CN109553426A - 一种耐高温陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐高温陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109553426A
CN109553426A CN201811586977.0A CN201811586977A CN109553426A CN 109553426 A CN109553426 A CN 109553426A CN 201811586977 A CN201811586977 A CN 201811586977A CN 109553426 A CN109553426 A CN 109553426A
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李玲玲
吴斌
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Foshan University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐高温陶瓷，按质量份数计，包括以下原料：15～30份锆英石、40～60份锂辉石粉、30～50份高岭土、5～20份陶土、15～30份紫砂泥、5～15份氧化铝、5～20份水玻璃、5～15份石墨烯。本发明产品高温耐热时间长，抗弯强度好强度高，在提升了陶品质的同时增加了陶瓷在高温条件下的寿命，且制备工艺简单，原材料成本低，可广泛生产应用。

Description

一种耐高温陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料领域，具体涉及一种耐高温陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷因其质地坚硬、细密、耐高温、釉色丰富等特点，广泛应用于食器、装饰、科学等领域。陶瓷按用途可以分为日用陶瓷、艺术陶瓷、工业陶瓷等。其中，工业陶瓷又分为建筑卫生陶瓷、化工陶瓷、电瓷、特种陶瓷等。
陶瓷是由粘土、石英砂以及其他无机非金属原料，经配料、球磨、制粉、成型、烧结等工艺生产的板状或块状制品。由于陶瓷用途的广泛，因此陶瓷的使用环境十分复杂，尤其是具有高温的环境下，大大降低了使用寿命，增加成本。
陶瓷材料大多是氧化物、氮化物、硼化物和碳化物等，常见的陶瓷材料有粘土、氧化铝、高岭土等，选择不同的原料组成来进行烧制，可以调整陶瓷的性能，目前现有的耐高温性能优异的陶瓷制品的生产成本均较高，其普及受到了限制，因此，有必要对陶瓷配方做进一步研究，对陶瓷原料合理匹配，对制作工艺进行严格把控，使其具有理想的耐高温性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐高温陶瓷及其制备方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是：
一种耐高温陶瓷，其特征在于，按质量份数计，包括以下原料：15～30份锆英石、40～60份锂辉石粉、30～50份高岭土、5～20份陶土、15～30份紫砂泥、5～15份氧化铝、5～20份水玻璃、5～15份石墨烯。
优选地，包括以下原料：20～25份锆英石、25～35份锂辉石粉、35～45份高岭土、10～18份陶土、20～25份紫砂泥、8～12份氧化铝、10～15份水玻璃、8～12份石墨烯。
优选地，所述水玻璃的固含量为30～40％。
一种耐高温陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)将锆英石、锂辉石粉、高岭土、陶土、紫砂泥、氧化铝粉碎后过筛；
(2)加入石墨烯，湿法球磨后烘干；
(3)加入水玻璃烧蚀；
(4)烧蚀后再经球磨得到超细粉料；
(5)将超细粉料压制成型，干燥后得到干坯；
(6)以1300～1600℃烧制2～4h，然后升温至2100～2300℃，烧制5～7h即得成品。
优选地，步骤(1)中的过筛为过80～100目筛。
优选地，步骤(2)所述的湿法球磨的溶剂为水或乙醇，原料与溶剂的质量比为10:1～3，球磨时间为20～40min、转速为500～600r/min。
优选地，步骤(3)所述的烧蚀，温度为600～800℃，时间为0.5～1.5h。
优选地，步骤(4)中所述的球磨，转速为1100～1500r/min，时间为30～60min。
优选地，步骤(4)中所述的超细粉料，粒度为350～450目。
本发明配方中，陶土的成分主要是水云母、高岭石、蒙脱石、石英及长石，干燥和烧结性能较好，成本低廉；高岭土的可塑性、粘结性、悬浮性和结合能力强，可防止制品的变形，使陶瓷具有良好的耐热性和机械强度；锂辉石可以保证生成低热膨胀晶体，原料中加入锂辉石后吸水率低，可使烧成温度降低而强度增加。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明产品高温耐热时间长，抗弯强度好强度高，在提升了陶品质的同时增加了陶瓷在高温条件下的寿命，且制备工艺简单，原材料成本低，可广泛生产应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。各实施例中水玻璃的固含量为30～40％。
实施例1
原料：15份锆英石、60份锂辉石粉、30份高岭土、20份陶土、15份紫砂泥、15份氧化铝、5份水玻璃、15份石墨烯。
制备步骤：
(1)将锆英石、锂辉石粉、高岭土、陶土、紫砂泥、氧化铝粉碎后过过100目筛；
(2)加入石墨烯，湿法球磨，溶剂为水，原料与溶剂的质量比为10:3，球磨时间为20min、转速为500r/min，球磨后烘干；
(3)加入水玻璃烧蚀，温度为800℃，时间1.5h；
(4)球磨，转速为1300r/min，时间为40min，得到粒度为350～450目的超细粉料；
(5)将超细粉料压制成型，干燥后得到干坯；
(6)以1300℃烧制4h，然后升温至2100℃，烧制7h即得成品。
实施例2
原料：30份锆英石、40份锂辉石粉、50份高岭土、5份陶土、30份紫砂泥、5份氧化铝、20份水玻璃、5份石墨烯。
制备步骤：
(1)将锆英石、锂辉石粉、高岭土、陶土、紫砂泥、氧化铝粉碎后过过80目筛；
(2)加入石墨烯，湿法球磨，溶剂为乙醇，原料与溶剂的质量比为10:2，球磨时间为30min、转速为500r/min，球磨后烘干；
(3)加入水玻璃烧蚀，温度为700℃，时间为1.5h；
(4)球磨，转速为1500r/min，时间为60min，得到粒度为350～450目的超细粉料；
(5)将超细粉料压制成型，干燥后得到干坯；
(6)以1600℃烧制2h，然后升温至2300℃，烧制5h即得成品。
