CN101463724A - Construction method for connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method - Google Patents
Construction method for connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a connecting channel by a double-row hole horizontal freezing method. The method comprises the following steps: freezing parameters are defined; frozen holes are arranged and drilled; a freezing system is mounted and operated; the connecting channel is constructed and excavated; injected slurry is unfrozen and thawed initiatively, artificially and compulsively combining construction monitoring and natural unfreezing; in the method, at the time of natural unfreezing, hot brine circulates in the frozen holes, frozen soil is unfrozen compulsively in means of area separation, and the unfreezing is carried out from down to up; thaw settlement grouting is carried out by a pre-buried injection pipe, and the grouting is carried out from down to up; the frozen holes are arranged in a row of outer holes and a row of inner holes; the length of the holes is subject to the length reaching a side duct piece, the way of holing on the two sides is applied; the connecting channel is excavated in the way of dynamic excavation, namely the heading and constructing of two main tunnels are operated simultaneously. The method efficiently controls the stability of the mouth of a cave in the process of excavation and the sedimentation of the connecting channel and the two main tunnels, and has the advantage of saving the construction period, therefore, the method is applicable for the freezing construction of the connecting channel of various soft soil layers.
Description
Technical field:
What the present invention relates to is the construction freezing method method that is used for subterranean tunnel and interface channel thereof, and particularly a kind of job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method belongs to construction engineering technical field.
Background technology:
Construction freezing method is to utilize the artificial cooling technology that the water in the stratum is build-up ice; natural soil is become frozen soil; thereby increase its intensity and stability, completely cut off getting in touch of underground water and underground structure, so that under the protection of freezing curtain, carry out a kind of special construction method of excavation construction.1860s, freezing process at first are applied to Britain's welsh building foundation engineering in south.1883, Germany engineer Bo Cishu (P.H.Potsch) adopts in the colliery in Alba the freezing process dark pit shaft of 103m of successfully having constructed, and has obtained the freezing technology patent, causes global concern, from then on countries in the world are all used freezing technology widely, have promoted the development of freezing technology.Freezing process is started late in China, but development speed is very fast, and China opened since the mining area, Luan at first uses freeze-wellboring from nineteen fifty-five, and freezing process has developed into the main construction method of China engineering field by unstable alluvium and fissured waterbearing stratum.
Find the Chinese invention patent " job practices of weak soil layer horizontal frozen method interface channel " that mainly contain people such as Yang Guoxiang, Ding Guangying relevant through open source literature retrieval with the present invention to prior art; The article that people such as Ding Guangying write " service channel frozen construction technology at the bottom of the river, tunnel, Dalian road " was included in the 30th～34 page of " underground construction and tunnel " 2003 the 3rd phase; The article that Hu Xiangdong, Chen Rui write " double-deck cross-river tunnel service channel construction freezing method technology " was included in the 64th～66 page of " low temperature Building technology " 2006 the 5th phase.In above-mentioned patent " job practices of weak soil layer horizontal frozen method interface channel " (number of patent application is 200410067138.x), elaborated the job practices of weak soil layer horizontal frozen method interface channel, particular content is: determine positive freezing period and brine temp, frozen soil wall average temperature and the frozen soil strength of safeguarding freezing period; The design arrangement freezing hole, simultaneously arrange should be according to reinforcement of segment figure fine setting for freezing hole, and outside drift angle, slanting of freezing hole control hole footpath is 0.5 °～1.0 ° scopes; Cold is freezed in calculating, reaches 8.6 * 104kcal/h according to the refrigerating capacity of every unit of cold needs; Elder generation's tunneling horn mouth pilot tunnel excavates interlude again, excavates offside tunnel horn mouth pilot tunnel then, and after the construction of interlude deck finished, brush expanded the two ends horn mouth again, and the excavation step pitch is 0.3m or 0.5m; Implement overall process to the horizontal frozen hole construction, freeze each stage such as system, frost wall, circular tunnel structural change and supporting and protection structure and system monitors, and with monitored data in time feedback with guiding construction." service channel frozen construction technology at the bottom of the river, tunnel, Dalian road " article is the engineering introduction of patent institute combination.Article " double-deck cross-river tunnel service channel construction freezing method technology " has mainly been set forth in reviving the double-deck cross-river tunnel in East Road and has been carried out the construction that the horizontal frozen method connects the tunnel, this service channel structure off-centre, limited, the complicated layout of freezing pipes of tunnel space, level, long inclined hole and meridian line tunnel through hole creep into, borehole accuracy requires high, constructional difficulties, the part construction technology lacks enough experiences.
Though above-mentioned frozen construction method is widely used in all kinds of constructing tunnels by unstable alluvium and fissured waterbearing stratum at present, but have following deficiency: (1) freezing hole is to adopt the single row of holes or the double hole of combination of long drives and drop shots, and efficient was low when large volume was freezed, the time is long; (2) above-mentionedly freeze scheme is carried out interface channel after finishing main constructing tunnel construction, thereby the duration is very long; (3) freezing curtain after structure is finished generally adopts nature to thaw, thereby can't effectively control the sedimentation of tunnel and interface channel.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of job practices of safe and reliable weak soil layer connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method is provided, it reasonably arranges freezing hole, freeze efficient with raising, control the stable of hole in the digging process effectively, and take thawing and thaw collapse slip casting measure of system with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally, sedimentation with control connection passage and tunnel, the dynamic digging mode that adopts interface channel excavation and tunnel propelling construction to carry out simultaneously simultaneously is to shorten construction period.
It is as follows that the present invention addresses the above problem the technical scheme of being taked:
A kind of job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method, comprise definite freezing parameters, arrange and bore and beat freezing hole, install and move the system that freezes, construction and excavation interface channel and construction monitoring monitoring, it is characterized in that: this job practices also includes with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally thaws and thaw collapse slip casting, it is when thawing naturally, adopt hot salt brine in freezing hole, to circulate, subregion forces to thaw frozen soil, the order at position of thawing is served as reasons down supreme, carry out thaw collapse slip casting by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, the order at slip casting position is similarly from the bottom to top; Described freezing hole divides inside and outside two rounds to arrange that hole length is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, takes the mode of two side perforatings; Dynamic digging mode is adopted in the construction of described excavation interface channel, and promptly the propelling construction in two main tunnels carries out simultaneously as usual.
The job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method of the present invention, it comprises following concrete steps successively:
(1) determines the construction freezing method parameter
According to actual condition, determine positive freezing period and brine temp, freezing curtain average temperature, freezing curtain intensity and the thickness of safeguarding freezing period:
1. freeze brine temp: positive freezing period: be not higher than-30 ℃, safeguard freezing period :-20～-25 ℃;
2. freezing curtain average temperature :-8～-15 ℃;
3. freezing curtain intensity: δ
Press=4.95MPa, δ
Stretch bending=2.7MPa, δ
Cut=2.4MPa;
4. freezing curtain thickness: interface channel normal reach 2.4m, interface channel oared segrne pii 2.1m.
