CN110673200A - Intelligent pipeline positioning device and method based on coded signals - Google Patents
Intelligent pipeline positioning device and method based on coded signals Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent pipeline positioning device based on an encoding signal, which comprises a signal transmitter and a signal receiver, wherein the signal transmitter comprises an encoder, a signal amplifier and an audio oscillator, and the signal receiver comprises a vibration signal sensor, an analog-to-digital converter and a signal processor. The invention finally converts the encodable signal with moderate frequency and outstanding autocorrelation characteristic into the sound wave signal by means of the power amplifier; by controlling the parameters such as the frequency of the encodable signal, the receiver can not only carry out accurate analysis by various post-processing methods, but also is more favorable for extracting the information implied in the received signal, and is more convenient for technicians to more reliably judge the signal transmitted by the transmitter by using a related analysis method. The device greatly improves the signal propagation distance and improves the accuracy and reliability of data interpretation of technicians.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban pipeline detection, in particular to an intelligent pipeline positioning device and method based on coded signals.
Background
Underground pipelines are important components of urban infrastructure and are also life lines on which cities live and develop. With the development of science and technology, the materials of urban underground pipelines are changing constantly, and metal pipelines are used in large quantities in the past, but at present, the application of non-metal pipelines such as plastic (polyethylene PE pipes, polyvinyl chloride PVC pipes and the like), ceramics, concrete and the like is increasingly popularized in various pipe networks such as water supply, drainage, gas, heat, industry, oil gas and the like. Because these non-metal pipelines have the advantages of strong contamination resistance, light weight, low cost, corrosion resistance, easy burying and maintenance, etc., they are increasingly used to replace metal pipelines.
In recent years, PE pipes are widely used for laying gas and water supply pipelines. With the rapid development of national economy, the construction of underground natural gas pipelines is also rapidly advanced, and the importance of natural gas pipeline management is increasingly emphasized by various government departments. The later-stage underground pipeline maintenance needs timely, accurate and complete underground pipeline information, and from the current situation of the current domestic pipeline detection technology, the detection technology of the metal pipeline tends to be mature, but the detection of the current non-metal pipeline is still a technical problem, because the non-metal pipeline is non-conductive and non-magnetic, basically insulated, the commonly used metal pipeline detector cannot detect the underground non-metal pipeline, the underground non-metal pipeline can be determined according to the position and the buried depth, the damage caused by construction excavation is avoided, and the safety of a pipe network is managed and maintained, and the like, so that great difficulty is brought.
At present, the technical methods adopted by technicians and related experts in China for detecting PE natural gas pipelines include a ground penetrating radar method, a trace line method and the like.
1. Geological radar methods. Geological radar is based on the principle that electromagnetic waves are reflected when encountering different geological interfaces during the propagation process in the underground. In general, the target line and the surrounding medium are different in physical properties (mainly electrical properties). The geological radar sends high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the ground in a form of broadband short pulses through a transmitting antenna from the ground, and the high-frequency electromagnetic waves return to the ground after being reflected by a geological interface or a pipeline and are received by another antenna. The path, the electromagnetic field intensity and the waveform of the reflected wave from the geological interface change with the electromagnetic property and the geometric form of the medium passing through, so that the spatial position and the burial depth of the underground pipeline can be estimated according to the travel time (double travel), the amplitude, the waveform, the medium electromagnetic wave speed and the like of the reflected wave. Knowing the travel time of the reflected wave at the pipe top and the average medium electromagnetic wave speed, the pipe top buried depth of the underground pipeline can be calculated;
the geological radar method is a non-destructive technology, has wide application range and higher efficiency, adopts microcomputer control and mapping, has clear and visual images and is suitable for detecting pipelines made of various materials. However, the method has high requirements on the detection field, and for underground pipeline detection, the method is greatly interfered by the backfill and the clutter of the adjacent non-target pipelines, is limited by the flatness of the detection field, has limited detection depth, and is easy for non-professional technicians to judge by mistake.
