CN109535585A - 一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料 - Google Patents

一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料 Download PDF

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CN109535585A
CN109535585A CN201811178614.3A CN201811178614A CN109535585A CN 109535585 A CN109535585 A CN 109535585A CN 201811178614 A CN201811178614 A CN 201811178614A CN 109535585 A CN109535585 A CN 109535585A
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吴万水
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Anhui Sheng Sheng Ecological Wood Decoration Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及树脂材料技术领域，具体涉及一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂70‑85份、轻质碳酸钙45‑55份、改性竹碳纤维10‑20份、竹纤维5‑15份、钙锌稳定剂3‑8份、AC发泡剂1‑2.5份、PVC发泡调节剂5‑13份、聚乙烯蜡0.5‑2份、硬脂酸0.2‑1.5份、环保增韧剂0.2‑1.3份、金红石钛白粉1‑2.5份、木纤维2‑4.5份。本发明具有优异的力学性能。

Description

一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料
技术领域
本发明涉及树脂材料技术领域，具体涉及一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料。
背景技术
竹碳纤维是取毛竹为原料，采用了纯氧高温及氮气阻隔延时的煅烧新工艺和新技术，使得竹炭天生具有的微孔更细化和蜂窝化，然后再与具有蜂窝状微孔结构趋势的聚酯改性切片熔融纺丝而制成的。这种独特的纤维结构设计，具有吸湿透气、抑菌抗菌、冬暖夏凉、绿色环保等特点。
目前，常利用竹碳纤维增强树脂材料的性能，但是由于竹碳纤维与树脂的相容性不好，导致材料的性能不佳，难以满足市场的需求。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料。本发明具有优异的力学性能。
本发明提出的一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂70-85份、轻质碳酸钙45-55份、改性竹碳纤维10-20份、竹纤维5-15份、钙锌稳定剂3-8份、AC发泡剂1-2.5份、PVC发泡调节剂5-13份、聚乙烯蜡0.5-2份、硬脂酸0.2-1.5份、环保增韧剂0.2-1.3份、金红石钛白粉1-2.5份、木纤维2-4.5份。
优选地，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂75份、轻质碳酸钙50份、改性竹碳纤维15份、竹纤维10份、钙锌稳定剂5.5份、AC发泡剂1.8份、PVC发泡调节剂6.3份、聚乙烯蜡0.8份、硬脂酸0.6份、环保增韧剂0.6份、金红石钛白粉1.8份、木纤维3.7份。
优选地，所述改性竹碳纤维的制备方法为：取羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维与硅溶胶混合，超声搅拌，真空干燥，研磨，得到改性竹碳纤维。
优选地，所述羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维、硅溶胶的质量比为0.3-0.7：1-1.5：2-3。
优选地，所述超声搅拌的功率为100-170W，时间为1-2.5h。
优选地，所述真空干燥的温度为120-140℃，时间为40-55min。
优选地，所述竹碳纤维为预处理的竹碳纤维，所述预处理的方法为：将竹碳纤维浸于硝酸中，在100-110℃下油浴冷凝回流4.5-5.5h后，洗涤至竹碳纤维的pH为7-8.5，接着在85-90℃下干燥1-2h。
优选地，所述预处理的方法为：将竹碳纤维浸于硝酸中，在105℃下油浴冷凝回流5h后，洗涤至竹碳纤维的pH为8，接着在87℃下干燥1.5h。
优选地，所述硝酸的浓度为60-64wt％。
