CN109517388B - High-temperature-resistant tough sealing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant tough sealing material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109517388B CN109517388B CN201811400325.3A CN201811400325A CN109517388B CN 109517388 B CN109517388 B CN 109517388B CN 201811400325 A CN201811400325 A CN 201811400325A CN 109517388 B CN109517388 B CN 109517388B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: providing a fiber cloth; laminating fiber cloth woven by fiber yarns and sewing by adopting a sewing line to prepare a fiber cloth prefabricated body; impregnating the fiber cloth prefabricated body with a silicon rubber liquid to prepare a fiber reinforced silicon rubber composite material; and curing the fiber reinforced silicone rubber composite material to prepare the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material. The invention also provides a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material prepared by the method. The method has the advantages of simple process, simple and convenient operation, convenient use, low cost and the like, and the material prepared by the method has the advantages of good mechanical property and high temperature resistance, low heat conductivity coefficient, sufficient toughness, controllable density and the like, and has good application prospect in the fields of aerospace industry and civil high-temperature sealing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
When the aircraft flies through the atmospheric layer and has a high speed to a certain degree, a large amount of heat is generated by friction with air, so that the structural safety of the aircraft is threatened, the aircraft must be protected by a heat protection system with excellent performance, the heat protection system is not integrally formed but spliced in multiple sections, and the spliced parts of the sections need to be sealed and protected at high temperature, so that a high-temperature-resistant sealing material needs to be adopted to realize the function.
At present, the sealing materials widely applied to aerospace mainly comprise high-temperature-resistant sealing rings, high-temperature-resistant expanded ceramics, braided structure sealing ropes, sealing glue, high-temperature-resistant putty and the like, and the sealing materials applied to the high temperature resistance of 1000 ℃ mainly comprise the high-temperature-resistant expanded ceramics, the braided structure sealing ropes and the high-temperature-resistant putty. The high-temperature expansion resistant ceramic has high brittleness, a complex preparation process, a braided structure sealing rope has high flexibility, the use is inconvenient during gap filling, and the high-temperature expansion resistant ceramic and the braided structure sealing rope are both suitable for sealing protection of large gaps. And the high-temperature resistant putty has poor scouring resistance and can fail under the scouring of high-temperature airflow. Therefore, no good solution exists for sealing small gaps at the splicing positions of multiple sections of the outer heat-proof layer of the aircraft at present. The high-temperature-resistant sealing material provided by the invention mainly meets the application requirement (0.1-2.0 mm) of sealing small gaps at the splicing part of multiple sections of an outer heat-proof layer of an aircraft. The material is prepared by compounding a high-temperature-resistant fiber reinforcement and silicon rubber, wherein the high-temperature-resistant fiber reinforcement provides temperature resistance, heat insulation and supporting functions and is prepared by laminating and sewing fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensional weaving of fiber yarns; the silicon rubber provides the functions of bonding and improving toughness, and room temperature vulcanized silicon rubber is selected. The material has the advantages of good temperature resistance and heat insulation performance, controllable density, thickness and toughness, convenient preparation, low cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the technical problems that the existing sealing material is insufficient in toughness, high in flexibility, poor in scouring resistance, insufficient in mechanical property, poor in high-temperature resistance, high in heat conductivity coefficient, uncontrollable in density, complex in preparation process, incapable of meeting the requirements of small-gap sealing of an aircraft thermal protection system and the like.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a high temperature resistant tough sealing material and a method for preparing the same, the method comprising the steps of: (1) providing a fiber cloth; (2) laminating fiber cloth woven by fiber yarns and sewing by adopting a sewing line to prepare a fiber cloth prefabricated body; (3) impregnating the fiber cloth prefabricated body with a silicon rubber liquid to prepare a fiber reinforced silicon rubber composite material; (4) and curing the fiber reinforced silicone rubber composite material to prepare the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material.
The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect of the invention in a second aspect.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material prepared by the invention has good mechanical property and high-temperature resistance, and can seal small gaps of an aircraft external heat protection system at the high temperature of 1000 ℃.
(2) The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material prepared by the invention has a low heat conductivity coefficient and good heat insulation performance, and the room-temperature heat conductivity coefficient is 0.04-0.08W/m.K.
(3) The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material prepared by the invention has good toughness, and the toughness is controllable, the tensile strength range is 80 MPa-150 MPa, and the elongation at break range is 1% -5%.