(2) arrange and bore and beat freezing hole
According to interface channel planar dimension and structure stress feature placement freezing hole, this freezing hole is arranged and is divided inside and outside two rounds, hole length is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, take the hole knockout of both sides, freezing hole is arranged and is finely tuned to avoid main muscle according to the reinforcement of segment situation, adopts rig to carry out the construction of freezing hole then; The freezing hole punching is to utilize freezing pipe to make drilling rod, adopts with pipe bit, and this freezing pipe is the mild steel seamless steel pipe, adopts screwed connection, seam repair welding, and the maximum deflection 150mm that allows is guaranteed in strict monitoring in the drilling process, correction in time; Suppress leak test after creeping into end, eligible is following feed pipe in freezing pipe; Also be furnished with a plurality of thermometer holes and relief hole in the interface channel.
(3) install and move the system that freezes
In position the system that freezes that comprises Freezing Station, freezing unit, freezing plate, freezes pipeline and cooling water pipeline is installed, selects freezing unit, adopt CaCl according to the cold needs near interface channel
2Saline solution is a refrigerant agent, at freezing unit, freeze pipeline and section of jurisdiction, interface channel both sides place and take the insulation measure; After freezing system's Installation and Debugging normally, enter safeguarding freezing period behind positive freezing period before the interface channel excavation and the excavation successively, in positive freezing process, periodic monitor brine temp, brine flow and freezing curtain spread scenarios, per 2 hours of monitoring frequency is once.
(4) Dynamic Construction excavation interface channel
By surveying and calculate each aspect of freezing curtain, the thickness at each position and average temperature, if satisfied the excavation condition, promptly carry out the excavation construction of interface channel, interface channel adopts Mine Method to carry out the tunneling construction, in its excavation, propelling construction by two main tunnels of its connection carries out as usual, the excavation of interface channel is built and is into taked partitioned mode to carry out, at first carry out Freezing Station side horn mouth and lead cave, excavate channel part then to design size, brush the two ends horn mouth at last, the excavation step pitch of interface channel normal reach is 0.6m～0.8m, and the excavation step pitch of two ends oared segrne pii is 0.6m; The excavation supporting mode adopts temporary lining and twice supporting of permanent support, and temporary lining adopts steel bracket and plank lagging to add the sprayed mortar structure, and permanent support adopts monolithic reinforced concrete structure.
(5) thaw and thaw collapse slip casting with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally
Carry out artificial pressure of active and thaw when thawing naturally, adopt hot salt brine to circulate in freezing hole, subregion is forced the frozen soil that thaws, and the order at the position that thaws is served as reasons down supreme, the bottom frozen soil that promptly thaws earlier, and the middle part frozen soil that thaws again, top frozen soil at last thaws; Thaw collapse slip casting is undertaken by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, adopts normal temperature clear water punching mode to prolong Grouting Pipe to the freezing curtain outside, and the order at slip casting position is similarly from the bottom to top, promptly first channel base plate, passage both sides, passage top board at last again; The injecting paste material that described thaw collapse slip casting is used is based on cement-sodium silicate double liquid, and single liquid slurry is the shop, and grouting pressure is no more than 0.5MPa; Thaw collapse slip casting cooperation is forced to thaw to carry out, and finishes to force to thaw when the point for measuring temperature more than 95% reaches more than 0 ℃, and the end back of forcing to thaw can stop thaw collapse slip casting if measured data tends towards stability.
(6) construction monitoring monitoring
Construction overall process is out of shape all states and monitors in real time freezing in system, freezing curtain, the interface channel structure external force, tunnel structure frost-heave force and tunnel structure, and in time the feedback monitoring data with guiding construction.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement, its freezing hole adopts double hole to arrange and be slotted hole, therefore can form the freezing curtain that thickness is even, intensity is enough, freeze efficient thereby improved, control the stable of hole in the digging process effectively, the safety of construction and stablizing of engineering structures have been guaranteed, putting before this simultaneously, the dynamic digging mode that the present invention has taked interface channel excavation and main tunnel propelling construction to carry out simultaneously, thus construction period shortened greatly; In addition, the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method of the present invention has been taked manually to force thawing mode that freezing curtain is thawed with the active that combines of thawing naturally, this and cooperate the thaw collapse slip casting carry out together with it simultaneously, formed the thawing and control settlement measurement of artificial control of holonomic system, thereby controlled the sedimentation in two main tunnels of interface channel and connection thereof effectively, reached and guaranteed workmanship and reduce the effect of engineering to the influence of neighboring buildings, the present invention is applicable to the frozen construction of all kinds of weak soil layer interface channel.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
The job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method of the present invention is applicable in all kinds of weak soil layers construction freezing method of interface channel between the adjacent tunnel, it comprises definite freezing parameters, arrange and bore and beat freezing hole, install and move the system that freezes, contents such as construction and excavation interface channel and construction monitoring monitoring, unlike the prior art be: this job practices also includes with artificial pressure of the active that combines of thawing naturally thaws and thaw collapse slip casting step, it is when thawing naturally, adopt hot salt brine in freezing hole, to circulate, subregion forces to thaw frozen soil, the order at position of thawing is served as reasons down supreme, carry out thaw collapse slip casting by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, the order at slip casting position is similarly from the bottom to top; Described freezing hole divides inside and outside two rounds to arrange that hole length is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, takes the mode of two side perforatings; Dynamic digging mode is adopted in the construction of described excavation interface channel, and promptly the propelling construction in two main tunnels carries out simultaneously as usual.
The concrete steps and the content of operation of the job practices of described connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method are as follows:
(1) determines the construction freezing method parameter
According to actual condition, determine positive freezing period and brine temp, freezing curtain average temperature, freezing curtain intensity and the thickness of safeguarding freezing period.
The construction freezing method parameter is taked following index in sandy soil:
1. freeze brine temp: positive freezing period (40 days): be not higher than-30 ℃,
Safeguard freezing period (25 days) :-20～-25 ℃;
2. freezing curtain average temperature :-8～-15 ℃;
3. freezing curtain intensity: δ pressure=4.95MPa, δ stretch bending=2.7MPa, δ cut=2.4MPa;
4. freezing curtain thickness: determine interface channel normal reach 2.4m according to elastic theory or Finite Element, interface channel oared segrne pii 2.1m, and check strength assurance coefficient.
(2) arrange and bore and beat freezing hole
Arrange freezing hole according to interface channel planar dimension and structure stress characteristic Design, this freezing hole is arranged and is divided inside and outside two rounds, hole length all is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, take the hole knockout of both sides, simultaneously for guaranteeing that the main stress system in section of jurisdiction is not destroyed, the layout of freezing hole should be finely tuned according to the reinforcement of segment situation, to avoid main muscle.Orifice tube is pre-buried finishing when making the section of jurisdiction, reconfigurable as required orifice tube during construction.Also be furnished with a plurality of thermometer holes and relief hole in the interface channel, with the variations in temperature situation of monitoring freezing curtain scope different parts with carry out pressure release in good time.In the present embodiment, freezing hole quantity is: 22 of interior rounds, 18 of outer rounds; 4 of pressure relief vents, each 2 of every sides; 15 of thermometer holes.