实施例3
原料：25份锆英石、25份锂辉石粉、45份高岭土、10份陶土、25份紫砂泥、8份氧化铝、15份水玻璃、8份石墨烯。
制备步骤：
(1)将锆英石、锂辉石粉、高岭土、陶土、紫砂泥、氧化铝粉碎后过过90目筛；
(2)加入石墨烯，湿法球磨，溶剂为乙醇，原料与溶剂的质量比为10:3，球磨时间为40min、转速为500r/min，球磨后烘干；
(3)加入水玻璃烧蚀，温度为600℃，时间为0.5h；
(4)球磨，转速为1100r/min，时间为30min，得到粒度为350～450目的超细粉料；
(5)将超细粉料压制成型，干燥后得到干坯；
(6)以1600℃烧制4h，然后升温至2100℃，烧制5h即得成品。
实施例4
原料：20份锆英石、35份锂辉石粉、35份高岭土、18份陶土、20份紫砂泥、12份氧化铝、10份水玻璃、12份石墨烯。
制备步骤：
(1)将锆英石、锂辉石粉、高岭土、陶土、紫砂泥、氧化铝粉碎后过过100目筛；
(2)加入石墨烯，湿法球磨，溶剂为水，原料与溶剂的质量比为10:1，球磨时间为40min、转速为600r/min，球磨后烘干；
(3)加入水玻璃烧蚀，温度为800℃，时间为1h；
(4)球磨，转速为1100r/min，时间为60min，得到粒度为350～450目的超细粉料；
(5)将超细粉料压制成型，干燥后得到干坯；
(6)以1300℃烧制2h，然后升温至2100℃，烧制5h即得成品。
实施例5
原料：22份锆英石、30份锂辉石粉、40份高岭土、15份陶土、24份紫砂泥、10份氧化铝、13份水玻璃、10份石墨烯。
制备步骤：
(1)将锆英石、锂辉石粉、高岭土、陶土、紫砂泥、氧化铝粉碎后过过100目筛；
(2)加入石墨烯，湿法球磨，溶剂为水，原料与溶剂的质量比为10:1，球磨时间为20min、转速为600r/min，球磨后烘干；
(3)加入水玻璃烧蚀，温度为600℃，时间为0.5h；
(4)球磨，转速为1500r/min，时间为30min，得到粒度为350～450目的超细粉料；
(5)将超细粉料压制成型，干燥后得到干坯；
(6)以1400℃烧制3h，然后升温至2100℃，烧制6h即得成品。
对实施例1～5制备的材料进行测试，结果如下表：
测试项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5
耐磨度 5度 4度 5度 5度 5度
高温耐热温度/℃ 4136 4097 4021 4146 4201
抗弯强度/MPa 642 639 601 650 628
高温耐热时间/h 796 791 804 811 793
由表中数据可看出，本发明制备的陶瓷，耐磨性能良好，耐热温度高。
上述实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而并非对其进行限制，凡未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明技术方案的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种耐高温陶瓷，其特征在于，按质量份数计，包括以下原料：15～30份锆英石、40～60份锂辉石粉、30～50份高岭土、5～20份陶土、15～30份紫砂泥、5～15份氧化铝、5～20份水玻璃、5～15份石墨烯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温陶瓷，其特征在于，按质量份数计，包括以下原料：20～25份锆英石、25～35份锂辉石粉、35～45份高岭土、10～18份陶土、20～25份紫砂泥、8～12份氧化铝、10～15份水玻璃、8～12份石墨烯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种耐高温陶瓷，其特征在于，所述水玻璃的固含量为30～40％。
4.一种耐高温陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)将锆英石、锂辉石粉、高岭土、陶土、紫砂泥、氧化铝粉碎后过筛；
(2)加入石墨烯，湿法球磨后烘干；
(3)加入水玻璃烧蚀；
(4)烧蚀后再经球磨得到超细粉料；
(5)将超细粉料压制成型，干燥后得到干坯；
(6)以1300～1600℃烧制2～4h，然后升温至2100～2300℃，烧制5～7h即得成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中的过筛为过80～100目筛。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述的湿法球磨的溶剂为水或乙醇，原料与溶剂的质量比为10:1～3，球磨时间为20～40min、转速为500～600r/min。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)所述的烧蚀，温度为600～800℃，时间为0.5～1.5h。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中所述的球磨，转速为1100～1500r/min，时间为30～60min。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中所述的超细粉料，粒度为350～450目。
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CN111454052A (zh) * 2020-03-26 2020-07-28 福建省盛荣生态花卉研究院有限责任公司 一种耐高温陶瓷及其制备方法
CN112358310A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-02-12 安徽盈锐优材科技有限公司 一种高韧性3d打印陶瓷粉体浆料
CN116283218A (zh) * 2023-01-31 2023-06-23 湖南醴墨陶瓷有限公司 一种降糖墨脱石陶瓷内胆及其制备方法

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CN111454052A (zh) * 2020-03-26 2020-07-28 福建省盛荣生态花卉研究院有限责任公司 一种耐高温陶瓷及其制备方法
CN112358310A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-02-12 安徽盈锐优材科技有限公司 一种高韧性3d打印陶瓷粉体浆料
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