CN114714686A - Anti-oxidation, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Anti-oxidation, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114714686A
CN114714686A CN202210248870.5A CN202210248870A CN114714686A CN 114714686 A CN114714686 A CN 114714686A CN 202210248870 A CN202210248870 A CN 202210248870A CN 114714686 A CN114714686 A CN 114714686A
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temperature
sewing
fiber cloth
thermal
felt
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CN114714686B (en
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王晓艳
胡子君
孙陈诚
张宏波
肖鹏
李俊宁
孙晶晶
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Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B32B7/09—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means by stitching, needling or sewing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/105—Ceramic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective

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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of thermal protection materials, and particularly discloses an anti-oxidation, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a high-temperature layer of the thermal insulation material is made of an oxide main material, so that an anti-oxidation effect can be achieved; the structure selects multilayer design, and the reflecting screen with high reflectivity can be introduced to the low temperature layer, improves thermal-insulated effect. The surface high-temperature-resistant fiber cloth, the high-temperature-resistant fiber cotton/felt, the multiple layers of low-thermal-conductivity fiber cotton and the reflecting screen are alternately overlapped to form an integration, so that the overall high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating capability is improved; the suture uses continuous ceramic fiber yarn, and overcomes the defects of high modulus and non-bending resistance of oxide fiber by sizing treatment and adopting a special lead method; the preparation process adopts a sewing method, so that the dimensional stability of the sample piece is improved, the strength and the fracture toughness among the composite materials are improved, and the use safety of the materials is also improved.

Description

Anti-oxidation, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of thermal protection materials, in particular to an anti-oxidation, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hypersonic aircraft with flight speed above 5Ma become a hot spot for competitive research and development of countries in the world. High flight speeds have a strong friction with the surrounding air, and the heat generated causes a sharp increase in the surface temperature thereof. In order to ensure safe use of the aircraft structure and the internal instrumentation, the aircraft surfaces must be thermally protected. The flexible heat insulating material is more convenient to install and operate, and has incomparable superiority for heat insulation with large area and complex shape.
The domestic Chengyinman and the like use a film formed by compounding a high polymer base film metal layer, an oxidation metal layer and a high polymer outer covering film, and SiO is added on the basis of a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials2Aerogel materials to enhance thermal insulation properties. The litdan and the like are compounded into a flexible heat-insulating material with better water resistance and heat insulation by utilizing a polyester film, a metal film layer, a metal oxide, a flame-retardant layer, a glass fiber layer and the like. Sunzokay et al lay down carbon fiber cloth on both sides of alumina fiber/silica aerogel/graphite block material with a diameter ofSewing a carbon fiber rope of 2 +/-0.2 mm, and carrying out heat treatment at 100-120 ℃ for 12h to finally obtain the carbon fiber sewn alumina fiber/silica aerogel/graphite flexible heat-insulating material.
In view of the above examples, the flexible thermal insulation material is mostly used in medium-high temperature service conditions, and the main component of the flexible thermal insulation material with the use temperature of more than 1000 ℃ mostly contains carbon fiber, so that the oxidation problem exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the service temperature of the flexible heat-insulating material and enable the flexible heat-insulating material to be stably used in an aerobic environment, the application discloses an anti-oxidation, low-heat-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof.
The heating surface of the heat insulation material is a high-temperature layer, and the side deviating from the heating surface is a low-temperature layer. The high-temperature layer of the heat insulating material is an oxide main material, so that an anti-oxidation effect can be achieved; the structure selects multilayer design, and the reflecting screen with high reflectivity can be introduced to the low temperature layer, improves thermal-insulated effect. The surface high-temperature-resistant fiber cloth, the high-temperature-resistant fiber cotton/felt, the multi-layer low-thermal-conductivity fiber cotton/felt and the reflecting screen are alternately overlapped to form an integration, so that the overall high-temperature-resistant and thermal-insulation capabilities are improved; the suture uses oxide fiber yarn, and overcomes the defects of high modulus and non-bending resistance of the oxide fiber by sizing treatment and a special lead method; the preparation process adopts a sewing method, so that the dimensional stability of the sample piece is improved, the strength and the fracture toughness among the composite materials are improved, the use safety of the materials is improved, and the use temperature of the heat insulation material reaches 1300 ℃ or above.
