CN103778345A - Debris flow infrasound signal screening method, generation positioning method and path monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a debris flow infrasound signal screening method, a debris flow generation place positioning method and a debris flow motion path real-time monitoring method. Aiming at the defects that in the prior art, in the infrasound positioning process, signal screening is not carried out, signal identification accuracy is low, coordinates cannot be accurately positioned and the like, the invention provides the debris flow infrasound signal screening method. The method comprises the steps as follows: firstly, background noise interference is eliminated by four indexes of signal duration, signal relevance, a signal predominant frequency and a sound pressure and then a method of firstly and mainly analyzing an abnormal signal and then carrying out reference analysis on the abnormal signal is adopted to simultaneously process signals acquired by a plurality of sensors in two paths so as to ensure accuracy and high efficiency of screening debris flow generation signals. On the basis of the signal screening method, the invention also provides the debris flow generation positioning method which can realize accurate coordinate positioning on a debris flow generation site and further provides the debris flow motion path real-time monitoring method which can realize visual real-time monitoring on debris flow.

Description

Debris flow infrasound signal screening method, generation localization method, path monitoring method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of debris flow infrasound signal screening method and utilize rubble flow spot localization method and the mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring of its realization, belong to mud-stone flow disaster mitigation field.

Background technology

Rubble flow is in formation and motion process, and lithosphere can be because rupturing, rub, push and clash into the infrasonic wave (abbreviation infrasonic sound) that the phenomenons such as ditch bed produce propagation stable in the air and contain important geological information.All there are specific characteristic frequency, dominant frequency amplitude and the duration etc. of the infrasound signals that rubble flow sends.Inferior acoustic propagation velocity is only relevant with temperature, all irrelevant with atmospheric density, pressure etc., and its acoustic emission source is spherical wave, non-directional, and the long Distance Transmission of speed that can 344m/s in normal temperature air is fast compared with the movement velocity of rubble flow (5m/s～15m/s).Meanwhile, undersonic frequency is extremely low, and easily diffraction, through barriers such as landform, has extremely strong penetration power, can pass through atmosphere, water body, soil layer, reinforced concrete member etc., can realize expedite transmission by minimum gap.And infrasound signals is subject to the viscous effect decay of atmosphere and water little, can provide advantage for the monitoring of infrasound wave of mud-rock flow source remote distance.Utilize the feature of infrasound signals, debris flow infrasound sensor can receive seedbed, basin avalanche thing and enter ditch bed, and rubble flow flows at ditch bed, goes out mountain pass, enters the infrasound signals of piling up fan and entering main stem overall process.Thereby, can judge that rubble flow occurs and flows, determine when on one's own initiative warning, its alarm lead be 10min to 30min not etc.

Utilize the prior art of infrasonic monitoring mud-stone flow disaster mainly to comprise two classes: one, an infrasound sensor of great majority is monitored certain area where mud-rock flow is liable to occur, thereby judge whether rubble flow has occurred in this region, this class technology cannot judge specifically which bar debris flow gully rubble flow has occurred and cannot realize the real-time monitoring in rubble flow flow process, more cannot determine that how long rubble flow can arrive harm object in addition, can not give full play to Function of reducing disaster; Two, utilizing multiple infrasound sensors to lay along straight line, inquire into the distance of rubble flow scene apart from monitoring point in conjunction with geometric relationship, there is the raceway groove of rubble flow in judgement.But this class technology is not in earlier stage all carried out debris flow infrasound signal and is sentenced knowledge, rubble flow is occurred to survey misinformation probability by mistake high, and the also real-time monitoring in accurate location and the rubble flow flow process of unrealized rubble flow spot, can only determine the raceway groove scope that rubble flow occurs.

Prior art " infrasonic sound wave source location and applied research based on microphone array " (Liu Xianglong, 2013) discloses a kind of infrasonic sound that utilizes to the method that dam flood-discharge source is positioned.The method is chosen 7 monitoring places in the scope apart from dam 0.5km to 2.5km, and each point is installed 3 infrasound sensors and formed a triangle battle array, composition monitoring array, and in subarray, array element distance is 100m left and right.According to the infrasound signals of obtaining, calculate incoming wave orientation, direction, the velocity of wave of infrasonic sound, combine the statistical probability figure that obtains arrival bearing and describe the infrasonic wave source of different frequency range under identical flood discharge flow by many arrays, finally judge infrasonic sound wave source certain region from Ba Qu.

If the method is applied to rubble flow generation Monitoring and Positioning, at least there are five aspect defects: the screening of one, not carrying out infrasound signals in the method is screened, just carry out bandpass filtering treatment, find characteristic frequency spectrum, then carry out after frequency-division section filtering processing, directly be used for location, judging that whether wave source is from Ba Qu, its accuracy is subject to larger restriction; Two, there is location to similarly being similar dam flood-discharge source relatively static point like this in the achieved disaster of method, and can not be applicable to rubble flow tap like this in motion to picture; Three, the result of method is the infrasonic wave source that obtains describing from the statistical probability figure of ripple direction different frequency range under identical flood discharge flow, that is to say and only disaster occurrence positions is defined in to certain geographical interval, do not complete accurate coordinate setting, as latitude and longitude coordinates; Four, owing to not realizing accurately location, from know-why analysis, the method can not further realize the motion process in flood discharge source is monitored in real time, and therefore technique effect is limited; Five, in system, used tens sensors, lined up a little subarray for every 3, then subarray is again by certain regularly arranged, and therefore construction cost and system operation maintenance all need higher cost.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention is exactly for the deficiencies in the prior art, the rubble flow spot localization method and the mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring that a kind of infrasonic monitoring screening technique occurring for mud-stone flow disaster are provided and realize on this basis.