The general 20# mild steel seamless steel pipe of selecting φ 108mm * 8mm, φ 95mm * 8mm or φ 89mm * 8mm is as freezing pipe, and freezing pipe adopts screwed connection, and seam is wanted repair welding, to guarantee its concentricity, linking intensity and sealing performance.Adopt the bigger MKD-5S type all-hydraulic drill of drilling ability to carry out the construction of freezing hole.The freezing hole punching is to utilize freezing pipe to make drilling rod, adopt with pipe bit, the deflection situation of strict monitoring freezing hole in the drilling process, to in time rectify a deviation in case find deflection, guarantee that the deflection (freezing hole becomes the distance between axially bored line and the design axis) of freezing hole is no more than the maximum deflection 150mm that allows; Will satisfy the maximum permission of the interior round of freezing hole spacing in addition is 1500mm, and effluxing the big permission spacing of Kongzui is 1900mm.Suppress leak test after creeping into end, pressure is controlled at 0.8MPa, keeps after 30 minutes pressure to descend and is no more than 0.05MPa, and it is qualified for pressure testing to stablize 15 minutes pressure no change persons again.Eligible is following feed pipe in freezing pipe.
(3) install and move the system that freezes
The position of freezing system is near interface channel, and it comprises Freezing Station, freezing unit, freezing plate, freezes pipeline and cooling water pipeline.Freezing Station is arranged in the running tunnel, and near the interface channel position, station equipment mainly comprises freezing unit, brine tank, brine pump, clarified water pump, cooling tower and control cabinet for power distribution etc.Calculate the freezing unit of selection according to freezing the cold needs, brine system is selected CaCl for use
2Saline solution is a refrigerant agent, and cooling water recirculation system is cooled off backwater by cooling tower and recycled.Pipeline connects with flange, freezes pipeline and cooling water pipeline and is provided with valve and test suites such as temperature measurer, pressure meter.Freezing pipe end regions in Freezing Station offside tunnel is arranged freezing plate.
Freeze pipeline and be incubated with warming plate or cotton-wool after leak test, cleaning, insulation thickness is not less than 30mm, and wrap up with plastic sheeting the outside of insulation layer; The evaporimeter and the cryogenic pipe of freezing unit are incubated with cotton-wool; Warming plate that brine tank is thick with freezing pipeline usefulness 50mm or cotton-wool insulation; Because concrete and steel pipe sheet will dispel the heat manyly with respect to soil layer easily, be to strengthen freezing curtain and section of jurisdiction gluing, the insulation measure is also taked on the surface of section of jurisdiction, interface channel both sides, insulation scope to the freezing curtain border 2 meters.
After installing, the system of freezing debugs and test running, make it normally operation under the technical data condition of technological procedure and equipment requirement, freeze the positive freezing period before system's running enters the interface channel excavation subsequently, soil layer is freezed so that form freezing curtain at construction area.In positive freezing process, periodic monitor brine temp, brine flow and freezing curtain spread scenarios, per 2 hours of monitoring frequency is once.The system that freezes behind the formal excavation of interface channel turns round to enter and safeguards freezing period that for guaranteeing the stability of freezing curtain, brine temp must not be higher than-22 ℃ during excavation, and the temperature difference of removing loop salt solution is less than 2 ℃.
(4) Dynamic Construction excavation interface channel
Measured data according to thermometer hole, calculate the frozen soil development radius under this freeze-off time, thereby draw freezing curtain thickness, draw the thickness and the average temperature at each aspect of freezing curtain, each position more in view of the above with equation or graphing method, if all reach following table 1 listed requirement, promptly satisfy the excavation condition, just can carry out the excavation construction of interface channel.
The preceding obturation effect of safety door being installed and being guaranteed safety door of excavation.Must carry out the inspecting hole inspection before the formal excavation, inspecting hole is beaten the weakness at freezing curtain, if inspecting hole place no swell sand gushing water phenomenon shows that then the stratum is stable, freezing curtain is normal, thermometric is respond well in addition, can open the steel pipe sheet and formally excavate.
The excavation of interface channel carries out under two main tunnels of its connection do as usual the condition of propelling construction simultaneously, and this is a dynamic digging mode of realizing interface channel first.
The primary condition that should possess before table 1 excavation
The excavation of interface channel adopts Mine Method to carry out the tunneling construction, and according to the engineering structures characteristics, the excavation of interface channel is built and into taked partitioned mode to carry out.For guaranteeing construction safety, carry out Freezing Station side horn mouth during excavation earlier and lead cave, excavate channel part then to design size, brush the two ends horn mouth at last.Because the soil body adopts freezing process to reinforce, frozen soil strength is higher, the freezing curtain supporting capacity is big, thereby excavation the time can adopt full section once to excavate (upper channel is except that horn mouth place side wall and vault), interface channel normal reach excavation step pitch is 0.6m～0.8m, oared segrne pii place, two ends section is bigger, and for alleviating the influence of excavation to tunnel deformation, the excavation step pitch is 0.6m.
The excavation supporting mode adopts twice supporting.Supporting for the first time is temporary lining, it adopts 4 groups of H250 * circular-arc steel bracket of 250mm type to form the structure that circular falsework and plank lagging add sprayed mortar to carry out supporting, set spacing is 0.6～0.8m, for increasing the stability of support, face mutually between two row's supports and interconnect with support bar, frozen soil body between all supports is tight with the real back of the body of the plank back of the body entirely, and a small amount of space is tight with the cement mortar filling, uses the linked network sprayed mortar at last.Supporting for the second time is a permanent support, and it adopts monolithic reinforced concrete structure.
(5) thaw and thaw collapse slip casting with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally
After the concrete intensity of interface channel agent structure reaches more than 75%, can carry out to the thawing and thaw collapse slip casting of freezing curtain the mode of thawing and taking nature to thaw and thaw and combine with artificial pressure initiatively.When thawing naturally, to force to thaw and adopt hot salt brine in freezing hole, to circulate, subregion is forced the frozen soil that thaws.The order at position of thawing is served as reasons down supreme, the bottom frozen soil that promptly thaws earlier, and the middle part frozen soil that thaws again, top frozen soil at last thaws.Take the reason of such order of thawing to be, when thawing bottom frozen soil, because middle part and top frozen soil also maintain lower temperature, thereby the frozen soil curtain is bearing the overlying water soil pressure jointly with cast good channel design layer and tunnel duct piece.
According to soil body temperature, the sedimentation situation of change of monitoring system monitoring, utilize superficial part Grouting Pipe and deep Grouting Pipe to carry out compaction grouting.Thaw collapse slip casting is undertaken by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, and the grouting sequence and the sequence consensus that thaws are similarly from the bottom to top, and promptly the order at slip casting position is first channel base plate, again passage both sides, passage top board at last.The thaw collapse injecting paste material is based on cement-sodium silicate double liquid, and single liquid slurry is the shop; Grouting pressure is no more than 0.5MPa, specifically will do suitable adjustment according to tunnel deformation monitoring situation.
When the intraday sedimentation of interface channel greater than 0.5mm, or the accumulative total sedimentation is then carried out the thaw collapse compensation and grouting during greater than 1.0mm; When reaching 2.0mm, the interface channel protuberance then suspends slip casting; Whether thaw collapse slip casting finishes to stabilize to foundation with tunnel deformation.Thaw collapse slip casting is thawed to cooperate with pressure and is carried out, and finishes to force to thaw when the point for measuring temperature more than 95% reaches more than 0 ℃, forces to thaw and finishes the back if measured data tends towards stability, and can stop thaw collapse slip casting.