(4) The density of the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material prepared by the invention is controllable, for example, can be controlled to be 0.6-1.0 g/cm3In the meantime.
(5) All the processes of the invention are carried out under normal pressure, the method is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, different layers of quartz cloth can be selected for lamination sewing according to the actual size of the gap, the use is convenient, and the cost is low.
(6) The invention can be used for preparing sealing products with various thickness specifications, and has wide application prospect in the aerospace industry and other environments with high temperature and heat insulation and sealing requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the high temperature resistant tough sealing material obtained in example 1 of the present invention in a flattened state.
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing a bent state of the high temperature resistant and tough sealing material obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material, which comprises the following steps:
1. the preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) providing a fiber cloth; (2) laminating fiber cloth woven by fiber yarns and sewing by adopting a sewing line to prepare a fiber cloth prefabricated body; (3) impregnating the fiber cloth prefabricated body with a silicon rubber liquid to prepare a fiber reinforced silicon rubber composite material; (4) and curing the fiber reinforced silicone rubber composite material to prepare the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material.
In some specific embodiments, step (1) further comprises the following sub-steps: (11) weaving the fiber yarns into fiber cloth in a two-dimensional weaving mode; and/or (12) a step of cutting the provided fiber cloth in accordance with the target shape and/or size.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of the process of the present invention. In a more specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, step (1) of the method of the present invention comprises 11) a step of weaving fiber yarns into a fiber cloth by means of two-dimensional weaving; and (12) a step of cutting the provided fiber cloth in accordance with the target shape and/or size.
In some embodiments, the fiber cloth and/or suture is made of fibers selected from the group consisting of quartz fibers and carbon fibers; preferably, the fibre cloth and/or the suture are made of the same fibre material; more preferably, the fiber cloth and/or the sewing thread are made of the same quartz fiber material.
In some embodiments, in step (1), the linear density of the fiber yarn is 20 to 50t, for example, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 t; the twist of the fiber yarn is 50-80T/M, for example, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80T/M. Since the linear density of the fiber yarn is a two-dimensional weave, the greater the density, the greater the thickness of the fiber cloth, and the greater the twist of the fiber yarn, within the above range, the greater the twist, the greater the yarn strength. In some preferred embodiments of the invention, fiber cloth with different thickness, surface density and strength can be prepared according to requirements by adjusting the linear density and/or yarn twist of fiber yarns.
The present invention is not particularly limited in the selection of the sewing fiber yarn as long as the strength for sewing can be ensured. In some more preferred embodiments, in the step (2), the sewing thread is a fiber sewing thread and is made of yarns with the linear density of 90-200 t.
In the present invention, the silicone rubber functions as a matrix in the sealing material, and the present invention preferably selects the room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber, but there is no particular limitation on the kind of the specific room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber, which may be a commercially available product, and may be, for example, KH-HP-RTV silicone rubber and/or KH-CL-RTV silicone rubber.
In some embodiments, in step (3), the silicone rubber in the silicone rubber cement is room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. Preferably, the diluent of the silicone rubber liquid is cyclohexane; more preferably, the mass ratio of the silicone rubber to the diluent in the silicone rubber liquid cement is as follows: 1, (2-6), for example: 1:2, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, or 6.0.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the fiber cloth to the silicone rubber in the silicone rubber liquid cement is 1 (0.4-2), such as 1:0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0. Within the above ratio range, the balance of the thermophysical properties and the mechanical properties can be better achieved.
In some embodiments, the impregnation is normal temperature and pressure impregnation. More preferably, the number of the dipping is 1 to 10, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 times, and the single dipping time is 10 to 60s, for example, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60 s. By adopting the mass ratio of the silicone rubber to the cyclohexane, the dipping times and the single dipping time, the sufficiency and uniformity of dipping can be better ensured.
In some preferred embodiments, in step (4), the curing is an atmospheric curing, and the curing temperature is between room temperature and 200 ℃, and may be, for example, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 ℃. In the invention, the curing mode can be normal pressure curing to meet the requirement without using special high-pressure vacuum equipment. In addition, the higher the curing temperature is, the shorter the curing time is, so that the preparation time of the material is shortened, and the time cost can be saved. For example, the curing time is generally 24 hours at room temperature and 8 hours at 100 ℃.
