CN105974346B - Automatic calibration device and calibration method for electrostatic field sensor - Google Patents
Automatic calibration device and calibration method for electrostatic field sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic calibration device and a calibration method of an electrostatic field sensor, which adopt a three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat to realize the calibration and the test of the three-dimensional electric field sensor; meanwhile, the device is also a multi-mode automatic calibration device, and has good compatibility and high flexibility; the functions of automatic adjustment of the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply, arbitrary setting of electric field measurement points and adjustment time intervals, automatic acquisition and processing of electric field data and the like are realized, and the calibration efficiency and precision of the electric field sensor are greatly improved; the slide rail is adopted to connect the test polar plate structure and the shielding structure box body, so that the operation is convenient and the maintenance is convenient when the calibration is carried out; the conductive metal wire and the voltage-dividing resistor string are arranged, so that the calibration precision is improved; the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the electric field test box, and an important reference basis is provided for the research of the environmental adaptability of the electric field sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric field sensors, in particular to an automatic calibration device and a calibration method of an electrostatic field sensor.
Background
In the process of forming extreme weather such as thunderstorms, sand storms and the like, the atmospheric electric field is changed violently, and the electric field sensor is adopted to detect the atmospheric electric field, particularly the aerial electric field, so that the method has an important effect on extreme weather forecast, and has important significance on guaranteeing the safety of human lives and properties, the launching safety of aircrafts and the like.
The electric field sensor calibration device and the calibration method are very critical to the performance evaluation of the electric field sensor and have very important functions in the research and application fields of the electric field sensor. The electric field sensor is used as a core device for electric field detection, and before use, comprehensive and strict performance test and calibration are carried out according to test rules to determine characteristic parameters of the sensor. The calibration device generates the standard electric field, and the actual detection of the electric field sensor is directly influenced by the influence of the electric field range, the calibration method and the like on the calibration test parameters of the electric field sensor.
Currently, only a few countries internationally establish the standard and calibration system of the electric field sensor testing and calibration method. In the Standard established in 1996 in the united kingdom (British Standard BS 7506: Part 2: 1996), calibration of an electric field sensor was proposed using a uniform electric field generated by applying a stable voltage across two parallel planar metal plates, the sensitive head of the sensor being placed between the plates, the sensing electrode face and its grounded metal plate lying in one plane. The IEEE issued a technical standard for dc field strength measurements in 1990 that passed the certification of the american international standards institute at 10/12 in 1990.
A universal standard of an electric field testing and calibrating method is not established in China, and an electric field sensor developing unit generally adopts a method of loading stable voltage on two parallel metal plates to develop a calibrating device by itself to test and calibrate a one-dimensional ground electric field sensor or a sounding electric field sensor. The space science and application research center of the Chinese academy of sciences elaborates the implementation method of the atmospheric electric field calibration system in the patent of 'an atmospheric electric field calibration system with high precision and wide range' (application number: 201110162132.0), but the calibration system can not calibrate the three-dimensional electric field sensor, and the voltage adjustment is manual adjustment when the calibration system calibrates. The patent of the calibration device of the direct current electric field measuring instrument and the calibration and verification method thereof (application number: 201310054272.5) of the north China power university discloses a calibration device and a calibration and verification method thereof, and the device can not calibrate the three-dimensional electric field sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above, the present invention provides an automatic calibration apparatus and an automatic calibration method for an electrostatic field sensor.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides an automatic calibration device of an electrostatic field sensor, which comprises: electric field test box 1 and three-dimensional electric field sensor test supporting seat, wherein, electric field test box 1 includes: the testing device comprises a shielding structure box body and a testing polar plate structure 11 positioned in the shielding box body, wherein a box body operation hole is formed in the top surface of the shielding structure box body, and the box body operation hole is provided with a matched box body operation hole cover plate 8; test polar plate structure 11 includes the three-layer polar plate from top to bottom: the device comprises an upper pole plate 12, a middle pole plate 13 and a lower pole plate 14, wherein the upper pole plate 12 is provided with an upper pole plate operation hole and is provided with an upper pole plate operation hole cover plate 21 matched with the upper pole plate operation hole, and the middle pole plate 13 is provided with a switching hole and is provided with a switching plate 22 matched with the switching hole in size; the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat is placed on the adapter plate 22 and used for placing the tested three-dimensional electric field sensor.
