CN109504394A - Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent and preparation method thereof and retain water and nutrients soil - Google Patents
Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent and preparation method thereof and retain water and nutrients soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109504394A CN109504394A CN201811516840.8A CN201811516840A CN109504394A CN 109504394 A CN109504394 A CN 109504394A CN 201811516840 A CN201811516840 A CN 201811516840A CN 109504394 A CN109504394 A CN 109504394A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent and preparation method thereof and retain water and nutrients soil.Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention includes following components and its parts by weight: 40-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, 10-20 parts of charcoal.Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention has the characteristics of highly effective water-keeping fertilizer conservation and performance is stablized, by being utilized to solid waste such as weathered coals, realize waste resource recovery utilization, environmental protection and reduction production cost, in addition, ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention not will cause soil degradation and environmental pollution, and ecological safety is environmental-friendly.Retain water and nutrients soil of the invention contains above-mentioned ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, and crop yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping technical field more particularly to a kind of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent and its systems
Preparation Method and retain water and nutrients soil.
Background technique
Water resource shortage is the particularly significant problem that China faces, and China's water resources ownership per capita only accounts for
The a quarter of world occupancy volume per person, and China's Water Consumption in Agriculture accounts for the 60% of national total water consumption, but water utilization is imitated
Rate is very low.The following shortage of water resources hinders one of the major issue of China's agricultural development by becoming.
In recent years, the way of yield and water use efficiency that crops are agriculturally improved using water-retaining agent is more and more general
Time, water-retaining agent is a kind of high molecular material that can be absorbed water and be retained, and has the retain water and nutrients performance of enhancing soil, improves soil
Basic physical and chemical, the structure for improveing soil promote crop growth and improve the performance of fertilizer utilization efficiency, therefore agricultural
It is likened to " miniature reservoir " by upper people.
At present using more agricultural water-loss reducer be mostly synthesized polymer class water-retaining agent, natural macromolecule modification class water-retaining agent and
Organo-mineral complexing water-retaining agent.Wherein, although synthesized polymer class water-retaining agent water absorbing properties are good, gel strength is high, its salt tolerant
Property is poor, and the later period is not degradable, is likely to result in soil degradation and environmental pollution；Although natural macromolecule modification class water-retaining agent salt tolerant
Property it is good, relatively environment-friendly, but used raw material need to purify, preparation process is complicated, and higher cost, stability is also poor,
The economic benefit of peasant can not be significantly improved；Organo-mineral complexing water-retaining agent raw material sources are extensive, environmental protection and cost phase
To lower, but and underuse now generally existing solid waste resource, product is also not necessarily suitable North Dry
Ground soil.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, which first consists in, provides a kind of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, has water conservation, fertilizer conservation, ecology peace
Entirely, efficiently, solid wastes recycling utilize and it is environmental-friendly the features such as, the water suction, water conservation, nutrient preserving capability of soil can be significantly improved
Can, improve crop yield.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of preparation method of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, simple process, systems
The ecological organic type compound water retaining agent obtained has excellent water suction, water conservation, fertilizer conservation performance.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of retain water and nutrients soil to protect containing above-mentioned ecological organic type compound water retaining agent
Water fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, and crop yield is high.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention firstly provides a kind of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, including following components and
Its parts by weight: 40-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, charcoal 10-
20 parts.
Optionally, the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent includes following components and its parts by weight: polyacrylamide 40-50
Part, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, 10-20 parts of charcoal.
Optionally, the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent includes following components and its parts by weight: 50 parts of polyacrylamide,
10 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of bone meal, 15 parts of weathered coal, 15 parts of charcoal.
Optionally, the form of the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent is powder, tablet or particle.
Optionally, the form of the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent is tablet or particle, and the ecology organic type is multiple
Closing water-retaining agent further includes following components and its parts by weight: 0.1-1 parts of initiator, 0.1-1 parts of crosslinking agent.
Optionally, the initiator includes one of ammonium ceric nitrate, ammonium persulfate and potassium peroxydisulfate or a variety of；The friendship
Joining agent includes glycerol and N, one of N'- methylene-bisacrylamide or a variety of.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, comprising: provides each raw material component, institute
Stating each raw material component includes 40-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, life
10-20 parts of object charcoal, each raw material component is uniformly mixed, obtains ecological organic type compound water retaining agent.
