CN114714686B - Oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114714686B
CN114714686B CN202210248870.5A CN202210248870A CN114714686B CN 114714686 B CN114714686 B CN 114714686B CN 202210248870 A CN202210248870 A CN 202210248870A CN 114714686 B CN114714686 B CN 114714686B
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felt
cloth
fiber cloth
cotton
fiber
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CN114714686A (en
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王晓艳
胡子君
孙陈诚
张宏波
肖鹏
李俊宁
孙晶晶
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Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B32B7/09—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means by stitching, needling or sewing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/105—Ceramic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of heat protection materials, and particularly discloses an oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof, wherein all high-temperature layers of the heat insulation material are made of oxide main materials, so that an oxidation-resistant effect can be achieved; the structure adopts a multi-layer design, and the low-temperature layer can be introduced into the reflecting screen with high reflectivity, so that the heat insulation effect is improved. The surface layer high temperature resistant fiber cloth, the high temperature resistant fiber cotton/felt, the multi-layer low heat conductive fiber cotton and the reflecting screen are alternately overlapped to form a whole, so that the overall high temperature resistant and heat insulating capability is improved; the suture uses continuous ceramic fiber yarn, and the defects of high oxide fiber modulus and no bending resistance are overcome by sizing treatment and adopting a special thread-leading method; the preparation process adopts a sewing method, so that the dimensional stability of the sample is improved, the strength and fracture toughness of the composite material are improved, and the use safety of the material is improved.

Description

Oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of thermal protection materials, in particular to an oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hypersonic aircraft with a flight speed above 5Ma are a hotspot for competitive research and development in countries around the world. High flying speeds cause intense friction with the surrounding air, and the heat generated causes the surface temperature to rise sharply. In order to ensure safe use of the aircraft structure and internal instrumentation, the aircraft surfaces must be thermally protected. Wherein, the flexible heat insulation material has incomparable superiority for heat insulation with large area and complex shape because of more convenient installation and operation.
Cheng Yinbing et al in China use a film formed by compounding a high polymer base film metal layer, an oxidized metal layer and a high polymer outer coating film, and add SiO on the basis of a multi-layer heat insulating material 2 Aerogel materials to enhance thermal insulation properties. Li Danzhi and the like are compounded into a flexible heat-insulating material with good waterproof property and heat-insulating property by using a polyester film, a metal film layer, a metal oxide, a flame-retardant layer, a glass fiber layer and the like. Sun Xiankai and the like are laid on two sides of an alumina fiber/silica aerogel/graphite block material, are stitched by using a carbon fiber rope with the diameter of 2+/-0.2 mm, are heat treated for 12 hours at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ and finally are obtained.
In view of the above examples, the flexible heat insulation material is mostly used in medium-high temperature service conditions, and the main components of the flexible heat insulation material with the use temperature exceeding 1000 ℃ mostly contain carbon fibers, so that the oxidation problem exists, and the research and development of the aerospace field of various countries find that the thermal protection system of the aerospace vehicle gradually develops from ablation to non-ablation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the service temperature of the flexible heat insulation material and enable the flexible heat insulation material to be used stably in an aerobic environment, the application discloses an oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
The heating surface of the heat insulation material is a high-temperature layer, and one side away from the heating surface is a low-temperature layer. The high-temperature layers of the heat insulation materials are all oxide main materials, so that an antioxidation effect can be achieved; the structure adopts a multi-layer design, and the low-temperature layer can be introduced into the reflecting screen with high reflectivity, so that the heat insulation effect is improved. The surface layer high temperature resistant fiber cloth, the high temperature resistant fiber cotton/felt, the multi-layer low heat conduction fiber cotton/felt and the reflecting screen are alternately overlapped to form a whole, so that the overall high temperature resistance and heat insulation capacity are improved; the suture uses oxide fiber yarn, and the defects of high oxide fiber modulus and no bending resistance are overcome by sizing treatment and adopting a special threading method; the preparation process adopts a sewing method, increases the dimensional stability of the sample, improves the strength and fracture toughness of the composite material, thereby improving the use safety of the material, and the use temperature of the heat insulation material reaches 1300 ℃ or above.