Preferably, the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat comprises: the axial test supporting seat 25 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is of a U-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the axial test supporting seat are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of each horizontal side plate is equal to that of each side wall; the radial test supporting seat 26 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is of a U-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the radial test supporting seat are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of each horizontal side plate is greater than that of each side wall; the three-dimensional electric field sensor bi-radial synchronous test supporting seat 27 is a V-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the three-dimensional electric field sensor are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of the horizontal side plate is greater than that of the side wall.
Preferably, the automatic calibration device is a multi-mode automatic calibration device compatible with three-dimensional, one-dimensional and miniature electrostatic field sensor automatic calibration, and further includes: the test support comprises a one-dimensional electric field sensor test support 23, a one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support 24 and a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support; wherein, three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test supporting seat includes: the device comprises a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor axial test supporting seat, a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor radial test supporting seat and a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor dual-radial synchronous test supporting seat.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the low-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 2, the high-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 3, the low-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 4, the high-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 5, the data acquisition module 6 and the computer terminal 7, wherein the computer terminal 7 is connected with the low-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 2, the high-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 3, the low-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 4, the high-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 5 and the data acquisition module 6, the data acquisition module 6 is connected with a detected electric field sensor, a high-voltage connector is installed on the side surface of the shielding structure box body, and the low-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power; the low-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 4 and the high-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 5 introduce voltage into the shielding structure box body through high-voltage connectors, are connected to the other of the upper pole plate 12 and the lower pole plate 14 through lead wires, and are electrically connected to the ground through the middle pole plate 13.
Preferably, inside temperature sensor, the humidity transducer of setting up of shielding structure box, data acquisition module 6 connects temperature sensor and humidity transducer, and data acquisition module 6 gathers and transmits computer terminal 7 to temperature and humidity signal, and computer terminal 7 obtains environmental parameter.
Preferably, a side of the shielding structure box is opened with a split door 9, and the test plate structure 11 further includes: the support base plate 15, the slide rail 16, the insulating support column structure 17 and the insulating fixing nut 18; the insulating support column structure 17 comprises a plurality of vertical insulating support columns, the insulating fixing nuts 18 fix the side edges and the top angles of the lower polar plate, the middle polar plate and the upper polar plate on the insulating support columns, the insulating support columns are fixed on the supporting base plate 15, the supporting base plate 15 is connected with the bottom surface of the shielding structure box body into a whole through the slide rails 16, and the testing polar plate structure 11 is formed.
Preferably, a conductive elastic sheet is arranged at a split door gap of the shielding structure box body; and/or winding a plurality of circles of conductive metal wires 20 on the insulating support column structure 17 at equal intervals along the vertical direction, arranging an equal-voltage-dividing resistor string 19 on the plurality of circles of conductive metal wires along the vertical direction, and connecting each resistor in the equal-voltage-dividing resistor string with two adjacent circles of conductive metal wires so as to reduce the influence of the edge effect.
The invention also provides an automatic calibration method of the electrostatic field sensor, which utilizes the automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor, and comprises the following steps: step A: acquiring an output signal of a measured electric field sensor; and step B: and obtaining calibration parameters of the measured electric field sensor based on the output signal of the measured electric field sensor.
Preferably, the step a specifically includes: substep A1: the three-dimensional electric field sensor radial test support 26 or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor radial test support is utilized to calibrate the X direction of the radial electrode of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor, and an output signal in the X direction of the radial electrode is obtained; substep A2: the radial test support 26 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the radial test support of the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor is utilized to calibrate the radial electrode Y direction of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor, and an output signal in the radial electrode Y direction is obtained; substep A3: the three-dimensional electric field sensor axial test support seat 25 or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor axial test support seat is utilized to calibrate the Z direction of the axial electrode of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor, and an output signal of the Z direction of the axial electrode is obtained; and sub-step A4: and synchronously calibrating the directions of the double radial electrodes X, Y of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor by using the double radial test supporting seat 27 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the double radial synchronous test supporting seat of the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor to obtain the output signals of the radial electrodes.