Optionally, the preparation method of the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent includes the following steps:
Step 1 provides each raw material component, is dried, is sieved to each raw material component；
Step 2 weighs each raw material component according to the proportion speed of each raw material component；
Step 3, to weighed each raw material component carry out mixing mix well it, obtain ecological organic type composite water conservation
Agent.
Optionally, the preparation method of the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent further include: add in each raw material component
Add 0.1-1 parts of 0.1-1 parts of initiator and crosslinking agent and be uniformly mixed, the life of tablet or particle shape is prepared using moulding process
State organic type compound water retaining agent.
The present invention also provides a kind of retain water and nutrients soil, including soil and the ecology as described above being scattered in soil
Organic type compound water retaining agent.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention has the characteristics of highly effective water-keeping fertilizer conservation and performance is stablized, and leads to
It crosses and the solid waste such as weathered coal is utilized, realize waste resource recovery utilization, environmental protection and reduction production cost, in addition,
Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention not will cause soil degradation and environmental pollution, and ecological safety is environmental-friendly.
(2) the suction pure water multiplying power of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can reach 280-430 times, tap water water suction
Multiplying power can reach 240-360 times.
(3) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can significantly improve the ability and jade of potting soil water storage water conservation
The dry-matter accumulation amount in rice seedling stage.
(4) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can not only significantly improve the storage capacity of 0-2m soil layer,
Soil water evaporation is reduced, improves water use efficiency, moreover it is possible to promote soil microbial activities, significantly improve microbes biomass
The content of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus.
(5) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can significantly improve the grain yield and biology of Winter Wheat in Rainfed
Yield significantly improves the economic benefit of wheat.
(6) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can significantly improve soil nitrogen mineralization, reduce nitrogen
Apparent loss amount.
(7) the preparation method simple process of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention, ecology organic type obtained are multiple
The water suction, water conservation, fertilizer conservation performance of soil can be significantly improved by closing water-retaining agent, improve crop yield.
(8) retain water and nutrients soil of the invention contains above-mentioned ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, crop
Yield is high.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 compares figure respectively to handle the soil moisture content of potting corn in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is respectively to handle potting corn in the embodiment of the present invention 1 to compare figure in the dry matter accumulation amount of Maize at Seedling Stage.
Specific embodiment
Term as used herein:
" by ... preparation " it is synonymous with "comprising".Term "comprising" used herein, " comprising ", " having ", " containing "
Or its any other deformation, it is intended that cover non-exclusionism includes.For example, composition, step, method comprising listed elements,
Product or device are not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include not expressly listed other elements or such composition, step
Suddenly, method, product or the intrinsic element of device.
Conjunction " by ... form " exclude any element that do not point out, step or component.If in claim,
This phrase will make claim closed, so that it is not included the material in addition to the material of those descriptions, but relative
Except customary impurities.When phrase " by ... form " be rather than immediately following theme in the clause that appears in claim main body after
When, only it is limited to element described in the clause；Other elements be not excluded the claim as a whole it
Outside.
Equivalent, concentration or other values or parameter are excellent with range, preferred scope or a series of upper limit preferred values and lower limit
When the Range Representation that choosing value limits, this should be understood as specifically disclosing by any range limit or preferred value and any range
Any pairing of lower limit or preferred value is formed by all ranges, regardless of whether the range separately discloses.For example, when open
When range " 1~5 ", described range should be interpreted as including range " 1~4 ", " 1~3 ", " 1~2 ", " 1~2 and 4~
5 ", " 1~3 and 5 " etc..When numberical range is described herein, unless otherwise stated, otherwise the range is intended to include its end
Value and all integers and score in the range.
In these embodiments, unless otherwise specified, described part and percentage are by weight.