2. Tracing line detection method. The premise is that the PE pipe is provided with a tracing line, a metal conducting wire (called the tracing line for short) is generally embedded in close contact with the PE in the pipeline construction, and a dew point is arranged at an obvious position such as a valve. The detection principle is that alternating current with certain intensity is added to the tracer line, and the spatial position of the tracer line is determined by detecting an electromagnetic field generated by the current of the tracer line, so that the position of the buried PE pipeline is determined. Currently, the more commonly used instruments include an LD8100 pipeline detector produced by Redi corporation of England and an SENR-6018 pipeline detector produced by Hean of Jiangsu of China. Such instruments have no practical use in the case of pipelines without tracer lines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent pipeline positioning device and method based on a coded signal, and the intelligent pipeline positioning device and method can realize accurate positioning of an underground pipeline.
In order to achieve the purpose, the intelligent pipeline positioning device based on the coded signals comprises a signal transmitter and a signal receiver, wherein the signal transmitter comprises an encoder, a signal amplifier and an audio oscillator, the signal receiver comprises a vibration signal sensor, an analog-to-digital converter and a signal processor, and the encoder is used for generating sound wave coded signals;
the signal amplifier is used for carrying out power amplification on the sound wave coding signal;
the audio oscillator is used for converting the sound wave coding signals after power amplification into mechanical vibration to generate sound wave signals with specific change frequency, and the sound wave signals propagate the sound wave signals with the specific change frequency to the interior of the pipeline through the relief valve port;
the vibration signal sensor is used for sensing the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point on a circular measuring area which takes the relief valve port as an original point and takes a preset distance as a radius, and converting the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency sound wave analog signals of each coordinate point;
the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the specific change frequency sound wave analog signals of all the coordinate points into specific change frequency sound wave digital signals of all the coordinate points;
the signal processor is used for generating an intensity distribution diagram of the acoustic wave signal with the specific change frequency on a circular measuring area with the relief valve port as an original point and the preset distance as a radius by utilizing the acoustic wave digital signal with the specific change frequency of each coordinate point, and the lower part of the coordinate point with the maximum acoustic wave intensity with the specific change frequency in the intensity distribution diagram is the pipeline.
The invention finally converts the codeable signals with moderate frequency and outstanding autocorrelation characteristics into sound wave signals (Chirp signals, which are signals with frequency regularly and continuously changing along with time and have excellent autocorrelation characteristics) by means of the power amplifier; by controlling the frequency of the encodable signal and the signal power, the receiver can accurately analyze by means of various post-processing methods, and the method is more favorable for extracting the information implicit in the received signal and more convenient for technicians to more reliably judge the signal transmitted by the transmitter by using a related analysis method. The device greatly improves the signal propagation distance and improves the accuracy and reliability of data interpretation of technicians. Compared with the existing sound wave probe instrument, the sound wave probe instrument has the advantages of longer detection distance, higher signal-to-noise ratio, larger detection depth and the like.
The Chirp signal is used as a sweep frequency signal and has the characteristics of wide frequency band, large transmission energy, long action distance, good autocorrelation, easiness in detection and the like. Based on the self frequency sweeping characteristic, the signal can well reconcile the contradiction between the two characteristics, and meanwhile, the signal penetration capacity and the echo signal resolution are improved. That is to say, when the peak power of the pulse signal is determined, the signal can have larger energy by modulating the length of the signal, thereby realizing a longer propagation distance, and simultaneously, the signal has higher resolution due to good autocorrelation property, thereby well solving the contradiction between the effective detection distance and the resolution. The Chirp signal has good autocorrelation characteristics, and even when the reflected signals of the Chirp signal are superposed, the initial position of the Chirp signal is still quite clear, and the Chirp signal has good anti-noise performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a signal transmitter of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a signal receiver in the present invention.
