CN107251870B - Research method for growth and development rule of laying hens based on maximum egg yield - Google Patents
Research method for growth and development rule of laying hens based on maximum egg yield Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 63
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- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for researching the growth and development rule of laying hens based on the largest egg yield. The invention has the advantages that: according to the demonstration, the laying rate of the laying hens fed according to the growth rule of the laying hens obtained by the research method is effectively improved, the laying rate is averagely improved by nearly 6%, the economic benefit is greatly improved, and the method has important significance for improving the laying quality of the laying hens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laying hen production, and particularly relates to a method for researching the growth and development rule of laying hens based on the largest egg yield.
Background
Growth is the process by which the body accumulates substances through assimilation, increases the number of cells, and increases the volume of tissues and organs, thereby increasing the size and weight of an individual. Development is the development and transformation of growth, and when a certain cell divides to a certain stage or a certain number, it differentiates to produce a cell different from the original cell, and on the basis of this, new cells and tissues and organs are formed. Growth and development are complex physiological processes that are both interrelated and synergistic in the same life phenomenon.
The weight is the most important and easily measurable index for the growth and development of the laying hens and has the possibility of increasing, reducing and maintaining at any time. The change in body weight over time can form an infinite number of possible curves. What is needed is a weight growth curve (rule) that maximizes egg production for layer chickens. The shank length reflects the skeletal development degree, is easy to measure, and is an important index for monitoring the early body condition development of the laying hens.
The method is that daily ration with specific nutrient components is fed under certain feeding conditions, the weight and the feed consumption of the relevant week age are measured, and then the measured weight is used for fitting a relevant curve to obtain the growth and development rule of a certain chicken variety. The starting point of these studies is almost exclusively concerned with weight growth, and the methods of the studies do not evaluate the quality of growth and development based on the amount of egg production in an individual, nor do they produce a weight growth curve with the highest amount of egg production.
China is the first major producing country of laying hens in the world, and the feed quantity of the laying hens in 2015 is about 12.5 hundred million. The feeding amount of the commodity generation of the self-cultivated variety in China accounts for 50% of the total feeding amount, and more than 10 new varieties (matched lines) of the self-cultivated laying hens are provided. The research firstly provides a research method based on the growth and development rule of the laying hens with the largest egg yield, and the genetic potential of the breeds can be fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims at the commercial generation of laying hens, and aims to provide a method for researching the growth and development rule of the laying hens based on the largest egg yield, so that the genetic potential of the breeds can be fully exerted. In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a research method based on the growth and development rule of the layer with the largest egg yield is carried out according to the following steps:
1) selecting a plurality of commodity generation healthy mothers of the variety to be tested, wearing the wing numbers, weighing birth weight and recording corresponding wing numbers;
2) measuring the average material consumption of the population every week at the age of 1-18 weeks, measuring the body weight and the shin length of an individual at the end of every week, and recording the corresponding wing number; measuring individual material consumption every week at the age of 19-72 weeks; measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every two weeks at the age of 19-32 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number, and measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every four weeks at the age of 33-72 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number; and (4) determining the day age of the laying initiation, the weight of the laying initiation, the number of eggs laid in each week age and the average egg weight of each individual, and counting the egg yield of-72 weeks old of each individual.
3) And (4) sorting the egg production from high to low, and selecting and counting the average body weight, the average shin length and the average feed consumption of each determined week age of 20-30% of individuals with high egg production.
4) Taking the data obtained by statistics in the step 3) as a reference to obtain the relationship of the growth and development rule of the local chicken with the most egg number;
5) according to the results obtained in 4), the recommended feed amount is fed to the hen breeding breed to increase the body weight and the shin length according to the growth rule.
In the step 1), 1000 or more healthy female chicks of the variety to be tested are selected.
In the step 3), the selected individuals are the individuals with the egg laying number close to the top 20-30%.