" mass parts " refer to the basic measurement unit for indicating the mass ratio relationship of multiple components, and 1 part can indicate arbitrary list
Position quality, can such as be expressed as 1g, may also indicate that 2.689g etc..If we say that the mass parts of component A are a parts, the matter of B component
Measuring part is b parts, then it represents that the quality of component A and the mass ratio a:b of B component.Alternatively, indicating that the quality of component A is aK, B group
The quality divided is bK (K is arbitrary number, indicates multiplying factor).It can not misread, unlike mass fraction, all components
The sum of mass parts be not limited to 100 parts of limitation.
"and/or" is used to indicate that one of illustrated situation or both may to occur, for example, A and/or B includes (A
And B) and (A or B)；
In addition, indefinite article "an" before element of the present invention or component and "one" quantitative requirement to element or component
(i.e. frequency of occurrence) unrestriction.Therefore "one" or "an" should be read as including one or at least one, and odd number
The element or component of form also include plural form, unless the obvious purport of the quantity refers to singular.
The present invention provides a kind of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, including following components and its parts by weight: polyacrylamide
40-50 parts, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, 10-20 parts of charcoal.
The polyacrylamide is a kind of high molecular polymer, it can absorb the water of own wt hundred times to thousand times
Point, nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free, water absorbing capacity extra-heavy, water holding capacity is extra-high, service life and lasts a long time, storage in the soil
Water soil moisture conservation can maintain 4 years or so.
The bentonite has stronger hygroscopicity and dilatancy, the water of adsorbable 8~15 times of own vols, volume
It expands up to several times to 30 times, has stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC), there is certain suction to various gases, liquid, organic substance
Attached ability, maximal absorptive capacity is up to 5 times of itself weight, the bentonitic reserves No. 1 in the world in China, A wide selection of colours and designs, distribution
Extensively.
The bone meal is to raise bone as powdered fertilizer made of raw material, and main component has tricalcium phosphate, gelatine and fat, warp
Cross the mineral nutrient elements such as the bone meal phosphorus element rich in being easily absorbed and used by plants of processing.
The weathered coal is the biggish industrial solid castoff of China's discharge amount, general using landfill or outdoor heap at present
It puts, since yield is high, makes a low multiple use, pollution not only is caused to environment, but also also belong to the waste of resource.Weathered coal has
Machine matter content is high (can reach 90%), and specific grain surface product is larger, and adsorption activity with higher, porosity is up to 50%-
80%, there is very strong water imbibition, is providing except nutrient necessary to crops, nitrogen in soil, phosphorus can also be reduced
The risk that the mineral nutrient elements leaching such as element is lost.
The charcoal is by corn stover in anoxic or anoxybiotic environment, and the solid-state generated after high temperature pyrolysis produces
Object, it can improve the physicochemical property (improving soil pH value, organic carbon content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) etc.) of soil, promote fungi,
The growth of nitrogen-fixing microorganism function monoid, increases soil fertility, and increases crop yield, the mineral nutritions such as fixed or adsorption of nitrogen, phosphorus
The pollutants such as element and heavy metal, pesticide can not only reduce the loss of the mineral nutrient elements leaching such as nitrogen in soil, phosphorus element
Risk, moreover it is possible to reduce murder by poisoning etc. of the heavy metal-polluted soil to plant.
Preferably, ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention includes following components and its parts by weight: polyacrylamide
40-50 parts, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, 10-20 parts of charcoal.
Pass through indoor water absorption test and pot experiment, the results showed that, the ecological organic type composite water conservation of above-mentioned optimum ratio
The suction pure water multiplying power of agent can reach 280-430 times, can not only significantly improve the soil moisture content of potting soil, improve soil moisture content,
It can also promote the growth and development of potting corn, improve aerial part dry-matter accumulation amount.Ecology containing above-mentioned optimum ratio has
The water content and dry-matter accumulation amount of the soil of type compound water retaining agent respectively compared with blank control improve 50.6%-72.7% and
39.9%-56.9%.
Most preferably, ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention includes following components and its parts by weight: polyacrylamide
50 parts of amine, 10 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of bone meal, 15 parts of weathered coal, 15 parts of charcoal.
