CN109496987A - A kind of selection improving local egg articles system egg number - Google Patents
A kind of selection improving local egg articles system egg number Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496987A CN109496987A CN201811648179.6A CN201811648179A CN109496987A CN 109496987 A CN109496987 A CN 109496987A CN 201811648179 A CN201811648179 A CN 201811648179A CN 109496987 A CN109496987 A CN 109496987A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 109
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000831652 Salinivibrio sharmensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of selections for improving local egg articles system egg number.Local egg strain Individual egg production minute and data are selected using the two-stage for making improvement.One stage was still suitably to amplify the rate of reserving seed for planting based on 43 week old egg numbers to be selected and reserved seed for planting.Data preparation, seed selection, semen deposition stay the time Estimates such as egg and hatching to need 8 ~ 9 weeks, during this period, continue 44 ~ 52 week old Individual egg production of measurement.After offspring's hatching, the measurement of 52 week old of parent, selected again according to laying rate fall off rate (44-52 week old) and 43 week old egg numbers.Thus, it is possible to realize in the case where not extending parent's feeding period, the record time is appropriately extended, accuracy of selection is largely improved, to improve the generation Breeding Progress of egg number.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laying hen breeding technical fields, and in particular to one kind can be improved local egg articles system individual and lay eggs
Several selections.
Technical background
Egg number is one of the main indicator of laying hen breeding.Numerous researchs in recent years show that extending Individual egg production surveys
Egg number selection accuracy rate can be improved in fixed cycle and being used.It is external since high-yield egg chicken strain later period laying rate is higher
The measurement period of high-yield egg chicken strain breeding has extended to 68 or even 80 week old.
The breeding of domestic place egg articles system, is generally used early stage breeding, i.e., carries out " one using egg number before 43 week old
Stage back-and-forth method ".According to external high-yield egg chicken strain " two stage selection method ", Individual egg production measurement is extended to 66 weeks
Age recycles 43 week old egg numbers and 44 ~ 66 week old egg numbers to carry out two stage selection.At this point, local laying rate of chicken is lower than more
50%, select accuracy to be difficult to ensure, and raise a large amount of low yields or not laying hen, increased costs, it is difficult to utilization and extention；It is directly logical
The method for extending egg number minute is crossed, the breeding of China place egg articles system is not fully suitable for.
It, can be by under later period laying rate in the case where individual later period egg number is not easy to by directly measuring acquisition
The estimation of longer cycle egg number is realized in the deduction of drop trend, to improve accuracy of selection using limited data.Indigenous chicken
Group's week laying rate changes the biological regularity for having its set.It can substantially conclude are as follows: open postpartum laying rate and rise very fast, general 6-
(26-30 week old) reaches peak of laying eggs within 8 weeks, and continues 3-4 weeks.After peak, production curve decline is slow, steady, linearly
Shape declines weekly 0.3-0.6%.Laying rate straight line rapid decrease after 38 week old.Individual week laying rate variation tendency and group are substantially
It is close.It can be assumed that the decline of later period laying rate is faster, and later period egg number is also got in the identical situation of accumulation early period egg number
It is low.Exception is, in the laying rate decline stage in later period, of short duration ascendant trend is presented in practical laying rate, illustrates the individual
There is a section idling period during statistics, this individual should judge and determine one by one, eliminate in time.
Based on discussed above, to local egg strain Individual egg production minute and data using making the two of improvement
Stage selection.One stage was still suitably to amplify the rate of reserving seed for planting based on 43 week old egg numbers to be selected and reserved seed for planting.Data preparation, choosing
Kind, semen deposition stay the time Estimates such as egg and hatching to need 8 ~ 9 weeks, during this period, continue 44 ~ 52 week old Individual egg production of measurement.?
After offspring's hatching, the measurement of 52 week old of parent, again according to laying rate fall off rate (44-52 week old) and 43 week old egg numbers
It is selected.Thus, it is possible to realize in the case where not extending parent's feeding period, the record time is appropriately extended, largely mentions
High selection accuracy, to improve the generation Breeding Progress of egg number.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is generally directed to local egg articles systems.
