 18, device
Monitoring station 19, landslide bedrock surface 20, casing movable pedestal 21, the native collection tank 22 in landslide, dismountable barricade 23, landslide Tu Shui
Pressure monitoring sensor 24, fiber grating inclinometer pipe 25, pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 26, soil pressure cell fiber grating pass
Sensor 27, the native moisture monitoring sensor 28 in landslide and PVC inclinometer pipes 29 form.Be broadly divided into landslide area (a), pipe line area (b), from
Dynamic rainfall area (c), device monitoring area (d) and native 5 parts of collecting region (e) of coming down.
Landslide area (a) periphery is the semicircle peripheral soil body 10 that comes down, and is rolled by landslide soil, tamps completion, tests process
Middle slip mass periphery is without obvious displacement and deformation.Landslide area lower floor is landslide soil matrix scar 20, by artificial or mechanical equivalent of light excavation
Complete, one layer of landslide band 13 is laid on bedrock surface, material is mainly the mixture of bentonite, talcum powder, fine sand, water, modeling
Expect that film respectively spreads one layer up and down in slide strips, slide strips thickness is no less than 35cm, should spread 20-30cm's or so on slide strips upper film
Fine sand, layer of sand must postpone to landslide periphery, facilitate rainfall operation.In landslide area (a), specified location excavates inclinometer pipe bottom sump
Groove 15, its depth are 1.5m.
Pipe line area includes experiment letter shoot road 12, in pipeline and the main slip intersection installation soil pressure cell optical fiber light that comes down
Gate sensor 43, during installation soil pressure cell perpendicular to landslide soil to pipeline pressure direction.Pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 48
Equidistant installation, three are installed in same pipeline section, in 3 points, 9 points and 12 points 3 direction installations of pipeline section.
Device monitoring area (d) is mainly made up of device monitoring station 19, and the groundwork of device monitoring station 19 is real-time monitoring examination
Each flowmeter 6 of experiment device and the numerical values recited of pressure gauge 7, the operating power of 2 reciprocating compressor 31, and monitor 2 horizontal centrifugals
The power situation of pump 5, accordingly adjusted according to source pressure and flow；Real-time collecting pipeline internal pressure, pipeline strain, landslide soil are right
Come down native soil moisture content for pipeline thrust, slip mass deep displacement, rainfall size, underground landslide soil pore water pressure power and underground
Monitoring Data, and arranged and handled, corresponding chart is depicted as, is illustrated on the host computer display of device monitoring station.
Native collecting region (e) of coming down is made up of landslide collection tank 22, dismountable barricade 23 and casing movable pedestal 21, examination
Barricade is removed when testing, it is kept flat, covers above the collection tank of landslide, after the completion of experiment, barricade is withdrawn from, after the completion of experiment
Landslide soil is collected in inside the native collecting box in landslide, after all collecting, passes through the draining carried inside the native collecting box that comes down
System carries out draining, is filtered dry moisture, overturning cabinet movable pedestal 21, landslide Soil Utilization excavator is taken out, prepared
Experiment next time.
As shown in figure 4, supercharging air system (B) is by 30 groups of two reciprocating compressors 31, pressure gauge 7 and blowdown system
Into.The compressor has control system, can carry out supercharging operation to air according to test requirements document, and by air pressure and
Air flow condition is transferred to device monitoring station 19, air pressure and traffic conditions pair of the device monitoring station 19 according to monitoring in time
Compressor horsepower is adjusted in real time.Such as air has reached experiment institute after the supercharging of the one-level of reciprocating compressor 31
Pressure value is needed, subsequent region directly can be led to by lateral, save test period and experimentation cost.
As shown in figure 5, pipeline water source distribution system is by check-valves 4, pressure gauge 7, flowmeter 6,9 groups of water source branch pipes 33 and water
Source branch pipe rainfall hole 18 forms.Wherein 9 water source branch pipes 33 are connected with water main pipe 34, and water conveying tunnel and branch line are equipped with flow
Meter 6 and pressure gauge 7, device monitoring station 19 can monitor the water delivery situation of main and branch pipe at any time, set check-valves 4 to prevent water
Source backflow causes damage, the automatic rainfall of Stress control experimental rig that can be pressurized by the quantity and water source for controlling delivery pipe branch
Rainfall size.