The suction pure water multiplying power of the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent most preferably matched can reach 430 times, can make potting soil
72.7% and 56.9% is respectively increased compared with blank control in the water content and dry-matter accumulation amount of earth；Additionally it is possible to significantly improve
The storage capacity of Upland Wheat Field 0-2m soil layer, microbes biomass carbon, nitrogen, the content of phosphorus and wheat economic flow rate, reduce
Nitrogen apparent loss rate increases mineralization of nitrogen amount.Harvest time storage capacity increases by 16.8% compared with overlay film control treatment；Microorganism
Carbon, the content of nitrogen and phosphorous are respectively increased 67.2%, 67.8% and 23.5% compared with control；Grain yield and biological yield relatively compare respectively
Processing improves 11.1% and 16%；The relatively control of nitrogen apparent loss amount reduces 86.2kg/hm2；Mineralization of nitrogen amount is mentioned compared with control
It is high by 115%.
Specifically, the form of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can be powder, tablet or particle.
When the form of the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent is tablet or particle, the compound guarantor of the ecology organic type
Aqua further includes following components and its parts by weight: 0.1-1 parts of initiator, 0.1-1 parts of crosslinking agent.
Optionally, the initiator includes one of ammonium ceric nitrate, ammonium persulfate and potassium peroxydisulfate or a variety of.
Optionally, the crosslinking agent includes glycerol and N, one of N'- methylene-bisacrylamide or a variety of.
Generally speaking, the advantages of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention, includes:
(1) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention has the characteristics of highly effective water-keeping fertilizer conservation and performance is stablized, and leads to
It crosses and the solid waste such as weathered coal is utilized, realize waste resource recovery utilization, environmental protection and reduction production cost, in addition,
Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention not will cause soil degradation and environmental pollution, and ecological safety is environmental-friendly.
(2) the suction pure water multiplying power of ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can reach 280-430 times, tap water water suction
Multiplying power can reach 240-360 times.
(3) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can significantly improve the ability and jade of potting soil water storage water conservation
The dry-matter accumulation amount in rice seedling stage.Wherein, 50.6%-72.7%, maize seedling can be improved compared with blank control in potting soil water content
Phase dry-matter accumulation amount improves 39.9%-56.9% compared with blank control, and with ecological organic type compound water retaining agent sowing amount
Increase, effect becomes apparent from.
(4) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can not only significantly improve the storage capacity of 0-2m soil layer,
Soil water evaporation is reduced, improves water use efficiency, moreover it is possible to promote soil microbial activities, significantly improve microbes biomass
The content of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus.Wherein, winter wheat harvest time storage capacity increases by 16.8% compared with overlay film control treatment；Water utilization effect
19.8% and 30% is respectively increased in rate relatively control and overlay film control treatment；Microbes biomass carbon, the content of nitrogen and phosphorous relatively compare difference
Improve 67.2%, 67.8% and 23.5%.
(5) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can significantly improve the grain yield and biology of Winter Wheat in Rainfed
Yield significantly improves the economic benefit of wheat.Wherein, grain yield and biological yield improve 11.1% He compared with control treatment respectively
16%.
(6) ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can significantly improve soil nitrogen mineralization, reduce nitrogen
Apparent loss amount.Wherein, mineralization of nitrogen amount relatively control improves 115%；The relatively control of nitrogen apparent loss amount reduces 86.2kg/hm2。
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned ecological organic type compound water retaining agent, comprising: provides each raw material group
Point, each raw material component includes 40-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, weathered coal 10-20
Part, 10-20 parts of charcoal, each raw material component is uniformly mixed, ecological organic type compound water retaining agent is obtained.
When preparing the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of tablet or particle shape, the ecology organic type composite water conservation
The preparation method of agent further include: added in each raw material component initiator 0.1-1 part with 0.1-1 parts of crosslinking agent and mix equal
It is even, the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of tablet or particle shape is prepared using moulding process.
Specifically, in one embodiment of this invention, the preparation method of the ecology organic type compound water retaining agent includes such as
Lower step:
Step 1 provides each raw material component, is dried, is sieved to each raw material component；
Step 2 weighs each raw material component according to the proportion speed of each raw material component；
Step 3, to weighed each raw material component carry out mixing mix well it, obtain ecological organic type composite water conservation
Agent.