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of selection that can be improved local egg articles system egg number, raising is laid eggs
Several generation Breeding Progress are comparatively fast to improve egg number.For this purpose, of the invention to adopt the following technical scheme that
A kind of selection can be improved local egg articles system egg number, is characterized in that and includes the following steps:
1, it chooses and measures pedigree hatching hen 2000, local egg articles system or more, wear wing number, the raising of laying period single cage
(1600 or more), conventional nutrient level, environmental condition, feeding management measure are freely eaten.
2, production i.e. recording individual is opened certainly to lay eggs daily situation, until 52 week old, 43 week old individuals of statistics accumulate egg number, 44 to
52 weeks all laying rate.
3, in statistics to 43 week old, according to Individual egg production achievement, utilizer tying as needed is interior, comprehensive refers to of the whole family
The selection methods such as several or BLUP are selected；Expand cock man coefficient (increasing by 30%) and hen reserves seed for planting rate (increasing by 50%)；It presses
Principle between male and female chicken in 3 generations without inbreeding sets up family, breeding.According to needs of reserving seed for planting, lot number of reserving seed for planting is selected.The hen parent to reserve seed for planting
Originally continue egg number measurement, until 52 week old.
4,44 to 52 week old week of utilization laying rate data are fitted the laying rate of each individual this period with least square method
Equation y=kx+b.Wherein y is all laying rate, and x is week old, and k is coefficient, indicates laying rate downward trend (rule), and b is constant.,
Laying rate downward trend is different after each individual 44 week old, with kiIt indicates.Work as kiIt is being checked errorless when there is the case where being greater than zero
Afterwards, the individual is eliminated first.
5, x is utilizedi ‘=(xi-xmin)/(xmax-xmin) formula carries out standard to individual 43 week old egg number each of is selected and remain
Change, the data set after standardization is between (0-1), and the data after standardization are with xi ,It indicates.
6, the estimation formulas Y of 52 week old egg numbers after conversion is establishedi=u1xi ,+u2ki, YiFor the conversion of 52 week old egg numbers
Value, the value represent this Individual egg production height, and numerical value is bigger, and to represent egg number higher.u1And u2It is corresponding coefficient, u1+u2=
1.User can voluntarily adjust according to the actual conditions of group, and to the size of later period egg number selection pressure.
7, according to the Y value after conversion, utilizer tying be of the whole family in, the selection methods such as composite index and BLUP to parent into
Row selects again, eliminates the offspring of non-middle choosing individual in standby chicken.
Using can be used for estimating the opposite height of each individual total egg production in the measurement group, it is quasi- to improve seed selection
Exactness improves egg number breeding and is in progress from generation to generation.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Somewhere egg strain A is selected, conventional nutrient level, environmental condition and feeding management measure are freely eaten, laying period
Single cage raising, improves the selection accuracy to egg number by following steps when subculture pure breeding, to improve the shape
It is in progress from generation to generation.
1, it is female 2000 young to choose the pedigree hatching of measurement local egg articles system, wears wing number, laying period single cage is raised, often
Trophic level, environmental condition, feeding management measure are advised, is freely eaten.
2, it opens production i.e. recording individual certainly to lay eggs daily situation, until 66 week old (to verify and comparing use), 43 week old of statistics
Individual accumulation egg number, 44 ~ 52 week old week laying rate, 66 week old egg numbers.
3, in statistics to 43 week old, according to Individual egg production at this time, hen individual is selected and remain using family combination family
Interior selection method carries out, cock individual referring to its full sibs sister the achievement of laying eggs that is averaged, from it is numerous when set up 78 cock familys
Number, 1 cock of each family set up family, breeding according to the principle in 3 generations between male and female chicken without inbreeding, receive with 15 hens
Collect 15 days hatching eggs, reserves seed for planting 1 batch.All hens reserved seed for planting continue to measure egg number, until 66 week old.
4, using 44 to 52 week old week of hen laying rate data, 52 week old survivings of cut-off are fitted with least square method
Laying rate equation y=kx+b of 1159 individual this periods.It shares 143 hen individuals and the case where k is greater than zero occurs, through core
After errorless, these individuals are eliminated first.