Preferably, the step a specifically includes: and the one-dimensional electric field sensor test support 23 or the one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support 24 is utilized to obtain an output signal of the one-dimensional electric field sensor or the one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the automatic calibration device and the calibration method of the electrostatic field sensor have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat is adopted, so that the calibration and the test of the three-dimensional electric field sensor are realized, the problem that the three-dimensional electric field sensor cannot be calibrated in the prior art is solved, and a good technical effect is obtained;
(2) the one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat and the miniature electric field sensor test support seat are selected, so that the calibration and the test of the one-dimensional electric field sensor and the miniature electric field sensor are realized, and the device is a multi-mode automatic calibration device, good in compatibility and high in flexibility;
(3) the computer terminal, the high-voltage power supply and the signal collector are used for supplying power to the electric field sensor to be tested and collecting an output signal of the electric field sensor to be tested, so that the functions of automatic adjustment of output voltage of the high-voltage power supply, arbitrary setting of electric field measuring points and adjusting time intervals, automatic acquisition and processing of electric field data and the like are realized, the calibration efficiency and precision of the electric field sensor are greatly improved, and the method has important significance for large-batch calibration test of the electric field sensor;
(4) the slide rail is adopted to connect the test polar plate structure and the shielding structure box body, so that the operation is convenient and the maintenance is convenient when the calibration is carried out;
(5) the conductive metal wire and the equal voltage-dividing resistor string are arranged, the conductive elastic sheets are arranged at the split door gaps of the shielding structure box body, and the tin foil conductive adhesive tapes are adhered to the joints of all the surfaces of the shielding structure box body, so that the calibration precision is improved;
(6) the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the electric field test box, so that environmental parameter information such as temperature and humidity can be automatically acquired, the performance parameters of the electric field sensor are analyzed and evaluated under the influence of environmental changes, and an important reference basis is provided for the research of the environmental adaptability of the electric field sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic calibration apparatus for an electrostatic field sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electric field test chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a test plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a test plate with conductive wires and equal divider resistors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a top plate operating hole cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an interposer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7(a), fig. 7(b), fig. 7(c), fig. 7(d), and fig. 7(e) are schematic diagrams of a one-dimensional electric field sensor testing support seat, a one-dimensional micro electric field sensor testing support seat, a three-dimensional electric field sensor axial testing support seat, a three-dimensional electric field sensor radial testing support seat, and a three-dimensional electric field sensor dual-radial synchronous testing support seat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ notation ] to show
1-electric field test box; 2-low side positive polarity dc high voltage supply: 3-high-end positive polarity direct current high voltage power supply; 4-low side negative polarity dc high voltage supply; 5-high-end negative polarity direct current high voltage power supply; 6-a data acquisition module; 7-a computer terminal; 8-box body operation hole cover plate; 9-a split door; 10-a reinforcing rib structure; 11-testing the polar plate structure; 12-an upper pole plate; 13-middle pole plate; 14-a lower pole plate; 15-a support floor; 16-a slide rail; 17-insulating support post structures; 18-insulating fixing nuts; 19-dividing the resistor string equally; 20-conductive wire; 21-upper pole plate operation hole cover plate; 22-an adapter plate; 23-one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat: 24-a one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support seat; 25-axially testing the supporting seat by the three-dimensional electric field sensor; 26-radially testing the supporting seat by the three-dimensional electric field sensor; 27-the two-dimensional electric field sensor dual-radial synchronous test supporting seat.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
With the increasing demand for high-accuracy and high-reliability electric field detection, the three-dimensional electric field detection technology is gradually developed. Particularly, the situation of the electric field in the air is complex, for example, the electric field in the thunderstorm cloud is influenced by the charge distribution in the cloud and continuously changes along with the motion of the cloud layer, the electric field presents three-dimensional characteristics, the running posture of the electric field sensor swings indefinitely when the spherical load detection is adopted, and the accuracy of the electric field detection can be improved by adopting the method for measuring the electric field by the three-dimensional electric field sensor.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic calibration apparatus for an electrostatic field sensor, including: an electric field test box 1 and a three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat, wherein,
the electric field test box 1 includes: a shielding structure box and a test polar plate structure 11 positioned in the shielding box, wherein,
the top surface of the shielding structure box body is provided with a box body operation hole, and the box body operation hole is provided with a matched box body operation hole cover plate 8;
the test plate structure 11 includes three layers of plates from top to bottom: the device comprises an upper pole plate 12, a middle pole plate 13 and a lower pole plate 14, wherein the upper pole plate 12 is provided with an upper pole plate operation hole and is provided with an upper pole plate operation hole cover plate 21 matched with the upper pole plate operation hole, and the middle pole plate 13 is provided with a switching hole and is provided with a switching plate 22 matched with the switching hole in size;
the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat is placed on the adapter plate 22 and used for placing the tested three-dimensional electric field sensor.