For achieving the above object, first the present invention provides a kind of debris flow infrasound signal screening method, and its technical scheme is as follows:

A kind of debris flow infrasound signal screening method, monitors for rubble flow, it is characterized in that:

Infrasound sensor primitive is arranged in rubble flow generation monitored space with array way, each time sonic transducer primitive respectively with Surveillance center's real-time Communication for Power, communication cycle is time t, Surveillance center records all infrasound sensor primitive signals and carries out Treatment Analysis;

Surveillance center is in the front 24h average amplitude without there is rubble flow in the situation that scanning and calculate sonic transducer primitive each time and beam back burst, the amplitude threshold using front 24h average amplitude as this sonic transducer primitive;

Surveillance center's real time scan calculates the amplitude of each signal that sonic transducer primitive is beamed back each time, if certain infrasound sensor primitive A is from moment T _arise and receive unconventional strong signal, Surveillance center's enabling signal discriminating program, otherwise deletion record data; The signal that described unconventional strong signal is signal amplitude > amplitude threshold, described signal discriminating program comprises:

Step S111, from time T _ain the time T 1 rising, if infrasound sensor primitive A continues to occur that unconventional strong signal all appears in unconventional strong signal and other infrasound sensor primitives, enter step S112, otherwise enter step S122; Described time T 1 maximal value is value and the communication cycle t sum of infrasound sensor primitive spacing maximal value divided by the velocity of sound;

Step S112, determines that the moment T of unconventional strong signal appears in each infrasound sensor primitive _x, enter step S113;

Step S113, if there is the latest unconventional strong signal duration >=t that the infrasound sensor primitive of unconventional strong signal receives, enters step S114, otherwise enters step S122;

Step S114, by all infrasound sensor primitives from its moment T _aor T _xburst in time t is made cross-correlation analysis backward, if related coefficient >0.7 enters step S115, otherwise enters step S122;

Step S115, by infrasound sensor primitive A from time T _aplay the burst in time t backward obtains signal excellent frequency through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), if excellent frequency within the scope of 5HZ～10HZ and sound pressure level in 0.1Pa～0.5 ^-4within the scope of Pa, enter step S121, otherwise enter step S122;

Step S121, is judged as debris flow infrasound signal, and Surveillance center preserves the record data of all infrasound sensor primitives, exits signal discriminating program;

Step S122, is judged as non-debris flow infrasound signal, and all record data of all infrasound sensor primitives are deleted by Surveillance center, exit signal discriminating program.

Above-mentioned debris flow infrasound signal screening method is specially for adopting the infrasound signals of the infrasound sensor primitive of arranging with array way to debris flow formation time to be screened.When infrasound sensor is arranged with array way, because other phenomenons of occurring in nature or event also can be followed the release of infrasound signals, these infrasonic sounds are considered as ground unrest, therefore a critical problem is how to remove ground unrest to disturb, and improves the accurate identification of sensor array entirety to debris flow infrasound signal.Another critical problem is how each sensor primitive signal all effectively to be utilized, to be improved under the prerequisite of signal identification accuracy in assurance, shortens whole signal screening flow process consuming time, realizes timely early warning.The basic technique principle of above-mentioned signal screening method is:

The comprehensive utilization of the signal that the first, each sensor primitive receives.In the time adopting the common Monitoring Debris Flow infrasound signals of multisensor primitive, there is different ground unrests in the signal obtaining due to each sensor primitive, therefore the technical matters existing is how adopting short distance footpath and the signal that screens different primitives in the shortest time, identifies and whether has common debris flow infrasound signal.In the inventive method, signal is sentenced knowledge program synthesis and is utilized 4 signal characteristic dimensions to screen each primitive acquisition infrasound signals, respectively: the lasting duration of unconventional strong signal, the correlativity of signal, the excellent frequency of signal, acoustic pressure, judge in the infrasound signals that each sensor primitive receives whether have debris flow infrasound signal thus.In the infrasound signals that sensor receives, all should be considered as ground unrest except real debris flow infrasound signal, if first do not remove ground unrest, rubble flow wrong report probability can increase greatly, and in technology, often has such situation now.

The second, infrasound signals is analyzed along separate routes.If, can incur loss through delay the condition of a disaster and report because greatly extending the time of signal screening one by one in addition analyzing and processing of the signal of each infrasound sensor primitive transmission according to conventional thinking.Therefore in the inventive method screening process by the unconventional strong signal receiving at first with after the unconventional strong signal that receives analyze along separate routes, adopt the unconventional strong signal Main Analysis to receive at first, after the unconventional strong signal that receives with reference to the method for analyzing, carry out abnormal signal analysis with time-division two-way, under the prerequisite that guarantees identification accuracy, improved signal analysis speed.

