CN109477457A - 用于设立风能设备的方法和用于安装风能设备的转子叶片的升降梁 - Google Patents

用于设立风能设备的方法和用于安装风能设备的转子叶片的升降梁 Download PDF

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CN109477457A
CN109477457A CN201780038409.4A CN201780038409A CN109477457A CN 109477457 A CN109477457 A CN 109477457A CN 201780038409 A CN201780038409 A CN 201780038409A CN 109477457 A CN109477457 A CN 109477457A
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rotor blade
wind energy
energy plant
lift beam
rotor
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弗兰克·克诺普
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Wobben Properties GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/108—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for lifting parts of wind turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B66C1/34—Crane hooks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/20—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures
    • B66C23/207—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures with supporting couples provided by wind turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05B2230/61—Assembly methods using auxiliary equipment for lifting or holding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明借此提出一种用于设立风能设备(100)的方法，所述风能设备具有气动的转子(110)，所述气动的转子具有转子叶片连接件(111)。将升降梁(300)连同压载单元(300)固定在起重机(400)的起重钩(410)上。将转子叶片(200)借助于升降绳(360)固定在压载单元(300)的下侧上的第二起重钩(340)上。将升降梁(300)和转子叶片(200)通过起重机(400)升高，以将转子叶片(200)安装到转子叶片连接件(111)上。

