CN109470775A - A kind of device and method of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN109470775A CN109470775A CN201710803721.XA CN201710803721A CN109470775A CN 109470775 A CN109470775 A CN 109470775A CN 201710803721 A CN201710803721 A CN 201710803721A CN 109470775 A CN109470775 A CN 109470775A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring, described device includes: several ground infrasonic monitoring websites and a underground infrasonic monitoring website for forming array；The ground monitoring station is connect with data acquisition center respectively with underground monitoring station；The ground infrasonic monitoring website includes: monitoring stake (1), stylobate (3), the first infrasound sensor (4) and compartment (5), monitoring stake (1) is fixed on the stylobate (3) of earth's surface, and first infrasound sensor (4) is mounted on (5) in the compartment in monitoring stake (1).Based on above-mentioned apparatus, the present invention also provides a kind of methods of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring, can be monitored to landslide.The present invention uses earth's surface and underground combined monitoring method, rejects the interference of time sound source in environment, improves the detectability of landslide infrasound signals.
Description
Technical field
Monitor field of measuring technique the present invention relates to landslide o earth slope, in particular to a kind of identification of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals with
The device and method of field monitoring.
Background technique
Landslide is the geological disaster that China's distribution is most extensive and generation is most frequent.Its main feature is that having sudden and high destruction
Property, seriously threaten people life property safety.From the point of view of the amechanical angle of slopes unstability, under the essence for causing landslide to occur is
Sliding power is greater than skid resistance.The variation of hydrologic parameter is to lead to the inducement that mechanical state changes at sliding surface, and change in displacement is then sliding
The external macro manifestations that mechanical state variation causes strain to occur at face.So either monitoring hydrologic parameter is still displaced change
Change, all do not have to stop over to landslide substantially to come, thus be difficult to establish a reliable landslide threshold value of warning, causes to come down
The accuracy rate of early warning is not high.
Infrasonic sound has been more and more widely used in Geological Hazards Monitoring early warning as a kind of important monitoring means, at
For the hot spot of research.Before landslide o earth slope surface or deep displacement occur, part ground is under the long term of gravity on slope
Occur to squeeze, shear and rub, infrasound can be released.Non-equilibrium mechanical state at sliding surface can cause sliding surface to be answered first
Become and generate Light deformation sliding, the soil body belongs to typical non-uniform discrete material, and micro- the same of sliding generation certainly will be along with sliding surface
Locate intergranular friction, and then generates infrasound signals.According to the characteristic, infrasound signals monitoring is established, micro- sliding is analyzed and generates
Infrasonic rule and physical features, including frequency and amplitude.Infrasound is with frequency is low, wavelength is long, penetration capacity is strong, decaying
Propagation characteristics, the infrasound signals such as slow can be monitored by infrasound sensor, it can be achieved that remote monitoring outside far distance.
Area monitoring may be implemented in infrasound, monitors and comes down in large area, it is not necessary to equipment are mounted on landslide area, avoided
Conventional method does not come down in monitoring region, and neighbouring non-monitored region leads to the problem of landslide.But infrasonic monitoring method is supervised at present
Survey landslide the problem is that: due in atmosphere there are more infrasonic sound interference source, secondary method for acoustic monitoring landslide o earth slope be easy by
To the interference of ambient noise, lead to false-alarm occur.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, overcome time method for acoustic monitoring landslide o earth slope to be easy to be made an uproar by environment
The interference of sound provides the device and method of a kind of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring, and acquisition is above and below the ground
Infrasound signals, reject interference source, realize effective early warning to landslide.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of dresses of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring
It sets, described device includes: several ground infrasonic monitoring websites and a underground infrasonic monitoring website for forming array；Describedly
Upper monitoring station is connect with data acquisition center respectively with underground monitoring station；The ground infrasonic monitoring website includes: monitoring
Stake 1, stylobate 3, the first infrasound sensor 4 and compartment 5, the monitoring stake 1 are fixed on the stylobate 3 of earth's surface, and described the
One infrasound sensor 4 is mounted on 5 in the compartment in monitoring stake 1.