When the automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor in the first embodiment of the invention is used for calibration, the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat is firstly placed on the adapter plate 22, then the three-dimensional electric field sensor is placed on the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat through the box body operation hole and the upper polar plate operation hole, the upper polar plate operation hole cover plate 21 is covered on the upper polar plate operation hole, so that the upper polar plate 12 forms a closed plane, a uniform electric field is conveniently formed between the upper polar plate 12 and the middle polar plate 13 after voltage is loaded on the upper polar plate, then the box body operation hole cover plate 8 is covered on the box body operation hole, and a box body with a shielding structure is closed, so that a closed shielding space is formed, and the three-dimensional electric field sensor. The test support seat of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is processed according to the specific structural shape of the sensor, and the test support seat provided by the invention is processed according to the structure of the three-dimensional electric field sensor used in the invention, and is not limited to the structure.
Preferably, the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat comprises:
the axial test supporting seat 25 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is of a U-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the axial test supporting seat are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of each horizontal side plate is equal to that of each side wall.
The radial test supporting seat 26 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is of a U-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the radial test supporting seat are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of each horizontal side plate is greater than that of each side wall.
The three-dimensional electric field sensor bi-radial synchronous test supporting seat 27 is a V-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the three-dimensional electric field sensor are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of the horizontal side plate is greater than that of the side wall.
The three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat is not limited to the three structures, and the structure of the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat can be matched with the structure of the three-dimensional electric field sensor to be tested, namely, all the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seats matched with the structure of the three-dimensional electric field sensor to be tested belong to the protection scope of the invention.
The adapter plate 22 is provided with a rectangular hole, the three-dimensional electric field sensor axial test support seat 25, the three-dimensional electric field sensor radial test support seat 26 and the three-dimensional electric field sensor dual-radial synchronous test support seat 27 are placed in the rectangular hole of the adapter plate, and the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat is supported on the adapter plate 22 through a horizontal side plate of the three-dimensional electric field sensor radial synchronous test support seat.
According to the automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor, the three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat is adopted, calibration and test of the three-dimensional electric field sensor are achieved, the problem that the three-dimensional electric field sensor cannot be calibrated in the prior art is solved, and a good technical effect is achieved.
For the purpose of brief description, any technical features of the first embodiment that can be applied to the same will be described herein, and the same description need not be repeated.
The automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor is a multi-mode automatic calibration device which is compatible with the automatic calibration of three-dimensional, one-dimensional and miniature electrostatic field sensors, and the automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor also comprises: the test support comprises a one-dimensional electric field sensor test support 23, a one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support 24 and a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support.
Wherein, three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test supporting seat includes: the device comprises a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor axial test supporting seat, a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor radial test supporting seat and a three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor dual-radial synchronous test supporting seat.
When the automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is used for calibration, the one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat 23, the one-dimensional micro electric field sensor test support seat 24, or the three-dimensional micro electric field sensor test support seat is placed on the adapter plate 22, the one-dimensional electric field sensor or the micro electric field sensor is placed on the test support seat through the box body operation hole and the upper plate operation hole, and the upper plate operation hole cover plate 21 is covered on the upper plate operation hole, so that the upper plate 12 forms a closed plane, which is convenient for forming a uniform electric field between the upper plate 12 and the middle plate 13 after voltage is applied, and then the box body operation hole cover plate 8 is covered on the box body operation hole, and the box body with a shielding structure is closed, so as to form a closed shielding space, and then the calibration of the one-dimensional electric.
Preferably, the one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat 23 is a rectangular flat plate with a circular through hole in the middle, and the size of the rectangular flat plate is slightly larger than that of the rectangular hole of the adapter plate. The test supporting seat of the miniature electric field sensor is a rectangular flat plate with a rectangular through hole in the middle, and the size of the test supporting seat is slightly larger than the rectangular hole of the adapter plate.
The automatic calibration device for the electrostatic field sensor in the second embodiment of the invention selects the one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat 23, the one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support seat 24 or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support seat, realizes calibration and test of the one-dimensional electric field sensor and the miniature electric field sensor, is a multi-mode automatic calibration device, and has good compatibility and high flexibility.
For the purpose of brief description, any technical features of any of the above embodiments that can be applied to the same purpose are described herein, and the same description need not be repeated.
The automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor further comprises: a low-side positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 2, a high-side positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 3, a low-side negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 4, a high-side negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 5, a data acquisition module 6 and a computer terminal 7, wherein,
the computer terminal 7 is connected with the low-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 2, the high-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 3, the low-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 4, the high-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 5 and the data acquisition module 6, the data acquisition module 6 is connected with the measured electric field sensor,
the side-mounting high voltage connector of shielding structure box, low-end positive polarity direct current high voltage power supply 2, high-end positive polarity direct current high voltage power supply 3 passes through high voltage connector and introduces the voltage inside the shielding structure box, one in upper polar plate 12 and the lower polar plate 14 is received to inside rethread lead wire, low-end negative polarity direct current high voltage power supply 4, high-end negative polarity direct current high voltage power supply 5 passes through high voltage connector and introduces the voltage inside the shielding structure box, another in upper polar plate 12 and the lower polar plate 14 is received to inside rethread lead wire, well polar plate 13 electric connection is to ground.