Specifically, 0.8- is in the aperture of the sieve used when being sieved to each raw material component in the step 1
1.2mm, preferably 1mm.
When preparing the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of tablet or particle shape, the ecology organic type composite water conservation
The preparation method of agent further include: initiator and crosslinking agent are added in the mixed process of each raw material component of the step 3 and mixes
It closes uniformly, the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of tablet or particle shape is prepared using moulding process.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of retain water and nutrients soil, including soil and the above-mentioned life being scattered in soil
The retain water and nutrients ability of state organic type compound water retaining agent, retain water and nutrients soil is strong, and crop yield is high.
Specifically, the soil can be existing any type of soil.
Specifically, in the retain water and nutrients soil, the dry matter in the ecology organic type compound water retaining agent and the soil
Mass ratio be 0.05-0.2g:1kg, preferably 0.1g:1kg.
Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention and its technical effect are carried out in the form of specific embodiment below
It is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The ecological organic type compound water retaining agent that the embodiment 1 is selected includes: 40-50 parts of polyacrylamide, bentonite 10-20
Part, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, 10-20 parts of charcoal.
This test is pot experiment, is experimental field located at experiment station, resource environment institute, Agricultural University Of Shanxi, is adopted for examination soil
Collection is Cinnamon Soils, through natural air drying standby from experiment station, resource environment institute, Agricultural University Of Shanxi base 0-20cm soil
With；It is corn for studying object, kind is first jade 335.
This test sets 5 processing altogether, respectively control (CK), proportion 1, proportion 2, proportion 3 and proportion 4.Proportion 1, proportion
2, proportion 3 and proportion 4 respectively represent the different ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of 4 kinds of each group distribution ratios.Each processing is three
Secondary repetition, container used in potting are the plastic barrel of diameter 50cm, depth 40cm, and each potting is by native, water-retaining agent and urea
It is fitted into plastic barrel after mixing well, each plastics barreled wind desiceted soil 10kg, the amount of application of urea is in each plastic barrel
0.1g/kg wind desiceted soil does not apply phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the amount of application of the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent respectively matched in each plastic barrel
It is 0.1g/kg wind desiceted soil, during test, the irrigation simultaneous equal of each potting, the component proportion respectively handled is shown in Table 1.
The component proportion that table 1 is respectively handled
Fig. 1 is that the soil moisture content of each processing potting corn compares figure.Referring to Fig. 1 it is found that respectively handling the soil of potting corn
Earth water content is all remarkably higher than CK, improves 50.6%-72.7% (P < 0.05) compared with it, and difference reaches the level of signifiance.Proportion
3 are significantly higher than CK and proportion 1, proportion 2 with the soil moisture content for matching 4, wherein match the 4 soil moisture content raising compared with CK
14.2% (P < 0.05) and 14.7% (P < is respectively increased in 72.7% (P < 0.05), the relatively soil moisture content of proportion 1 and proportion 2
0.05), and difference reaches the level of signifiance, and difference is not significant between proportion 3, but still can be improved 2.7%.Show proportion 4
Water holding capacity is better than other proportions.
Fig. 2 compares figure in the dry matter accumulation amount of Maize at Seedling Stage for each processing potting corn.The result shows that respectively handling potting
Maize at Seedling Stage dry-matter accumulation amount is all remarkably higher than CK, improves 29.9%-56.9% (P < 0.05) compared with it, and difference reaches
The level of signifiance.The dry-matter accumulation amount of proportion 4 improves 56.9% (P < 0.05), 3 difference of relatively proportion 1, proportion 2 and proportion compared with CK
14.2% (P < 0.05), 10.5% (P < 0.05) and 20.8% (P < 0.05) are improved, difference reaches the level of signifiance.Show
For relatively other proportions, proportion 4 can significantly improve the dry-matter accumulation amount of Maize at Seedling Stage.
