CN109537131A - 一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109537131A
CN109537131A CN201811419580.2A CN201811419580A CN109537131A CN 109537131 A CN109537131 A CN 109537131A CN 201811419580 A CN201811419580 A CN 201811419580A CN 109537131 A CN109537131 A CN 109537131A
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fiber
parts
flame
fabric
fibre
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陈强
陈慧
李萍影
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Fengzhu Textile Science And Technology Co Ltd Fujian
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Fengzhu Textile Science And Technology Co Ltd Fujian
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/02—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
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    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
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    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法，阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料按其重量份包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维15份～30份、芳砜纶纤维20份～40份、芳纶纤维15份～35份、涤纶纤维10份～20份。本发明制备的阻燃复合面料的强度高、柔软舒适，阻燃效果好，达到国家阻燃面料标准中的A级防护，耐久性强，环保污染小，并且制备方法简单，生产工艺流程易操作，适合大规模推广本发明。

Description

一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织面料技术领域，具体涉及一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们安防意识的增强，纺织品的阻燃性能越来越收到人们的关注。化纤类衣服品种繁多，基本满足了人们对穿着服饰多样化的需求，但其本质上具有严重的易燃性，遇火容易燃烧，存在严重的安全隐患。而传统的阻燃面料，大多采用含卤聚合物或含卤阻燃剂组合而成的阻燃混合物，一旦发生火灾，由于热分解和燃烧，会产生大量的烟雾和有毒的腐蚀性气体，从而妨碍救火和人员的疏散。因此阻燃织物除具有阻燃效率外，低烟低毒也是阻燃织物不可或缺的指标。
中国专利CN104191737A公开了一种基于阻燃玄武岩纤维的特种复合面料的指标方法，包括以下步骤：采用玄武岩纤维通过机织的方式织造得到平纹或斜纹组织结构的玄武岩纤维面料，玄武岩纤维的细度为5～20微米；将得到的玄武岩纤维面料采用有机粘合剂与其他面料进行复合，将玄武岩纤维作为外层面料，其他面料作为内层面料，或者玄武岩纤维作为内层面料，其他面料作为外层和内层面料。该专利既利用了玄武岩纤维的阻燃作用，又减少了玄武岩纤维对皮肤产生的刺激，但是该专利制备的特种复合面料仅中间层为阻燃面料，其阻燃效果不佳。
中国专利CN105839267A公开了一种芳砜纶阻燃混纺面料，由以下重量份的原料制成：芳砜纶纤维20～40份、阻燃涤纶纤维10～30份、腈氯纶纤维30～60份，阻燃涤纶纤维由PET、阻燃剂、抗菌剂组成，阻燃剂为异丙基化磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三苯酯、(1-甲基亚乙基)二-4,1-亚苯基四个苯基磷酸酯中的一种或多种的混合物。该专利制备的芳砜纶阻燃混纺面料通过添加阻燃剂来实现纤维的阻燃效果，但其腈氯纶燃烧时会产生大量的烟气，并释放有毒的氯化氢气体，对人体和环境造成一定的危害。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题，提供一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是：一种阻燃复合纤维面料，阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料按其重量份包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维15份～30份、芳砜纶纤维20份～40份、芳纶纤维15份～35份、涤纶纤维10份～20份。其中，竹炭纤维具有吸湿透气、冬暖夏凉的特点，但其强度和可纺性不佳，将其与聚酯纤维混纺织造，可以提高内层面料的强度和耐磨性；芳纶纤维的强度大、耐高温性和耐酸碱性强，是一种优异的阻燃、耐热材料，将其与芳砜纶纤维复合使用可以提高面料的阻燃、耐磨效果；聚丙烯腈纤维具有色泽鲜艳、染色性强的特点，将其添加到外层面料中可以提高面料的后加工性。
进一步的，内层由竹炭纤维30份～50份、聚酯纤维20份～40份混纺织造而成。
进一步的，改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法包括：
步骤i，将聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为25wt％的乙醇溶液中，在55℃～70℃下处理1.5小时～3小时，得到预处理聚丙烯腈纤维；
步骤ii，向步骤i得到的预处理聚丙烯腈纤维放到水合肼溶液中，100℃～110℃处理15分钟～25分钟，水洗3次～5次，经真空干燥，得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。其中，聚丙烯腈纤维具有弹性好、染色性强、不易霉变的特点，但其阻燃性差，通过采用水合肼对聚丙烯腈纤维进行化学改性，可以赋予聚丙烯腈纤维一定的阻燃性，提高聚丙烯腈纤维的阻燃能力，并且化学改性的方法简单易行，成本低廉。
更进一步的，步骤i中，聚丙烯腈纤维的细度为1.5D。
更进一步的，步骤ii中，水合肼溶液的浓度为30wt％～50wt％。
更进一步的，步骤ii中，聚丙烯腈纤维与水合肼溶液的质量比为1:12～20。
进一步的，制备外层的原料按其重量份包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维25份、芳砜纶纤维30份、芳纶纤维25份、涤纶纤维15份混纺织造而成。
本发明的另一发明目的在于提供一种阻燃复合纤维面料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S10，按上述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将上述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将上述重量份的改性聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，改性聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将上述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
进一步的，步骤S20中，所述里层面料的克重为80g/m2～150g/m2。
进一步的，步骤S32中，所述外层面料的克重为150g/m2～300g/m2。
本发明的优点是：
(1)本发明制备的阻燃复合纤维面料由里层面料和外层面料复合而成，具有结构简单，柔软舒适，阻燃、耐腐蚀性好的特点；
(2)本发明制备的阻燃复合面料的里层贴近人体，采用柔软舒适、透气性好的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维，提高面料的舒适度；外层选用韧性高、强度大、阻燃效果好的芳砜纶纤维和芳纶纤维，复合添加改性聚丙烯腈纤维，进一步提高外层的阻燃效果，减少面料燃烧时产生的烟气；
