CN107251870B - Research method for growth and development rule of laying hens based on maximum egg yield - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for researching the growth and development rule of laying hens based on the largest egg yield. The invention has the advantages that: according to the demonstration, the laying rate of the laying hens fed according to the growth rule of the laying hens obtained by the research method is effectively improved, the laying rate is averagely improved by nearly 6%, the economic benefit is greatly improved, and the method has important significance for improving the laying quality of the laying hens.

Description

A research method based on the growth and development law of laying hens with the most egg production

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laying hen production, and in particular relates to a research method based on the growth and development law of laying hens with the largest egg production.

Background technique

Growth is a process in which the body accumulates substances, increases the number of cells, and increases the volume of tissues and organs through assimilation, thereby increasing the body size and weight of the individual. Development is the development and transformation of growth. When a certain cell divides to a certain stage or a certain number, it differentiates and produces cells that are different from the original cells, and on this basis, new cells and tissues and organs are formed. Growth and development are complex physiological processes that are both interrelated and mutually reinforcing in the same life phenomenon.

Body weight is the most important and easily measurable indicator of the growth and development of laying hens, and it is possible to increase, decrease and maintain at any time. Changes in body weight over time can form an infinite number of possible curves. As a laying hen, what we need is the type of body weight growth curve (regularity) that maximizes egg production. The shin length reflects the degree of skeletal development and is easy to measure. It is an important indicator for monitoring the early body condition development of laying hens.

Animal husbandry and veterinary workers have studied the growth and development laws of laying hens. The method is to feed diets with specific nutrients under certain feeding conditions, measure the body weight and feed consumption at the relevant age, and then use the measured body weight to fit the relevant factors. Curve to get the growth and development law of a chicken breed. The starting point of these studies is almost exclusively concerned with body weight growth. The research method does not evaluate the pros and cons of growth and development based on the amount of individual egg production, nor does it obtain the body weight growth curve with the highest egg production.

my country is the world's largest producer of laying hens. In 2015, the number of laying hens was about 1.25 billion. my country's self-cultivated varieties of commercial generations account for 50% of the total breeding volume, and there are more than 10 new varieties of laying hens (supporting lines) that are independently cultivated. In this study, for the first time, a research method based on the growth and development of laying hens with the most egg production was proposed, which can fully exert the genetic potential of chicken breeds.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is mainly aimed at the commercial generation of laying hens, and the purpose of the invention is to provide a research method based on the growth and development law of laying hens with the largest egg production, so that the genetic potential of chicken breeds can be fully exerted. To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A research method based on the growth and development law of laying hens with the most egg production, according to the following steps:

1) Select a number of healthy female chicks of the tested varieties, wear the wing number, call the birth weight and record the corresponding wing number;

2) Measure the average feed consumption of the group every week at 1-18 weeks of age, measure individual body weight and shank length at the end of each week and record the corresponding wing number; 19-72 weeks of age measure individual feed consumption every week; 19-32 weeks of age Measure the individual body weight every two weekends and record the corresponding wing number, 33-72 weeks old, measure the individual body weight and record the corresponding wing number every four weekends; The number of eggs, the average egg weight, and the egg production of each individual from the start of production to 72 weeks of age were counted.

3) According to the order of egg production from high to low, select and count the average body weight, average shank length and average feed consumption of 20-30% of the individuals with more egg production.

4) Based on the statistical data obtained in step 3), the relationship between the growth and development of chickens in the place with the largest number of eggs is obtained;

5) According to the results obtained in 4), feed the recommended feed amount in the breeding of the hens of the tested breeds, so that their body weight and shank length increase according to the growth law.

In the step 1), 1000 or more healthy mother chicks of the tested variety are selected.

In the step 3), the selected individuals are the individuals with the top 20-30% egg production.

The statistical method described in 4) is as follows: take the week age as the abscissa, and take the average body weight and average tibia length of each week age obtained by step 3) statistics as the ordinate to make a scatter plot respectively; Body weight; connect each point and smooth the line, the obtained body weight curve is the body weight growth law of the measured variety based on the most egg production, and the obtained shank length curve is the measured breed based on the most egg production. The growth of the shank length The average feed consumption of each week age obtained by statistics in 3) is the recommended feed consumption of the tested variety.

Single-cage feed was used during egg laying.

The advantages of the invention are: after demonstration, feeding according to the growth law of laying hens obtained by the above research method, the egg production rate is effectively improved, the average egg production rate is increased by nearly 6%, and the economic benefit is greatly improved. It is of great significance to improve the quality of eggs produced by chickens.

Description of drawings

1 and 2 are coordinate diagrams of the first embodiment.

3 and 4 are coordinate diagrams of Comparative Example 1.

5 and 6 are coordinate diagrams of the second embodiment.

7 and 8 are the graphs of the comparative example 2.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Suqin green-shelled laying hens were selected, with conventional nutrient levels, environmental conditions and feeding and management measures, ad libitum, and single-cage feeding during the laying period.

1. Select 1,000 or more healthy female chicks from the commercial generation, wear the wing number, call the birth weight and record the corresponding wing number.