Preferably, the low-side high-voltage power supply adopts two Gishili 2410 source meters which have two polarity output modes, the voltage range is 0-1100V, the precision is better than 0.05 percent, the two 2410 source meters can be remotely controlled and are respectively used as the low-side positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 2 and the low-side negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 4 to be loaded on the upper polar plate 12 and the lower polar plate 14 and used for generating the electric field intensity of 0V/m-5000V/m.
The high-end high-voltage power supply adopts two ISEG high-precision controllable high-voltage power supplies (HPx 300106), the maximum output is 30000V, the power supply precision is better than 0.5 percent, the high-end high-voltage power supplies can be remotely controlled, and the two ISEG power supplies are respectively a high-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 3 and a high-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 5 which are loaded on the upper polar plate 12 and the lower polar plate 14 and used for generating the electric field intensity of 5kV/m-150 kWm.
Preferably, the electric field intensity range of the automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor is 0V/m-150 kV/m; or the maximum electric field intensity can be larger than 150kV/m, and when a power supply with voltage output larger than 30000V is adopted, high-precision electric field intensity higher than 150kV/m can be provided.
The signal collector 6 is used for supplying power to the measured electric field sensor, collecting output signals of the measured electric field sensor and outputting the signals to the computer terminal 7 for data processing.
The computer terminal 7 adopts a remote control mode to automatically adjust the output voltages of the low-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 2, the high-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 3, the low-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 4 and the high-end negative polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply 5, and performs data processing on the output signals of the signal collector 6 to obtain calibration parameters.
The electric field sensor to be tested can output serial digital signals and also can output multi-channel analog voltage signals.
Preferably, the shielding structure box is internally provided with environmental sensors such as a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, the data acquisition module 6 is connected with the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, the data acquisition module 6 acquires temperature and humidity signals and transmits the temperature and humidity signals to the computer terminal 7, and the computer terminal 7 obtains environmental parameters.
In the automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor of the third embodiment of the invention, when calibration is performed, the computer terminal 7 controls the low-end positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 2 and the low-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 4, or the high-end positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 3 and the high-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply 5 to load voltage, the signal collector 6 supplies power to the measured electric field sensor, collects output signals of the measured electric field sensor and output signals of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, the computer terminal 7 calculates static performance indexes of the measured electric field sensor such as uncertainty, linearity, repeatability and measurement error, and rapidly obtains parameters of the measured electric field sensor such as slope, intercept; and environmental parameter information such as temperature, humidity and the like can be acquired for performance evaluation of the influence of environmental changes of the measured electric field sensor.
The automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor in the third embodiment of the invention can realize the functions of automatic adjustment of the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply, arbitrary setting of the electric field measurement point and the adjustment time interval, automatic acquisition and processing of electric field data and the like, greatly improves the calibration efficiency and precision of the electric field sensor, and has important significance for large-batch calibration test of the electric field sensor.
For the purpose of brief description, any technical features of any of the above embodiments that can be applied to the same purpose are all incorporated herein, and the same description need not be repeated.
One side of the shielding structure box body is opened with a split door 9, and the test polar plate structure 11 further comprises: a support base plate 15, a slide rail 16, an insulating support column structure 17 and an insulating fixing nut 18.
Insulating support column structure 17 includes a plurality of vertical insulating support columns, and insulating fixation nut 18 is fixed in insulating support column with the side and the apex angle of bottom plate, well polar plate, last polar plate to on being fixed in supporting baseplate 15 with insulating support column, supporting baseplate 15 is connected integratively through two slide rails 16 and shielding structure box bottom surface, thereby forms test polar plate structure 11.
The automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention can open the split door of the shielding structure box, and can horizontally pull the test plate structure 11 out of the shielding structure box through the slide rail 16, thereby facilitating maintenance work such as cleaning of plate dust.
