CN109541666B - Measurement of 222 Device and method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect during Rn average concentration - Google Patents

Measurement of 222 Device and method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect during Rn average concentration Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109541666B
CN109541666B CN201811426298.7A CN201811426298A CN109541666B CN 109541666 B CN109541666 B CN 109541666B CN 201811426298 A CN201811426298 A CN 201811426298A CN 109541666 B CN109541666 B CN 109541666B
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measuring chamber
chamber
solid
measurement
track detector
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CN109541666A (en
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袁红志
谭延亮
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Hengyang Normal University
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Hengyang Normal University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Abstract

Measurement of 222 The device and the method for eliminating the temperature and humidity effect when Rn is in average concentration are characterized in that a measuring chamber is fixed on a bottom plate through screws, a solid track detector is stuck on the bottom plate in the measuring chamber, the surface of the solid track detector is covered with an aluminum film, and the aluminum film and a conducting layer in the measuring chamber are connected with a high-voltage module through wires. Due to the external environment during measurement 222 The half-life period of Rn is longer, the Rn can enter the measuring chamber through the film sheet, voltage is provided for the measuring chamber through the high-voltage module, and a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the conductive layer of the whole chamber of the measuring chamber and the surface of the solid nuclear track detector, so that the Rn enters the measuring chamber 222 Rn positively charged daughter drifts towards the solid nuclear track detector surface by employing a small chamber and solid nuclear track detector for a long period of time in a measurement environment 222 And when Rn is at average concentration, the temperature and humidity effect is eliminated, and the detection efficiency is improved.

Description

Measurement of 222 Device and method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect during Rn average concentration
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, in particular to a method for synchronously measuring long time in the environment by adopting electrostatic collection and a solid track detector 222 Measuring device and measuring method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect when Rn is in average concentration.
Background
In ambient air 222 Rn is the main source of natural radiation to human body, and radiation to human respiratory system is an important cause of lung cancer. The traditional active measurement method generally samples air, and then obtains the air through an energy spectrum analysis method 222 Concentration of Rn. The method is accurate and rapid, but only can reflect the data of the sampling time period, and cannot obtain long-time average data. Conventional passive measurement methods typically employ solid nuclear track detectors to measure air 222 Average concentration of Rn over time. The cost is low, and the method is widely applied. But its detection sensitivity is low, resulting in a large statistical fluctuation error. Synchronous measurement with electrostatic collection and solid track detector 222 The Rn concentration can improve the detection sensitivity. However, the electrostatic collection efficiency is greatly affected by temperature and humidity, resulting in a detection efficiency that is greatly affected by warmth.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the inventionThe method overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a method for synchronously measuring the environment for a long time by adopting static electricity collection and a solid track detector 222 Measuring device and measuring method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect when Rn is in average concentration.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: measurement of 222 The device for eliminating the temperature and humidity effect when Rn is at average concentration comprises a measuring chamber, a bottom plate, a solid track detector, an aluminum film and a high-voltage module.
The whole inner cavity of the measuring chamber is provided with a conductive layer, the wall plate of the measuring chamber is provided with a vent hole which is communicated with the external environment, and the vent hole is stuck with a film piece.
The bottom plate is provided with a wire pole.
The measuring chamber is fixed on the bottom plate through a screw, a sealing gasket is arranged on the joint surface of the measuring chamber and the bottom plate, the solid track detector is stuck on the bottom plate in the measuring chamber, and the surface of the solid track detector is covered with an aluminum film.
The lead on the aluminum film and the lead on the conducting layer extend out of the measuring chamber through the lead column respectively, the lead on the aluminum film is connected with the cathode of the high-voltage module, and the lead on the conducting layer is connected with the anode of the high-voltage module.
In order to eliminate temperature and humidity effects and improve detection efficiency, the measuring chamber adopts a small chamber with the height of 3-8cm and the volume of 10-50cm 3 。
The device synchronously measures long time in the environment 222 The method for eliminating the temperature and humidity effect when the Rn is at average concentration is as follows:
due to the external environment 222 The half-life period of Rn is longer, the Rn can enter the measuring chamber through the film sheet, voltage is provided for the measuring chamber through the high-voltage module, and a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the conductive layer of the whole chamber of the measuring chamber and the surface of the solid nuclear track detector, so that the Rn enters the measuring chamber 222 Rn positively charged daughter drifts towards the solid nuclear track detector surface by employing a small chamber and solid nuclear track detector for a long period of time in a measurement environment 222 And when Rn is at average concentration, the temperature and humidity effect is eliminated, and the detection efficiency is improved.
The invention is thatThe further technical scheme is as follows: when the height of the chamber of the measuring chamber is 3-8cm, and the volume of the chamber is larger than 50cm 3 When the solid nuclear track detectors are adopted for measurement, the solid nuclear track detectors are uniformly distributed in the measuring chamber, and the aluminum film covered on the solid nuclear track detectors is connected in series through the lead and then extends out of the measuring chamber from the lead post to be connected with the cathode of the high-voltage module.
The number of the solid nuclear track detectors is determined according to the volume of the measuring chamber, and the volume of the measuring chamber is 10-50cm 3 On the basis of (a), each time 30-50cm are added 3 A solid nuclear track detector is added.
Compared with a measuring method adopting a solid nuclear track detector, the measuring method is different in that a plurality of solid nuclear track detectors are adopted for measurement, and the measuring process is the same.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
the measuring device provided by the invention has a simple structure, the measuring process is convenient and quick, and the small cavity and the solid nuclear track detector are utilized for a long time in the measuring environment 222 And when Rn is at average concentration, the temperature and humidity effect is eliminated, and the detection efficiency is improved.
The detailed structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring device in the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example one, measurement 222 The device for eliminating the temperature and humidity effect when Rn is in average concentration comprises a measuring chamber 1, a bottom plate 2, a solid track detector 3, an aluminum film 4 and a high-voltage module 7.
The whole inner cavity of the measuring chamber 1 is provided with a conductive layer 1-1, a wall plate of the measuring chamber is provided with a vent hole 1-2, the vent hole 1-2 is communicated with the external environment, and a film piece 6 is stuck on the vent hole 1-2.
The bottom plate 2 is provided with a wire pole 2-1.
The measuring chamber 1 is fixed on the bottom plate 2 through a screw, a sealing gasket 5 is arranged on the joint surface of the measuring chamber 1 and the bottom plate 2, the solid track detector 3 is stuck on the bottom plate 2 in the measuring chamber 1, and the surface of the solid track detector 3 is covered with an aluminum film 4.
The lead on the aluminum film 4 and the lead on the conductive layer 1-1 extend out of the measuring chamber 1 through the lead post 2-1 respectively, the lead on the aluminum film 4 is connected with the cathode of the high-voltage module 7, and the lead on the conductive layer 1-1 is connected with the anode of the high-voltage module 7.
In order to eliminate the temperature and humidity effect and improve the detection efficiency and sensitivity of the solid nuclear track detector 3, the measuring chamber 1 adopts a small chamber with the height of 3cm and the volume of 20cm 3 。
The device synchronously measures long time in the environment 222 The method for eliminating the temperature and humidity effect when the Rn is at average concentration is as follows:
due to the external environment 222 The half-life of Rn is long, enabling to enter the measuring chamber 1 through the membrane sheet 6,
by applying a voltage to the measuring chamber 1 through the high voltage module, a high voltage electrostatic field is formed between the conductive layer 1-1 of the whole chamber of the measuring chamber 1 and the surface of the solid nuclear track detector 3, so that the electric field enters the measuring chamber 1 222 Rn positively charged daughter drifts towards the surface of solid nuclear track detector 3 by employing a small chamber and solid nuclear track detector 3 in a measurement environment for a prolonged period of time 222 And when Rn is at average concentration, the temperature and humidity effect is eliminated, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Embodiment two: in comparison with the first embodiment, the difference is that when the chamber height of the measuring chamber 1 is 8cm, the chamber volume is 200 cm 3 When in use, six solid nuclear track detectors 3 are adopted to measure, the six solid nuclear track detectors 3 are uniformly distributed in the measuring chamber 1, and the aluminum film 4 covered on the solid nuclear track detectors 3 is connected in series through wires and then extends out of the wire column 2-1 to the outside of the measuring chamber 1 to be connected with the cathode of the high-voltage module 7.
The measurement method is different from the first embodiment in that the six solid nuclear track detectors 3 are adopted for measurement in the embodiment, and the measurement process is the same.