2. Measure the average feed consumption of the group every week at 1-18 weeks of age, measure the body weight and shank length of each individual at the end of each week and record the corresponding wing number; 19-72 weeks of age measure the weekly feed consumption of each individual; 19-32 The body weight of each individual was measured every two weekends and the corresponding wing number was recorded, and the body weight of each individual was measured and the corresponding wing number was recorded every four weekends from 33 to 72 weeks old; The number of eggs laid at each age, average egg weight, and the number of eggs laid by each individual from the start of laying to 72 weeks of age were counted.

3. Sort the eggs from high to low, select 200-300 individuals with more egg production, and calculate the average body weight, average shank length and average feed consumption of these individuals at each measured age.

4. Take the age of weeks as the abscissa, and take the average body weight and average shin length of each week obtained in step (3) as the ordinate to make a scatter plot respectively; use interpolation to supplement the weight of the unmeasured age; connect each point to The obtained body weight curve is the body weight growth law of Suqin green-shell hens with the most egg production, and the obtained shank length curve is the shank length growth of Suqin green-shell hens with the most egg production rules, as shown in Figure 1. Taking the age of the week as the abscissa, and the average weekly egg production rate as the ordinate, the weekly egg production rate curve of the commercial generation hens of Suqin green-shell laying hens with high egg production is obtained, as shown in Figure 2. (3) The feed consumption of each week age obtained by statistics is the recommended feed consumption of commercial generation hens of Suqin green shell laying hens.

5. Application: The recommended standard of weight at the key weeks of age and the corresponding feeding amount of this breed: 6 and 18 weeks of age are 305-313 grams, 1130-1152 grams, and the average daily feed consumption is 41.2-42.5, 78.6-80.3 grams, respectively. At 13 weeks of age, the tibia is 7.5 to 7.6 cm long. Referring to the recommended feeding amount and body weight standards in the breeding of Suqin green-shell hens, various measures are taken to increase the body weight and shank length according to the growth law and improve the egg-laying performance.

Comparative Example 1

1. Select 2,000 commercial surrogate hens of Suqin green-shelled laying hens from the same batch of breeders, randomly and equally divide them into group 1 and group 2, wear wing numbers, call their birth weights, and record the corresponding wing numbers.

2. The individuals of the two groups are raised under the same environmental conditions for raising, management measures and nutrient levels, and group 1 obtains with reference to Example 1 in the raising process based on the standard curve of the growth law of the green-shelled hens with the most egg production, Growth and development were controlled by feeding standard; group 2 was fed ad libitum.

3. Collect data according to the method in Example 1.

4. According to the method in Example 1, the growth and development law curves of the two groups of group 1 and group 2 were obtained respectively, as shown in Figure 3; the weekly egg production rate curve of the two groups of groups 1 and 2, as shown in Figure 4. Show.

5. As can be seen from Fig. 3, through the application of the growth law curve based on the most egg production and the key age weight and the corresponding feeding amount standard obtained in Example 1, group 1 Suqin green shell commercial chicken hen groups were collected. The food intake reached the standard, and the growth and development in the early stage were more sufficient. Compared with group 2 (the group without growth and development control), the weight at 6 and 18 weeks increased from 291.8 grams to 308.1 grams and 1020.9 grams to 1080.9 grams respectively, and the increase rates were 5.6% and 5.9%; the weight of the late 72-week-old increased from 1433.8 g to 1513.6 g, an increase of 5.6%; the 13-week-old shin length increased from 7.35 cm to 7.38 cm, an increase of 0.03 cm.

6. As can be seen from Figure 4, through the application of the results of Example 1, the genetic potential of the egg-laying performance of the commercial generation hen population of Suqin green-shell hens in group 1 has been greatly exerted, which is better than that in group 2 (the group without growth and development control). The average number of eggs laid at 72 weeks of age increased from 230.4 to 245.3, an increase of 6.1%, the average egg weight throughout the period increased from 44.8 grams to 44.9 grams, and the total egg production increased by 6.7%.

Example 2

Hyland brown laying hens were selected, with conventional nutritional level, environmental conditions and feeding and management measures, ad libitum, and single-cage feeding during the laying period.

1. Select 1,000 or more healthy female chicks from the commercial generation, wear the wing number, call the birth weight and record the corresponding wing number.

2. Measure the average feed consumption of the group every week at 1-18 weeks of age, measure the body weight and shank length of each individual at the end of each week and record the corresponding wing number; 19-72 weeks of age measure the weekly feed consumption of each individual; 19-32 The body weight of each individual was measured every two weekends and the corresponding wing number was recorded, and the body weight of each individual was measured and the corresponding wing number was recorded every four weekends from 33 to 72 weeks old; The number of eggs laid at each age, average egg weight, and the number of eggs laid by each individual from the start of laying to 72 weeks of age were counted.

3. Sort the eggs from high to low, select 200-300 individuals with more egg production, and calculate the average body weight, average shank length and average feed consumption of these individuals at each measured age.