Embodiment 2
This test is crop field application test, this test is in Shanxi Province, Hongdong County, the Linfen town the Liu Jiayuan village Dong Liang drought-hit area wheatland
(long term experiment area) carries out, and test period is in September, 2014 in June, -2015, and experimental field area is located at north latitude 36o3', east longitude
117o7', the area belong to the continental monsoon climate in warm temperate zone, and average temperature of the whole year is 12-13 DEG C, current year winter wheat time out (the 6-9 month)
Rainfall is 413.3mm, and breeding time rainfall is 95.9mm.It is Cinnamon Soils for examination soil, quality is medium loam.
This test sets 3 processing, 4 repetitions, plot area 170-470m altogether2, using random district's groups arrangement design.3
A processing is respectively as follows: control treatment, overlay film control treatment, present invention processing, and three processing are sowed in equivalent fertilizer application condition
Plant winter wheat.Wherein, present invention processing refers to the processing that ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention is added in soil, institute
Stating ecological organic type compound water retaining agent includes: 50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of bone meal, 15 parts of weathered coal, biology
15 parts of charcoal.
Each grain yield for handling winter wheat, biological yield and harvest index are as shown in table 2, it can be seen that place of the present invention
Reason can significantly improve the grain yield and biological yield of winter wheat, and grain yield and biological yield are improved compared with control treatment respectively
11.1% (P < 0.05) and 16% (P < 0.05), and difference reaches the level of signifiance, has one compared with overlay film control treatment
Fixed raising, but difference is not significant.Show that the present invention can significantly improve the yield of winter wheat, from the point of view of environmental angle, this hair
It is bright that there is the promotional value bigger than coating processing.
Table 2 respectively handles grain yield, biological yield and the harvest index of winter wheat
Table 3 is the water use efficiency of each processing winter wheat, it can be seen that 0-2m pondage is without significance difference before each processing is broadcast
It is different, by the water consumption of one Growing season of winter wheat, in addition the rainfall of During Growing Period of Winter Wheat locality is less, soil 0-2m after harvest
Pondage presents and trend is greatly reduced.The soil 0-2m pondage that the present invention is handled after harvest increases compared with overlay film control treatment
16.8% (P < 0.05), and difference reaches the level of signifiance, difference is not significant between control treatment, but still can be improved 5.9%.It says
The bright present invention can effectively store moisture in the soil water conservation, reduce the invalid evaporation of soil moisture.In addition, the water utilization effect that the present invention is handled
19.8% (P < 0.05) and 30% (P < 0.05) is respectively increased in rate relatively control and overlay film control treatment, and difference reaches significant
It is horizontal.Show that ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can effectively improve the water use efficiency of drought-hit area soil, to reach
To the purpose of dry land wheat high yield.
Table 3 respectively handles the efficiency of water application of wheat
Table 4 is the content of each processing wheat harvest topsoil soils microbes biomass carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, it is known that, place of the present invention
67.2%, 67.8% and 23.5% (P < is respectively increased compared with control in the winter wheat harvest time Microbial of reason, the content of nitrogen and phosphorous
0.05), and difference reaches the level of signifiance, but difference is not significant between overlay film control treatment.Illustrate the present invention with overlay film pair
It is the same according to processing, good hydrothermal condition can be provided for the growth and development of winter wheat, be conducive to the numerous of topsoil microorganism
It grows and growth and development, promotes decomposition mineralising organic phosphorus in the soil organism and soil, to improve soil microbial biomass
Carbon, the content of nitrogen and phosphorous.
Table 4 respectively handles the content of wheat harvest topsoil soils microbes biomass carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus
Table 5 is the Nitrogen balance in each processing wheat growth stage 2m soil layer, as can be seen from Table 5, the mine that the present invention is handled
Change nitrogen and improve 115.0% (P < 0.05) compared with control treatment, and difference reaches the level of signifiance, not with overlay film control treatment difference
Significantly, but still it can be improved 9.0%；The nitrogen apparent loss amount that the present invention is handled reduces 86.2kg/hm compared with control treatment2, and it is poor
It is different to reach the level of signifiance, it is not significant with overlay film control treatment difference, but still 1.4kg/hm can be reduced2.Illustrate that the present invention can not only
It is enough effectively to adjust soil environment, improve the mineralization ability of nitrogen, moreover it is possible to reduce the volatilization and Nitrogen Leaching risk of ammonia, and then improve and make
Produce amount.