(6) construction monitoring monitoring
For guarantee weak soil layer horizontal frozen method interface channel can safety, finish construction to high-quality, the construction monitoring of interface channel adopts underground construction freezing process information-aided construction monitoring system, external force, tunnel structure frost-heave force and tunnel structure are out of shape the real-time monitoring that all states carry out overall process in system, freezing curtain, the interface channel structure to freezing, and timely feedback monitoring data are with guiding construction.
The specific embodiment that below provides 2 job practicess that adopt connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method of the present invention to construct.
Certain is got over and is provided with eight interface channels between the bidirectional tunnel of river, all is positioned at the bottom of the river, between per two interface channels at a distance of about 830m.
Specific embodiment interface channel (two):
Interface channel (two) clear distance 15.199m, discrepancy in elevation 0.017m between the tunnel, its work progress is as follows:
(1) determines the construction freezing method parameter
1. freeze brine temp: positive freezing period: be not higher than-30 ℃,
Safeguard freezing period :-20 ℃～-25 ℃;
2. freezing curtain average temperature :-8 ℃～-15 ℃;
3. freezing curtain intensity: δ
Press=4.95MPa; δ
Stretch bending=2.7MPa; δ
Cut=2.4MPa;
4. freezing curtain thickness: interface channel normal reach 2.4m, interface channel oared segrne pii 2.1m.
(2) freezing hole is arranged
1. freezing hole major parameter
Freezing hole spacing: arrange freezing hole according to interface channel planar dimension and stress characteristic and the principle of avoiding section of jurisdiction master's muscle, freezing hole is arranged and is divided inside and outside two rounds, interior row's freezing hole spacing is less than 1500m, efflux the freezing hole spacing less than 1900m, hole length all is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, takes the hole knockout of both sides.
Slanting of freezing hole control: partially, for reducing the frozen soil excavation amount, the maximum deflection of distance was not in 150mm between control freezing hole pore-forming track and the planned course in freezing hole did not allow in principle.
2. freezing hole position and quantity
Freeze hole count: interface channel (two): 14 of eastern threaded list road inner ring holes; 22 of threaded list road, west cycle holes.
3. freezing pipe specification
According to construction technology, freezing pipe adopts
The mild steel seamless steel pipe.
4. freezing hole construction equipment
In view of this channel section geological conditions and construction characteristic, the MKD-5S type all-hydraulic drill that the horizontal drilling ability of employing is bigger carries out the brill of freezing hole and plays construction.
5. thermometer hole and pressure relief vent are arranged
Interface channel is arranged 9 thermometer holes, and eastern line is laid 7, and western line is laid 2, its objective is the variations in temperature situation of measuring different parts in the freezing curtain scope, so that adopt corresponding Comprehensive Control measure, guarantees the safety of constructing; Pressure relief vent is arranged 4, and both sides are respectively arranged 2.
(3) freezing hole construction
1. put a little with transit survey, measure the front and back point of axis on tunnel duct piece of all freezing holes, and with red lacquer mark; Adopt level gauge to measure level height difference and pitch angle, transit is measured azimuth and actual apertures position.
2. utilize freezing pipe to make drilling rod, adopt with pipe bit, freezing pipe adopts screwed connection, seam repair welding, guarantees its concentricity, linking intensity and sealing performance.
3. the slanting of freezing hole situation is monitored in strictness in the drilling process, and the discovery deflection will in time be rectified a deviation.Creep into finish after, carry out the repetition measurement of freezing pipe length, and then carry out deviational survey and draw hole scattering figure with horizontal inclinometer.Suppress leak test after freezing pipe length and deflection are qualified again, pressure is controlled at 0.65MPa, stablizes after 30 minutes pressure and descends that to be no more than 0.05MPa person qualified for pressure testing.
4. the qualified back of pressure testing feed pipe down in freezing pipe, weld the freezing pipe end cap then and go, the loop goat's horn.
(4) Freezing Station device parameter
1. chiller plant
According to the on-the-spot cold needs of interface channel situation, adopt 2 freezing units of W-YSLGF300II, freezing period running is safeguarded in actively 2 runnings simultaneously between freezing period, one is standby.When brine temp during 28 ℃ of-30 ℃, cooling water temperature, the freezing unit refrigerating capacity of separate unit W-YSLGF300II can reach 8.6 * 10
4Kcal/h.
2. brine system
Select CaCl for use
2Saline solution is a refrigerant agent, and solution severe is controlled at 1260kg/m
3About, the freezing point of solution is-38.6 ℃.
Working properly for guaranteeing brine circulation system, be equipped with 2 brine pumps, this brine pump model is IS200-125-315A, its power of motor 30kw, total flow 400m
3/ h.
3. cooling water recirculation system
According to freezing unit and refrigerating capacity requirement are installed, interface channel freezes the about 200m of cooling water internal circulating load
3/ h, cold in-water temperature are 27～30 ℃, and return water temperature is 31～34 ℃; Be using water wisely, 2 50m are installed
3KST-80 type cooling tower, backwater is cooled off, guarantee recirculated water utilization rate 80%, the fresh water magnitude of recruitment is 15m
3/ h.
4. other
Refrigerator oil: N46 refrigerator oil;
Cold-producing medium: freon F-22 cold-producing medium.
(5) freezing system installs
1. the Freezing Station Housing, Furniture, Furnishing And Equipment is installed
Freezing Station is arranged in the tunnel the about 80m of floor space
2, station equipment mainly comprises freezing unit, brine tank, brine pump, clarified water pump, cooling tower and control cabinet for power distribution etc.
2. pipeline connection, insulation and test instrumentation
Pipeline connects with flange, is freezing on the pipeline testing elements such as expansion joint, valve and temperature measurer, pressure meter, flow meter to be set, and 1 of each mounted valve of the import and export of every freezing pipe is so that the control flow; Freezing pipe end regions in Freezing Station offside tunnel is arranged freezing plate.
The evaporimeter and the cryogenic pipe of freezing unit are incubated with cotton-wool, and brine tank and freezing pipe main are incubated with the thick polystyrol plastic foam plate of 50mm; Freeze pipeline and be incubated with warming plate or cotton-wool after leak test, cleaning, insulation thickness is not less than 30mm, and wrap up with plastic sheeting the outside of insulation layer; Because concrete and steel pipe sheet will dispel the heat manyly with respect to soil layer easily, be to strengthen freezing curtain and section of jurisdiction gluing, the insulation measure is also taked on the surface of section of jurisdiction, interface channel both sides, insulation scope to the freezing curtain border 2 meters.
3. dissolve CaCl
2Filling fluorine with freezing unit refuels
Salt solution (CaCl
2Solution) proportion is 1.26, is full of earlier clear water in brine tank, dissolving CaCl
2, send into again in the freezing pipe main, till brine system is full of, dissolving CaCl
2The time to remove impurity.
Freezing unit fills fluorine and refuels and carry out according to the requirement of equipment operating manual, at first carries out the leak detection and the nitrogen wash of refrigeration system, after guaranteeing system's leakproof, fills fluorine again and refuels.
(6) system is freezed in operation, actively freezes to freeze with maintenance
1. freeze system's test running and actively freeze
After installing, the system of freezing debugs and test running; When test running, regulate each state parameter such as pressure, temperature at any time, freezing unit is moved under the technical data condition of relevant technological procedure and equipment requirement.Enter positive freezing period after the system of freezing works well, in positive freezing process, regularly detect brine temp, brine flow and freezing curtain spread scenarios, per 2 hours of monitoring frequency once.