In a first aspect, the invention discloses an anti-oxidation, low-heat-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an anti-oxidation, low-heat-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material with the density of 0.1-0.4g/cm3The heat insulation material comprises a heat insulation cloth body and continuous ceramic fiber yarns for sewing the heat insulation cloth body, wherein the heat insulation cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt and optional materialsA ground reflective screen; the ceramic fiber cloth comprises alumina fiber cloth and optionally quartz fiber cloth; based on 100% of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body, the mass content of the alumina fiber cloth is 0-50.12%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of the ceramic fiber cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%; the mass content of the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is 6.0-30% of the mass of the heat insulation cloth body.
Wherein the heat insulation cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt and optionally a reflecting screen. Two meanings are included: firstly, the heat insulation cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth and ceramic fiber cotton/felt; secondly, the heat insulation cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt and a reflecting screen. The optional meanings in the following are the same.
Furthermore, the mass content of the alumina fiber cloth can also be 4.03%.
Specifically, the ceramic fiber cloth is high-temperature-resistant fiber cloth, the mullite cotton/felt is high-temperature-resistant fiber cotton/felt, the quartz cotton/felt is low-thermal-conductivity fiber cotton/felt, and the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is oxide fiber yarn.
In the above heat insulating material, the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is a continuous alumina fiber yarn or a continuous zirconia fiber yarn.
In the above heat insulating material, the reflective screen material is at least one of a stainless steel foil, an aluminum foil, or a polyimide aluminum-plated film.
In the above thermal insulation material, the alumina fiber cloth comprises a type II fiber cloth containing alumina in an amount of more than 99% by mass, and optionally a type I fiber cloth containing a mullite component; the ceramic fiber batts include mullite batts/felts, and optionally quartz batts/felts.
In the heat insulation material, based on 100% of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body, the mass content of the I-type fiber cloth is 0-20.10%, the mass content of the II-type fiber cloth is 0-30.02%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of mullite cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, the mass content of quartz cotton/felt is 0-52.70%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%; when the mass content of the mullite cotton/felt is 95.97 percent of the total mass of the heat-insulating cloth body, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is 0; when the content of the mullite cotton/felt accounts for less than 95.97 percent of the total mass of the heat-insulating cloth body, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is more than 0.
The content of the I-type fiber cloth and the II-type fiber cloth is not zero at the same time.
In the above heat insulating material, the heat insulating cloth body includes, in order from the high temperature layer to the low temperature layer: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth;
or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, quartz cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth;
or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, a superposed layer, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth, wherein the superposed layer is obtained by alternately laying quartz cotton/felt and a reflecting screen.
Specifically, when the alumina fiber cloth comprises a type I fiber cloth and a type II fiber cloth, the layering sequence between the type I fiber cloth and the type II fiber cloth is arbitrary. The I-type fiber cloth can be arranged on the side of the II-type fiber cloth, which is far away from the mullite cotton/felt, or the II-type fiber cloth can be arranged on the side of the I-type fiber cloth, which is far away from the mullite cotton/felt.
In the above heat insulating material, the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is subjected to a sizing treatment, the sizing treatment comprising: continuous ceramic fiber yarns are dipped into the polytetrafluoroethylene solution at a speed of 0.5-2 m/s. In which poly is collected
Figure BDA0003546182710000031
The tetrafluoroethylene solution is commercially available.
Through sizing treatment, the lubricity of the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is increased, and abrasion and breakage are reduced.