The system comprises a signal transmitter 1, a signal encoder 1.1, a signal amplifier 1.2, an audio oscillator 1.3, a preamplifier 1.4, a signal equalization module 1.5, a power amplifier 1.6, a signal receiver 2, a vibration signal sensor 2.1, an analog-to-digital converter 2.2 and a signal processor 2.3.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
the intelligent pipeline positioning device based on the coded signals as shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a signal transmitter 1 and a signal receiver 2, wherein the signal transmitter 1 comprises an encoder 1.1, a signal amplifier 1.2 and an audio oscillator 1.3, the signal receiver 2 comprises a vibration signal sensor 2.1, an analog-to-digital converter 2.2 and a signal processor 2.3, and the encoder 1.1 is used for generating sound wave coded signals (Chirp coded signals);
the signal amplifier 1.2 is used for carrying out power amplification on the sound wave coding signal, the power amplification degree is related to the distance between a detection point and a signal transmitter and the density degree of a soil medium above an embedded pipeline, and generally, the farther the receiver is away from the transmitter, the looser the soil medium above the pipeline is, and the larger the power amplification is; vice versa, in the practical application process, the power variation range is generally 25-200W;
the audio oscillator 1.3 is configured to convert the sound wave coded signal after power amplification into mechanical vibration, and generate a sound wave signal with a specific change frequency (a sound wave signal with a frequency regularly and continuously changing along with time, a Chirp signal), and the sound wave signal propagates the sound wave signal with the specific change frequency to the inside of the pipeline through the relief valve port;
the vibration signal sensor 2.1 is used for sensing the specific change frequency sound wave signal of each coordinate point (each coordinate point on the circular measuring area) on the circular measuring area (the circular measuring area is the circular outline) which takes the relief valve port as the origin and takes the preset distance as the radius, and converting the specific change frequency sound wave signal of each coordinate point into the specific change frequency sound wave analog signal of each coordinate point;
the analog-to-digital converter 2.2 is used for converting the specific change frequency acoustic wave analog signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency acoustic wave digital signals of each coordinate point;
the signal processor 2.3 is configured to generate an intensity distribution diagram of the acoustic signal with the specific variation frequency on the circular measurement area with the bleed valve port as an origin and the preset distance as a radius by using the acoustic digital signal with the specific variation frequency at each coordinate point, and a pipeline is located below the coordinate point with the maximum acoustic intensity with the specific variation frequency in the intensity distribution diagram.
In the technical scheme, the vibration signal sensor 2.1 is used for sensing the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses in a circular measuring area which takes the relief valve port as an original point and takes different preset distances as radiuses, and converting the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses into specific change frequency sound wave simulation signals of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses;
the analog-to-digital converter 2.2 is used for converting the acoustic wave analog signals with specific change frequency of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses into acoustic wave digital signals with specific change frequency of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses;
the signal processor 2.3 is configured to generate an intensity distribution diagram of the acoustic signal with the specific variation frequency on the plurality of concentric circular measurement regions with the bleed valve port as an origin and different preset distances as radii by using the acoustic digital signal with the specific variation frequency at each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radii, and a pipeline is located below a connecting line of the coordinate points with the maximum acoustic intensity with the specific variation frequency on each concentric circle in the intensity distribution diagram.
In the technical scheme, the bleeding valve port is special equipment on a gas pipeline, the bleeding valve is a safety early warning device for conveying combustible explosive gas by a pipeline, and when the pressure of a control point exceeds a set value (bubble bursting pressure) due to a certain temporary reason, a certain amount of gas is discharged. The valve is a special valve which is generally arranged at the lowest end of the gas used in a natural gas pipeline and is used for replacing impure mixed gas in the pipeline to the outside before being put into use or during maintenance.
In the technical scheme, the coded sound signal sent by the transmitter is received by the receiver and then processed and analyzed, so that whether the signal sent by the transmitter exists can be more accurately judged. The processing and analyzing process comprises the steps of modulating a set Chirp signal to a transmitting signal, using the same characteristic signal as a related detection transmitting signal at a receiving end, modulating the characteristic signal to increase the autocorrelation of the signal, and enabling the signal to be easier to detect and measure.