2. examination is dug with maintenance and is freezed
In positive freezing process, judge according to observed temperature data whether freezing curtain is handed over circle and reached design thickness, carries out the inspecting hole examination again and dig after freezing curtain is handed over circle and reached design thickness, does not formally excavate after soil layer has pressure substantially in the affirmation freezing curtain.Behind the formal excavation, according to the stability of freezing curtain, enter and safeguard freezing period, suitably improve brine temp this moment, but must not be higher than-22 ℃.
(7) interface channel dynamically excavates and construction
1. safe escape door is installed
Safe escape door be consider that the interface channel excavation is constructed during, when a large amount of sand take place in freezing curtain, swelling goes out or displacement deformation overflows, and under the invalid situation of other emergency measures, for guaranteeing what tunnel safety used; Requirement solid and reliable, the door leaf conveniently opening and closing that safe escape door reaches.
2. interface channel dynamically excavates
Carry out the inspecting hole inspection before the formal excavation, inspecting hole is beaten the weakness at freezing curtain, if inspecting hole place no swell sand gushing water phenomenon shows that then the stratum is stable, freezing curtain is normal, thermometric is respond well in addition, then opens the steel pipe sheet subsequently and formally excavates; According to the engineering structures characteristics, the interface channel excavation adopts Mine Method to carry out the tunneling construction, and driving takes the subregion layered mode to carry out; In the time of the interface channel excavation, two main tunnels of its connection still continue propelling construction as usual.
Carry out Freezing Station side horn mouth during excavation earlier and lead cave, excavate channel part then, brush the two ends horn mouth at last to design size; Because the soil body adopts freezing process to reinforce, frozen soil strength is higher, the freezing curtain supporting capacity is big, thereby excavation adopts full section once to excavate (upper channel is except that horn mouth place side wall and vault), interface channel normal reach excavation step pitch is 0.6m～0.8m, oared segrne pii place, two ends section is bigger, and for alleviating the influence of excavation to tunnel deformation, the excavation step pitch is 0.6m.
3. temporary lining
Behind the interface channel excavation, the balancing of stresses that formation crude has is damaged, and causes the redistribution of stress in the stratum around the passage, causes the freezing pipe distortion thereby the stress of this redistribution makes freezing curtain produce creep; Be the development of controlled deformation, in time freezing curtain carried out supporting behind the frozen soil excavation, temporary lining had both been played and had been safeguarded that the stratum stablized, guarantees the effect of construction safety, again can be as the part of permanent support.Temporary lining adopts that 4 groups of H250 * circular falsework formed by the circular-arc steel bracket of 250mm type and plank lagging adds the sprayed mortar structure, and set spacing is 0.6～0.8m, is the stability that increases support, must interconnect with support bar between adjacent two row's supports; Frozen soil body between all supports is tight with the real back of the body of the plank back of the body entirely, and a small amount of space is tight with the cement mortar filling, uses the linked network sprayed mortar at last.
4. construction of waterproof layer
According to the characteristics of this engineering with come from excavation and construct safe consideration, adopt the inner waterproofing construction, promptly temporary lining is finished after at its surface laying waterproofing course, waterproofing course is selected cement-base waterproof coating for use; When laying waterproofing course, concrete structural surface will be cleaned out, and reaching does not have infiltration, greasy dirt etc., selects for use injecting paste material such as polyamine fat that infiltration is put before the construction of waterproof layer and carries out grouting for water plugging.
5. permanent support
Permanent support is a reinforced concrete structure, for reducing the concrete construction seam, the form of construction work that concreting adopts segmentation to build, use the hard tube delivering concrete in case of necessity, or adopt outside shake to smash (promptly smashing) with the form vibrator shake, to increase work efficiency, guarantee masonry quality; Concrete is built continuous placing, as can not continuous pouring because of cause specific the time, cuts a hole into hair side connecing a batch position, to guarantee concrete cementability; When reaching 100% design strength, the concrete structural strength carries out form removal.
(8) thaw and thaw collapse slip casting with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally
After the concrete intensity of interface channel agent structure reaches more than 75%, can carry out to the thawing and thaw collapse slip casting of freezing curtain the mode of thawing and taking nature to thaw and thaw and combine with artificial pressure initiatively.When thawing naturally, to force to thaw and adopt hot salt brine in freezing hole, to circulate, subregion is forced the frozen soil that thaws.The order at position of thawing is served as reasons down supreme, the bottom frozen soil that promptly thaws earlier, and the middle part frozen soil that thaws again, top frozen soil at last thaws.This is because when thawing bottom frozen soil, because middle part and top frozen soil also maintain lower temperature, thereby the frozen soil curtain can bear the overlying water soil pressure jointly with cast good channel design layer and tunnel duct piece.
According to soil body temperature, the sedimentation situation of change of monitoring system monitoring, utilize superficial part Grouting Pipe and deep Grouting Pipe to carry out compaction grouting.Thaw collapse slip casting is undertaken by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, and the grouting sequence and the sequence consensus that thaws are similarly from the bottom to top, and promptly the order at slip casting position is first channel base plate, again passage both sides, passage top board at last.The thaw collapse injecting paste material is based on cement-sodium silicate double liquid, and single liquid slurry is the shop; Grouting pressure is no more than 0.5MPa, specifically will do suitable adjustment according to tunnel deformation monitoring situation.
When the intraday sedimentation of interface channel greater than 0.5mm, or the accumulative total sedimentation is then carried out the thaw collapse compensation and grouting during greater than 1.0mm; When reaching 2.0mm, the interface channel protuberance then suspends slip casting; Whether thaw collapse slip casting finishes to stabilize to foundation with tunnel deformation.Thaw collapse slip casting is thawed to cooperate with pressure and is carried out, and finishes to force to thaw when the point for measuring temperature more than 95% reaches more than 0 ℃, forces to thaw and finishes the back if measured data tends towards stability, and can stop thaw collapse slip casting.
(9) construction monitoring monitoring
The construction monitoring of interface channel adopts underground construction freezing process information-aided construction monitoring system, and technological parameter and structural behavior are carried out the real-time monitoring of overall process, and timely feedback monitoring data are with guiding construction.Monitoring thes contents are as follows:
1. freezing hole construction
Drilling depth, the freezing pipe degree of skewness is freezed the system sealing performance.
2. freeze the system monitoring content
Freeze that pipeline goes, the loop brine temp, cooling circulating water water-in and water-out temperature, freezing unit suction and discharge temperature, freezing unit suction and discharge pressure, refrigeration system condensing pressure, refrigeration system pressure for vaporization, brine flow.
3. freezing curtain
Hydrology pressure relief vent pressure changes and variations in temperature in the freezing curtain internal temperature field, freezing curtain section, excavation back freezing curtain surface displacement in open-assembly time, excavation back freezing curtain surface temperature.
4. tunnel structure changes
The sedimentation deformation in tunnel, the level in tunnel and the convergent deformation of vertical direction.
Specific embodiment interface channel (five):
Interface channel (five) clear distance 15.184m, discrepancy in elevation 0.018m between the tunnel.Its work progress is as follows:
(1) determines the construction freezing method parameter
1. freeze brine temp: positive freezing period: be not higher than-30 ℃,
Safeguard freezing period :-20 ℃～-25 ℃;
2. freezing curtain average temperature :-8 ℃～-15 ℃;
3. freezing curtain intensity: δ
Press=4.95MPa; δ
Stretch bending=2.7MPa; δ
Cut=2.4MPa;
4. freezing curtain thickness: interface channel normal reach 2.4m, interface channel oared segrne pii 2.1m.