Preferably, the shielding structure box body is provided with a conductive elastic sheet at a split door gap to ensure the shielding effect; a plurality of circles of conductive metal wires 20 are wound on the insulating support column structure 17 at equal intervals in the vertical direction, an equal-voltage-dividing resistor string 19 is arranged on the plurality of circles of conductive metal wires in the vertical direction, and each resistor in the equal-voltage-dividing resistor string 19 is connected with two adjacent circles of conductive metal wires, so that the influence of the edge effect is reduced.
Preferably, the distances between the middle polar plate 13 and the upper polar plate 12 and between the middle polar plate 13 and the lower polar plate 14 are both 200mm, the polar plates are rectangular, and the side length is 650 mm; tin foil conductive adhesive tapes are pasted at the joint of each surface of the shielding structure box body, so that the shielding effect is ensured; the shielding structure box body and the test polar plate structure 11 are made of nonmagnetic stainless steel plates; the door panels of the side-by-side door are provided with a stiffener structure 10 to increase strength. The plate side length and the distance can be other sizes, and are not limited to the values given in the embodiment.
The automatic calibration device of the electrostatic field sensor in the fourth embodiment of the invention is convenient to operate and maintain when calibration is carried out, and the calibration precision is improved.
In a fifth embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an automatic calibration method for an electrostatic field sensor, which utilizes the automatic calibration apparatus for an electrostatic field sensor of any one of the above embodiments, including:
step A: and acquiring an output signal of the measured electric field sensor.
When calibrating the three-dimensional electric field sensor, the step A specifically comprises:
substep A1: and calibrating the radial electrode X direction of the tested electric field sensor to obtain an output signal of the radial electrode X direction.
The substep a1 specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of placing a tested electric field sensor on a radial test supporting seat 26 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor, then placing the radial test supporting seat 26 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor on a middle polar plate 13, enabling a radial electrode X of the tested electric field sensor to be exposed in an electric field, enabling the normal direction of the radial electrode X to be consistent with the direction of the electric field, controlling a high-voltage power supply to output according to a preset test point, and obtaining an output signal of the tested electric field sensor.
Substep A2: and calibrating the radial electrode Y direction of the tested electric field sensor to obtain an output signal of the radial electrode Y direction.
The substep a2 specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of placing a tested electric field sensor on a radial test supporting seat 26 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor, then placing the radial test supporting seat 26 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor on a middle polar plate 13, enabling a radial electrode Y of the tested electric field sensor to be exposed in an electric field, enabling the normal direction of the radial electrode Y to be consistent with the direction of the electric field, controlling a high-voltage power supply to output according to a preset test point, and obtaining an output signal of the tested electric field sensor.
Substep A3: and calibrating the axial electrode Z direction of the tested electric field sensor to obtain an output signal of the axial electrode Z direction.
The substep a3 specifically includes: the tested electric field sensor is placed on the axial test supporting seat 25 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor, then the axial test supporting seat 25 of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is placed on the middle pole plate 13, so that an axial electrode Z of the tested electric field sensor is exposed in an electric field, the normal direction of the axial electrode Z is consistent with the direction of the electric field, a high-voltage power supply is controlled to output according to a preset test point, and an output signal of the tested electric field sensor is obtained.
Substep A4: and synchronously calibrating the directions of the double radial electrodes X, Y of the tested electric field sensor to obtain output signals of the radial electrodes.
The substep a4 specifically includes: the tested electric field sensor is placed on the three-dimensional electric field sensor bi-radial test supporting seat 27, then the three-dimensional electric field sensor bi-radial test supporting seat 27 is placed on the middle pole plate 13, so that the bi-radial electrodes X, Y of the tested electric field sensor are exposed in an electric field, a normal direction of the radial electrode X, Y forms a certain included angle (45 degrees in the embodiment) with the direction of the electric field, a high-voltage power supply is controlled to output according to a preset test point, and bi-radial output signals of the tested electric field sensor are synchronously obtained. Preferably, the polarities of the high voltage power supplies of the upper plate 12 and the lower plate 14 may be interchanged, and the sub-steps a1, a2, and A3 may be tested for a plurality of forward and reverse strokes and the average value of the output signal is used as the test result.
When the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor is calibrated, the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor radial test supporting seat 26, the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor axial test supporting seat 25 and the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor bi-radial test supporting seat 27 in the step A are replaced by the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor radial test supporting seat, the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor axial test supporting seat and the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor bi-radial synchronous test supporting seat, and then the calibration can be completed.