The statistical method of the step 4) comprises the following steps: respectively making scatter diagrams by taking the week age as a horizontal coordinate and taking the average body weight and the average shin length of each week age counted in the step 3) as a vertical coordinate; supplementing the body weight of the non-measured week age by interpolation; connecting the points, smoothing the connecting lines, wherein the obtained weight curve is the weight growth rule of the determined variety based on the maximum egg yield, the obtained shin length curve is the shin length growth rule of the determined variety based on the maximum egg yield, and 3) the average material consumption of each week age obtained by statistics is the recommended material consumption of the determined variety.
During the laying period, a single cage of feed is adopted.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the demonstration, the laying rate of the laying hens fed according to the growth rule of the laying hens obtained by the research method is effectively improved, the laying rate is averagely improved by nearly 6%, the economic benefit is greatly improved, and the method has important significance for improving the laying quality of the laying hens.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are graphs of example 1.
Fig. 3 and 4 are graphs of comparative example 1.
Fig. 5 and 6 are graphs of example 2.
Fig. 7 and 8 are graphs of comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Selecting Su-fowl green-shell laying hens, carrying out conventional nutrition level, environmental conditions and feeding management measures, freely feeding, and feeding in a single cage in an egg producing period, and obtaining a growth and development rule curve of the variety based on the maximum egg yield through the following steps.
1. Selecting 1000 or more healthy mothers for the commercial generation, wearing the wing numbers, weighing the birth weight and recording the corresponding wing numbers.
2. Measuring the average material consumption of the population every week at the age of 1-18 weeks, measuring the body weight and the shank length of each individual at the end of each week, and recording the corresponding wing number; measuring the material consumption of each individual body every week at the age of 19-72 weeks; measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every two weeks at the age of 19-32 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number, and measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every four weeks at the age of 33-72 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number; and (4) determining the day age of the laying initiation, the weight of the laying initiation, the number of eggs laid in each week age and the average egg weight of each individual, and counting the egg yield of-72 weeks old of each individual.
3. And (3) selecting 200-300 individuals with more egg production according to the sequence from high egg production to low egg production, and calculating the average weight, average shin length and average feed consumption of the individuals in each determined week age.
4. Taking the week age as a horizontal coordinate, and taking the average body weight and the average shin length of each week age counted in the step (3) as a vertical coordinate to respectively make a scatter diagram; supplementing the body weight of the non-measured week age by interpolation; connecting the points, and smoothing the connecting lines to obtain a weight curve which is the weight growth rule with the largest egg yield of the Su-avian green-shell laying hens and a shin length curve which is the shin length growth rule with the largest egg yield of the Su-avian green-shell laying hens, as shown in figure 1. The weekly age is used as the abscissa and the weekly average laying rate is used as the ordinate, and the weekly laying rate curve of the commercial generation hens of the Su-avian laying hens with high egg production is obtained, as shown in figure 2. (3) The feed consumption of each week obtained by statistics in the method is the recommended feed consumption of the commercial hens of the Su-fowl green-shell laying hens.
5. The application comprises the following steps: the key week-old body weight and corresponding feeding amount recommendation standard of the variety are as follows: 6. the weight of the 18-week-old chicken is 305-313 g and 1130-1152 g respectively, the average daily material consumption is 41.2-42.5 g and 78.6-80.3 g respectively, and the length of the 13-week-old chicken leg is 7.5-7.6 cm. According to the recommended feeding amount and weight standard in the feeding of Su-fowl green-shell layer chickens, various measures are taken to increase the weight and the shin length according to the growth rule and improve the egg laying performance.
Comparative example 1
1. Selecting 2000 commercial laying hens, namely the Su fowl green shell laying hens, from the same batch of breeding hens, randomly and evenly dividing the commercial laying hens into a group 1 and a group 2, wearing wing numbers, weighing birth weights and recording corresponding wing numbers.
2. Individuals of the two groups are raised under the same raising environmental conditions, management measures and nutrition levels, and the group 1 performs growth and development control by adopting a feeding amount standard according to the standard curve of the growth rule of the Su-avian laying hens with the largest egg production based on the example 1 in the raising process; group 2 adopted free feeding.
3. Data were collected as in example 1.
4. Growth and development rule curves of two groups of group 1 and group 2 were obtained according to the method of example 1, as shown in FIG. 3; the weekly laying rate profiles of both groups 1 and 2 are shown in figure 4.