(2) freezing hole is arranged
1. freezing hole major parameter
Freezing hole spacing: arrange freezing hole according to interface channel planar dimension and stress characteristic and the principle of avoiding section of jurisdiction master's muscle, freezing hole is arranged and is divided inside and outside two rounds, interior row's freezing hole spacing is less than 1500m, efflux the freezing hole spacing less than 1900m, hole length all is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, takes the hole knockout of both sides.
Slanting of freezing hole control: partially, for reducing the frozen soil excavation amount, the maximum deflection of distance was not in 150mm between control freezing hole pore-forming track and the planned course in freezing hole did not allow in principle.
2. freezing hole position and quantity
Freeze hole count: interface channel (five): 14 of eastern threaded list road inner ring holes; 22 of threaded list road, west cycle holes.
3. freezing pipe specification
According to construction technology, freezing pipe adopts
108 * 8mm20# mild steel seamless steel pipe.
4. freezing hole construction equipment
In view of this channel section geological conditions and construction characteristic, the MKD-5S type all-hydraulic drill that the horizontal drilling ability of employing is bigger carries out the brill of freezing hole and plays construction.
5. thermometer hole and pressure relief vent are arranged
Interface channel is arranged 9 thermometer holes, and eastern line is laid 7, and western line is laid 2, its objective is the variations in temperature situation of measuring different parts in the freezing curtain scope, so that adopt corresponding Comprehensive Control measure, guarantees the safety of constructing; Pressure relief vent is arranged 4, and both sides are respectively arranged 2.
(3) freezing hole construction
1. put a little with transit survey, measure the front and back point of axis on tunnel duct piece of all freezing holes, and with red lacquer mark; Adopt level gauge to measure level height difference and pitch angle, transit is measured azimuth and actual apertures position.
2. utilize freezing pipe to make drilling rod, adopt with pipe bit, freezing pipe adopts screwed connection, seam repair welding, guarantees its concentricity, linking intensity and sealing performance.
3. the slanting of freezing hole situation is monitored in strictness in the drilling process, and the discovery deflection will in time be rectified a deviation.Creep into finish after, carry out the repetition measurement of freezing pipe length, and then carry out deviational survey and draw hole scattering figure with horizontal inclinometer.Suppress leak test after freezing pipe length and deflection are qualified again, pressure is controlled at 0.65MPa, stablizes after 30 minutes pressure and descends that to be no more than 0.05MPa person qualified for pressure testing.
4. the qualified back of pressure testing feed pipe down in freezing pipe, weld the freezing pipe end cap then and go, the loop goat's horn.
(4) Freezing Station device parameter
1. chiller plant
According to the on-the-spot cold needs of interface channel situation, adopt 2 freezing units of W-YSLGF300II, freezing period running is safeguarded in actively 2 runnings simultaneously between freezing period, one is standby.When brine temp during 28 ℃ of-30 ℃, cooling water temperature, the freezing unit refrigerating capacity of separate unit W-YSLGF300II can reach 8.6 * 10
4Kcal/h.
2. brine system
Select CaCl for use
2Saline solution is a refrigerant agent, and solution severe is controlled at 1260kg/m
3About, the freezing point of solution is-38.6 ℃.
Working properly for guaranteeing brine circulation system, be equipped with 2 brine pumps, this brine pump model is IS200-125-315A, its power of motor 30kw, total flow 400m
3/ h.
3. cooling water recirculation system
According to freezing unit and refrigerating capacity requirement are installed, interface channel freezes the about 200m of cooling water internal circulating load
3/ h, cold in-water temperature are 27～30 ℃, and return water temperature is 31～34 ℃; Be using water wisely, 2 50m are installed
3KST-80 type cooling tower, backwater is cooled off, guarantee recirculated water utilization rate 80%, the fresh water magnitude of recruitment is 15m
3/ h.
4. other
Refrigerator oil: N46 refrigerator oil;
Cold-producing medium: freon F-22 cold-producing medium.
(5) freezing system installs
1. the Freezing Station Housing, Furniture, Furnishing And Equipment is installed
Freezing Station is arranged in the tunnel, the about 80m of floor space
2, station equipment mainly comprises freezing unit, brine tank, brine pump, clarified water pump, cooling tower and control cabinet for power distribution etc.
2. pipeline connection, insulation and test instrumentation
Pipeline connects with flange, freezes pipeline and is provided with testing elements such as expansion joint, valve and temperature measurer, pressure meter, flow meter, and 1 of each mounted valve of the import and export of every freezing pipe is so that the control flow; Freezing pipe end regions in Freezing Station offside tunnel is arranged freezing plate.
The evaporimeter and the cryogenic pipe of freezing unit are incubated with cotton-wool, and brine tank and freezing pipe main are incubated with the thick polystyrol plastic foam plate of 50mm; Freeze pipeline and be incubated with warming plate or cotton-wool after leak test, cleaning, insulation thickness is not less than 30mm, and wrap up with plastic sheeting the outside of insulation layer; Because concrete and steel pipe sheet will dispel the heat manyly with respect to soil layer easily, be to strengthen freezing curtain and section of jurisdiction gluing, the insulation measure is also taked on the surface of section of jurisdiction, interface channel both sides, insulation scope to the freezing curtain border 2 meters.
3. dissolve CaCl
2Filling fluorine with freezing unit refuels
Salt solution (CaCl
2Solution) proportion is 1.26, is full of earlier clear water in brine tank, dissolving CaCl
2, send into again in the freezing pipe main, till brine system is full of, dissolving CaCl
2The time to remove impurity.
The fluorine that fills of freezing unit carries out according to the requirement of equipment operating manual with refueling, and at first carries out the leak detection and the nitrogen wash of refrigeration system, after guaranteeing system's leakproof, fills fluorine again and refuels.
(6) system is freezed in operation, actively freezes to freeze with maintenance
1. freeze system's test running and actively freeze
After installing, the system of freezing debugs and test running; When test running, regulate each state parameter such as pressure, temperature at any time, freezing unit is moved under the technical data condition of relevant technological procedure and equipment requirement.Enter positive freezing period after the system of freezing works well, in positive freezing process, regularly detect brine temp, brine flow and freezing curtain spread scenarios, per 2 hours of monitoring frequency once.
2. examination is dug with maintenance and is freezed
In positive freezing process, judge according to observed temperature data whether freezing curtain is handed over circle and reached design thickness, carries out the inspecting hole examination again and dig after freezing curtain is handed over circle and reached design thickness, does not formally excavate after soil layer has pressure substantially in the affirmation freezing curtain.Behind the formal excavation, according to the stability of freezing curtain, enter and safeguard freezing period, suitably improve brine temp this moment, but must not be higher than-22 ℃.
(7) interface channel dynamically excavates and construction
1. safe escape door is installed
Safe escape door be consider that the interface channel excavation is constructed during, when a large amount of sand take place in freezing curtain, swelling goes out or displacement deformation overflows, and under the invalid situation of other emergency measures, for guaranteeing what tunnel safety used; Requirement solid and reliable, the door leaf conveniently opening and closing that safe escape door reaches.