When calibrating the one-dimensional electric field sensor, the step a specifically comprises: the tested electric field sensor is placed on the one-dimensional electric field sensor test supporting seat 23, then the one-dimensional electric field sensor test supporting seat 23 is placed on the middle polar plate 13, so that the normal direction of the sensing electrode of the tested electric field sensor is consistent with the electric field direction, the shielding electrode and the middle polar plate 13 are kept on the same plane, the high-voltage power supply is controlled to output according to the preset test point, and the output signal of the tested electric field sensor is obtained.
When the one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor is calibrated, the calibration can be completed only by replacing the one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat 23 in the step A with the one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support seat 24.
Preferably, the polarities of the high voltage power supplies of the upper plate 12 and the lower plate 14 can be interchanged, and the test of a plurality of positive and negative strokes is performed for the above step a and the average value of the output signals is taken as the test result.
And B: and obtaining calibration parameters of the measured electric field sensor based on the output signal of the measured electric field sensor.
The step B specifically comprises the following steps: and processing the output signal to obtain a fitting curve of the measured electric field sensor and obtain calibration parameters.
Preferably, the calibration parameters include intercept, slope, uncertainty, linearity, repeatability, sensitivity, and the like.
The embodiment of the invention can carry out automatic calibration test on electrostatic field sensors with various structures such as three-dimensional, one-dimensional, miniature and the like, obtains the static performance index of the sensor, has the measurement uncertainty of better than 1% in the electric field measurement range of 0V/m-150kV/m, greatly improves the calibration efficiency of the electric field sensor, and takes the three-dimensional electric field sensor as an example, the calibration time is shortened from 1 hour to 10 minutes; the calibration time of the one-dimensional or MEMS electric field sensor is shortened from 30 minutes to less than 5 minutes, and the method can be widely used for batch calibration test of the electric field sensor.
It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of the components are not limited to the specific structures and shapes mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art may easily modify or replace them, for example:
(1) shielding structure boxes with other structures can also be adopted;
(2) the test polar plate structure with other structures can also be adopted;
(3) examples of parameters that include particular values may be provided herein, but the parameters need not be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but may be approximated to the corresponding values within acceptable error tolerances or design constraints;
(4) directional phrases used in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., refer only to the orientation of the attached drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention;
(5) the embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e. technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
In summary, the automatic calibration device and the calibration method for the electrostatic field sensor provided by the invention can test and calibrate the three-dimensional electric field sensor, can also be used for testing and calibrating electric field sensors with various structures such as one-dimensional structure, micro structure and the like, are convenient for maintenance work such as mounting of adapter plate structures and cleaning of polar plates, are greatly improved in operation convenience, can realize automatic high-precision adjustment of an electric field in a test box, greatly improve the calibration efficiency of the electric field sensor, have important significance for large-batch calibration test of the electric field sensor, can automatically acquire environmental parameter information such as temperature and humidity, and provide important reference basis for environmental adaptability research of the electric field sensor.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An automatic calibration device of an electrostatic field sensor is characterized by comprising: an electric field test box (1) and a three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat, wherein,
the electric field test box (1) comprises: a shielding structure box body and a test polar plate structure (11) positioned in the shielding box body, wherein,
the top surface of the shielding structure box body is provided with a box body operation hole, and the box body operation hole is provided with a matched box body operation hole cover plate (8);
test polar plate structure (11) is including the three-layer polar plate from top to bottom: the device comprises an upper pole plate (12), a middle pole plate (13) and a lower pole plate (14), wherein the upper pole plate (12) is provided with an upper pole plate operation hole and an upper pole plate operation hole cover plate (21) matched with the upper pole plate operation hole, and the middle pole plate (13) is provided with a switching hole and a switching plate (22) matched with the switching hole in size;
the three-dimensional electric field sensor testing support seat is arranged on the adapter plate (22) and used for placing a tested three-dimensional electric field sensor;
the automatic calibration device is a multi-mode automatic calibration device compatible with three-dimensional, one-dimensional and miniature electrostatic field sensor automatic calibration, and further comprises: the test support comprises a one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat (23), a one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support seat (24) and a three-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat;
wherein, three-dimensional electric field sensor test supporting seat includes: the device comprises a three-dimensional electric field sensor axial test supporting seat, a three-dimensional electric field sensor radial test supporting seat and a three-dimensional electric field sensor dual-radial synchronous test supporting seat;
the three-dimensional electric field sensor test supporting seat comprises:
the axial test supporting seat (25) of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is of a U-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the axial test supporting seat are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of each horizontal side plate is equal to that of each side wall;
the radial test supporting seat (26) of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is of a U-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the radial test supporting seat are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of each horizontal side plate is greater than that of each side wall;
the double-radial synchronous test support seat (27) of the three-dimensional electric field sensor is of a V-shaped structure, the top ends of two side walls of the three-dimensional electric field sensor are respectively provided with a horizontal side plate, and the length of each horizontal side plate is greater than that of each side wall;
the three-dimensional electric field sensor axial testing support seat (25), the three-dimensional electric field sensor radial testing support seat (26) and the three-dimensional electric field sensor double-radial synchronous testing support seat (27) are placed in the rectangular hole of the adapter plate (22), and the three-dimensional electric field sensor testing support seat is supported on the adapter plate (22) through a horizontal side plate of the adapter plate;
one side of the shielding structure box body is opened with a split door (9), and the test polar plate structure (11) further comprises: the device comprises a supporting bottom plate (15), a sliding rail (16), an insulating supporting column structure (17) and an insulating fixing nut (18); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
insulating support column structure (17) include a plurality of vertical insulating support columns, and insulating fixation nut (18) are fixed in insulating support column with the side and the apex angle of bottom plate, well polar plate, last polar plate to on being fixed in supporting baseplate (15) insulating support column, supporting baseplate (15) are connected integratively through slide rail (16) and shielding structure box bottom surface, form test polar plate structure (11).