In a second aspect, the invention discloses a preparation method of an anti-oxidation, low-heat-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an anti-oxidation, low-heat-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the required raw materials, specifically, cutting and weighing the raw materials to obtain the required raw materials,
calculating the mass of each component according to the density and the component requirements, cutting and weighing to obtain raw materials; the unilateral reserved side length allowance of the layer, closest to the heating surface, of the high-temperature layer is 30-120 mm, and the unilateral reserved side length allowance is used for edge covering of the cold surface layer fiber cloth;
s2, performing layering treatment on the raw materials to obtain a heat insulation cloth body;
and S3, sewing, namely connecting the high-toughness sewing thread with the continuous ceramic fiber yarn, drawing the continuous ceramic fiber yarn to penetrate through the heat-insulating cloth body through the high-toughness sewing thread to sew, bending and stretching the continuous ceramic fiber yarn at the high-toughness sewing thread, knotting and ending the continuous ceramic fiber yarn when the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is sewn to two ends, and removing the high-toughness sewing thread and redundant fiber yarn to finish sewing.
In the above preparation method, the joining of the high tenacity sewing thread to the continuous ceramic fiber yarn comprises: one end of the high-toughness sewing thread and one end of the continuous fiber yarn are spirally wound, the winding distance is not more than 20mm, and the high-toughness sewing thread and the continuous fiber yarn are quickly bonded and connected.
Specifically, the bonding connection adopts glue, and the glue can realize that the high-tenacity sewing thread and the continuous ceramic fiber yarn are wound. Such as glue, may be 502.
In the above preparation method, the stitching is a "dish" shaped stitching, comprising the following stitching steps: the single-pass sewing thread is in a continuous zigzag sewing mode, sewing is respectively carried out from the upper surface and the lower surface, the passing points of the sewing threads sewn on the two surfaces are the same, and the directions of the sewing threads are opposite. By this stitching, a line is obtained with two sides merged to form a shape that looks like a continuous "dish" on the side.
Specifically, the overall strength of the insulation material can be achieved by designing different numbers of stitching yarns for the continuous ceramic fiber yarns.
In summary, the present application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) multilayer structure design and material selection
The main material is oxide fiber material, which not only has higher use temperature, but also can resist oxidation; the surface fiber cloth is alumina fiber cloth, the high-temperature layer is mullite cotton felt, quartz fiber cotton and the like, and the use temperature of the material is increased to over 1300 ℃; the low-temperature layer is provided with the reflecting screen with high reflectivity, and the multiple layers of low-thermal-conductivity fiber cotton and the reflecting screen are alternately overlapped, so that the high-temperature resistance and the heat insulation effect of the whole material are improved;
(2) 'vessel' shaped sewing process design
The raw materials with different components are combined into a whole by a sewing thread passing through the raw materials to form a dish-shaped sewing. The strength and the fracture toughness among composite materials can be improved, the integrity and the diversity of the use of the materials can be improved, and the size stability of a sample piece is improved;
(3) method for designing suture
When the service temperature of the flexible heat-insulating material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃, the sewing thread which is antioxidant and high temperature resistant needs to adopt series of continuous alumina fiber or zirconia fiber yarns. Such continuous oxide fiber yarns have high modulus, poor toughness, and poor resistance to bending. If a conventional sewing preparation process is adopted, the fiber suture needs to be bent/folded at a large angle, and high-modulus fibers can be broken when bent/folded at a large angle at a needle eye and cannot be used as sewing threads. The high modulus fiber yarn is connected with the mature high tenacity sewing thread by adopting a special thread leading technology, the sewing needle is directly contacted with the high tenacity sewing thread in a traction mode of the high tenacity sewing thread, and the high modulus ceramic fiber is dragged to shuttle by being folded and stretched at the high tenacity sewing thread to finish sewing. Therefore, the fiber suture can be prevented from being directly folded in half and stretched and broken, and the purpose of using the high modulus fiber as the suture is realized. By adopting the lead technology, the fiber loss can be greatly reduced, and the high-modulus alumina/zirconia continuous fiber yarn can be applied as a suture, so that the good high-temperature strength of the flexible heat-insulating felt is provided;
(4) the invention adopts high temperature resistant and oxidation resistant fiber cloth/cotton/felt/yarn as main components, and can increase the service temperature of the flexible heat insulation material to 1300 ℃. The material has no special requirements on the use environment, can be stably used in an aerobic environment, and has the advantages of simple and convenient preparation process and simple and easy use and operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a heat insulating material obtained in example 1 of the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail in conjunction with the following:
the manufacturers of I-type fiber cloth, II-type fiber cloth and continuous ceramic fiber yarn are Shanghai silicate research institute of Chinese academy;
quartz fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, quartz cotton/felt are commercially available.