2. interface channel dynamically excavates
Carry out the inspecting hole inspection before the formal excavation, inspecting hole is beaten the weakness at freezing curtain, if inspecting hole place no swell sand gushing water phenomenon shows that then the stratum is stable, freezing curtain is normal, thermometric is respond well in addition, then opens the steel pipe sheet subsequently and formally excavates; According to the engineering structures characteristics, the interface channel excavation adopts Mine Method to carry out the tunneling construction, and driving takes the subregion layered mode to carry out; In the time of the interface channel excavation, two main tunnels of its connection still continue propelling construction as usual.
Carry out Freezing Station side horn mouth during excavation earlier and lead cave, excavate channel part then, brush the two ends horn mouth at last to design size; Because the soil body adopts freezing process to reinforce, frozen soil strength is higher, the freezing curtain supporting capacity is big, thereby excavation adopts full section once to excavate (upper channel is except that horn mouth place side wall and vault), interface channel normal reach excavation step pitch is 0.6m～0.8m, oared segrne pii place, two ends section is bigger, and for alleviating the influence of excavation to tunnel deformation, the excavation step pitch is 0.6m.
3. temporary lining
Behind the interface channel excavation, the balancing of stresses that formation crude has is damaged, and causes the redistribution of stress in the stratum around the passage, causes the freezing pipe distortion thereby the stress of this redistribution makes freezing curtain produce creep; Be the development of controlled deformation, in time freezing curtain carried out supporting behind the frozen soil excavation, temporary lining had both been played and had been safeguarded that the stratum stablized, guarantees the effect of construction safety, again can be as the part of permanent support.Temporary lining adopts that 4 groups of H250 * circular falsework formed by the circular-arc steel bracket of 250mm type and plank lagging adds the sprayed mortar structure, and set spacing is 0.6～0.8m, is the stability that increases support, must interconnect with support bar between adjacent two row's supports; Frozen soil body between all supports is tight with the real back of the body of the plank back of the body entirely, and a small amount of space is tight with the cement mortar filling, uses the linked network sprayed mortar at last.
4. construction of waterproof layer
According to the characteristics of this engineering with come from excavation and construct safe consideration, adopt the inner waterproofing construction, promptly temporary lining is finished after at its surface laying waterproofing course, waterproofing course is selected cement-base waterproof coating for use; When laying waterproofing course, concrete structural surface will be cleaned out, and reaching does not have infiltration, greasy dirt etc., selects for use injecting paste material such as polyamine fat that infiltration is put before the construction of waterproof layer and carries out grouting for water plugging.
5. permanent support
Permanent support is a reinforced concrete structure, for reducing the concrete construction seam, the form of construction work that concreting adopts segmentation to build, use the hard tube delivering concrete in case of necessity, or adopt outside shake to smash (promptly smashing) with the form vibrator shake, to increase work efficiency, guarantee masonry quality; Concrete is built continuous placing, as can not continuous pouring because of cause specific the time, will connect a batch position and cut a hole into hair side, to guarantee concrete cementability; When reaching 100% design strength, the concrete structural strength carries out form removal.
(8) thaw and thaw collapse slip casting with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally
After the concrete intensity of interface channel agent structure reaches more than 75%, can carry out to the thawing and thaw collapse slip casting of freezing curtain the mode of thawing and taking nature to thaw and thaw and combine with artificial pressure initiatively.When thawing naturally, to force to thaw and adopt hot salt brine in freezing hole, to circulate, subregion is forced the frozen soil that thaws.The order at position of thawing is served as reasons down supreme, the bottom frozen soil that promptly thaws earlier, and the middle part frozen soil that thaws again, top frozen soil at last thaws.This is because when thawing bottom frozen soil, because middle part and top frozen soil also maintain lower temperature, thereby the frozen soil curtain can bear the overlying water soil pressure jointly with cast good channel design layer and tunnel duct piece.
According to soil body temperature, the sedimentation situation of change of monitoring system monitoring, utilize superficial part Grouting Pipe and deep Grouting Pipe to carry out compaction grouting.Thaw collapse slip casting is undertaken by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, and the grouting sequence and the sequence consensus that thaws are similarly from the bottom to top, and promptly the order at slip casting position is first channel base plate, again passage both sides, passage top board at last.The thaw collapse injecting paste material is based on cement-sodium silicate double liquid, and single liquid slurry is the shop; Grouting pressure is no more than 0.5MPa, specifically will do suitable adjustment according to tunnel deformation monitoring situation.
When the intraday sedimentation of interface channel greater than 0.5mm, or the accumulative total sedimentation is then carried out the thaw collapse compensation and grouting during greater than 1.0mm; When reaching 2.0mm, the interface channel protuberance then suspends slip casting; Whether thaw collapse slip casting finishes to stabilize to foundation with tunnel deformation.Thaw collapse slip casting is thawed to cooperate with pressure and is carried out, and finishes to force to thaw when the point for measuring temperature more than 95% reaches more than 0 ℃, forces to thaw and finishes the back if measured data tends towards stability, and can stop thaw collapse slip casting.
(9) construction monitoring monitoring
The construction monitoring of interface channel adopts underground construction freezing process information-aided construction monitoring system, and technological parameter and structural behavior are carried out the real-time monitoring of overall process, and timely feedback monitoring data are with guiding construction.Monitoring thes contents are as follows:
1. freezing hole construction
Drilling depth, the freezing pipe degree of skewness is freezed the system sealing performance.
2. freeze the system monitoring content
Freeze that pipeline goes, the loop brine temp, cooling circulating water water-in and water-out temperature, freezing unit suction and discharge temperature, freezing unit suction and discharge pressure, refrigeration system condensing pressure, refrigeration system pressure for vaporization, brine flow.
3. freezing curtain
Hydrology pressure relief vent pressure changes and variations in temperature in the freezing curtain internal temperature field, freezing curtain section, excavation back freezing curtain surface displacement in open-assembly time, excavation back freezing curtain surface temperature.
4. tunnel structure changes
The sedimentation deformation in tunnel, the level in tunnel and the convergent deformation of vertical direction.
In sum, freezing hole in the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method of the present invention adopts double hole to arrange and be slotted hole, therefore it is even to form thickness, the freezing curtain that intensity is enough, improved and freezed efficient, also taked simultaneously manually to force thawing mode that freezing curtain is thawed with the active that combines of thawing naturally, formed the thawing and control settlement measurement of artificial control of holonomic system together with thaw collapse slip casting, thereby the present invention can control the sedimentation in stable and the interface channel and the two main tunnels at hole in the digging process effectively, guaranteed construction safety and workmanship, reduced the influence of engineering neighboring buildings; Putting before this simultaneously, the dynamic digging mode that the present invention has taked interface channel excavation and main tunnel propelling construction to carry out simultaneously, thus shortened construction period greatly.That the present invention has is safe, save the advantage of duration, is applicable to the frozen construction of all kinds of weak soil layer interface channel.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method, comprise definite freezing parameters, arrange and bore and beat freezing hole, install and move the system that freezes, construction and excavation interface channel and construction monitoring monitoring, it is characterized in that: this job practices also includes with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally thaws and thaw collapse slip casting, it is when thawing naturally, adopt hot salt brine in freezing hole, to circulate, subregion forces to thaw frozen soil, the order at position of thawing is served as reasons down supreme, carry out thaw collapse slip casting by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, the order at slip casting position is similarly from the bottom to top; Described freezing hole divides inside and outside two rounds to arrange that hole length is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, takes the mode of two side perforatings; Dynamic digging mode is adopted in the construction of described excavation interface channel, and promptly the propelling construction in two main tunnels carries out simultaneously as usual.