In the technical scheme, the signal transmitter is used for transmitting an encodable sound wave signal into the natural gas pipeline, the signal is directionally propagated to the far end along the pipeline, and the sound wave signal is directionally propagated in the pipeline pressure gas and is stereoscopically propagated to the ground through the soil on the pipe wall; the receiver captures the acoustic signal at the surface.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, vibrations sensor module comprises high sensitivity piezoceramics sensor, and the market is comparatively common at present, and it can be turned into the signal of telecommunication with the extremely weak vibration signal in ground. When the transmitter starts to work, the coded sound wave signals are transmitted along the inside of the pipeline and transmitted to the ground to the periphery of the pipeline, and at the moment, the receiver high-sensitivity sensor converts the weak sound wave signals on the ground surface into electric signals on the ground.
In the above technical scheme, the signal amplifier 1.2 includes a pre-amplification module 1.4, a signal equalization module 1.5, and a power amplifier 1.6, the pre-amplification module 1.4 is configured to pre-amplify the sound wave coded signal, the signal equalization module 1.5 is configured to perform gain adjustment on the pre-amplified sound wave coded signal (sound wave amplitudes required in different environments are different, some places have weaker signals and need to be increased more, some places have too strong signals and need to be weakened), and the power amplifier 1.6 is configured to perform power amplification (25 to 200W) on the gain-adjusted sound wave coded signal.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, vibrations signal sensor 2.1 is used for carrying out the specific change frequency acoustic wave signal response of each coordinate point on the circular measuring area with diffusing valve port as the original point, with 3 ~ 5m as the radius.
An intelligent pipeline positioning method using the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: the encoder 1.1 generates a sound wave encoding signal;
step 2: the signal amplifier 1.2 amplifies the power of the sound wave coding signal;
and step 3: the audio oscillator 1.3 converts the sound wave coded signal after power amplification into mechanical vibration to generate a sound wave signal with specific change frequency, and the sound wave signal transmits the sound wave signal with specific change frequency to the interior of the pipeline through the relief valve port;
and 4, step 4: the vibration signal sensor 2.1 senses the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point on a circular measuring area which takes the relief valve port as an original point and takes a preset distance as a radius, and converts the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency sound wave analog signals of each coordinate point;
and 5: the analog-to-digital converter converts the specific change frequency sound wave analog signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency sound wave digital signals of each coordinate point;
step 6: the signal processor 2.3 generates an intensity distribution diagram of the acoustic signal with the specific variation frequency on the circular measurement area with the bleed valve port as the origin and the preset distance as the radius by using the acoustic digital signal with the specific variation frequency of each coordinate point, and the lower part of the coordinate point with the maximum acoustic intensity with the specific variation frequency in the intensity distribution diagram is the pipeline.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an intelligence pipeline positioner based on coded signal which characterized in that: the acoustic wave coding device comprises a signal transmitter (1) and a signal receiver (2), wherein the signal transmitter (1) comprises an encoder (1.1), a signal amplifier (1.2) and an audio oscillator (1.3), the signal receiver (2) comprises a vibration signal sensor (2.1), an analog-to-digital converter (2.2) and a signal processor (2.3), and the encoder (1.1) is used for generating an acoustic wave coding signal;
the signal amplifier (1.2) is used for carrying out power amplification on the sound wave coding signal;
the audio oscillator (1.3) is used for converting the sound wave coding signal after power amplification into mechanical vibration to generate a sound wave signal with specific change frequency, and the sound wave signal transmits the sound wave signal with the specific change frequency to the interior of the pipeline through the relief valve port;
the vibration signal sensor (2.1) is used for sensing the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point on a circular measuring area which takes the relief valve port as an original point and takes a preset distance as a radius, and converting the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency sound wave analog signals of each coordinate point;
the analog-to-digital converter (2.2) is used for converting the specific change frequency acoustic wave analog signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency acoustic wave digital signals of each coordinate point;
the signal processor (2.3) is used for generating an intensity distribution diagram of the acoustic wave signal with the specific change frequency on a circular measuring area with the diffusing valve port as an original point and a preset distance as a radius by utilizing the acoustic digital signal with the specific change frequency of each coordinate point, and the lower part of the coordinate point with the maximum acoustic wave intensity with the specific change frequency in the intensity distribution diagram is the pipeline.