The insulation materials of examples 1-7 were prepared according to the following procedure:
the first step is as follows: cutting and weighing the required raw materials;
and calculating the mass of each component according to the density and the component requirements, cutting and weighing to obtain the raw material. Wherein the cutting sizes of the ceramic fiber cotton/felt, the reflecting screen and the quartz fiber cloth are determined according to the size of a finished product; and reserving unilateral side length allowance for the size of the alumina fiber cloth of the high-temperature layer closest to the heating surface to be bound with other layers.
The second step is that: carrying out layering treatment to obtain a heat insulation cloth body;
the third step: sewing;
spirally winding one end of a high-toughness sewing thread and one end of a continuous ceramic fiber yarn, wherein the common winding distance of the two threads is 5-20mm, and the two threads are connected through 502 glue and used as a whole; the other end of the high-toughness sewing thread penetrates through the sewing needle, continuous ceramic fiber yarns are drawn by the high-toughness sewing thread to penetrate through the heat-insulating cloth body obtained in the second step, the multiple layers of raw materials of the heat-insulating cloth body are sewn into a whole, and the whole is bent and stretched at the high-toughness sewing thread. When the continuous ceramic fiber yarns are sewn at two ends, the continuous ceramic fiber yarns are adopted for knotting and ending, and the high-toughness sewing threads and the redundant continuous ceramic fiber yarns are removed, so that the sewing is finished.
The sewing method comprises the following steps: the single-pass sewing thread is in a continuous zigzag sewing mode and is sewn from the upper face and the lower face respectively, the passing points of the sewing threads sewn on the two faces are the same, the directions of the sewing threads are opposite, the sewing threads of two adjacent rows share one row of passing points, and the two faces are combined to form a line with the side face appearing as a continuous zigzag shape.
And the following tests were carried out on the heat insulating materials obtained in examples 1 to 7:
Figure BDA0003546182710000061
example 1
The 1300 ℃ oxidation-resistant low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material comprises: 45.4g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 9.5g of quartz fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 55.7g of mullite cotton felt, 49.8g of quartz cotton felt, 3.96g of polyimide aluminized film and 15.43g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are layered (according to the sequence of II-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and polyimide aluminized film, and quartz fiber cloth), and sewed to obtain 1300 deg.C antioxidant low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulating material with material density of 0.19g/cm3The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.045W/(m.K), and the tensile strength was 0.51 MPa.
Example 2
The 1300 ℃ anti-oxidation and low-heat-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material comprises the following specific components: 44.1g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 9.8g of quartz fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 76.8g of mullite cotton felt, 49.6g of quartz cotton felt, 3.4g of aluminum foil and 17.43g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. Layering the above components in sequence of II-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt and aluminum foil, and sewing to obtain 1300 deg.C antioxidant low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulating material with material density of 0.22g/cm3The thermal conductivity at room temperature is 0.047W/(m.K), the tensile strength is 0.53MPa, and the material has the mass loss rate after heat treatment at 1300 ℃ for 60s<3.50 percent. The surface of the test sample piece is flat after the test, and the condition of burning through or wire breakage does not exist. The material service temperature is more than or equal to 1300C.