5, x is utilizedi ‘=(xi-xmin)/(xmax-xmin) formula to remaining 1016 individuals, 43 week old egg number carry out standard
Change, the data after standardization are with xi ,It indicates.
6, the estimation formulas Y of 52 week old egg numbers after conversion is establishedi=0.8xi ,+0.2ki, obtained using step 4 and 5
Value calculates this 1016 individual Y values, and utilizer tying is that interior back-and-forth method selects egg number of the whole family again, selects
600 parent individuals.According to the information of this 600 parents, eliminating in 4172 female young birds of hatching is selected in 600
The offspring of parent 1853 leaves 2319 female young birds and enters the measurement of next generation individual.Also non-middle choosing is eliminated with same method
The offspring of parent is public young.So far, this time successive propagation is completed.
Comparative example 1
1, counted this generation parental population before the selection 43 week old be averaged egg number be 123.7.According to traditional 43 weeks
One stage of age selection method then selects and remain 600 hen individuals in 43 week old and carries out pure breeding, it is named as P1.Through counting P1
43 week old be averaged egg number be 132.8, using this generation of this method egg number genetic changec amount be 1.82.Actually
The hen group actually reserved seed for planting using the step in embodiment 1 of selecting and remain of this generation is still 600, is named as P2.Through counting
43 week old of P2 be averaged egg number be 135.5, this generation realize genetic changec amount be 2.36.It can be seen that the heredity of the generation
Improvement is practical to be increased to 2.36 by 1.82, increases 0.54.
It 2, is verifying seed selection accuracy, generation egg number statistics is until 66 week old.Through counting, the standard of high yield individual in P1
True rate is 62.5%, and the high yield individual accuracy rate in the P2 group selected through embodiment 1 is improved to 70.7%, and accuracy rate improves
8.2%。
3, its 66 week old egg number is pushed away with the later period egg number fit equation of each individual is counter.It is each with reality through counting
Individual 66 week old egg numbers are compared, accuracy rate 65.1%.
Embodiment 2
Somewhere egg strain B is selected, conventional nutrient level, environmental condition and feeding management measure are freely eaten, laying period
Single cage raising, improves the selection accuracy to egg number by following steps when subculture pure breeding, to improve the character
It is in progress from generation to generation.
1, it is female 2500 young to choose the pedigree hatching of measurement local egg articles system, wears wing number, laying period single cage is raised, often
Trophic level, environmental condition, feeding management measure are advised, is freely eaten.
2, it opens production i.e. recording individual certainly to lay eggs daily situation, until 66 week old (to verify and comparing use), 43 week old of statistics
Individual accumulation egg number, 44 to 52 week old week laying rate, 66 week old egg numbers.
3, in statistics to 43 week old, according to Individual egg production, selecting and remain for hen individual is selected using in family combination family
Selection method carries out, cock individual referring to its full sibs sister the achievement of laying eggs that is averaged, from it is numerous when set up 65 cocks man coefficients, often
1 cock of a family matches 15 hens, sets up family, breeding according to the principle in 3 generations between male and female chicken without inbreeding, collects 20 days kinds
Egg is reserved seed for planting 2 batches altogether.All hens reserved seed for planting continue to measure egg number, until 66 week old.
4, using 44 to 52 week old week of hen laying rate data, 52 week old survivings of cut-off are fitted with least square method
Laying rate equation y=kx+b of 969 individual this periods.It shares 87 hen individuals and the case where k is greater than zero occurs, it is being checked
After errorless, these individuals are eliminated first.
5, x is utilizedi ‘=(xi-xmin)/(xmax-xmin) formula to remaining 882 individuals, 43 week old egg number carry out standard
Change.
6,52 week old egg number estimation formulas Y after conversion are establishedi=0.7xi ,+0.3ki, the value that is obtained using step 4 and 5
This 882 individual Y values are calculated, utilizer tying is that interior back-and-forth method selects egg number of the whole family again, selects 500
A parent individual.According to the information of this 500 parents, eliminating is not that parent is selected in 500 in 4015 hens of hatching
This offspring 1753 leave 2262 female young measurements for entering next generation.Also it is eliminated with same method and selects parent in non-
Offspring it is public young.So far, this time successive propagation is completed.