As a kind of improvement of above-mentioned apparatus, the monitoring stake 1 is fixed on the stylobate 3 of earth's surface by built-in fitting 2；
First infrasound sensor 4 is connect by signal transmission line with data acquisition center.
As a kind of improvement of above-mentioned apparatus, the ground infrasonic monitoring website further include: acoustic conduit 6, described first
Infrasound sensor 4 is connected to outside atmosphere by acoustic conduit 6, and the end of the acoustic conduit 6 is embedded to underground shallow layer, and uses stone
Sub- heap 7 is covered.
As a kind of improvement of above-mentioned apparatus, the ground infrasonic monitoring website composition array is ternary triangle battle array, quaternary
Triangle battle array, five yuan of center battle arrays, pentagon battle array or hexa-atomic center battle array.
As a kind of improvement of above-mentioned apparatus, the underground infrasonic monitoring website includes: subsurface acoustic pipeline 9, several
Along the sound hole 10 and the second infrasound sensor 8 of 9 length direction of subsurface acoustic pipeline, second infrasound sensor 8 is arranged
It elevates above the soil place in the upper end of subsurface acoustic pipeline 9, second infrasound sensor 8 is acquired by signal transmission line and data
Center connection.
Based on a kind of identification of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals and field monitoring method that above-mentioned apparatus is realized, the method packet
It includes:
Step 1) the data acquisition center data that above the first infrasound sensor 4 of infrasonic sound monitoring station is sent over the ground are joined
It closes, obtains joint infrasound signals；
Step 2) carries out multichannel correlation analysis to joint infrasound signals, eliminates the interference time sound source in atmospheric environment；
Step 3) to eliminate interfere the joint infrasound signals of time sound source by delay time estimation method and geometry location method into
Row processing, calculates the azimuth of signal, and azimuthal is for statistical analysis, tentatively judges whether it is landslide signal, if
It is to be transferred to step 4), otherwise, is transferred to step 1)；
Step 4) carries out signal analysis to joint infrasound signals, analyzes its frequency spectrum, time-frequency, energy variation and wavelet analysis,
Find out the basic frequency of joint infrasound signals；And extract the characteristic quantity of signal；
Feature database of the step 5) based on landslide infrasound signals, according to the basic frequency and characteristic quantity of joint infrasound signals, into one
It walks and determines whether joint infrasound signals are that the signal that comes down if so, being transferred to step 6) otherwise, is transferred to step 1)；
It is related to the signal progress of the second infrasound sensor 8 that data acquisition center acquires that step 6) will combine infrasound signals
Property analysis；If two signals are relevant, it is determined that be landslide signal, publication landslide pre-warning signal.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that
1, method of the invention can orient time sound source by establishing infrasound sensor array and using array technique
The definite place that landslide occurs is determined in position；
2, before landslide o earth slope surface or deep displacement occur, part ground occurs under the long term of gravity on slope
It squeezes, shearing and friction, infrasound can be released, method of the invention earlier stage can monitor and the phase that comes down before landslide
Associated infrasonic sound abnormal signal, gives warning in advance；
3, the present invention uses earth's surface and underground combined monitoring method, rejects the interference of time sound source in environment, improves landslide time
The detectability of acoustical signal；
4, earth's surface infrasound sensor of the present invention accesses acoustic conduit and end is laid with using porous medias such as stones, eliminates
The influence of environment apoplexy obtains better signal；
5, the present invention receives the infrasonic sound that ground glide slope generates using underground piping and along pipe lengths aperture mode
Wave signal can obtain better underground infrasound signal since pipe transmmision decaying is small；
6, method of the invention establishes micro- sliding of coming down and generates infrasonic rule and physical features, such as frequency and amplitude
Deng stopping over to what landslide occurred substantially to come, a reliable landslide threshold value of warning can be established, improve the accurate of landslide early warning
Rate；
7, the device of the invention construction cost is low, monitoring range is wide, is easy installation, thus a whole set of monitoring method scene adapts to
Property is strong, is widely used.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ground infrasonic monitoring website of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of acoustic conduit of the invention；
Fig. 3 is that the schematic diagram of a variety of formation of infrasound sensor array and different sensors number (is from left to right three respectively
First triangle battle array, quaternary triangle battle array, quaternary hexagonal lattice, five yuan of center battle arrays, pentagon battle array, hexa-atomic center battle array)；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of ground infrasonic monitoring website；
Fig. 5 is to establish Landslide Model experiment schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is model landslide experimental signal waveform diagram；
Fig. 7 is model landslide experimental signal spectrogram；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the frequency range of many experiments statistical analysis dominant frequency.