5. As can be seen from fig. 3, through the application of the growth rule curve based on the maximum egg yield, the key week-old body weight and the corresponding feeding amount standard obtained in example 1, the feed intake of the group 1 Su avian Green shell laying hen commercial hen group reaches the standard, the early growth and development are more sufficient, the body weights of 6 and 18 weeks old are respectively increased from 291.8 g to 308.1 g and 1020.9 g to 1080.9 g, and the increase ranges are 5.6% and 5.9% respectively, compared with those of the group 2 (group without growth and development control); the weight of the later 72 weeks old is increased from 1433.8 g to 1513.6 g, which is increased by 5.6%; the length of the 13-week-old shin is increased from 7.35 cm to 7.38 cm, and is increased by 0.03 cm.
6. As can be seen from the figure 4, through the application of the results of the example 1, the egg laying performance genetic potential of the group 1 Su-avian green-shell laying hen commercial generation hen population is greatly exerted, the average egg laying number of 72-week-old eggs is increased from 230.4 to 245.3 and is increased by 6.1% compared with that of the group 2 (population without growth and development control), the average weight of the eggs in the whole period is increased from 44.8 g to 44.9 g, and the total egg production is increased by 6.7%.
Example 2
The production method comprises the steps of selecting the Hailan brown laying hens, carrying out conventional nutrition level, environmental conditions and feeding management measures, carrying out free feeding and carrying out single-cage feeding in the egg laying period, and obtaining a growth and development rule curve of the variety based on the maximum egg yield through the following steps.
1. Selecting 1000 or more healthy mothers for the commercial generation, wearing the wing numbers, weighing the birth weight and recording the corresponding wing numbers.
2. Measuring the average material consumption of the population every week at the age of 1-18 weeks, measuring the body weight and the shank length of each individual at the end of each week, and recording the corresponding wing number; measuring the material consumption of each individual body every week at the age of 19-72 weeks; measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every two weeks at the age of 19-32 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number, and measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every four weeks at the age of 33-72 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number; and (4) determining the day age of the laying initiation, the weight of the laying initiation, the number of eggs laid in each week age and the average egg weight of each individual, and counting the egg yield of-72 weeks old of each individual.
3. And (3) selecting 200-300 individuals with more egg production according to the sequence from high egg production to low egg production, and calculating the average weight, average shin length and average feed consumption of the individuals in each determined week age.
4. Taking the week age as a horizontal coordinate, and taking the average body weight and the average shin length of each week age counted in the step (3) as a vertical coordinate to respectively make a scatter diagram; supplementing the body weight of the non-measured week age by interpolation; the points are connected in a line, and the connecting line is smoothed, so that the obtained weight curve is the weight growth rule with the largest egg yield of the Hailan brown laying hens, and the obtained shank length curve is the shank length growth rule with the largest egg yield of the Hailan brown laying hens, as shown in figure 5. The week-old is used as the abscissa and the weekly average laying rate is used as the ordinate, and the obtained curve of the egg laying rate in the week of the commercial generation hens of the Hailan brown laying hens with high egg yield is shown in FIG. 6. (3) The feed consumption of each week obtained by statistics in the step (1) is the recommended feed consumption of the commercial hen of the Hailan brown laying hens.
5. The application comprises the following steps: the key week-old body weight and corresponding feeding amount recommendation standard of the variety are as follows: 1390-1410 g of body weight at 17 weeks, 26.5-28.5 g of average daily consumptions at 4, 17 and 24 weeks, 75.6-77.1 g and 101.9-104.5 g of average daily consumptions at 4, 17 and 24 weeks, and 7.6-7.7 cm of shank length at 13 weeks. According to the recommended feed amount and weight standard of feeding in the feeding of the Hailan brown laying hens, various measures are taken to increase the weight and the shank length according to the growth rule and improve the egg laying performance.
Comparative example 2
1. Selecting 2000 commercial Hailan brown laying hens from the same batch of breeding hens to replace the female chicks, randomly and evenly dividing the commercial Hailan brown laying hens into a group 3 and a group 4, wearing wing numbers, weighing birth weights and recording corresponding wing numbers.