Comparative example 1
1, counted this generation parental population before the selection 43 week old be averaged egg number be 103.7.According to traditional single order
Section selection method is then to select and remain 500 hen individuals in 43 week old to carry out pure breeding, it is named as P1.Through count P1 43
Week old be averaged egg number be 113.3, using this method generation egg number genetic changec amount be 1.92.Actually this generation
The hen group actually reserved seed for planting using the step in embodiment 1 of selecting and remain in generation is still 500, is named as P2.Through statistics P2's
43 week old be averaged egg number be 115.7, this generation realize genetic changec amount be 2.4.It can be seen that the genetic changec of the generation
Amount is increased to 2.4 by 1.92, increases 0.48.
It 2, is verifying seed selection accuracy, generation egg number statistics is until 66 week old.Through counting, the standard of high yield individual in P1
True rate is 58.5%, and the high yield individual accuracy rate in the P2 selected through embodiment 1 is improved to 65.3%, and accuracy rate improves
6.8%。
3, its 66 week old egg number is pushed away with the later period egg number fit equation of each individual is counter.It is each with reality through counting
Individual 66 week old egg numbers are compared, accuracy rate 62.0%.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
The change or replacement expected without creative work, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of selection for improving local egg articles system egg number, which comprises the steps of:
1) it chooses and measures local egg articles system pedigree hatching hen, conventional nutrient level, environmental condition, feeding management measure,
It is freely eaten；
2) production i.e. recording individual is opened certainly to lay eggs daily situation, it is statistics 43 week old individuals accumulation egg number, 44 to 52 all until 52 week old
All laying rate；
3) when statistics is to 43 week old, according to Individual egg production achievement, utilizer tying as needed be of the whole family in, composite index or
The selection methods such as person BLUP select；Expand cock family's coefficient and hen is reserved seed for planting rate；By the original without inbreeding in 3 generations between male and female chicken
Then set up family, breeding.
2. selecting lot number of reserving seed for planting according to needs of reserving seed for planting.
3. the hen parent to reserve seed for planting continues egg number measurement, until 52 week old；
4) using 44 to 52 week old week laying rate data, the laying rate equation of each individual this period is fitted with least square method
Y=kx+b, wherein y is all laying rate, and x is week old, and k is coefficient, indicates laying rate downward trend (rule), and b is constant, each
Laying rate downward trend is different after individual 44 week old, with kiIt indicates, works as kiWhen there is the case where being greater than zero, it is being checked it is errorless after, it is first
First eliminate the individual；
5) x is utilizedi ‘=(xi-xmin)/(xmax-xmin) formula is standardized to each of selecting and remain individual 43 week old egg number, marks
Data set after standardization is between (0-1), and the data after standardization are with xi ,It indicates；
6) the estimation formulas Y of 52 week old egg numbers after conversion is establishedi=u1xi ,+u2ki, YiIt, should for 52 week old egg number conversion values
Value represents this Individual egg production height, and numerical value is bigger, and the egg number that represents is higher, u1And u2It is corresponding coefficient, u1+u2=1；
7) according to the Y value after conversion, utilizer tying is that the selection methods such as interior, composite index and BLUP carry out again parent of the whole family
The offspring of non-middle choosing individual in standby chicken is eliminated in secondary selection.
4. a kind of selection for improving local egg articles system egg number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that chicken
Selection number of elements select in the following way: choose and measure local pedigree hatching hen 2000, egg articles system or more, produce
Egg phase single cage raises 1600 or more.
5. a kind of selection for improving local egg articles system egg number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State in 3) step: expand cock family coefficient increase by 30% and hen reserve seed for planting rate increase by 50% principle carry out.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110570027A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-13 | 安庆永强农业科技股份有限公司 | Data analysis-based high-laying-rate muscovy duck breeding method |
| CN112956448A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-15 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Strain breeding method for improving early egg weight of local special laying hens |
| RU2792119C1 (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-03-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет имени И.Т. Трубилина" | Method for assessing the egg production of chickens |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Application publication date: 20190322 |