Attached drawing mark:
1, stake 2, built-in fitting 3, stylobate 4, the first infrasound sensor are monitored
5, compartment 6, acoustic conduit 7, stone heap 8, the second infrasound sensor
9, subsurface acoustic pipeline 10, sound hole
Specific embodiment
Technical principle of the invention is as follows:
First, infrasound has propagation characteristics, the infrasound signals such as frequency is low, wavelength is long, penetration capacity is strong, decaying is slow can
It is monitored by infrasound sensor, it can be achieved that remote monitoring outside far distance.Therefore, region prison may be implemented in infrasound
It surveys, infrasonic sensor is laid in larger landslide areas, can monitor multiple landslide events.
Second, using multi channel signals information, being carried out at correlation analysis and fusion using infrasound sensor array technique
Reason has strong ambient noise interference ability, can orient the position of time sound source, determines the definite place that landslide occurs.
Third, the present invention receives what ground glide slope generated using underground piping and along pipe lengths aperture mode
Infrasound signal can obtain better underground infrasound signal since pipe transmmision is decayed small, and and surface sensor into
Row correlation analysis, the two is propagated from different medium carrys out Hu infrasound, but derives from same secondary sound source.Pass through the phase to the two
Analysis is closed, the interference for making ambient noise can be filtered, is verified mutually, landslide infrasound signals is improved and detects accuracy, reduce false alarm rate.
The present invention will be described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring, described device includes: several
The ground infrasonic monitoring website and underground infrasonic monitoring website of a composition array；Ground monitoring station and underground monitoring station are distinguished
It is connect with data acquisition center.
The ground infrasonic monitoring website includes: monitoring stake 1, stylobate 3, the first infrasound sensor 4, compartment 5 and acoustics
Conduit 6, monitoring stake 1 are fixed on the stylobate 3 of earth's surface by built-in fitting 2, and the first infrasound sensor 4 is mounted on monitoring stake 1
On compartment in 5, the first infrasound sensor 4 is coupled with data acquisition center by signal transmission line respectively.
As shown in Fig. 2, first infrasound sensor 4 is connected to outside atmosphere by one section of acoustic conduit 6, in air conduit
End is embedded to underground shallow layer, and opening is covered using stone heap 7.Stone heap 7 is used as porous media, is conducive to reduce wind noise
It influences.
As shown in figure 3, multiple ground infrasonic monitoring websites form array, a variety of formation, different number of infrasonic sound can be
Sensor composition, by array technique to time auditory localization of coming down.The ground infrasonic monitoring website composition array is ternary three
Angle battle array, quaternary triangle battle array, five yuan of center battle arrays, pentagon battle array or hexa-atomic center battle array
As shown in figure 4, the underground infrasonic monitoring website includes: to punch sliding surface to basement rock toward underground by subsurface boring
Hole, buried subsurface acoustic pipeline 9, and several small sound holes 10, underground sound are equipped with along length of tube direction
The upper end for learning pipeline 9, which is elevated above the soil, connects the second infrasound sensor 8, and the second infrasound sensor 8 receives time from underground
Acoustical signal, the second infrasound sensor 8 are coupled by signal transmission line with data acquisition center.