In some more preferred embodiments, the impregnation and the curing are both performed at normal temperature and pressure, so that the process flow can be simplified and the production cost can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the fiber cloth preferably has an areal density of 80 to 500g/m2(e.g., 100, 200, 300, or 400g/m2). In other embodiments, the thickness of the fiber cloth is preferably 0.1 to 0.4mm (e.g., 0.2 or 0.3 mm).
Several layers of fibre cloth, even only 1 layer of fibre cloth, may be laminated depending on e.g. the requirements of the thickness of the final material product. For example, the number of stacked layers of the fiber cloth may be 1 to 10, for example, 2 to 10 (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9).
The stitching pitch of the stitching thread can balance the strength and flexibility of the laminated stitched fabric cloth, so in some preferred embodiments, the stitching pitch is preferably 10-20 mm, for example 15 mm.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a high temperature resistant tough seal material, which is produced by the method according to the first aspect of the invention. Preferably, the high temperature resistant tough sealing material has at least one of the following characteristics: (1) the density is 0.6 to 1.0g/cm3(ii) a (2) The thickness is 0.1-2.0 mm; (3) the tensile strength is 80MPa to 150 MPa; (4) the elongation at break is 1% -5%; (5) the heat conductivity coefficient at room temperature is 0.04-0.08W/m.K; (6) can resist the temperature of 1000 DEG C。
Examples
The invention will be illustrated by way of examples hereinafter, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 25T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.8, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material (shown in figures 2 and 3) is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected as the room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1. As can be seen from fig. 3, the sealing material obtained is flexible and can be bent.
Example 2
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 30T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.8, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Example 3
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 40T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.8, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Example 4
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 45T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.8, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Example 5
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 30T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.6, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Example 6
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 30T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:1, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Example 7
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 30T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:1.2, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Example 8
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 30T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:1.6, and the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Example 9
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by laminating and sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the yarn linear density is 25T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-HP-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is laminated and sewn into laminated quartz fiber cloth, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.8, and a high-temperature-resistant and tough sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected as the room temperature), and the performance results of the sealing material are shown in the following table 1.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth in a laminated manner, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensional weaving of quartz fiber yarns (the linear density of the yarns is 30T, and the twist is 20T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:1, a sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the sealing material are shown in the following table 1. As can be seen from the results in table 1, when the twist of the quartz fiber yarn is too small, the strength of the quartz fiber yarn is reduced, the tensile strength of the sealing material produced is reduced, the elongation at break is reduced, and the toughness is reduced in combination.
Comparative example 2
Preparing a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth in a laminated manner, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is formed by two-dimensional weaving of quartz fiber yarns (the linear density of the yarns is 30, and the twist is 240T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:1, a sealing material is obtained through curing (the curing temperature is selected to be room temperature), and the performance results of the sealing material are shown in the following table 1. As can be seen from the results in table 1, when the twist of the quartz fiber yarn is too large, the strength of the quartz fiber yarn is reduced, the tensile strength of the sealing material produced is reduced, the elongation at break is reduced, and the toughness is reduced in combination.
Comparative example 3
Preparing a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth in a laminated manner, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is prepared by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the linear density of the yarns is 30T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:1) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.6, and the inventor finds that when the mass ratio of the silicon rubber to the cyclohexane is too large, the silicon rubber solution cannot evenly soak the laminated quartz fiber cloth, and the required sealing material cannot be prepared.
Comparative example 4
Preparing a high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by sewing single-layer quartz fiber cloth in a laminated manner, the single-layer quartz fiber cloth is prepared by two-dimensionally weaving quartz fiber yarns (the linear density of the yarns is 30T, and the twist is 70T/M), and a substrate is made of KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, quartz fiber yarns are woven into quartz fiber cloth in a two-dimensional mode, then the quartz fiber cloth is sewn into laminated quartz cloth in a laminated mode, then the laminated quartz fiber cloth is soaked in a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, and the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:8) at normal temperature and normal pressure, the mass ratio of the quartz fiber cloth to the silicon rubber is 1:0.6, and the inventor finds that when the mass ratio of the silicon rubber to the cyclohexane is too small, the silicon rubber solution cannot fully soak the laminated quartz fiber cloth, and the required sealing material cannot be prepared.