(3)本发明制备的阻燃复合面料的拉伸强度高、柔软舒适，阻燃效果好，耐久性强，达到国家阻燃面料标准中的A级防护，且不含卤素阻燃剂，燃烧时不会产生有毒有害气体，具有低毒低烟、环保污染小的特点；
(4)本发明制备的阻燃复合面料的制备工艺简单，生产成本低，适合大规模生产。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
实施例1
一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法
阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维15kg、芳砜纶纤维25kg、芳纶纤维35kg、涤纶纤维18kg；内层由竹炭纤维30kg、聚酯纤维35kg混纺织造而成。
改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法包括：
步骤i，将细度为1.5D的聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为25wt％的乙醇溶液中，在60℃下处理3小时，得到预处理聚丙烯腈纤维；
步骤ii，向步骤i得到的预处理聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为30wt％的水合肼溶液中，聚丙烯腈纤维与水合肼溶液的质量比为1:15，106℃处理25分钟，水洗3次，经真空干燥，得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
阻燃复合纤维面料，通过如下方法制备：
步骤S10，按上述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将上述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料，里层面料的克重为80g/m2；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将上述重量份的改性聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，改性聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将上述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料，外层面料的克重为200g/m2；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
实施例2
一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法
阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维20kg、芳砜纶纤维20kg、芳纶纤维30kg、涤纶纤维20kg；内层由竹炭纤维45kg、聚酯纤维20kg混纺织造而成。
改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法包括：
步骤i，将细度为1.5D的聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为25wt％的乙醇溶液中，在55℃下处理2.5小时，得到预处理聚丙烯腈纤维；
步骤ii，向步骤i得到的预处理聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为35wt％的水合肼溶液中，聚丙烯腈纤维与水合肼溶液的质量比为1:20，108℃处理18分钟，水洗4次，经真空干燥，得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
阻燃复合纤维面料，通过如下方法制备：
步骤S10，按上述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将上述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料，里层面料的克重为120g/m2；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将上述重量份的改性聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，改性聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将上述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料，外层面料的克重为300g/m2；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
实施例3
一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法
阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维30kg、芳砜纶纤维35kg、芳纶纤维15kg、涤纶纤维12kg；内层由竹炭纤维50kg、聚酯纤维25kg混纺织造而成。
改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法包括：
步骤i，将细度为1.5D的聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为25wt％的乙醇溶液中，在70℃下处理2小时，得到预处理聚丙烯腈纤维；
步骤ii，向步骤i得到的预处理聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为45wt％的水合肼溶液中，聚丙烯腈纤维与水合肼溶液的质量比为1:12，110℃处理22分钟，水洗5次，经真空干燥，得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
阻燃复合纤维面料，通过如下方法制备：
步骤S10，按上述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将上述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料，里层面料的克重为150g/m2；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将上述重量份的改性聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，改性聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将上述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料，外层面料的克重为250g/m2；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
实施例4
一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法
阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维25kg、芳砜纶纤维40kg、芳纶纤维20kg、涤纶纤维10kg；内层由竹炭纤维35kg、聚酯纤维40kg混纺织造而成。
改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法包括：
步骤i，将细度为1.5D的聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为25wt％的乙醇溶液中，在65℃下处理1.5小时，得到预处理聚丙烯腈纤维；
步骤ii，向步骤i得到的预处理聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为50wt％的水合肼溶液中，聚丙烯腈纤维与水合肼溶液的质量比为1:18，102℃处理15分钟，水洗3次，经真空干燥，得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
阻燃复合纤维面料，通过如下方法制备：