Water source pressure charging system (D) is made up of valve, flowmeter 6, pressure gauge 7 and 2 centrifugal pump of horizontal axis 5, two it is horizontal from
Heart pump 5, which is connected in series, to be pressurized to the water source from water source stocking system (E) place, reached water source and transported to wanting for next stage
Ask, the control system of centrifugal pump of horizontal axis 5 is directly connected with device monitoring station 19, can be automatic by controlling the power of centrifugal pump 5 to change
The rainfall size of rainfall area (c).
Water source stocking system (E) is made up of two vertical stainless steel water towers 8, valve, flowmeter 6 and pressure gauge 7, its reclaimed water
What tower selected is the stainless steel water tower of 8 measurement tons, and using vault construction, water source is essentially from built concrete retention reservoir 9 nearby.
As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, monitoring pore water pressure sensor includes：Sealing ring 36, back-up ring 37, hollow tube 38, optical fiber
39th, mounting ear 40, measuring probe 41, the composition of rectangular pyramid probe 42.What monitoring pore water pressure sensor 24 was internally hollow, in
The inside of blank pipe 38 is multigroup measuring probe 41, can monitor the pore water pressure of landslide underground soil different depth, monitoring is obtained
Data be transferred to by optical fiber 39 in Monitoring Data terminal 35, the lower end of monitoring pore water pressure sensor 24 be rectangular pyramid probe
42, the structure convenient construction, the profile of hollow tube 38 is four-prism.Wherein the side of hollow tube 38 leave can with rectangular pyramid pop one's head in 42
Hollow tube 38 and rectangular pyramid probe 42 can be securely joined together by the connecting hole of connection, connecting hole.Supervised in pore water pressure
Surveying the upper end of sensor 24 has sealing ring 36 to seal, and ensures that underground water does not enter inside during measurement, back-up ring 37 can fix sealing
Circle, it and hollow tube is closely joined together, the data for monitoring to obtain pass through defeated outside optical fiber.Wherein monitoring pore water pressure passes
The distance between adjacent measuring probe 41 in the inside 2 of 24 hollow tube of sensor 38 is more than or equal to 20cm, and is less than 120cm.2 phases
The distance between adjacent mounting ear 40 is 40cm~140cm.The suitable environment temperature range of measuring probe 41 be -20 DEG C~80 DEG C.
Above-mentioned hollow tube 38 and rectangular pyramid pop one's head in 41 connected modes as welding.
As shown in figure 8, pipeline landslide pilot system is divided into 4 regions, Groundwater Monitoring system is by the soil pores water that comes down
Pressure monitoring sensor 24 and the native moisture monitoring sensor 28 that comes down form, in real time the native groundwater condition in monitoring landslide, by data
Transmit to the native groundwater monitoring data relay station 35 of coming down, after transmitted by optical fiber to device monitoring station 19, show by data processing
Show on host computer display.Pipeline and Landslide Forecast System are by pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 48, soil pressure cell
Fiber-optic grating sensor 43 and fiber grating deviational survey tube sensor 25 form, and three carries out real to pipeline and the ess-strain on landslide
When monitor, transmit to the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator at device monitoring station 19, by data process＆analysis, be eventually displayed in device
On the host computer display of monitoring station 19.Automatic rainfall monitoring system, mainly by source pressure control system, automatic rainfall stream
Gauge 6 and automatic rainfall pressure gauge 7 form, and data, into device monitoring station 19, have host computer to show by data line transfer
Show that device is shown.
As shown in figure 9, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 43 is by air duct 12, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor
43rd, soil pressure cell support 44, steel plate clip 45, circular arc steel plate 46 form.Soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 43 is by soil pressure
Power box support 44 is fixed on air duct 12, and wherein soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 43 monitors the one of pressure facing to cunning
The glide direction on slope 17；Soil pressure cell support 44 is made up of two pieces of circular arc clips, and the circular arc clip of top is welded with installation
Base, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 43 are embedded, and leave allowance with mounting seat surrounding, wherein mounting seat with
Fiber-optic grating sensor passes through rapid-curing cutback gemel connection；Soil pressure cell support two clips use left and right, two clamp connection parts about 44
Connected with nut.
As shown in Figure 10, Figure 11, pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 48 is by air duct 12, pipeline quick-drying gelatin 47, light
The corrosion-inhibiting coating 49 that fibre 39, pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 48 and pipeline scrape off forms.On airflow pipe uniformly
Pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 48 is laid, at selected monitoring point section, places three fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 48,
For three in the direction arrangement of 3,9,12 o'clock on pipeline section, the section is calculated in the data can for having three, section point
The size and location of maximum strain value.Pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 48 will first scrape anticorrosion coating on pipeline off when installing, and beat
Ground smooth, pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is pasted onto on the pipeline outer wall polished with quick-drying gelatin.By optical fiber and pipeline
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor draws fibre and connected, and leads to ground, and it is protected.