Three, be limited from 4 signal characteristic dimensions for the examination of concrete signal.(1) limit the long large ground unrest of some very brief but energy of removing signal duration, as thunder and lightning etc.; (2) limit correlativity level between signal and guarantee that this signal all exists in wide scope, disturb to get rid of local ground unrest; (3) limiting excellent frequency, the acoustic pressure of signal guarantees from the attribute of the basic feature check infrasound signals of debris flow infrasound signal.According to prior art, debris flow infrasound signal is a deterministic signal, and waveform is simple harmonic quantity sine wave, has definite excellent frequency (the corresponding frequency of that spectral line of amplitude maximum is the excellent frequency of surveyed debris flow infrasound signal in spectrogram).More than excellent frequency exceeds 20dB than other neighbourhood noise frequency content intensity.Excellent frequency is at 5Hz～10Hz, about 6Hz.Acoustic pressure scope is in 0.1Pa～0.5 ^-4pa.Therefore the signal that adopts above-mentioned condition to receive each sensor effectively screens.

The discriminating program of debris flow infrasound signal screening of the present invention, based on above-mentioned know-why, can accurately be got rid of the interference of ground unrest or local noise, greatly reduces the wrong report probability of rubble flow under the prerequisite that guarantees signal screening efficiency.

In above-mentioned debris flow infrasound signal screening method, unconventional strong signal refers to the signal that the amplitude of waveform increases suddenly.Conventionally in the situation that there is no strong signal, infrasound signals waveform is always in state more stably, and in the time receiving violent signal, amplitude can suddenly increase.Set the amplitude > threshold value of unconventional strong signal, the neighbourhood noise composition that threshold value is settled by each sensor determines, by the collection ambient noise signal of long-time (as 24h), the average amplitude calculating, is threshold value.

In above-mentioned debris flow infrasound signal screening method, the required front 24h average amplitude of calculated amplitude threshold value refers to front 24h crest average amplitude or front 24h trough average amplitude.In the time of calculative determination average amplitude, can adopt crest amplitude to calculate, also can adopt trough amplitude to calculate.Determining that employing crest or trough data calculate after amplitude threshold, in the follow-up signal treatment step of debris flow infrasound signal screening method, also needing correspondence to select crest or trough amplitude data to be compared.Further, the relevant debris flow infrasound monitoring technology (the debris flow infrasound signal screening method, the mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring that simultaneously provide as the present invention) starting based on this debris flow infrasound signal screening method also needs corresponding crest or the trough amplitude data of adopting to compare.

In above-mentioned debris flow infrasound signal screening method, infrasound sensor primitive is arranged in rubble flow generating region with array way, in rubble flow cheuch 2000m, needs in principle to arrange to be no less than 3 groups of sensor primitives.Concrete arranged in arrays mode can be linear array, circular array, triangular array, cubic array, positive tetrahedron array, three-dimensional five element array etc.Further, because rubble flow occurs, mountain area, place environment physical features is dangerously steep, circumstance complication, need to research and analyse the DEM in the rubble flow region of monitoring, find out physical features relatively flat as far as possible, the environment around blocking without huge massif is arranged infrasonic monitoring sensor, and the impact that mountain area complex terrain is received to debris flow infrasound signal to sensor drops to minimum.

From know-why, in infrasonic monitoring sensor array, each sensor primitive spacing is far away, and positioning precision is higher, but under physical condition, primitive spacing is crossed conference affects the reception of debris flow infrasound signal.According to experiment effect contrast, the present invention, under optimal conditions, is arranged on 1000m～2000m by each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive spacing.In theory, the velocity of sound is 340m/s in normal temperature air, if sensor primitive spacing is too small, the time difference between signal very little, affect final positioning precision, if sensor primitive spacing is excessive, can not guarantee that each sensor can receive debris flow infrasound signal, easily fail to report, even cause sensor primitive not receive for a long time abnormal signal, cause early warning to be incured loss through delay.Therefore be arranged on and within the scope of 1000m～2000m, there is higher positioning precision.

In above-mentioned debris flow infrasound signal screening method, communication cycle t is generally set as 5s.

Take above-mentioned debris flow infrasound signal screening method as basis, the present invention further provides a kind of rubble flow spot localization method, concrete technical scheme is as follows:

A kind of rubble flow spot localization method, is characterized in that: arrange N infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive, N>=3 in area where mud-rock flow is liable to occur with array way; Determine that infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive planimetric coordinates is respectively N (X _n, Y _n), N=1,2,3...n, determines each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive spacing L _n, N=1,2,3...n; Surveillance center receives infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal in real time, when judge monitoring section occur rubble flow occur infrasound signals time start rubble flow spot finder, described rubble flow spot finder comprises:

Step S210, Surveillance center receives infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal in real time, in the time judging that monitoring section exists the infrasound signals that rubble flow occurs, process the each infrasonic monitoring sensor of each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal acquisition primitive and respond the mistiming τ of same signal _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S220;

Step S220, with each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive spacing L _n, N=1,2,3...n, each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive respond the mistiming τ of same signal _n, N=1,2,3...n, the aerial velocity of propagation C of sound are basis, utilize each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive geometric relationship to calculate the planimetric coordinates of rubble flow occurrence positions, enter step S230;

Step S230, determines according to step S220 result of calculation and is plotted in the geographic coordinate of rubble flow spot on electronic chart, exits rubble flow spot finder.