In a first aspect, the invention discloses an oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an oxidation-resistant, low thermal conductivity, high temperature-resistant and flexible heat insulation material with a density of 0.1-0.4g/cm 3 The heat insulating material comprises a heat insulating cloth body and continuous ceramic fiber yarns for sewing the heat insulating cloth body, wherein the heat insulating cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt and an optional reflecting screen; the ceramic fiber cloth comprises alumina fiber cloth and optional quartz fiber cloth; the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body is calculated as 100%, the mass content of the alumina fiber cloth is 0-50.12%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of the ceramic fiber cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%; the mass content of the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is 6.0-30% of the mass of the heat insulation cloth body.
Wherein the insulating cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt, and optionally a reflecting screen. Including two meanings: first, the heat-insulating cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth and ceramic fiber cotton/felt; second, the heat-insulating cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt and a reflecting screen. The optional meanings in the following are the same.
Further, the alumina fiber cloth may also be 4.03% by mass.
Specifically, the ceramic fiber cloth is high temperature resistant fiber cloth, the mullite cotton/felt is high temperature resistant fiber cotton/felt, the quartz cotton/felt is low thermal conductivity fiber cotton/felt, and the continuous ceramic fiber yarns are oxide fiber yarns.
In the heat insulating material, the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is a continuous alumina fiber yarn or a continuous zirconia fiber yarn.
In the above heat insulating material, the reflective screen material is at least one of stainless steel foil, aluminum foil or polyimide aluminized film.
In the heat insulating material, the alumina fiber cloth comprises type II fiber cloth containing more than 99% of alumina by mass and type I fiber cloth optionally containing mullite component; ceramic fiber mats include mullite cotton/mats, and optionally quartz cotton/mats.
In the heat insulation material, based on 100% of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth, the mass content of the I-type fiber cloth is 0-20.10%, the mass content of the II-type fiber cloth is 0-30.02%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of mullite cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is 0-52.70%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%; when the mass content of the mullite cotton/felt is 95.97 percent of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is 0; when the mullite cotton/felt content is lower than 95.97% of the total mass of the heat-insulating cloth, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is greater than 0.
The contents of the type I fiber cloth and the type II fiber cloth are different and are zero.
In the above heat insulating material, the order of the heat insulating cloth from the high temperature layer to the low temperature layer is: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth;
or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, quartz cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth;
or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, and laminated layer, which is formed by alternately paving quartz cotton/felt and a reflecting screen.
Specifically, when the alumina fiber cloth includes the type I fiber cloth and the type II fiber cloth, the layering sequence between the type I fiber cloth and the type II fiber cloth is arbitrary. The type I fiber cloth can be arranged on one side of the type II fiber cloth, which is away from the mullite cotton/felt, or the type II fiber cloth can be arranged on one side of the type I fiber cloth, which is away from the mullite cotton/felt.
In the above heat insulating material, the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is subjected to sizing treatment, and the sizing treatment is as follows: the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is immersed into the polytetrafluoroethylene solution at a speed of 0.5-2 m/s. Wherein is polymerizedTetrafluoroethylene solution is commercially available.
Through sizing treatment, the lubricity of the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is increased, and abrasion and breakage are reduced.
In a second aspect, the invention discloses a preparation method of an antioxidant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing required raw materials, specifically, obtaining the required raw materials through cutting and weighing,
calculating the mass of each component according to the density and the component requirements, and cutting and weighing to obtain raw materials; the unilateral reserved side length allowance of the layer closest to the heating surface of the high-temperature layer is 30-120 mm, and the unilateral reserved side length allowance is used for wrapping the cold surface layer fiber cloth;
s2, layering the raw materials to obtain a heat-insulating cloth body;
and S3, stitching, namely connecting the high-toughness stitching thread with the continuous ceramic fiber yarn, pulling the continuous ceramic fiber yarn to pass through the heat-insulating cloth body through the high-toughness stitching thread for stitching, bending and stretching the high-toughness stitching thread, knotting and ending the fiber yarn when the high-toughness stitching thread is stitched to two ends, and removing the high-toughness stitching thread and redundant fiber yarns to finish stitching.