Based on above-mentioned apparatus, the present invention also provides a kind of identification of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals and monitoring method, the sides
Method includes:
The number that step 1) data acquisition center sends the first infrasound sensor 4 of multiple ground infrasonic monitoring websites on the ground
According to being combined, joint infrasound signals are obtained；
Step 2) carries out multichannel correlation analysis to joint infrasound signals, eliminates the interference time sound source in atmospheric environment；
Step 3) to eliminate interfere the joint infrasound signals of time sound source by delay time estimation method and geometry location method into
Row processing, calculates the azimuth of signal, and azimuthal is for statistical analysis, tentatively judges whether it is landslide signal, if
It is to be transferred to step 4), otherwise, is transferred to step 1)；
Step 4) carries out signal analysis to joint infrasound signals, analyzes its frequency spectrum, time-frequency, energy variation and wavelet analysis,
Find out the basic frequency of joint infrasound signals；And extract the characteristic quantity of signal；
Feature database of the step 5) based on landslide infrasound signals, according to the basic frequency and characteristic quantity of joint infrasound signals, into one
It walks and determines whether joint infrasound signals are that the signal that comes down if so, being transferred to step 6) otherwise, is transferred to step 1)；
It is related to the signal progress of the second infrasound sensor 8 that data acquisition center acquires that step 6) will combine infrasound signals
Property analysis；If two signals are relevant, it is determined that be landslide signal, publication landslide pre-warning signal.
The characteristics of according to landslide infrasound signals for same source, ground infrasonic monitoring station received signal should be with sub-receiver
Signal it is related, but noise is incoherent, then carries out further related confirmation analysis, finally judges whether to be landslide infrasonic sound letter
Number.
Stake website is monitored by establishing multiple infrasound sensors in earth's surface, one acoustic array is formed, is believed by array
Number processing method and multichannel related algorithm and frequency spectrum analysis method reduce the interference of ambient noise, improve to landslide o earth slope allusion quotation
Type infrasound detectability.By the earth's surface infrasound sensor to infrasonic sound in reception atmosphere and receive the infrasonic infrasonic sound biography in underground
Sensor relevant treatment can reject the influence of infrasonic sound interference source in atmosphere.Since infrasonic sound is small in underground piping propagation attenuation, and it is outer
Interference source in the environment in face hardly enters, therefore has preferable signal-to-noise ratio.In earth's surface, it is easier to establish for landslide o earth slope
Secondary acoustic array.It is combined by the two, the influence of interference source can be effectively eliminated, realize effective monitoring to landslide event.
Monitoring Landslide Model experiment is carried out using apparatus and method of the present invention below:
Landslide o earth slope is simulated in experiment by the way of artificial, experimental model as shown in figure 5, in figure based on cement platform,
Upper surface is equipped with groove, and clay is inserted in groove, be higher by the part of cement platform plane mold accumulate it is slope-shaped, and by institute
There is the compacting of clay ramming, makes one.Rigid conduit plays the role of conducted acoustic waves, and one end is connected with sensor, another
End is embedded in slopes top and is compacted fixed to acquire infrasound signals.Sensor passes through signal wire phase with data acquisition transmission instrument
Even.
When experiment, push plate is pushed to uniformly act on power on gliding mass by jack, to simulate gliding mass when landslide generates
Self gravity slowly applies thrust until integral slipping occurs for gliding mass, the upper surface of cement platform along the component of glide direction
As come down slide surface.The signal generated during this is obtained by sensor, and is uploaded after acquiring transmission instrument sampling by data
It is analyzed to host computer processing.Fig. 6 is model landslide experimental signal waveform diagram.Fig. 7 is model landslide experimental signal spectrogram.It carries out
30 groups of experiments collect 137 radio-frequency components statistical analysis, and the major frequency components for the infrasound signals that come down are in normal distribution,
Main frequency 1-3Hz, as shown in Figure 8.