The basic technique principle of above-mentioned rubble flow spot localization method is: determined that by screening the infrasound signals producing occurs rubble flow, the signal of crest (or trough) position of the amplitude maximum of the infrasound signals that many infrasonic monitoring sensors that on this basis, employing is disposed receive positions.Find out the corresponding time point of crest (or trough) of the amplitude maximum that in sensor array, each sensor primitive produces same debris flow infrasound signal response, thereby can obtain each sensor primitive and receive the mistiming of same signal.Further, utilize the mistiming that in sensor array, each sensor primitive produces same signal, in conjunction with plane geometry principle and acoustic propagation velocity, just can locate debris flow occurrence position.

The present invention provides a kind of above-mentioned localization method the applicable poor τ of signal time simultaneously _n, N=1,2,3...n acquisition methods, specifically: step S210 implements according to following steps:

Step S211, each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive is scanned from starting to receive the unconventional strong signal burst in time t backward in Surveillance center, determines crest or the corresponding time t of trough of first amplitude maximum in each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive burst _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters S212;

Step S212, by the time t of each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive _n, N=1,2,3...n makes the poor poor τ of signal time between each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive that obtains mutually _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S220.

The present invention specifically provides a kind of rubble flow generation localization method of arranging that in rubble flow monitoring section 3 infrasonic monitoring sensor primitives are realized simultaneously, and its technical scheme is as follows:

A kind of rubble flow spot localization method, is characterized in that:

Arrange infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive A, infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive B, infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive C in area where mud-rock flow is liable to occur in triangular array mode, determine that planimetric coordinates is respectively A (X _a, Y _a), B (X _b, Y _b), C (X _c, Y _c), determine infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive spacing AB, AC, BC; Surveillance center receives infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal in real time, and communication cycle is time t, when judge monitoring section occur rubble flow occur infrasound signals time start rubble flow generation finder, described rubble flow generation finder comprises:

Step S211, Surveillance center scanning is calculated each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive from starting to receive the unconventional strong signal burst in time t backward, determines crest or the corresponding time t of trough of first amplitude maximum in each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive burst _a, t _b, t _c, enter S212; Step S212, by t _a, t _b, t _cmutually make the poor poor τ of signal time between AB that obtains _aB, the poor τ of signal time between AC _aC, the poor τ of signal time between BC _bC, enter step S220;

Step S220, by each parameter substitution rubble flow location Calculation formula formula 1～formula 4, calculates rubble flow occurrence positions coordinate P (X _p, X _p), enter step S230:

$X_P=\frac{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}_{\mathrm{AB}}{\mathrm{\&tau;}}_{\mathrm{AC}}\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000466694200000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}{2}\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{AC}}^2-{\mathrm{AB}}^2+({{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}}-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}}){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000466694200000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2}{{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}}{\mathrm{AC}}^2-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}}{\mathrm{AB}}^2}}+\frac{2X_A+X_B+X_C}{4}$ Formula 1

$Y_P=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{({{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{Ac}}-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}})({\mathrm{AB}}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000466694200000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}})({\mathrm{AC}}^2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000466694200000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}^2{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}})}{{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}}{\mathrm{AC}}^2-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}}{\mathrm{AB}}^2}}+\frac{{2Y}_A+Y_B+Y_C}{4}$ Formula 2

AB ²=(X _a-X _b) ²+ (Y _a-Y _b) ²formula 3

AC ²=(X _a-X _c) ²+ (Y _a-Y _c) ²formula 4

In formula 1～formula 4, C is the aerial velocity of propagation of sound, m/s;

Step S230, determines according to step S220 result of calculation and the planimetric coordinates of rubble flow spot converts geographic coordinate to, is plotted on electronic chart, exits rubble flow spot finder.

In order to realize real-time location, need infrasonic monitoring sensor just the signal receiving to be transferred to Surveillance center at regular intervals.Usually, the circuit communication via satellite of infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive and Surveillance center, concrete as GPRS, 3G, internet etc.Consider the actual conditions of mountain area environment, the efficiency sending in order to improve data, avoids signal transmission delay long, affects the effect of Real-Time Monitoring, and it is excellent generally adopting 3G wireless network.Infrasonic monitoring sensor is passed data-signal back one time every 5s, to carry out real-time data analysis.

Rubble flow provided by the invention spot localization method is a kind of accurate positioning method of rubble flow scene, and the result that method is fed back after implementing is the accurate geographic coordinate that site occurs rubble flow.Take this rubble flow spot localization method as basis, the present invention further provides a kind of mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring, its technical scheme is as follows:

Each sensor primitive is beamed back infrasound signals to Surveillance center in real time, and communication cycle is time t; When being judged as after debris flow infrasound signal through debris flow infrasound signal screening program, carry out location, rubble flow spot, in position fixing process, determine the time point t for location, rubble flow spot in each infrasound sensor primitive data _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters motion path real-time monitor (RTM), and described motion path in real time monitoring comprises:

Step S310, the average amplitude of the up-to-date burst of beaming back a time t of sonic transducer primitive each time calculates in Surveillance center, if the equal > amplitude threshold of average amplitude enters step S320, otherwise enters step S360;

Step S320, puts each sensor primitive data t from last positioning time _n, N=1,2, the 3...n backward burst in time t is labeled as respectively burst N, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S330;

Step S330, by burst N, N=1,2,3...n makes cross-correlation analysis between two, obtains the delay interval of maximal correlation point position, enters step S340;

Step S340, according to sampling period and delay interval picked up signal sequence N, N=1, the mistiming Τ between 2,3...n _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S350;

Step S350, by mistiming Τ _n, N=1,2,3...n substitution location Calculation formula is determined the planimetric coordinates in the current site of rubble flow tap, converts geographic coordinate to, is plotted on electronic chart, enters step S360;

Step S360, is considered as mud-rock flow movement and stops, and exits motion path real-time monitor (RTM).