步骤S10，按上述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将上述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料，里层面料的克重为100g/m2；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将上述重量份的改性聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，改性聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将上述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料，外层面料的克重为150g/m2；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
实施例5
一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法
阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维25kg、芳砜纶纤维30kg、芳纶纤维25kg、涤纶纤维15kg；内层由竹炭纤维40kg、聚酯纤维30kg混纺织造而成。
改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法包括：
步骤i，将细度为1.5D的聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为25wt％的乙醇溶液中，在60℃下处理2小时，得到预处理聚丙烯腈纤维；
步骤ii，向步骤i得到的预处理聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为40wt％的水合肼溶液中，聚丙烯腈纤维与水合肼溶液的质量比为1:16，105℃处理20分钟，水洗4次，经真空干燥，得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
阻燃复合纤维面料，通过如下方法制备：
步骤S10，按上述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将上述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料，里层面料的克重为100g/m2；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将上述重量份的改性聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，改性聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将上述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料，外层面料的克重为200g/m2；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
对比例
一种阻燃复合纤维面料及其制备方法
阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备外层的原料包括：聚丙烯腈纤维25kg、芳砜纶纤维30kg、芳纶纤维25kg、涤纶纤维15kg；内层由竹炭纤维40kg、聚酯纤维30kg混纺织造而成。
阻燃复合纤维面料，通过如下方法制备：
步骤S10，按上述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将上述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料，里层面料的克重为100g/m2；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将上述重量份的聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将上述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料，外层面料的克重为200g/m2；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
实验例
对本发明实施例1～5制备的阻燃复合纤维面料，测试其阻燃性、透气率、耐水洗色牢度、断裂强力及撕破强力，测试结果显示，其阻燃性、透气率、耐水洗色牢度、断裂强力及撕破强力均达到面料服用性要求，其中，面料的氧指数35以上、损毁长度50mm以下、续燃时间2s以下、阴燃时间2s以下，达到国家标准GB8965.1-2009中的防护等级A级，面料水洗50次后阻燃防护等级仍符合A级标准，断裂强力450N以上，撕破强度45N以上。对比例制备的阻燃复合纤维面料的氧指数25、损毁长度120mm以下、续燃时间5s以下、阴燃时间5s以下，符合国家标准GB8965.1-2009中的阻燃等级C级。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种阻燃复合纤维面料，其特征在于，所述阻燃复合纤维面料包括外层和内层；所述内层由竹炭纤维、聚酯纤维混纺织造而成；制备所述外层的原料按其重量份包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维15份～30份、芳砜纶纤维20份～40份、芳纶纤维15份～35份、涤纶纤维10份～20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃复合纤维面料，其特征在于，所述内层由竹炭纤维10份～30份、聚酯纤维15份～30份混纺织造而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃复合纤维面料，其特征在于，所述改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法包括：
步骤i，将聚丙烯腈纤维放到浓度为25wt％的乙醇溶液中，在55℃～70℃下处理1.5小时～3小时，得到预处理聚丙烯腈纤维；
步骤ii，向步骤i得到的预处理聚丙烯腈纤维放到水合肼溶液中，100℃～110℃处理15分钟～25分钟，水洗3次～5次，经真空干燥，得到改性聚丙烯腈纤维。
4.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃复合纤维面料，其特征在于，步骤i中，所述聚丙烯腈纤维的细度为1.5D。
5.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃复合纤维面料，其特征在于，步骤ii中，所述水合肼溶液的浓度为30wt％～50wt％。
6.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃复合纤维面料，其特征在于，步骤ii中，所述聚丙烯腈纤维与水合肼溶液的质量比为1:12～20。
7.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃复合纤维面料，其特征在于，制备所述外层的原料按其重量份包括：改性聚丙烯腈纤维25份、芳砜纶纤维30份、芳纶纤维25份、涤纶纤维15份。
8.一种根据权利要求1～7中任一项所述的阻燃复合纤维面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤S10，按所述重量份称取内层的原料和外层的原料；
步骤S20，织造里层：将所述重量份的竹炭纤维和聚酯纤维进行混纺成纱，按针织和机织工艺织成里层面料；
步骤S30，织造外层：
步骤S31，将所述重量份的改性聚丙烯腈纤维与涤纶纤维进行混纺，改性聚丙烯腈纤维完全包裹涤纶纤维，纱支为12Tex～16Tex，得到混合纤维；
步骤S32，将所述重量份的芳砜纶纤维、芳纶纤维，以及步骤S31得到的混合纤维进行混纺，得到外层纤维，外层纤维经上机纺织成布料，得到外层面料；
步骤S40，将步骤S20得到的里层面料和步骤S30得到的外层面料采用聚氨酯粘结剂贴合在一起，得到阻燃复合纤维面料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S20中，所述里层面料的克重为80g/m2～150g/m2。
10.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S32中，所述外层面料的克重为150g/m2～300g/m2。
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