Example 3
The 1300 ℃ anti-oxidation and low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material comprises the following specific components: 7.11g of I-type fiber cloth with the size of phi 250mm and 180mm6.58g of II-type fiber cloth, 5.32g of quartz fiber cloth, 30g of mullite cotton felt, 36.13g of quartz cotton felt and 6.09g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. Layering the above components (I-type fiber cloth, II-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz fiber cloth in sequence), and sewing to obtain 1300 deg.C antioxidant low thermal conductivity flexible heat insulating material with material density of 0.18g/cm3The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.040W/(mK), and the thermal conductivity at 1200 ℃ was 0.175W/(mK).
Example 4
The 1300 ℃ anti-oxidation and low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material comprises the following specific components: 17.5g of I-type fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 6.84g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 87.15g of mullite cotton felt and 7.96g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. Layering the above components (I-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, and II-type fiber cloth in sequence), and sewing to obtain 1300 deg.C antioxidant low thermal conductivity flexible thermal insulation material with a material density of 0.13g/cm3The thermal conductivity at room temperature is 0.031W/(m.K), the tensile strength is 0.26MPa, and the material is subjected to heat treatment at 1300 ℃ for 60s to obtain the mass loss rate<3.90 percent. The surface of the test sample piece is flat after the test, and the condition of burning through or wire breakage does not exist. The material service temperature is more than or equal to 1300C.
Example 5
The 1300 ℃ anti-oxidation and low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material comprises the following specific components: 17.5g of I-type fiber cloth with the size of 250mm multiplied by 250mm, 6.84g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 60.15g of mullite cotton felt, 77.33g of quartz cotton felt and 11.56g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. Layering the above components (I-type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz cotton felt, and II-type fiber cloth in sequence), and sewing to obtain 1300 deg.C antioxidant low thermal conductivity flexible thermal insulation material with a material density of 0.19g/cm3The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.033W/(m.K), and the tensile strength was 0.41 MPa.
Example 6
The 1300 ℃ anti-oxidation and low-thermal-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material comprises the following specific components: 11.2g of I-type fiber cloth having a size of 210mm × 210mm, 5.56g of II-type fiber cloth having a size of 150mm × 150mm, and quartz fiber cloth4.71g, 29.05g of mullite cotton felt, 27g of quartz cotton felt and 22.14g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are layered (I type fiber cloth, II type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz fiber cloth are layered in sequence), and sewed to obtain 1300 deg.C oxidation-resistant low-heat-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material with thickness of 20mm and material density of 0.21g/cm3The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.041W/(mK). The temperature is increased to 1300 ℃ after 1200 ℃ and 30min, and the back temperature after 60s thermal examination is 963 ℃. And after the test, the surface of the sample piece is checked to be flat, and the situation of burn-through or wire breakage does not exist. The material service temperature is more than or equal to 1300C.
Example 7
The 1300 ℃ anti-oxidation and low-heat-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material comprises the following specific components: 11.2g of I-type fiber cloth with the size of 210mm multiplied by 210mm, 5.56g of II-type fiber cloth with the size of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, 4.71g of quartz fiber cloth, 29.05g of mullite cotton felt, 27g of quartz cotton felt and 22.90g of continuous alumina fiber yarn. The above components are layered (I type fiber cloth, II type fiber cloth, mullite cotton felt, quartz fiber cloth are layered in sequence), and sewed to obtain 1300 deg.C oxidation-resistant low-heat-conductivity flexible heat-insulating material with thickness of 20mm and material density of 0.22g/cm3The thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.046W/(mK). The temperature is increased to 1300 ℃ after 1200 ℃ and 30min, and the back temperature after 60s thermal examination is 954 ℃. The surface of the test sample piece is flat after the test, and the condition of burning through or wire breakage does not exist. The material service temperature is more than or equal to 1300C.