本发明的制备方法为：将原料按照所述比例进行混合搅拌均匀，在真空烘箱中脱泡后浇注到模具中，在70-80℃固化4-5h后冷却至室温脱模即可。
本发明的原料包括聚氯乙烯树脂、轻质碳酸钙、改性竹碳纤维、竹纤维、钙锌稳定剂、AC发泡剂、PVC发泡调节剂、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、环保增韧剂、金红石钛白粉、木纤维，各原料相容性好，能够赋予本发明良好的基础性能，其中，竹碳纤维具有补强的特点，优选方案中，采用硅溶胶和羧基化碳纳米管对碳纤维进行复合改性，将羧基化碳纳米管和竹碳纤维通过超声分散法分散于硅溶胶中，通过硅溶胶上的硅氧基和羟基以及羧基化碳纳米管上的羧基，竹碳纤维、硅溶胶和碳纳米管之间能够接枝复合得到三者的复合物，硅溶胶中的二氧化硅粒子和碳纳米管附着分布在竹碳纤维上，一方面，硅溶胶增加了竹碳纤维表面的-Si-O-Si-等极性官能团，从而提高聚氯乙烯树脂对竹碳纤维的润湿性能，有效改善竹碳纤维与聚氯乙烯树脂基体的界面性能，进而提高了本发明的横向拉伸强度；另一方面，竹碳纤维表面接枝碳纳米管是一种新的多尺度增强体，能增强碳纤维与聚氯乙烯树脂基体的啮合作用，从而提高竹碳纤维与基体的界面粘结强度，进一步提高的本发明的力学性能；同时，在复合材料中引入了碳纳米管的固有优异性能，比如导热性等；此外，由于碳纳米管与硅溶胶穿插分布附着于竹碳纤维表面，使碳纳米管的聚团行为得以改善，形成比表面积大、细孔均匀的介孔-微孔的双孔道结构，优化了竹碳纤维与聚氯乙烯树脂基体的啮合作用，进而更进一步提高本发明的力学性能。
具体实施方式
下面，通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂70份、轻质碳酸钙55份、改性竹碳纤维10份、竹纤维15份、钙锌稳定剂3份、AC发泡剂2.5份、PVC发泡调节剂5份、聚乙烯蜡2份、硬脂酸0.2份、环保增韧剂1.3份、金红石钛白粉1份、木纤维4.5份。
实施例2
一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂85份、轻质碳酸钙45份、改性竹碳纤维20份、竹纤维5份、钙锌稳定剂8份、AC发泡剂1份、PVC发泡调节剂13份、聚乙烯蜡0.5份、硬脂酸1.5份、环保增韧剂0.2份、金红石钛白粉2.5份、木纤维2份；
其中，所述改性竹碳纤维的制备方法为：取羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维与硅溶胶混合，超声搅拌，真空干燥，研磨，得到改性竹碳纤维。
实施例3
一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂75份、轻质碳酸钙50份、改性竹碳纤维15份、竹纤维10份、钙锌稳定剂5.5份、AC发泡剂1.8份、PVC发泡调节剂6.3份、聚乙烯蜡0.8份、硬脂酸0.6份、环保增韧剂0.6份、金红石钛白粉1.8份、木纤维3.7份；
其中，所述改性竹碳纤维的制备方法为：取羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维与硅溶胶混合，超声搅拌，真空干燥，研磨，得到改性竹碳纤维；
所述羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维、硅溶胶的质量比为0.5：1.3：2.5；
所述超声搅拌的功率为140W，时间为2h；
所述真空干燥的温度为130℃，时间为50min；
所述竹碳纤维为预处理的竹碳纤维，所述预处理的方法为：将竹碳纤维浸于硝酸中，在105℃下油浴冷凝回流5h后，洗涤至竹碳纤维的pH为8，接着在87℃下干燥1.5h；
所述硝酸的浓度为62wt％。
实施例4
一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂73份、轻质碳酸钙47份、改性竹碳纤维13份、竹纤维8份、钙锌稳定剂4份、AC发泡剂1.5份、PVC发泡调节剂5.5份、聚乙烯蜡0.7份、硬脂酸0.4份、环保增韧剂0.4份、金红石钛白粉1.5份、木纤维2.5份；
其中，所述改性竹碳纤维的制备方法为：取羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维与硅溶胶混合，超声搅拌，真空干燥，研磨，得到改性竹碳纤维；
所述羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维、硅溶胶的质量比为0.3：1.5：2；
所述超声搅拌的功率为170W，时间为1h；
所述真空干燥的温度为140℃，时间为40min；
所述竹碳纤维为预处理的竹碳纤维，所述预处理的方法为：将竹碳纤维浸于硝酸中，在110℃下油浴冷凝回流4.5h后，洗涤至竹碳纤维的pH为8.5，接着在85℃下干燥2h；