The ultimate principle of above-mentioned mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring technical scheme is the circulation of the rubble flow tap accurate positioning method of institute of the present invention technology.But in cycle calculations, because movement is not being stopped in rubble flow tap site, the sensor that receives at first infrasound signals in the location Calculation that therefore circulates is each time fixing.Such as classifying example as with triangle sensor array: originally, tap may be close to A sensor, from B, C away from.But along with flow, may from A more and more away from, from B, C more and more close to.Therefore, same rubble flow signal, originally, A first receives, B, C receive evening; But along with rubble flow flows, A may evening receives, B, C early receive.Therefore the mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring of, realizing based on rubble flow tap accurate positioning method need to solve in the above-mentioned poor technical matters of signal time of calculating in the situation that complicated and changeable.The know-why that the technical program addresses this problem is: first the burst of equal length is carried out to cross-correlation analysis between two, find out the location interval of related coefficient maximum, then according to interval and sampling period, calculate time delay (mistiming).

Above-mentioned mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring, if when system comprises 3 infrasound sensor primitives of arranging in triarray mode, its concrete technical scheme is as follows:

Each sensor primitive is beamed back infrasound signals to Surveillance center in real time, and communication cycle is time t; When being judged as after debris flow infrasound signal through debris flow infrasound signal screening program, carry out location, rubble flow spot; In position fixing process, determine the time point t that location occurs for rubble flow in each sensor primitive data _n, n=A, B, C, enter motion path real-time monitor (RTM), and described motion path in real time monitoring comprises:

Step S310, the average amplitude of the up-to-date burst of beaming back a communication cycle time t of each sensor primitive calculates in Surveillance center, if the equal > amplitude threshold of average amplitude enters step S320, stop otherwise be considered as mud-rock flow movement, exit real-time monitor (RTM);

Step S320, puts each sensor primitive data t from last positioning time _n, n=A, B, the C backward burst in time t are labeled as respectively burst 001, burst 002, burst 003, enter step S330;

Enter step S330, burst 001, burst 002, burst 003 are made to cross-correlation analysis between two, obtain the delay interval of maximal correlation point position, enter step S340;

Step S340, according to the mistiming Τ between sampling period and delay interval picked up signal sequence 001, burst 002 and burst 003 ₀₁₀₂, Τ ₀₁₀₃, Τ ₀₂₀₃, enter step S350;

Step S350, by mistiming Τ ₀₁₀₂, Τ ₀₁₀₃, Τ ₀₂₀₃substitution location Calculation formula is determined the planimetric coordinates in the current site of rubble flow tap, converts geographic coordinate to, is plotted on electronic chart, enters step S310.

Location, above-mentioned rubble flow spot is a kind of accurate location of rubble flow scene and the visualized method for supervising of motion process with motion path method for real-time monitoring, therefore can further be applied to the visual early warning of mud-stone flow disaster monitoring.Each pinpoint rubble flow leading position coordinate points is painted on electronic chart in real time, can realizes the visualization real-time monitoring of rubble flow.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: first (1) debris flow infrasound signal screening method has got rid of ground unrest interference in signal screening process, can effectively reduce rate of false alarm; In screening process by the unconventional strong signal receiving at first with after the unconventional strong signal that receives analyze along separate routes, adopt take the unconventional strong signal analysis that receives at first as main, after the unconventional strong signal that receives with reference to analysis as auxiliary method, divide two-way analyzing and processing simultaneously by multi-sensor collection signal, under the prerequisite that guarantees identification accuracy, improved signal analysis speed; Both the signal source advantage of having utilized multisensor array to arrange in screening process, has avoided again arranging the signal phase mutual interference causing and the defect of conflicting and signal processing delays because of multisensor array; On the whole, debris flow infrasound signal screening method has been considered the disturbing factor of impact based on debris flow infrasound early warning accuracy, and signal screening examination result accuracy is high.(2) rubble flow spot localization method is the accurate positioning method of a kind of rubble flow spot, rubble flow can be occurred to for site and be fed back to geographic coordinate accurately; Spot localization method provides quick calculating signal time poor method simultaneously.(3) mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring can be monitored in real time to mud-rock flow movement path, is geographic coordinate accurately by leading position Real-time Feedback; Motion path method for real-time monitoring has also solved fixation of sensor circulation in the accurate positioning analysis of moving target infrasound signals is determined and calculated the poor problem of signal time.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1-1st, debris flow infrasound signal screening method logic diagram.

Fig. 1-2 is the each waveform sensor figure of embodiment mono-.

Fig. 1-3rd, the power spectral density plot of embodiment mono-A sensor.

Fig. 2-1st, rubble flow generation localization method principle schematic.

Fig. 2-2nd, embodiment bis-location, rubble flow spot oscillograms.