In the above preparation method, the connection of the high-toughness sewing thread and the continuous ceramic fiber yarn comprises: one end of the high-toughness sewing thread and one end of the continuous fiber yarn are spirally wound, the winding distance is not more than 20mm, and the high-toughness sewing thread and the continuous fiber yarn are quickly bonded and connected.
Specifically, the bonding connection adopts glue, and the glue can be used for standing the high-toughness sewing thread and the continuous ceramic fiber yarn. For example, the glue may be 502.
In the above preparation method, the stitching is stitching in a shape of a "dish", comprising the following stitching steps: the single-pass stitching thread is continuously sewn in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', and is sewn from the upper side and the lower side respectively, the passing points of the stitching threads sewn on the two sides are the same, and the stitching directions are opposite. By this stitching, a line is obtained in which the two sides merge to form a shape that looks like a continuous "dish" on the sides.
In particular, the overall strength of the insulation material may be achieved by designing the number of suture strands of different continuous ceramic fiber yarns.
In summary, the present application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) Multilayer structure design and material selection
The main material is an oxide fiber material, so that the material has high use temperature and can resist oxidation; the surface layer fiber cloth adopts alumina fiber cloth, the high temperature layer adopts mullite cotton felt, quartz fiber cotton and the like, and the use temperature of the material is increased to more than 1300 ℃; the low-temperature layer is introduced into the reflecting screen with high reflectivity, and a plurality of layers of low-heat-conductivity fiber cotton and the reflecting screen are alternately overlapped, so that the high-temperature resistance and the heat insulation effect of the whole material are improved;
(2) 'dish' word stitching process design
The multi-layer raw materials are penetrated through the suture line to form a dish-shaped suture, and the raw materials with different components are combined into a whole. The strength and fracture toughness among the composite materials can be improved, the integrity and diversity of the materials can be improved, and the stability of the size of the sample is improved;
(3) Suture design method
When the service temperature of the flexible heat insulation material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃, the sewing thread which is not only oxidation resistant but also high temperature resistant needs to adopt a series of continuous alumina fiber or zirconia fiber yarns. The continuous oxide fiber yarn has high modulus, poor toughness and poor bending resistance. If the conventional sewing preparation process is adopted, the fiber suture needs to be bent/folded at a large angle, and the high-modulus fiber can be broken after being bent/folded at a large angle at the needle eye, so that the fiber suture cannot be used as a sewing thread. The special thread-leading technology is adopted to connect the high-modulus fiber yarn with the high-toughness sewing thread which is used for maturation, the sewing needle is directly contacted with the high-toughness sewing thread in a traction mode of the high-toughness sewing thread, and the high-modulus ceramic fiber is drawn to shuttle by folding and stretching at the high-toughness sewing thread to finish sewing. Thus, the fiber suture can be prevented from being directly folded and stretched to break, and the purpose of using the high-modulus fiber as the suture is realized. By adopting the thread leading technology, the fiber loss can be greatly reduced, and a guarantee is provided for the high-modulus alumina/zirconia continuous fiber yarn to be used as a suture line and provide good high-temperature strength of the flexible heat insulation felt;
(4) The invention adopts high temperature resistant and oxidation resistant fiber cloth/cotton/felt/yarn as main component, and can raise the service temperature of the flexible heat insulating material to 1300 ℃. The material has no special requirement on the use environment, can be stably used in an aerobic environment, and has simple and convenient manufacturing process and simple and easy use and operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a picture of the insulation material obtained in example 1 in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail in connection with the following:
the manufacturers of the I-type fiber cloth, the II-type fiber cloth and the continuous ceramic fiber yarns are Shanghai silicate institute of the Chinese academy of sciences;
quartz fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, and quartz cotton/felt are commercially available.