所述硝酸的浓度为60wt％。
实施例5
一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂80份、轻质碳酸钙53份、改性竹碳纤维17份、竹纤维12份、钙锌稳定剂7份、AC发泡剂2.2份、PVC发泡调节剂10份、聚乙烯蜡1.5份、硬脂酸1份、环保增韧剂1份、金红石钛白粉2.3份、木纤维4份；
其中，所述改性竹碳纤维的制备方法为：取羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维与硅溶胶混合，超声搅拌，真空干燥，研磨，得到改性竹碳纤维；
所述羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维、硅溶胶的质量比为0.7：1：3；
所述超声搅拌的功率为100W，时间为2.5h；
所述真空干燥的温度为120℃，时间为55min；
所述竹碳纤维为预处理的竹碳纤维，所述预处理的方法为：将竹碳纤维浸于硝酸中，在100℃下油浴冷凝回流5.5h后，洗涤至竹碳纤维的pH为7，接着在90℃下干燥1h；
所述硝酸的浓度为64wt％。
对比例1
一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂80份、轻质碳酸钙53份、竹碳纤维17份、竹纤维12份、钙锌稳定剂7份、AC发泡剂2.2份、PVC发泡调节剂10份、聚乙烯蜡1.5份、硬脂酸1份、环保增韧剂1份、金红石钛白粉2.3份、木纤维4份。
试验例1
分别对实施例1-5得到的竹碳纤维增强树脂材料以及对比例1得到的竹碳纤维增强树脂材料进行力学性能测试，测试结果如下表：
项目 剪切强度(MPa)
实施例1 170
实施例2 215
实施例3 210
实施例4 216
实施例5 218
对比例1 155
由上表可知，本发明添加特定方法改性的竹碳纤维后，显著提高了本发明的力学性能。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂70-85份、轻质碳酸钙45-55份、改性竹碳纤维10-20份、竹纤维5-15份、钙锌稳定剂3-8份、AC发泡剂1-2.5份、PVC发泡调节剂5-13份、聚乙烯蜡0.5-2份、硬脂酸0.2-1.5份、环保增韧剂0.2-1.3份、金红石钛白粉1-2.5份、木纤维2-4.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：聚氯乙烯树脂75份、轻质碳酸钙50份、改性竹碳纤维15份、竹纤维10份、钙锌稳定剂5.5份、AC发泡剂1.8份、PVC发泡调节剂6.3份、聚乙烯蜡0.8份、硬脂酸0.6份、环保增韧剂0.6份、金红石钛白粉1.8份、木纤维3.7份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，所述改性竹碳纤维的制备方法为：取羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维与硅溶胶混合，超声搅拌，真空干燥，研磨，得到改性竹碳纤维。
4.根据权利要求3所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，所述羧基化碳纳米管、竹碳纤维、硅溶胶的质量比为0.3-0.7：1-1.5：2-3。
5.根据权利要求3所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，所述超声搅拌的功率为100-170W，时间为1-2.5h。
6.根据权利要求3所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，所述真空干燥的温度为120-140℃，时间为40-55min。
7.根据权利要求3所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，所述竹碳纤维为预处理的竹碳纤维，所述预处理的方法为：将竹碳纤维浸于硝酸中，在100-110℃下油浴冷凝回流4.5-5.5h后，洗涤至竹碳纤维的pH为7-8.5，接着在85-90℃下干燥1-2h。
8.根据权利要求7所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，所述预处理的方法为：将竹碳纤维浸于硝酸中，在105℃下油浴冷凝回流5h后，洗涤至竹碳纤维的pH为8，接着在87℃下干燥1.5h。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述竹碳纤维增强树脂材料，其特征在于，所述硝酸的浓度为60-64wt％。
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