2. Individuals of the two groups are fed under the same feeding environmental conditions, management measures and nutrition levels, and the group 3 performs growth and development control by adopting a feeding amount standard according to the standard curve of the growth rule of the Hailanhua laying hens with the largest egg yield obtained in the example 2 in the feeding process; group 4 adopted free feeding.
3. Data were collected as in example 2.
4. Growth and development rule curves of two groups, group 3 and group 4, were obtained according to the method of example 2, as shown in fig. 7; the weekly laying rate profiles of both groups 3 and 4 are shown in figure 8.
5. As can be seen from fig. 7, through the application of the growth rule curve based on the maximum egg yield and the key growth inflection point weight and feeding amount standard obtained in example 2, the feed intake of the group 3 commercial Hailan brown laying hen group reaches the standard, the growth before 17 weeks is more sufficient, the weight of the group at the key growth point of 17 weeks is increased from 1373.1 g to 1450.8 g compared with the group 4 (group without growth standard control), and the increase is 5.7%; the length of the 13-week-old shin is increased from 7.52 cm to 7.55 cm, and is increased by 0.03 cm.
6. As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 8, through the application of the results of example 2, the egg laying performance genetic potential of the group 3 commercial generation hens of the Hailan brown laying hens is greatly exerted, the average egg laying number of 72-week-old eggs is increased from 307.2 to 324.3 and is increased by 5.6% compared with that of the group 4 (the group without the control of growth and development standards), the average weight of the eggs in the whole period is increased from 62.2 g to 62.4 g, and the total egg production is increased by 5.9%.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A research method based on the growth and development rule of the layer with the largest egg yield is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a plurality of commodity generation healthy mothers of the variety to be tested, wearing the wing numbers, weighing birth weight and recording corresponding wing numbers;
2) measuring the average material consumption of the population every week at the age of 1-18 weeks, measuring the body weight and the shin length of an individual at the end of every week, and recording the corresponding wing number; measuring individual material consumption every week at the age of 19-72 weeks; measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every two weeks at the age of 19-32 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number, and measuring the weight of each individual at the end of every four weeks at the age of 33-72 weeks and recording the corresponding wing number; determining the day age of each individual to be laid, the weight of eggs laid, the weight of laid eggs, the number of eggs laid in each week age and the average egg weight, and counting the egg yield of-72 weeks old of each individual;
3) sorting according to the egg production from high to low, selecting and counting the average body weight, average shin length and average feed consumption of each determination week of 20-30% of individuals with more egg production;
4) taking the data obtained by statistics in the step 3) as a reference to obtain the relationship of the growth and development rule of the laying hens with the largest egg number;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: respectively making scatter diagrams by taking the week age as a horizontal coordinate and taking the average body weight and the average shin length of each week age counted in the step 3) as a vertical coordinate; supplementing the body weight of the non-measured week age by interpolation; connecting the points, and smoothing the connecting lines to obtain a weight curve, namely a weight growth rule of the determined variety based on the maximum egg yield, and a shin length curve, namely a shin length growth rule of the determined variety based on the maximum egg yield;
5) according to the result obtained in step 4), feeding recommended feed amount in the hen feeding of the determined variety, wherein the average feed consumption of each week age statistically obtained in step 3) is the recommended feed consumption of the determined variety, so that the weight and the shin length of the determined variety increase according to the growth rule.
2. The method for studying the growth and development law of laying hens capable of producing the largest amount of eggs according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), 1000 or more healthy hens of the variety to be tested are selected.
3. The method for studying the growth and development law of laying hens that produce the most eggs according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the selected individuals are the individuals with the top 20-30% of the eggs.
4. The method for studying the growth and development law of the laying hens capable of producing the largest amount of eggs according to claim 1, wherein the laying hens are fed in a single cage during the egg production period.
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| CN108207790B (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2021-06-15 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Method for improving egg laying performance of breeding hens |
| CN109242146A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-18 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of performance in layers time series predicting model based on extreme learning machine |
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