Table 5 respectively handles the Nitrogen balance in wheat time of infertility 2m soil layer
Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of the invention can not only improve the water suction, water conservation, fertilizer conservation performance of soil, reduce
The evaporation of Upland Wheat Field moisture has good facilitation to the growth and development of winter wheat entire breeding time, moreover it is possible to improve soil
Earth mineralization of nitrogen amount reduces soil nitrogen loss, improves the water use efficiency of soil, increases the economic of Winter Wheat in Rainfed and produces
Amount, and be a kind of nonirrigated farmland water conservation yield-increasing technology no less than overlay film control plantation, it is suitable for being promoted in China's drought plateau area of wheat
Using.
In above-described embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, alphabetical a, b, the c occurred in attached drawing and table react 5% between being each processing
The level of signifiance.
The numberical range of each technological parameter as involved in the present invention can not all embody in the above-described embodiments,
As long as but those skilled in the art's envisioned any numerical value fallen into the above-mentioned numberical range completely can be implemented this
Invention also includes any combination of occurrence in several numberical ranges certainly.Herein, due to space considerations, be omitted to
Out in certain one or more numberical range occurrence embodiment, this disclosure for being not to be construed as technical solution of the present invention do not fill
Point.
The Applicant declares that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments detailed process equipment and process flow of the invention,
But the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flow, that is, it is above-mentioned detailed not mean that the present invention must rely on
Process equipment and process flow could be implemented.It should be clear to those skilled in the art, any improvement in the present invention,
Addition, concrete mode selection of equivalence replacement and auxiliary element to each raw material of product of the present invention etc., fall in protection of the invention
In range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ecology organic type compound water retaining agent, which is characterized in that including following components and its parts by weight: polyacrylamide
40-50 parts, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, 10-20 parts of charcoal.
2. ecology organic type compound water retaining agent as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ecology organic type composite water conservation
Agent includes following components and its parts by weight: 40-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, weathered coal
10-20 parts, 10-20 parts of charcoal.
3. ecology organic type compound water retaining agent as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the ecology organic type composite water conservation
Agent includes following components and its parts by weight: 50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of bone meal, 15 parts of weathered coal, charcoal
15 parts.
4. ecology organic type compound water retaining agent as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ecology organic type composite water conservation
The form of agent is powder, tablet or particle.
5. ecology organic type compound water retaining agent as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the ecology organic type composite water conservation
The form of agent is tablet or particle, and the ecology organic type compound water retaining agent further includes following components and its parts by weight: being caused
0.1-1 parts of agent, 0.1-1 parts of crosslinking agent.
6. ecology organic type compound water retaining agent as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the initiator includes cerous nitrate
One of ammonium, ammonium persulfate and potassium peroxydisulfate are a variety of；The crosslinking agent includes glycerol and N, N'- methylene-bisacrylamide
One of or it is a variety of.
7. a kind of preparation method of ecology organic type compound water retaining agent characterized by comprising each raw material component is provided, it is described
Each raw material component includes 40-50 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 10-20 parts of bone meal, 10-20 parts of weathered coal, biology
10-20 parts of charcoal, each raw material component is uniformly mixed, obtains ecological organic type compound water retaining agent.
8. the preparation method of ecology organic type compound water retaining agent as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the ecology is organic
The preparation method of type compound water retaining agent includes the following steps:
Step 1 provides each raw material component, is dried, is sieved to each raw material component；
Step 2 weighs each raw material component according to the proportion speed of each raw material component；
Step 3, to weighed each raw material component carry out mixing mix well it, obtain ecological organic type compound water retaining agent.
9. the preparation method of ecology organic type compound water retaining agent as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the ecology is organic
The preparation method of type compound water retaining agent further include: initiator 0.1-1 parts and crosslinking agent 0.1-1 are added in each raw material component
Part is simultaneously uniformly mixed, and the ecological organic type compound water retaining agent of tablet or particle shape is prepared using moulding process.
10. a kind of retain water and nutrients soil, which is characterized in that including soil and be scattered in soil as claim 1-6 is any
Ecological organic type compound water retaining agent described in.
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