Fig. 3-1st, process flow diagram is monitored in mud-rock flow movement path in real time.

Fig. 3-2nd, oscillogram in a period of time in motion process.

Fig. 3-3rd, the real-time monitoring effect figure of rubble flow operational process.

Fig. 4 is debris flow infrasound monitoring system general flow schematic diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described.

Embodiment mono-

As shown in Figure 1, rubble flow in certain catchment basin of debris flow is carried out to infrasonic monitoring, by the inventive method screening rubble flow generation infrasound signals.

1, monitoring system layout

Determine A, B, tri-sites of C at catchment basin of debris flow periphery, coordinate is respectively: place A(WGS84 terrestrial coordinate: N26 ° of 16'59.96 "; E103 ° of 10'31.73 "), place B(WGS84 terrestrial coordinate: N26 ° of 16'56.64 "; E103 ° of 11'26.89 "), place C(WGS84 terrestrial coordinate: N26 ° of 14'42.61, E103 ° of 8'4.22 ").Convert three site terrestrial coordinates to Beijing 54 planimetric coordinatess, be respectively: place A(2909549.78466876,317751.599722409), place B(2909437.15689932,319281.150755059), place C(2905390.78996434,313597.0105219), unit is m.Arrange respectively an infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive in three sites.

Each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive includes infrasonic sound receiving sensor, satellite time transfer module, data recordin module, supply module, wireless transport module etc.Each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive is selected same size model, sensitivity 50mv/Pa, and frequency 2Hz-20Hz combination, with the measuring unit that prime amplifier forms, can measure 2Hz-20Hz voice signal and press power supply type.Output signal is voltage signal, and this voltage signal and acoustic pressure are linear relationships.Surveillance center comprises the server that receives signal data, is provided with according to the PC of the debris flow early-warning system of the inventive method development, with server real-time Communication for Power, reads the data that record on server.The sample frequency of infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive is 80Hz, and between Surveillance center, passes through 3G network real-time communication, infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive communication cycle t=5s, the infrasound signals that every 5s collects to Surveillance center's transmission primaries.

2, debris flow infrasound signal screening

Screening process as Figure 1-1.

In the situation that there is not rubble flow, Surveillance center is according to the infrasound signals that collects, and the average amplitude before calculating sensor A, B, C in 24h, respectively as the amplitude threshold of sensors A, B, C.The amplitude threshold of sensors A, B, C is respectively: 3.6mv, 4.2mv, 4.7mv., Surveillance center has started to receive abnormal strong infrasound signals within 23h43m32s～37s time period, and the signal amplitude of sensors A, B, C is all greater than amplitude threshold separately, as shown in Figure 1-2.First infrasonic monitoring sensors A monitors unconventional strong signal, and infrasonic monitoring sensor B, C have also received unconventional strong signal successively.Infrasonic monitoring sensors A, B, C respond the time that first crest appears in this infrasound signals, and initial time respectively: 32.65s, 33.70s, 35.60s.Signal in 37s～42s time period that Surveillance center receives is always in strong state, and the duration has all exceeded 5s(A sensor: 32.65s～42.65s; B sensor: 33.70s～43.70s; C sensor: 35.60s～45.60s).To being placed in the infrasound signals that the infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive of place A receives, to try to achieve excellent frequency be 6.046Hz(Fig. 1-3), acoustic pressure is 0.64Pa～6.32Pa.The signal correction degree that interior three the infrasonic monitoring sensor primitives of this 5s receive is higher, and related coefficient is 0.86.Therefore can be considered debris flow infrasound signal.

Embodiment bis-

As shown in Fig. 2-1, the screening completing at embodiment mono-is determined in rubble flow generation basis of signals, with the inventive method location rubble flow scene.

Scan all amplitude-time waveform figures (Fig. 2-2) of each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive generation in early stage, find out the time point corresponding to crest of first amplitude maximum in each oscillogram, respectively: 23: 43: 33.375, A place, 23: 43: 34.425, B place, 23: 43: 36.325, C place.

A point, B point, C point, mistiming τ between each site _aB=1.050s, τ _aC=2.950s, τ _bC=1.900s.

By τ _aB=1.050s, τ _aC=2.950s, τ _bC=1.900s, X _a=2909549.78466876, Y _a=317751.599722409, X _b=2909437.15689932, Y _b=319281.150755059, X _c=2905390.78996434, Y _c=313597.0105219 substitution formula 1～formulas 4, the planimetric coordinates of calculative determination debris flow occurrence position P is: X _p=2909183.81121983, Y _p=319931.637509768, convert the terrestrial coordinate under WGS84 coordinate system to: latitude is N26 ° of 16'48.71 ", longitude is E103 ° of 11'50.45 ".

Embodiment tri-

As shown in Fig. 3-1, complete on basis, rubble flow scene location at embodiment bis-, monitor in real time mud-rock flow movement whole process by the inventive method.

Accurately, after the rubble flow scene of location, in rubble flow subsequent motion process, each place infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive Real-time Collection debris flow infrasound data transmission is to Surveillance center, and flow process is monitored in real time as shown in Fig. 3-1 in mud-rock flow movement path.