2, the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this job practices comprises following concrete steps successively:
(1) determines the construction freezing method parameter
According to actual condition, determine positive freezing period and brine temp, freezing curtain average temperature, freezing curtain intensity and the thickness of safeguarding freezing period;
(2) arrange and bore and beat freezing hole
According to interface channel planar dimension and structure stress feature placement freezing hole, this freezing hole is arranged and is divided inside and outside two rounds, hole length is as the criterion to run into the offside section of jurisdiction, take the hole knockout of both sides, freezing hole is arranged and is finely tuned to avoid main muscle according to the reinforcement of segment situation, adopts rig to carry out the construction of freezing hole then;
(3) install and move the system that freezes
In position the system that freezes that comprises Freezing Station, freezing unit, freezing plate, freezes pipeline and cooling water pipeline is installed, selects freezing unit, adopt CaCl according to the cold needs near interface channel
2Saline solution is a refrigerant agent, freeze system's Installation and Debugging normal after, enter safeguarding freezing period behind positive freezing period before the interface channel excavation and the excavation successively;
(4) interface channel is dynamically excavated in construction
By surveying and calculate each aspect of freezing curtain, the thickness at each position and average temperature, if satisfied the excavation condition, promptly carry out the excavation construction of interface channel, interface channel adopts Mine Method to carry out the tunneling construction, in its excavation, propelling construction by two main tunnels of its connection carries out as usual, the excavation of interface channel is built and is into taked partitioned mode to carry out, at first carry out Freezing Station side horn mouth and lead cave, excavate channel part then to design size, brush the two ends horn mouth at last, the excavation supporting mode adopts temporary lining and twice supporting of permanent support, temporary lining adopts steel bracket and plank lagging to add the sprayed mortar structure, and permanent support adopts monolithic reinforced concrete structure;
(5) thaw and thaw collapse slip casting with artificial pressure of active that combines of thawing naturally
Carrying out artificial pressure of active when thawing naturally thaws, adopt hot salt brine to circulate in freezing hole, subregion is forced the frozen soil that thaws, and the order at the position that thaws is served as reasons down supreme, bottom frozen soil promptly thaws earlier, frozen soil in the middle part of thawing again, the top frozen soil that thaws at last, thaw collapse slip casting is undertaken by pre-buried Grouting Pipe, the order at slip casting position is similarly from the bottom to top, be first channel base plate, passage both sides again, last passage top board;
(6) construction monitoring monitoring
Construction overall process is out of shape all states and monitors in real time freezing in system, freezing curtain, the interface channel structure external force, tunnel structure frost-heave force and tunnel structure, and in time the feedback monitoring data with guiding construction.
3, the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the determined construction freezing method parameter area of step (1) is:
1. freeze brine temp: positive freezing period: be not higher than-30 ℃, safeguard freezing period :-20～-25 ℃;
2. freezing curtain average temperature :-8～-15 ℃;
3. freezing curtain intensity: δ
Press=4.95MPa, δ
Stretch bending=2.7MPa, δ
Cut=2.4MPa;
4. freezing curtain thickness: interface channel normal reach 2.4m, interface channel oared segrne pii 2.1m.
4, the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described freezing hole punching of step (2) is to utilize freezing pipe to make drilling rod, adopt with pipe bit, this freezing pipe is the mild steel seamless steel pipe, adopt screwed connection, seam repair welding, the maximum deflection 150mm that allows is guaranteed in strict monitoring in the drilling process, correction in time; Suppress leak test after creeping into end, eligible is following feed pipe in freezing pipe; Also be furnished with a plurality of thermometer holes and relief hole in the interface channel.
5, the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: step (3) is described freeze system at freezing unit, freeze pipeline and place, section of jurisdiction, interface channel both sides takes the insulation measure, this freezes system in positive freezing process, periodic monitor brine temp, brine flow and freezing curtain spread scenarios, per 2 hours of monitoring frequency are once.
6, the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the excavation step pitch of the described interface channel normal reach of step (4) is 0.6m～0.8m, and the excavation step pitch of two ends oared segrne pii is 0.6m.
7, the job practices of connection passage by double-row hole horizontal freezing method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the injecting paste material that the described thaw collapse slip casting of step (5) is used is based on cement-sodium silicate double liquid, single liquid slurry is the shop, and grouting pressure is no more than 0.5MPa; Thaw collapse slip casting cooperation is forced to thaw to carry out, and finishes to force to thaw when the point for measuring temperature more than 95% reaches more than 0 ℃, and the end back of forcing to thaw can stop thaw collapse slip casting if measured data tends towards stability.
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| CN108798677A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-13 | 中煤隧道工程有限公司 | A kind of Metro Connection Passage method for rapidly thawing |
| CN109252867A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-22 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | A kind of defreezing method of combined type |
| CN109268018A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-25 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | The device and method of synchronous thaw settlement grouting when a kind of defrosting |
| CN109488305A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of frigo arrangement applied during damaged Shaft repair |
| CN110056359A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | The freezing hole construction method of tunnel freezing curtain |
| CN110130316A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-16 | 南京林业大学 | The method of thaw collapse after service channel bottom pre-pouring grout system and control freezing construction |
| CN110159275A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-23 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Water-rich sand layer geology Metro Thoroughfare freezing hole arragement construction and construction method |
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| CN114934776A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-23 | 中铁一局集团(广州)建设工程有限公司 | Construction method for inhibiting frost heaving and thaw collapse of water-rich geology |
| CN115977650A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-04-18 | 安徽理工大学 | Communication freezing system based on plane skew connection channel and construction method thereof |
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2008
- 2008-12-30 CN CNA2008102048654A patent/CN101463724A/en active Pending
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| CN108798677A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-13 | 中煤隧道工程有限公司 | A kind of Metro Connection Passage method for rapidly thawing |
| CN108678774A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-10-19 | 广东华隧建设集团股份有限公司 | A kind of section of jurisdiction with freezing function |
| CN109268018A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-25 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | The device and method of synchronous thaw settlement grouting when a kind of defrosting |
| CN109252867A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-22 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | A kind of defreezing method of combined type |
| CN109488305A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of frigo arrangement applied during damaged Shaft repair |
| CN110056359A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | The freezing hole construction method of tunnel freezing curtain |
| CN110130316A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-16 | 南京林业大学 | The method of thaw collapse after service channel bottom pre-pouring grout system and control freezing construction |
| CN110159275A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-23 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Water-rich sand layer geology Metro Thoroughfare freezing hole arragement construction and construction method |
| CN112112244A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-22 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Construction method of drainage channel in limited space |
| CN112112244B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-05-10 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Construction method of drainage channel in limited space |
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| CN114934776A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-23 | 中铁一局集团(广州)建设工程有限公司 | Construction method for inhibiting frost heaving and thaw collapse of water-rich geology |
| CN115977650A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-04-18 | 安徽理工大学 | Communication freezing system based on plane skew connection channel and construction method thereof |
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