As shown in figure 12, pipeline fiber grating deviational survey tube sensor 25 is by steel sleeve 50, concrete pier 51, deep displacement light
Fibre 52, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 53, pipeline waterproof quick-drying gelatin 54, optical fiber groove 55, fine sand 56, bedrock surface 57, fine sand slurry
58 and PVC inclinometer pipes 29 form.Row technological borehole first is crept into geology on landslide 17, drilling has to pass through place sliding surface,
And bedrock surface 1.5m or so below 13 is extended to, wherein drilling bore is 120mm, hole deviation is less than 1 °.In boring procedure, except
Full-sleeve retaining wall is required beyond bedrock surface.Cutting, width 2mm, by optical fiber mackintosh are carried out in the outside of PVC inclinometer pipes 29
Cutting is fixed on, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 25 is placed every 2m at the outer tube cutting of PVC inclinometer pipes 29, utilizes pipeline waterproof
Quick-drying gelatin 54 is pasted.PVC inclinometer pipes 29 are transferred, the one of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 25 will be pasted facing to landslide slip side
To, after pvc pipe is all put down, starch with injecting fine sand in the gap of PVC inclinometer pipes 29 to basement rock, guided with Grouting Pipe, and in distance
Bottom hole about 1m or so starts slip casting, and on landslide, soil backfills fine sand with deviational survey ligament and is compacted.Poured at deep displacement aperture
Concrete pier 51 is noted, steel sleeve 50, parcel PVC inclinometer pipes 29 are placed in pier, and optical cable is connected at device monitoring station 19.
Device monitoring station is by optical Fiber Closure, connection optical cable, light change-over switch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and host computer
Composition.Optical Fiber Closure connected soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 43, pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor with optical cable
48 and the optical fiber of landslide depth fiber grating deviational survey tube sensor 25.The optical fiber picked out by terminal box connects light change-over switch, light
Change-over switch changes each channel signal to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator successively, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator demodulates each fiber grating and passed
The centre wavelength displacement of sensor is transmitted to host computer, and host computer calculates each monitoring variable automatically, and is shown by display
Show.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig of landslide effect, including the air storage being linked in sequence
System (A), supercharging air system (B), water source distribution system (C), water source pressure charging system (D), water source stocking system (E), experiment
System (F), remaining water source collect system (G)；It is characterized in that：Source of the gas is provided by air storage system (A), by supercharging air
System (B) compression is pressurized to atmospheric pressure value set by experiment, and compressed air carries out correlation test, surplus air by pilot system (F)
Returning air stocking system (A)；Water source is provided by water source stocking system (E), is pressurized by water source pressure charging system (D), is reached examination
Required hydraulic pressure value is tested, by water source distribution system (C), each bar water source branch pipe (33) in parallel is flowed through by water main pipe (34), led to
Cross each branch pipe rainfall hole (18) and carry out rainfall operation, be monitored by each main and branch hook gauge (7) and flowmeter (6), water
Source is collected system (G) via remaining water source and collected, and returns to water source stocking system (E).
2. the lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig of a kind of landslide effect as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is：Described air storage system (A) one end is connected with stage compressor (31) entrance in supercharging air system (B), separately
One end is connected with the outlet of experiment air duct (12) in pilot system (F)；The supercharging air system (B) includes：Device is supervised
Survey station (19), pressure gauge (7), stage compressor (31), split-compressor (32), blowdown system (30)；The air storage system
System (A), supercharging air system (B) and pilot system (F) are sequentially connected by test track (2).
3. the lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig of a kind of landslide effect as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is：The water source stocking system (E) includes two stainless steel water towers (8), its exit end and water source pressure charging system (B)
Centrifugal pump (5) is connected, and entrance one end is collected water main pipe (34) in system (G) with remaining water source and is connected；The water source supercharging system
System (D) includes two centrifugal pumps (5) being sequentially connected, and is exported and water source distribution system (C) with stainless steel water tower (8) water source respectively
Middle aqueduct (11) is connected；The water source distribution system (C) and remaining water source collect system (G) by check-valves (4), flowmeter
(6), pressure gauge (7), water source branch pipe (33), rainfall hole (18), water main pipe (34) composition；The water source stocking system (E), water
Source pressure charging system (D), water source distribution system (C) and remaining water source collect system (G) and are sequentially connected by aqueduct (11).