Description

用于设立风能设备的方法和用于安装风能设备的转子叶片的 升降梁
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于设立风能设备的方法以及一种用于安装风能设备的转子叶片的升降梁。
背景技术
在安装风能设备的转子叶片时，转子叶片不受保护地承受天气条件。根据EN13000，风能设备的转子叶片的安装仅在小于特定的风速的情况下是允许的。如果所述风速被超过，那么不能安装转子叶片。
在基于优先权的德国专利申请中，德国专利商标局检索到如下文件：2014年的Ematec公司的转子叶片梁的商品说明册。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提出一种用于设立风能设备的方法，该方法即使在风速较大时也能够进行。
所述目的通过根据权利要求1所述的用于设立风能设备的方法以及通过根据权利要求4所述的升降梁来实现。
因此，提出一种用于设立风能设备的方法，所述风能设备具有气动的转子，所述气动的转子具有转子叶片连接件。升降梁具有压载单元并且被固定在起重机的起重钩上。将转子叶片借助于升降绳固定在压载单元的下侧上的第二起重钩上。将升降梁和转子叶片通过起重机升高，以将转子叶片安装到转子叶片连接件之一上。压载单元用于提高升降梁的总重量，从而即使在风速大的情况下也能够安装转子叶片。
根据本发明的一个方面，压载单元具有至少一个压载配重，并且压载配重选择为，使得转子叶片的面积与压载配重和转子叶片的重量之和之间的比值≤1。
根据本发明的一个方面，在风能设备的转子上设有绞盘单元。要安装的转子叶片的转子叶片根部固定在绞盘单元的钩上。转子叶片借助于绞盘单元和起重机升高。
本发明同样涉及一种用于安装风能设备的转子叶片的升降梁。升降梁具有压载单元和至少一个用于在压载单元的上侧上容纳起重钩的悬挂点。此外，升降梁具有在压载单元的下侧上的钩和压载配重。
根据本发明的一个方面，风能设备的转子叶片经由升降梁固定到起重钩上，以便随后紧接着拉高转子叶片。升降梁具有压载单元，所述压载单元具有至少一个压载配重。在安装转子叶片时将压载配重使用在升降梁中用于：提高总重量(转子叶片+梁)。要通过起重机运输的重量的提高首先表现为不利的，然而具有如下优点：由此提高了在转子叶片的面积与转子叶片的负载之间的比值。
用于计算在安装转子叶片时最大允许的风速的公式取决于所使用的移动起重机并且根据EN13000标准来确定。尤其，要安装的构件的面积与构件的负载的比值是非常重要的。在最大允许的风速下，面积与负载的比值不能大于1。然而，在风能设备的现代的转子叶片中，所述比值能够明显大于1。
本发明的其它设计方案是从属权利要求的主题。
下面，参照附图详细阐述本发明的优点和实施例。
附图说明
图1示出根据本发明的风能设备的示意图；
图2示出根据本发明的第一实施例的在安装转子叶片时的风能设备的示意图；
图3示出根据本发明的升降梁的示意图；以及
图4示出根据本发明的第二实施例的风能设备的一部分的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出风能设备的示意图。图1示出风能设备100，所述风能设备具有塔102和吊舱104。在吊舱104上设置有转子106，所述转子具有三个转子叶片200和导流罩110。转子106在运行中由风置于转动运动中进而驱动在吊舱104中的发电机。
图2示出根据本发明的一个实施例的在安装转子叶片时的风能设备的示意图。风能设备100具有塔102、吊舱104和导流罩110。在导流罩上设有转子叶片连接件111。转子叶片200具有转子叶片根部210和转子叶片尖部220。借助于起重机400和第一钩(起重钩)410，具有第二钩340的升降梁300将转子叶片200升高，以便转子叶片200固定在风能设备100的导流罩110上。起重钩410与升降梁300耦合，所述升降梁具有第二起重钩340，经由所述第二起重钩借助于升降绳360升高转子叶片200。因此，起重机400必须升高转子叶片200以及压载单元或升降梁300。
根据本发明，使用具有压载单元300的升降梁，以便提高要由起重机400提升的重量。本发明基于如下想法：通过提高要由起重机400升高的重量还降低了要安装的构件(在此转子叶片)的面积与构件的重量之间的比值，其中要提升的重量通过压载单元300的负载配重提高。因此能够确保，即使在风速较高的情况下也能够安装转子叶片。
图3示出根据本发明的升降梁的示意图。升降梁300在其上侧上具有至少一个、优选两个悬挂点310，借助于所述悬挂点将升降梁固定在起重钩410上。可选地，升降梁300能够具有用于容纳压载配重330的框架320。在升降梁300的下侧上设有第二起重钩340，在所述第二起重钩上能够固定用于转子叶片200的升降绳360。所述第二起重钩340能够可转动地构成。在框架320上能够设有用于引导绳的止挡点321。根据本发明的一个方面能够设有固紧单元350，所述固紧单元将压载配重330在已安装的状态中固紧。
压载配重330能够固定在框架之内。
根据本发明的一个方面能够设有存放可能性或存放单元322，借助于所述存放可能性或存放单元即使在第二起重钩340已安装的情况下也能够将横梁存放到地面上。
下面阐述用于提升转子叶片的允许的风速的计算：
对用于提升转子叶片的允许风速的和通过使用具有安装起重机的压载配重的附加的梁而引起的质量提高的计算如下进行：
图4示出根据本发明的第二实施例的风能设备的一部分的示意图。在图4中，风能设备100的导流罩110与绞盘单元500一起示出。绞盘单元500能够固定在导流罩110上并且具有框架510、绞盘520以及两个导向辊531、532。此外，绞盘单元500具有钩540。在所述钩540上，要安装的转子叶片200的转子叶片根部210能够例如借助于绳套550固定。起重机连同其起重钩410能够提升根据第一实施例的升降梁300，所述升降梁还经由升降绳与转子叶片200和尤其拾取点(Anpickpunkt)201连接。因此，借助于起重机和绞盘单元500提升转子叶片200。这是有利的，因为从而能够弃用具有绳索绞盘的引导装置。这尤其证实为是对于森林所在地有利的。
对用于提升转子叶片的允许风速和通过使用具有安装起重机的压载配重所引起的附加的梁的质量提高的计算以及对在辅助设备和安装起重机之间的负载分配的考虑如下进行：
根据本发明，通过在安装转子叶片时的升降梁的辅助能够明显地提升允许的最大速度。通过使用具有压载单元的升降梁能够将最大允许的风速从4.4m2提升至7.2m2。如果使用根据本发明的一个方面的绞盘单元，那么允许的风速能够提升至8.5m/s。这尤其是有利的，因为由此即使在风速较高的情况下也能够安装转子叶片。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于设立风能设备(100)的方法，所述风能设备具有气动的转子(110)，所述气动的转子具有转子叶片连接件(111)，所述方法具有如下步骤：
将压载单元(300)固定在升降梁(300)上；
将所述升降梁(300)连同所述压载单元(300)固定在起重机(400)的起重钩(410)上；
将转子叶片(200)借助于升降绳(360)固定在所述压载单元(300)的下侧上的第二起重钩(340)上；以及
将所述升降梁(300)连同所述压载单元和所述转子叶片(200)通过所述起重机(400)升高，以将所述转子叶片(200)安装到所述转子叶片连接件(111)之一上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中
所述压载单元(300)具有至少一个压载配重(330)并且所述压载配重选择为，使得所述转子叶片(200)的面积与所述压载配重(330)和所述转子叶片(200)的重量之和之间的比值≤1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，所述方法还具有如下步骤：
将绞盘单元(500)设置在所述风能设备(100)的所述转子(110)上；
将要安装的所述转子叶片(200)的转子叶片根部(210)固定在所述绞盘单元(500)的钩(540)上；以及
将所述转子叶片(200)借助于所述绞盘单元(500)和所述起重机(400)升高。
4.一种用于安装风能设备(100)的转子叶片(200)的升降梁(300)，所述升降梁具有
压载单元(300)，所述压载单元具有：至少一个用于在所述压载单元(300)的上侧上容纳起重钩(410)的悬挂点(310)、在所述压载单元(300)的下侧上的钩(340)和压载配重(330)。
CN201780038409.4A 2016-06-23 2017-06-19 用于设立风能设备的方法和用于安装风能设备的转子叶片的升降梁 Pending CN109477457A (zh)

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DE102016111514.2 2016-06-23
DE102016111514.2A DE102016111514A1 (de) 2016-06-23 2016-06-23 Verfahren zum Errichten einer Windenergieanlage und Hebetraverse zur Montage eines Rotorblatts einer Windenergieanlage
PCT/EP2017/064869 WO2017220459A1 (de) 2016-06-23 2017-06-19 Verfahren zum errichten einer windenergieanlage und hebetraverse zur montage eines rotorblatts einer windenergieanlage

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US11268490B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2022-03-08 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method and an assembly for handling wind turbine blades
DE102019106969A1 (de) * 2019-03-19 2020-09-24 Wobben Properties Gmbh Verfahren zur Montage von Rotorblättern einer Windenergieanlage
US12037979B2 (en) 2019-06-11 2024-07-16 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method for handling a wind turbine component and associated lifting system

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CA3024915A1 (en) 2017-12-28
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BR112018072270A2 (pt) 2019-02-12
US10823149B2 (en) 2020-11-03
US20190309730A1 (en) 2019-10-10
KR102171624B1 (ko) 2020-10-29
RU2720731C1 (ru) 2020-05-13
WO2017220459A1 (de) 2017-12-28
DE102016111514A1 (de) 2017-12-28

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