2. The automated calibration apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a low-end positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (2), a high-end positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (3), a low-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (4), a high-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (5), a data acquisition module (6) and a computer terminal (7), wherein,
the computer terminal (7) is connected with a low-end positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (2), a high-end positive polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (3), a low-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (4), a high-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (5) and a data acquisition module (6), the data acquisition module (6) is connected with a measured electric field sensor,
a high-voltage connector is arranged on the side surface of the shielding structure box body, and a low-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply (2) and a high-end positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply (3) introduce voltage into the shielding structure box body through the high-voltage connector and are connected to one of the upper polar plate (12) and the lower polar plate (14) through a lead; the low-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (4) and the high-end negative polarity direct current high-voltage power supply (5) introduce voltage into the shielding structure box body through high-voltage connectors, are connected to the other of the upper pole plate (12) and the lower pole plate (14) through lead wires, and are electrically connected to the ground through the middle pole plate (13).
3. The automatic calibration device according to claim 2, wherein a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged inside the shielding structure box, the data acquisition module (6) is connected with the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, the data acquisition module (6) acquires temperature and humidity signals and transmits the temperature and humidity signals to the computer terminal (7), and the computer terminal (7) obtains environmental parameters.
4. The automatic calibration device according to claim 1, wherein a conductive elastic sheet is installed at a split door gap of the shielding structure box body; and/or a plurality of circles of conductive metal wires (20) are wound on the insulating support column structure (17) at equal intervals along the vertical direction, an equal-voltage-dividing resistor string (19) is arranged on the plurality of circles of conductive metal wires along the vertical direction, and each resistor in the equal-voltage-dividing resistor string is connected with two adjacent circles of conductive metal wires so as to reduce the influence of the edge effect.
5. An automatic calibration method of an electrostatic field sensor, which utilizes the automatic calibration device of an electrostatic field sensor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
step A: acquiring an output signal of a measured electric field sensor; and
and B: and obtaining calibration parameters of the measured electric field sensor based on the output signal of the measured electric field sensor.
6. The automatic calibration method according to claim 5, wherein the step A specifically comprises:
substep A1: the three-dimensional electric field sensor radial test support seat (26) or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor radial test support seat is utilized to calibrate the X direction of the radial electrode of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor, and an output signal in the X direction of the radial electrode is obtained;
substep A2: the radial test support seat (26) of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the radial test support seat of the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor is utilized to calibrate the radial direction of the radial electrode of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor, and an output signal in the Y direction of the radial electrode is obtained;
substep A3: the three-dimensional electric field sensor axial test support seat (25) or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor axial test support seat is utilized to calibrate the Z direction of the axial electrode of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional miniature electric field sensor, and an output signal of the Z direction of the axial electrode is obtained; and
substep A4: and synchronously calibrating the directions of the double radial electrodes X, Y of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the three-dimensional micro electric field sensor by using the double radial test support seat (27) of the three-dimensional electric field sensor or the double radial synchronous test support seat of the three-dimensional micro electric field sensor to obtain the output signals of the radial electrodes.
7. The automatic calibration method according to claim 5, wherein the step A specifically comprises: and (3) acquiring an output signal of the one-dimensional electric field sensor or the one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor by utilizing the one-dimensional electric field sensor test support seat (23) or the one-dimensional miniature electric field sensor test support seat (24).
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