The insulation materials of examples 1-7 were prepared as follows:
the first step: cutting and weighing required raw materials;
and calculating the mass of each component according to the density and the component requirements, and cutting and weighing to obtain the raw material. Wherein, the cutting size of the ceramic fiber cotton/felt, the reflecting screen and the quartz fiber cloth is determined according to the size of the finished product; the size of the alumina fiber cloth closest to the heating surface of the high-temperature layer is reserved with a single side margin and is used for edge covering with other layers.
And a second step of: layering treatment is carried out to obtain a heat-insulating cloth body;
and a third step of: stitching;
one end of a high-toughness sewing thread and one end of a continuous ceramic fiber yarn are spirally wound, the co-winding distance of the two threads is 5-20mm, and the two threads are connected through 502 adhesive connection to be used as a whole; the other end of the high-toughness sewing thread is connected with the sewing needle in a penetrating way, the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is pulled by the high-toughness sewing thread to pass through the heat-insulating cloth body obtained in the second step, the multi-layer raw materials of the heat-insulating cloth body are sewn into a whole, and the heat-insulating cloth body is bent and stretched at the high-toughness sewing thread. When the sewing is performed at the two ends, the continuous ceramic fiber yarns are adopted for knotting and ending, and the high-toughness sewing threads and the redundant continuous ceramic fiber yarns are removed, so that the sewing is completed.
The sewing method comprises the following steps: the single-pass stitching thread is continuously sewn in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', the stitching points of the stitching threads sewn on the upper surface and the lower surface are the same, the stitching directions are opposite, two adjacent rows of stitching threads share one row of stitching points, and the two surfaces are combined to form a line with the side surface similar to a continuous Chinese character 'ji'.
And the following tests were carried out on the heat insulating materials obtained in examples 1 to 7:
example 1
The 1300 ℃ oxidation resistant, low thermal conductivity, flexible thermal insulation material of this embodiment comprises: 45.4g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 9.5g of 150mm multiplied by 150mm quartz fiber cloth, 55.7g of mullite cotton felt, 49.8g of quartz cotton felt, 3.96g of polyimide aluminized film and 15.43g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The components are paved (according to the layering sequence of II-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and polyimide aluminized film alternately and quartz fiber cloth) and sewed to obtain the 1300 ℃ oxidation resistant low thermal conductivity flexible barrierThermal material, at which time the material density was 0.19g/cm 3 The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.045W/(mK) and the tensile strength was 0.51MPa.
Example 2
The 1300 ℃ oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material of the embodiment comprises the following specific components: 44.1g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 9.8g of quartz fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 76.8g of mullite cotton felt, 49.6g of quartz cotton felt, 3.4g of aluminum foil and 17.43g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are paved (the layering sequence is II type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and aluminum foil are alternated) and sewed to obtain 1300 ℃ antioxidation low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulation material, the density of the material is 0.22g/cm 3 The heat conductivity at room temperature is 0.047W/(m.K), the tensile strength is 0.53MPa, and the mass loss rate of the material after heat treatment at 1300 ℃ for 60 seconds<3.50%. After the test, the surface of the sample piece is checked to be smooth, and no burn-through or wire breakage exists. The use temperature of the material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃.
Example 3
The 1300 ℃ oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material of the embodiment comprises the following specific components: 7.11g of I-type fiber cloth with the size of phi 250mm, 6.58g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of phi 180mm, 5.32g of quartz fiber cloth, 30g of mullite cotton felt, 36.13g of quartz cotton felt and 6.09g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are paved (the paving sequence is I-type fiber cloth, II-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and quartz fiber cloth), and sewed to obtain 1300 ℃ oxidation resistant and low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulation material, wherein the material density is 0.18g/cm 3 The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.040W/(mK), and the thermal conductivity at 1200℃was 0.175W/(mK).