Each sensor primitive is beamed back infrasound signals to Surveillance center in real time, and the data cycle is 5s.The rubble flow carrying out at embodiment bis-has been determined the time point t that location occurs for rubble flow in each sensor primitive data in locating _a=23h43m33.375s, t _b=23h43m34.425s, t _c=23h43m36.325s.Enter following steps:

Step S310, each sensor primitive calculates and beams back the average amplitude of the burst of up-to-date one section of 5s (burst in 47s～52s time period) in Surveillance center.The average amplitude of sensor primitive A is 274.643mv, and the average amplitude of sensor primitive B is 72.261mv, and the average amplitude of sensor primitive C is 37.586mv.The average amplitude of sensor primitive A, B, C is all greater than amplitude threshold separately.Meanwhile, the leading distance A sensor primitive of known now rubble flow recently,, distance C sensor primitive near apart from B sensor primitive farthest, continue real-time monitor (RTM).

Step S320, puts each sensor primitive data t from last positioning time _a, t _b, t _cburst in 5s is labeled as respectively burst A, burst B, burst C backward, that is,

Last A sensor primitive is 33.375 seconds for the time point of locating, B sensor primitive is 34.425 seconds for the time point of locating, C sensor primitive is 36.325 seconds for the time point of locating, therefore, burst in 33.375s～38.375s time period that note sensor primitive A beams back is burst A, burst in 34.425s～39.425s time period that note sensor primitive B beams back is burst B, and the burst in 36.325s s～41.325s time period that note sensor primitive C beams back is burst C.

Enter step S330, burst A, B, C are made to cross-correlation analysis between two, obtain the delay interval of maximal correlation point position.

Step S340, calculates mistiming Τ according to delay interval and sampling period _aB=0.8625s, Τ _aC=2.4s, Τ _bC=1.5375s.

Step S350, the planimetric coordinates that convolution 1～formula 4 calculates the current location of rubble flow tap is: X _p=2909255.95024494, Y _p=318238.227924995, convert the terrestrial coordinate under WGS84 coordinate system to: latitude is N26 ° of 16'44.33 ", longitude is E103 ° of 11'49.73 ".

Enter step S310 and carry out cycle calculations, until the average amplitude of sensors A, B, C while having at least one to be less than separately amplitude threshold, stops monitoring and quits a program.

Fig. 3-2nd, oscillogram in a period of time in motion process.Fig. 3-3rd, the real-time monitoring effect schematic diagram in mud-rock flow movement path.

Confirm location, rubble flow of the present invention spot and the location of real-time monitoring system and the monitored results of motion path and basically identical in the true rubble flow event occurring in measuring and calculating place by on-site inspection.Rubble flow approximately moves after 2.5km and stops, and is not flushed to the downstream in basin.

Fig. 4 is debris flow infrasound monitoring system general flow schematic diagram.Show by debris flow infrasound signal screening method of the present invention, rubble flow spot localization method, the integrated system ensemble operational process of mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring.

Claims (10)

1. a debris flow infrasound signal screening method, monitors for rubble flow, it is characterized in that:

Infrasound sensor primitive is arranged in rubble flow generation monitored space with array way, each time sonic transducer primitive respectively with Surveillance center's real-time Communication for Power, communication cycle is time t, Surveillance center records all infrasound sensor primitive signals and carries out Treatment Analysis;

Surveillance center is in the front 24h average amplitude without there is rubble flow in the situation that scanning and calculate sonic transducer primitive each time and beam back burst, the amplitude threshold using front 24h average amplitude as this sonic transducer primitive;

Surveillance center's real time scan calculates the amplitude of each signal that sonic transducer primitive is beamed back each time, if certain infrasound sensor primitive A is from moment T _arise and receive unconventional strong signal, Surveillance center's enabling signal discriminating program, otherwise deletion record data; The signal that described unconventional strong signal is signal amplitude > amplitude threshold, described signal discriminating program comprises:

Step S111, from time T _ain the time T 1 rising, if infrasound sensor primitive A continues to occur that unconventional strong signal all appears in unconventional strong signal and other infrasound sensor primitives, enter step S112, otherwise enter step S122; Described time T 1 maximal value is value and the communication cycle t sum of infrasound sensor primitive spacing maximal value divided by the velocity of sound;

Step S112, determines that the moment T of unconventional strong signal appears in each infrasound sensor primitive _x, enter step S113;

Step S113, if there is the latest unconventional strong signal duration >=t that the infrasound sensor primitive of unconventional strong signal receives, enters step S114, otherwise enters step S122;

Step S114, by all infrasound sensor primitives from its moment T _aor T _xburst in time t is made cross-correlation analysis backward, if related coefficient >0.7 enters step S115, otherwise enters step S122;

Step S115, by infrasound sensor primitive A from time T _aplay the burst in time t backward obtains signal excellent frequency through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), if excellent frequency within the scope of 5HZ～10HZ and sound pressure level in 0.1Pa～0.5 ^-4within the scope of Pa, enter step S121, otherwise enter step S122;

Step S121, is judged as debris flow infrasound signal, and Surveillance center preserves the record data of all infrasound sensor primitives, exits signal discriminating program;

Step S122, is judged as non-debris flow infrasound signal, and all record data of all infrasound sensor primitives are deleted by Surveillance center, exit signal discriminating program.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described communication cycle t is 5s.。

3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: at least 3 infrasonic monitoring sensor primitives are arranged with array way.

4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive is at a distance of 1000m～2000m.