2. The intelligent pipeline positioning device based on the coded signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vibration signal sensor (2.1) is used for sensing specific change frequency sound wave signals of all coordinate points on concentric circles with different radiuses in a circular measuring area with the relief valve port as an original point and different preset distances as radiuses, and converting the specific change frequency sound wave signals of all coordinate points on the concentric circles with different radiuses into specific change frequency sound wave simulation signals of all coordinate points on the concentric circles with different radiuses;
the analog-to-digital converter (2.2) is used for converting the acoustic wave analog signals with specific change frequency of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses into acoustic wave digital signals with specific change frequency of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses;
the signal processor (2.3) is used for generating an intensity distribution diagram of the acoustic wave signal with the specific change frequency on a plurality of concentric circular measuring areas with different preset distances as radiuses by using the acoustic digital signal with the specific change frequency of each coordinate point on the concentric circles with different radiuses, and the pipeline is arranged below a connecting line of the coordinate points with the maximum acoustic wave intensity with the specific change frequency on each concentric circle in the intensity distribution diagram.
3. The intelligent pipeline positioning device based on the coded signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the signal amplifier (1.2) comprises a pre-amplification module (1.4), a signal equalization module (1.5) and a power amplifier (1.6), the pre-amplification module (1.4) is used for pre-amplifying the sound wave coding signals, the signal equalization module (1.5) is used for carrying out gain adjustment on the pre-amplified sound wave coding signals, and the power amplifier (1.6) is used for carrying out power amplification on the sound wave coding signals after gain adjustment.
4. The intelligent pipeline positioning device based on the coded signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vibration signal sensor (2.1) is used for sensing the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point on a circular measuring area which takes the relief valve port as an original point and takes 3-5 m as a radius.
5. An intelligent pipeline positioning method using the device of claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the encoder (1.1) generates a sound wave encoding signal;
step 2: the signal amplifier (1.2) amplifies the power of the sound wave coding signal;
and step 3: the audio oscillator (1.3) converts the sound wave coding signal after power amplification into mechanical vibration to generate a sound wave signal with specific change frequency, and the sound wave signal transmits the sound wave signal with the specific change frequency to the interior of the pipeline through the relief valve port;
and 4, step 4: the vibration signal sensor (2.1) senses the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point on a circular measuring area which takes the relief valve port as an original point and takes a preset distance as a radius, and converts the specific change frequency sound wave signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency sound wave analog signals of each coordinate point;
and 5: the analog-to-digital converter converts the specific change frequency sound wave analog signals of each coordinate point into specific change frequency sound wave digital signals of each coordinate point;
step 6: and the signal processor (2.3) utilizes the specific change frequency sound wave digital signals of each coordinate point to generate an intensity distribution diagram of the specific change frequency sound wave signals on a circular measuring area with the relief valve port as an original point and a preset distance as a radius, and the lower part of the coordinate point with the maximum specific change frequency sound wave intensity in the intensity distribution diagram is the pipeline.
6. The intelligent pipeline positioning method according to claim 5, wherein: the acoustic wave signal with the specific change frequency is an acoustic wave signal with frequency regularly and continuously changing along with time.
7. The intelligent pipeline positioning method according to claim 6, wherein: the sound wave signal with the frequency regularly and continuously changing along with the time is a Chirp signal.
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| CN111208519A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 西安探管者探测技术有限公司 | Underground pipeline depth measuring device and method |
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