Example 4
The 1300 ℃ oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material of the embodiment comprises the following specific components: 17.5g of type I fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 6.84g of type II fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 87.15g of mullite cotton felt and 7.96g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are paved (the paving sequence is I-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt and II-type fiber cloth) and sewed to obtain 1300 ℃ oxidation resistant and low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulation material, at this timeThe density of the material is 0.13g/cm 3 The heat conductivity at room temperature is 0.031W/(m.K), the tensile strength is 0.26MPa, and the mass loss rate of the material after heat treatment at 1300 ℃ for 60s<3.90%. After the test, the surface of the sample piece is checked to be smooth, and no burn-through or wire breakage exists. The use temperature of the material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃.
Example 5
The 1300 ℃ oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material of the embodiment comprises the following specific components: 17.5g of type I fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 6.84g of type II fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 60.15g of mullite cotton felt, 77.33g of quartz cotton felt and 11.56g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are paved (the paving sequence is I-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and II-type fiber cloth) and sewed to obtain 1300 ℃ oxidation resistant and low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulation material, the density of the material is 0.19g/cm 3 The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.033W/(mK) and the tensile strength was 0.41MPa.
Example 6
The 1300 ℃ oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material of the embodiment comprises the following specific components: 11.2g of type I fiber cloth with the size of 210mm multiplied by 210mm, 5.56g of type II fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 4.71g of quartz fiber cloth, 29.05g of mullite cotton felt, 27g of quartz cotton felt and 22.14g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are paved (the paving sequence is I type fiber cloth, II type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and quartz fiber cloth), and sewed to obtain 1300 ℃ oxidation resistant and low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulation material with thickness of 20mm, and the material density is 0.21g/cm 3 The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.041W/(mK). The temperature is rapidly raised to 1300 ℃ after 30min at 1200 ℃ and the back temperature after 60s of thermal examination is 963 ℃. After the test, the surface of the sample piece is checked to be smooth, and no burn-through or wire breakage exists. The use temperature of the material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃.
Example 7
The 1300 ℃ oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material of the embodiment comprises the following specific components: 210mm x 210mm size type I fiber cloth 11.2g,150mm x 150mm size type II fiber cloth 5.56g, quartz fiber cloth 4.71g, mullite cotton felt 29.05g, quartz cotton felt 27g, continuous alumina fiber yarn 22.90g. The above components are paved (the paving sequence is I type fiber cloth, II type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and quartz fiber cloth), and sewed to obtain 1300 ℃ oxidation resistant and low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulation material with thickness of 20mm, and the material density is 0.22g/cm 3 The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.046W/(mK). The temperature is rapidly raised to 1300 ℃ after 30min at 1200 ℃ and the back temperature after 60s of thermal examination is 954 ℃. After the test, the surface of the sample piece is checked to be smooth, and no burn-through or wire breakage exists. The use temperature of the material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃.