4. Take the age of weeks as the abscissa, and take the average body weight and average shin length of each week obtained in step (3) as the ordinate to make a scatter plot respectively; use interpolation to supplement the weight of the unmeasured age; connect each point to The obtained body weight curve is the body weight growth law of Hylan brown laying hens with the most egg production, and the obtained shank length curve is the growth law of the shank length of Hailan brown laying hens with the largest egg production. As shown in Figure 5. Taking the age of the week as the abscissa and the average weekly egg production rate as the ordinate, the weekly egg production rate curve of the commercial generation hens of Hylan brown laying hens with high egg production is obtained, as shown in Figure 6. (3) The feed consumption of each week age obtained by statistics is the recommended feed consumption of commercial generation hens of Hailan brown laying hens.

5. Application: The recommended standard of weight at key weeks of age and corresponding feeding amount of this breed: 17-week-old body weight is 1390-1410 grams, 4-week-old, 17-week-old and 24-week-old average daily feed consumption is 26.5-28.5, 75.6-77.1, 101.9 ～104.5 g, 13-week-old shin length is 7.6-7.7 cm. Referring to the recommended feeding amount and body weight standard in the breeding of Hailan brown laying hens, various measures are taken to increase the body weight and shank length according to the growth law and improve the egg-laying performance.

Comparative Example 2

1. Select 2,000 commercial surrogate hens from the same batch of breeders, and divide them into groups 3 and 4 randomly and equally. They wear wing numbers, call their birth weights, and record the corresponding wing numbers.

2. The individuals of the two groups are raised under the same environmental conditions for raising, management measures and nutritional levels, and the standard curve of the growth law of Hylan brown laying hens based on the maximum egg production that group 3 obtains with reference to Example 2 in the raising process, adopts Growth and development were controlled by feeding standard; group 4 was fed ad libitum.

3. Collect data according to the method in Example 2.

4. According to the method in Example 2, the growth and development law curves of the two groups of group 3 and group 4 were obtained respectively, as shown in Figure 7; the weekly egg production rate curve of the two groups of group 3 and group 4, as shown in Figure 8. Show.

5. As can be seen from Figure 7, through the application of the growth law curve based on the most egg production and the key growth inflection point body weight and the feed rate standard obtained in Example 2, group 3 Hylan brown laying hens commercial chicken hen group feed intake Up to the standard, the growth and development before 17 weeks were more sufficient, compared with group 4 (group without growth and development standard control), the weight of the key growth point at 17 weeks increased from 1373.1 grams to 1450.8 grams, an increase of 5.7%; 13 weeks old tibia The length has been increased from 7.52 cm to 7.55 cm, an increase of 0.03 cm.

6. As can be seen from Figure 8, through the application of the results of Example 2, the genetic potential of the egg-laying performance of the commercial generation hen population of group 3 Hailan brown laying hens has been greatly exerted, compared with group 4 (the group that has not been controlled by growth and development standards) The average number of eggs laid at 72 weeks of age increased from 307.2 to 324.3, an increase of 5.6%, the average egg weight in the whole period increased from 62.2 grams to 62.4 grams, and the total egg production increased by 5.9%.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and any changes or substitutions that are not conceived of without creative work should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a research method based on the law of growth and development of laying hens with the most egg production, is characterized in that, carry out according to the following steps: 1) Select a number of healthy female chicks of the tested varieties, wear the wing number, call the birth weight and record the corresponding wing number; 2) Measure the average feed consumption of the group every week at 1-18 weeks of age, measure individual body weight and shank length at the end of each week and record the corresponding wing number; 19-72 weeks of age measure individual feed consumption every week; 19-32 weeks of age Measure the individual body weight every two weekends and record the corresponding wing number, 33-72 weeks old, measure the individual body weight and record the corresponding wing number every four weekends; Number of eggs, average egg weight, statistics of egg production of each individual from the start of production to 72 weeks of age; 3) Sort by the egg production from high to low, select and count the average body weight, average shank length and average feed consumption of the 20-30% individuals with more egg production at each measured age; 4) Based on the statistics obtained in step 3), the relationship between the growth and development laws of the laying hens with the largest number of eggs is obtained; Specifically: take the age of weeks as the abscissa, and take the average body weight and average shin length of each week obtained in step 3) as the ordinate to make a scatter plot respectively; use interpolation to supplement the weight of the unmeasured age; Connect the line, and smooth the line, the obtained body weight curve is the body weight growth law of the measured variety based on the most egg production, and the obtained shank length curve is the measured variety based on the most egg production. The growth law of the shank length; 5) According to the results obtained in 4), the recommended feed amount is fed in the breeding of the hens of the tested breed. The average feed consumption of each week age obtained by statistics in step 3) is the recommended feed consumption of the tested breed, so that its body weight, The tibia grows according to the law of growth. 2. A research method based on the growth and development law of laying hens with the most egg production according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step 1), 1,000 or more healthy hens of the measured variety are selected. 3. A kind of research method based on the growth and development law of laying hens with the most egg production according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the described 3) step, the selected individual is the top 20-30 in egg production. % of individuals. 4. a kind of research method based on the growth and development law of laying hens with the most egg production according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts single cage to raise during egg laying.

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