To Landslide Model experiment generation infrasound signals data analysis it is found that the main frequency energy of infrasound signals is concentrated, place
In in stable frequency range, early warning is monitored to landslide o earth slope using time audio technology it is possible thereby to realize.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of device of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring, which is characterized in that described device includes: composition battle array
Several ground infrasonic monitoring websites and a underground infrasonic monitoring website of column；The ground monitoring station and underground monitoring station
Point is connect with data acquisition center respectively；The ground infrasonic monitoring website includes: monitoring stake (1), stylobate (3), the first infrasonic sound
Sensor (4) and compartment (5), monitoring stake (1) are fixed on the stylobate (3) of earth's surface, the first infrasonic sound sensing
Device (4) is mounted on (5) in the compartment in monitoring stake (1).
2. the device of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Monitoring stake (1) is fixed on the stylobate (3) of earth's surface by built-in fitting (2)；First infrasound sensor (4) passes through signal
Transmission line is connect with data acquisition center.
3. the device of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Ground infrasonic monitoring website further include: acoustic conduit (6), first infrasound sensor (4) are outer by acoustic conduit (6) connection
Face atmosphere, the end of the acoustic conduit (6) is embedded to underground shallow layer, and is covered using stone heap (7).
4. the device of the identification and field monitoring of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals described in one of -3, feature exist according to claim 1
In, ground infrasonic monitoring website composition array be ternary triangle battle array, quaternary triangle battle array, five yuan of centers battle arrays, pentagon battle array or
Hexa-atomic center battle array.
5. the device of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals identification and field monitoring according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Underground infrasonic monitoring website includes: subsurface acoustic pipeline (9), several are along subsurface acoustic pipeline (9) length direction into sound
Hole (10) and the second infrasound sensor (8), the second infrasound sensor (8) setting are stretched in the upper end of subsurface acoustic pipeline (9)
Out at ground, second infrasound sensor (8) is coupled by signal transmission line with data acquisition center.
6. described based on the identification of landslide o earth slope infrasound signals and monitoring method that device described in one of claim 1-5 is realized
Method includes:
Step 1) the data acquisition center data that above the first infrasound sensor (4) of infrasonic sound monitoring station is sent over the ground are joined
It closes, obtains joint infrasound signals；
Step 2) carries out multichannel correlation analysis to joint infrasound signals, eliminates the interference time sound source in atmospheric environment；
Step 3) to eliminate interfere the joint infrasound signals of time sound source by delay time estimation method and geometry location method at
Reason, calculates the azimuth of signal, and azimuthal is for statistical analysis, tentatively judges whether it is landslide signal, if so, turning
Enter step 4), otherwise, is transferred to step 1)；
Step 4) carries out signal analysis to joint infrasound signals, analyzes its frequency spectrum, time-frequency, energy variation and wavelet analysis, finds out
The basic frequency of joint infrasound signals；And extract the characteristic quantity of signal；
Feature database of the step 5) based on landslide infrasound signals, according to the basic frequency and characteristic quantity of joint infrasound signals, further really
Surely whether joint infrasound signals are that landslide signal if so, being transferred to step 6) otherwise, is transferred to step 1)；
The signal for combining the second infrasound sensor (8) that infrasound signals are acquired with data acquisition center is carried out correlation by step 6)
Analysis；If two signals are relevant, it is determined that be landslide signal, publication landslide pre-warning signal.
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| CN110824427A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-02-21 | 中国人民解放军陆军勤务学院 | Inclined triangular pyramid sound pressure testing device and spatial secondary sound source directional positioning method thereof |
| CN111399012A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for monitoring reservoir water level by utilizing GNSS tri-frequency phase combined data |
| CN111412979A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-14 | 伟宸科技（武汉）有限公司 | Ultralow-frequency infrasound abnormal signal distinguishing method |
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