The main material of the heat insulating material is high temperature resistant oxide fiber material, and has oxidation resistance, and the material is subjected to single-sided heating at 1200deg.C, 30min or 1300 deg.C for 60s, and has mass loss rate<3.9%; the surface of the examination sample piece is smooth, and no burn-through or wire breakage exists, so that the service temperature of the heat insulation material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃; the material has light weight and density<0.25g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The material has good heat insulation effect and room temperature heat conductivity<0.047W/(mK). The preparation method of the material is simple and feasible.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (4)

1. An oxidation-resistant, low thermal conductivity, high temperature-resistant and flexible heat-insulating material is characterized in that: the density of the heat insulation material is 0.1-0.4g/cm 3 The heat insulating material comprises a heat insulating cloth body and continuous ceramic fiber yarns for sewing the heat insulating cloth body, wherein the heat insulating cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt and an optional reflecting screen;
the ceramic fiber cloth comprises an alumina fiber cloth and optionally a quartz fiber cloth;
the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body is calculated as 100%, the mass content of the alumina fiber cloth is 0-50.12%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of the ceramic fiber cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%;
the content of the continuous ceramic fiber yarns is 6.0-30% of the mass of the heat insulation cloth body;
the reflecting screen material is at least one of stainless steel foil, aluminum foil or polyimide aluminized film;
the alumina fiber cloth comprises type II fiber cloth containing more than 99% of alumina by mass and type I fiber cloth optionally containing mullite components; ceramic fiber mats include mullite cotton/mats, and optionally quartz cotton/mats;
based on 100% of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth, the mass content of the I-type fiber cloth is 0-20.10%, the mass content of the II-type fiber cloth is 0-30.02%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of mullite cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, the mass content of quartz cotton/felt is 0-52.70%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%;
when the content of the mullite cotton/felt is 95.97 percent of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is 0; when the mullite cotton/felt content is lower than 95.97 percent of the total mass of the heat-insulating cloth body, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is more than 0;
the order of the heat insulation cloth body from the high temperature layer to the low temperature layer is as follows: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth;
or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, quartz cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth;
or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, a superposition layer, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth, wherein the superposition layer is obtained by alternately paving quartz cotton/felt and a reflecting screen;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
layering the raw materials to obtain a heat-insulating cloth body;
the high-toughness sewing thread is connected with the continuous ceramic fiber yarn, the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is pulled through the heat-insulation cloth body by the high-toughness sewing thread to be sewn, and is bent and stretched at the high-toughness sewing thread, when the high-toughness sewing thread is sewn at two ends, the fiber yarn is adopted to be knotted and ended, and the high-toughness sewing thread and redundant fiber yarns are removed to complete the sewing;
the stitching is stitching in a shape of a Chinese character 'ri', and comprises the following stitching steps: the single-pass stitching thread is continuously sewn in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', and is sewn from the upper side and the lower side respectively, the passing points of the stitching threads sewn on the two sides are the same, and the stitching directions are opposite.
2. The oxidation-resistant, low thermal conductivity, high temperature resistant, flexible thermal insulation material of claim 1, wherein: the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is a continuous alumina fiber yarn or a continuous zirconia fiber yarn.
3. The oxidation-resistant, low thermal conductivity, high temperature resistant, flexible thermal insulation material of claim 1, wherein: the high-toughness sewing thread and continuous ceramic fiber yarn connection comprises the following steps: one end of the high-toughness sewing thread and one end of the continuous fiber yarn are spirally wound, the winding distance is 5-20mm, and the high-toughness sewing thread and the continuous fiber yarn are quickly bonded and connected; the single-side reserved side length allowance of the layer closest to the heating surface of the high-temperature layer is 30-120 mm.
4. The oxidation-resistant, low thermal conductivity, high temperature resistant, flexible thermal insulation material of claim 1, wherein: in the sewing step, two adjacent rows of stitches share one row of passing points.
CN202210248870.5A 2022-03-14 2022-03-14 Oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity high-temperature-resistant flexible heat insulation material and preparation method thereof Active CN114714686B (en)

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CN105965986A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-09-28 航天材料及工艺研究所 High-temperature shape keeping heat insulation nano-material and preparation method thereof
CN109177386A (en) * 2018-09-12 2019-01-11 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 A kind of multi-layer combined thermally protective materials and preparation method thereof
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US5047289A (en) * 1986-12-27 1991-09-10 Denki Kagku Kogyu Kabushiki Heat resistant alumina fiber mat
CN202805809U (en) * 2012-06-29 2013-03-20 陕西亿沣矿业科技有限公司 Heat insulation cloth used for mine-used lifesaving cabin
CN104589724A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-05-06 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 Stitched laminar flexible heat insulation material and preparation method thereof
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