The main material of the heat insulation material of the embodiment is high-temperature-resistant oxide fiber material which can resist oxidation, and the material has uniform mass loss rate after being heated on one side at 1200 ℃, 30min or 1300 ℃ and 60s<3.9 percent; the surface of the checking sample piece is smooth, and the situation of burnthrough or wire breakage is avoided, so that the service temperature of the heat insulation material is more than or equal to 1300 ℃; light weight and density of the material<0.25g/cm3(ii) a The material has good heat insulation effect and room temperature heat conductivity<0.047W/(m.K). The preparation method of the material is simple and easy to implement.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. An anti-oxidation, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material is characterized in that: the density of the heat insulating material is 0.1-0.4g/cm3The heat insulation material comprises a heat insulation cloth body and continuous ceramic fiber yarns for sewing the heat insulation cloth body, wherein the heat insulation cloth body comprises ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cotton/felt and an optional reflecting screen;
the ceramic fiber cloth comprises alumina fiber cloth and optionally quartz fiber cloth;
based on 100% of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body, the mass content of the alumina fiber cloth is 0-50.12%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of the ceramic fiber cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%;
the content of the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is 6.0-30% of the mass of the heat insulation cloth body.
2. The oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the continuous ceramic fiber yarn is a continuous alumina fiber yarn or a continuous zirconia fiber yarn.
3. The oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reflecting screen material is at least one of stainless steel foil, aluminum foil or polyimide aluminized film.
4. The oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the alumina fiber cloth comprises a II-type fiber cloth containing alumina with the mass content of more than 99 percent and an I-type fiber cloth optionally containing mullite component; the ceramic fiber batts include mullite batts/felts, and optionally quartz batts/felts.
5. The oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 4, wherein: based on 100% of the total mass of the heat insulation cloth body, the mass content of the I-type fiber cloth is 0-20.10%, the mass content of the II-type fiber cloth is 0-30.02%, the mass content of the quartz fiber cloth is 0-7.15%, the mass content of mullite cotton/felt is 15.70-95.97%, the mass content of quartz cotton/felt is 0-52.70%, and the mass content of the reflecting screen is 0-3%;
when the mullite cotton/felt content is 95.97 percent of the total mass of the heat-insulating cloth body, the quartz cotton/felt mass content is 0; when the content of the mullite cotton/felt accounts for less than 95.97 percent of the total mass of the heat-insulating cloth body, the mass content of the quartz cotton/felt is more than 0.
6. The oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the sequence of the heat insulation cloth body from the high-temperature layer to the low-temperature layer is as follows: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth;
or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, quartz cotton/felt, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth; or: alumina fiber cloth, mullite cotton/felt, a superposed layer, alumina fiber cloth or quartz fiber cloth, wherein the superposed layer is obtained by alternately laying quartz cotton/felt and a reflecting screen.
7. The method for preparing the oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
performing layering treatment on the raw materials to obtain a heat insulation cloth body;
sewing the heat-insulating cloth body, connecting the high-toughness sewing thread with the continuous ceramic fiber yarn, drawing the continuous ceramic fiber yarn to penetrate through the heat-insulating cloth body through the high-toughness sewing thread for sewing, bending and stretching at the high-toughness sewing thread, knotting and ending the fiber yarn when sewing to two ends, and removing the high-toughness sewing thread and redundant fiber yarn to finish sewing.
8. The method for preparing the oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the high tenacity sewing thread to continuous ceramic fiber yarn connection comprises: one end of the high-toughness sewing thread and one end of the continuous fiber yarn are spirally wound, the winding distance is 5-20mm, and the high-toughness sewing thread and the continuous fiber yarn are quickly bonded and connected; the length of the reserved side of the layer with the high-temperature layer closest to the heating surface is 30-120 mm.
9. The method for preparing the oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sewing is a dish-shaped sewing, and comprises the following sewing steps: the single-pass sewing thread is in a continuous zigzag sewing mode, sewing is respectively carried out from the upper surface and the lower surface, the passing points of the sewing threads sewn on the two surfaces are the same, and the directions of the sewing threads are opposite.
10. The method for preparing the oxidation-resistant, low-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant flexible heat-insulating material according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sewing step, the stitches of two adjacent rows share one row of passing points.
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CN117644698B (en) * 2023-12-25 2024-05-03 宜兴市新立织造有限公司 Heterogeneous structure thermal protection needled composite material and preparation method thereof

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