Claims (1)

1. Measurement of 222 Method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect during Rn average concentration based on measurement 222 The device for eliminating the temperature and humidity effect when Rn is at average concentration comprises a measuring chamber, a bottom plate, a solid track detector, an aluminum film and a high-voltage module;
the whole inner cavity of the measuring chamber is provided with a conductive layer, the wall plate of the measuring chamber is provided with a vent hole which is communicated with the external environment, and the vent hole is stuck with a film piece;
the bottom plate is provided with a wire pole;
the measuring chamber is fixed on the bottom plate through a screw, a sealing gasket is arranged on the joint surface of the measuring chamber and the bottom plate, the solid track detector is stuck on the bottom plate in the measuring chamber, and the surface of the solid track detector is covered with an aluminum film;
the lead on the aluminum film and the lead on the conducting layer extend out of the measuring chamber through lead posts respectively, the lead on the aluminum film is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage module, and the lead on the conducting layer is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage module;
when the height of the chamber of the measuring chamber is 3-8cm and the volume of the chamber is more than 50cm 3 When the solid nuclear track detectors are adopted for measurement, the solid nuclear track detectors are uniformly distributed in the measuring chamber, and the aluminum film covered on the solid nuclear track detectors is connected in series through a lead and then extends out of the measuring chamber from the lead post to be connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage module; the number of the solid nuclear track detectors is determined according to the volume of the measuring chamber, and the volume of the measuring chamber is 10-50cm 3 Based on (a), each time 30-50cm is added 3 Adding a solid nuclear track detector;
the method is characterized in that: due to the external environment 222 The half-life period of Rn is longer, the Rn can enter the measuring chamber through the film sheet, voltage is provided for the measuring chamber through the high-voltage module, and a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the conductive layer of the whole chamber of the measuring chamber and the surface of the solid nuclear track detector, so that the Rn enters the measuring chamber 222 Rn positively charged daughter drifts towards the solid nuclear track detector surface by employing a small chamber andmultiple solid nuclear track detectors in a measurement environment for extended periods of time 222 And when Rn is at average concentration, the temperature and humidity effect is eliminated, and the detection efficiency is improved.
CN201811426298.7A 2018-11-27 2018-11-27 Measurement of 222 Device and method for eliminating temperature and humidity effect during Rn average concentration Active CN109541666B (en)

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CN111551979B (en) * 2020-05-27 2022-06-03 北京市化工职业病防治院 Solid nuclear track-based radioactive radon and thorium emanator concentration detection method

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