Comparative example 5
The high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is prepared, wherein the fiber reinforcement is formed by mixing and needling quartz fibers (the fiber diameter is 5-20 mu m, the fiber length is 5-30 cm) and the needling density is 120 needling/cm2) The matrix of the fiber felt is KH-CL-RTV silicon rubber.
Firstly, dipping a fibrofelt into a silicon rubber solution (cyclohexane is selected as a solvent, the mass ratio of silicon rubber to cyclohexane is 1:3), the mass ratio of the fibrofelt to the silicon rubber is 1:0.8, and curing (the curing temperature is selected as the room temperature) to obtain the high-temperature-resistant toughness sealing material, wherein the performance results are shown in the following table 1. As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the resulting material had insufficient strength and a large elongation at break.
TABLE 1 Properties of the materials obtained in the examples and comparative examples
Note: comparative examples 3 and 4 did not produce a final product and thus had no measurement data.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) providing a fiber cloth;
(2) laminating fiber cloth woven by fiber yarns and sewing by adopting a sewing line to prepare a fiber cloth prefabricated body;
(3) impregnating the fiber cloth prefabricated body with a silicon rubber liquid to prepare a fiber reinforced silicon rubber composite material;
(4) curing the fiber reinforced silicone rubber composite material to prepare the high-temperature-resistant tough sealing material;
wherein, the high temperature resistant tough sealing material has the following characteristics: (1) the density is 0.6 to 1.0g/cm3(ii) a (2) The thickness is 0.1-2.0 mm; (3) the tensile strength is 80MPa to 150 MPa; (4) the elongation at break is 1% -5%; (5) the heat conductivity coefficient at room temperature is 0.04-0.08W/m.K; (6) can withstand a temperature of 1000 ℃.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step (1) further comprises the sub-steps of:
(11) weaving the fiber yarns into fiber cloth in a two-dimensional weaving mode; and/or
(12) And cutting the provided fiber cloth according to the target shape and/or size.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the fiber cloth and/or the suture thread are made of fibers selected from the group consisting of quartz fibers and carbon fibers.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the fiber cloth and/or the suture thread are made of fibers selected from the group consisting of quartz fibers and carbon fibers.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the fiber cloth and/or the sewing thread are made of the same fiber material.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the fiber cloth and/or the suture thread are made of the same quartz fiber material.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that:
in the step (1), the linear density of the fiber yarn is 20-50 t; the twist of the fiber yarn is 50-80T/M; and/or
In the step (2), the suture thread is a fiber suture thread and is made of yarns with the linear density of 90-200 t.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that:
in the step (3), the silicon rubber in the silicon rubber liquid is room temperature vulcanized silicon rubber; the mass ratio of the fiber cloth to the silicon rubber in the silicon rubber liquid is 1 (0.4-2).
9. The method of claim 8, wherein:
the diluent in the silicone rubber liquid is cyclohexane.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein:
the mass ratio of the silicon rubber to the diluent in the silicon rubber liquid is as follows: 1, (2-6).
11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that:
the impregnation mode is normal temperature and normal pressure impregnation.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein:
the dipping times are 1-10 times, and the single dipping time is 10-60 s.
13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that:
in the step (4), the curing is normal pressure curing, and the curing temperature is room temperature to 200 ℃.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein:
the surface density of the fiber cloth is 80-500 g/m2；
The thickness of the fiber cloth is 0.1-0.4 mm;
the number of the superposed layers of the fiber cloth is 2-10; and/or
The sewing distance of the sewing lines is 10-20 mm.
15. A high temperature resistant tough seal material, characterized by being produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 14.
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| CN110549701A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-10 | 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 | Puncture-resistant vacuum insulation panel for building |
| CN111335024B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-10-14 | 苏州格威姆新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of ultrathin 1000-DEG C-resistant heat-insulating flexible non-woven fabric |
| CN111995298B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-04 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Silicone rubber composite graphite sealing material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112109406B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-04-12 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Low-heat-conductivity high-air-resistance heat sealing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112373137B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-09-27 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | High-flux preparation method of gradient sewing density fabric for ceramic matrix composite material |
| CN115721977A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-03 | 中昊晨光化工研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing sealing pressure of plate frame and filter cloth |
| CN114714686B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2024-04-09 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115891311A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-04-04 | 武汉纺织大学 | High-temperature-resistant heat-insulating sealing ring structure and preparation method thereof |
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