4. the lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation experimental rig of a kind of landslide effect as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is:Described pilot system (F) is by landslide area (a), pipe line area (b), automatic rainfall area (c), device monitoring area (d) and slides
Slope soil collecting region (e) forms；Described device monitoring section (d) is monitored to pipeline landslide related data；The landslide soil is collected
Collect experiment landslide soil used in area (e)；The landslide area (a) is by landslide test base (10), the main slip (16) in landslide, slip mass
(17), landslide band (13), landslide bedrock surface (20) composition；The automatic rainfall area (c) includes：Water main pipe (34), water source branch
(33), rainfall hole (18) are managed, rainfall hole (18) are distributed in water source branch pipe (33) bottom.
5. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Native collecting region (e) come down mainly by the native collection tank that comes down
(22), casing movable pedestal (21) and dismountable barricade (23) composition；Dismountable barricade (23) is positioned at landslide collection tank
(22) top, against landslide area (a)；Casing movable pedestal (21) is below landslide collection tank (22)；In experimentation
Collected by native collection tank (22) of coming down and slide landslide soil and gravel, after casing drainage pipeline draining, rotating box can
Mobile base (21), redistribution experiment landslide soil, in case next time, experiment used.
6. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The monitoring section (d) is by device monitoring station (19), landslide depth
Displacement monitoring area (15), soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (27), pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (26) composition；Device
Monitoring station (19) is positioned at landslide test base (10)；Landslide depth displacement monitoring section (15) is distributed in pipeline；Soil pressure cell
Fiber-optic grating sensor (27) and pipeline fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (26) are pasted on pipeline outer wall.
7. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The data of described device monitoring section (d) monitoring are included in pipeline
Pressure, pipeline strain, landslide soil to pipeline thrust, slip mass deep displacement, rainfall size, underground come down soil pore water pressure power and
Come down native soil moisture content for underground.
8. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The device of the native related data in monitoring landslide includes：Come down native hole
Gap water pressure monitoring sensor (24), the native moisture monitoring sensor (28) in landslide and Monitoring Data terminal (35)；The landslide
Soil pore water pressure power monitoring sensor (24) monitoring landslide underground soil pore water pressure power, come down native moisture monitoring sensor (28) prison
Survey landslide underground soil moisture, Monitoring Data transmitted to data relay station (35), after transmit to device monitoring station (19).
9. a kind of lower large scale buried gas pipeline crash simulation test method of pipeline landslide effect, it comprises the following steps：
1) air enters test track (2) by air storage system (A), and is pressurized by supercharging air system (B), makes air
Pressure reaches the pressure requirements needed for experiment；
2) experiment air duct (12) is entered from the air of test track (2) outflow, and it is right by pressure gauge (7), flowmeter (6)
Air pressure and flow are monitored；
3) water source of water source stocking system (E) is passed through into water source pressure charging system (B) to be pressurized, reaches pilot system (F) rainfall
Pressure requirements；
4) water source after being pressurized is by aqueduct (11), into water source distribution system (C), and by the water of water main pipe (34)
Defeated to the 9 water source branch pipes (33) in source point；
5) test water source and automatic rainfall operation, slip mass (17) are carried out to landslide pilot system (F) by 9 delivery pipe branches (33)
By the washing away of rainfall, corrode, after gradually coming down, remaining water source collects system (G) by remaining water source and collected, after metering
Return to water source stocking system (E)；
6) water changes before and after device monitoring area (d) records automatic rainfall area (c), obtains pilot system (F) rainfall size；
7) native moisture monitoring sensor (28) the monitoring landslide soil of soil pore water pressure power monitoring sensor (24) and landslide that comes down is aqueous
Measure data；
8) device monitoring station (19) monitoring pipeline strain, landslide soil are native to pipeline thrust, landslide in pipeline landslide pilot system (F)
Deep displacement；
9) native collection tank (22) of coming down collects the landslide soil and gravel that pilot system (F) slides, by the drainpipe in casing
Road carries out draining, in case next time, experiment used；
10) repeat step 1)~9), change pipeline internal pressure, landslide soil nature matter, buried depth of pipeline, environment rainfall size, again mould
Intend influence of the landslide disaster to buried gas pipeline under different operating modes.
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