5. a rubble flow generation localization method that utilizes the debris flow infrasound signal screening method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 to realize, is characterized in that:

Arrange N infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive, N>=3 in area where mud-rock flow is liable to occur with array way; Determine that infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive planimetric coordinates is respectively N (X _n, Y _n), N=1,2,3...n, determines each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive spacing L _n, N=1,2,3...n; Surveillance center receives infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal in real time, when judge monitoring section occur rubble flow occur infrasound signals time start rubble flow spot finder, described rubble flow spot finder comprises:

Step S210, Surveillance center receives infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal in real time, in the time judging that monitoring section exists the infrasound signals that rubble flow occurs, process the each infrasonic monitoring sensor of each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal acquisition primitive and respond the mistiming τ of same signal _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S220;

Step S220, with each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive spacing L _n, N=1,2,3...n, each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive respond the mistiming τ of same signal _n, N=1,2,3...n, the aerial velocity of propagation C of sound are basis, utilize each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive geometric relationship to calculate the planimetric coordinates of rubble flow occurrence positions, enter step S230;

Step S230, determines according to step S220 result of calculation and is plotted in the geographic coordinate of rubble flow spot on electronic chart, exits rubble flow spot finder.

6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described step S210 implements according to following steps:

Step S211, each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive is scanned from starting to receive the unconventional strong signal burst in time t backward in Surveillance center, determines crest or the corresponding time t of trough of first amplitude maximum in each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive burst _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters S212;

Step S212, by the time t of each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive _n, N=1,2,3...n makes the poor poor τ of signal time between each infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive that obtains mutually _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S220.

7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that:

N=3, arranges infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive A, infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive B, infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive C in area where mud-rock flow is liable to occur in triangular array mode, determines that planimetric coordinates is respectively A (X _a, Y _a), B (X _b, Y _b), C (X _c, Y _c), determine infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive spacing AB, AC, BC; Surveillance center receives infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive signal in real time, and communication cycle is time t, when judge monitoring section occur rubble flow occur infrasound signals time start rubble flow generation finder, described rubble flow generation finder comprises:

In described step S211, Surveillance center scanning is calculated each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive from starting to receive the unconventional strong signal burst in time t backward, determines crest or the corresponding time t of trough of first amplitude maximum in each infrasonic sound monitoring sensor primitive burst _a, t _b, t _c, enter S212; ;

In described step S212, by t _a, t _b, t _cmutually make the poor poor τ of signal time between AB that obtains _aB, the poor τ of signal time between AC _aC, the poor τ of signal time between BC _bC, enter step S220;

In described step S220, by each parameter substitution rubble flow location Calculation formula formula 1～formula 4, calculate rubble flow occurrence positions coordinate P (X _p, X _p), enter step S230:

$X_P=\frac{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}_{\mathrm{AB}}{\mathrm{\&tau;}}_{\mathrm{AC}}C}{2}\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{AC}}^2-{\mathrm{AB}}^2+({{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}}-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}})C^2}{{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}}{\mathrm{AC}}^2-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}}{\mathrm{AB}}^2}}+\frac{2X_A+X_B+X_C}{4}$ Formula 1

$Y_P=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{({{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{Ac}}-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}})({\mathrm{AB}}^2-C^2{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}})({\mathrm{AC}}^2-C^2{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}})}{{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AB}}{\mathrm{AC}}^2-{{\mathrm{\&tau;}}^2}_{\mathrm{AC}}{\mathrm{AB}}^2}}+\frac{{2Y}_A+Y_B+Y_C}{4}$ Formula 2

AB ²=(X _a-X _b) ²+ (Y _a-Y _b) ²formula 3

AC ²=(X _a-X _c) ²+ (Y _a-Y _c) ²formula 4

In formula 1～formula 4, C is the aerial velocity of propagation of sound, m/s.

8. a mud-rock flow movement path method for real-time monitoring that utilizes the rubble flow generation localization method described in claim 6 or 7 to realize, is characterized in that:

Each sensor primitive is beamed back infrasound signals to Surveillance center in real time, and communication cycle is time t; When being judged as after debris flow infrasound signal through debris flow infrasound signal screening program, carry out location, rubble flow spot, in position fixing process, determine the time point t for location, rubble flow spot in each infrasound sensor primitive data _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters motion path real-time monitor (RTM), and described motion path in real time monitoring comprises:

Step S310, the average amplitude of the up-to-date burst of beaming back a time t of sonic transducer primitive each time calculates in Surveillance center, if the equal > amplitude threshold of average amplitude enters step S320, otherwise enters step S360;

Step S320, puts each sensor primitive data t from last positioning time _n, N=1,2, the 3...n backward burst in time t is labeled as respectively burst N, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S330;

Enter step S330, by burst N, N=1,2,3...n makes cross-correlation analysis between two, obtains the delay interval of maximal correlation point position, enters step S340;

Step S340, according to sampling period and delay interval picked up signal sequence N, N=1, the mistiming Τ between 2,3...n _n, N=1,2,3...n, enters step S350;

Step S350, by mistiming Τ _n, N=1,2,3...n substitution location Calculation formula is determined the planimetric coordinates in the current site of rubble flow tap, converts geographic coordinate to, is plotted on electronic chart, enters step S360;

Step S360, is considered as mud-rock flow movement and stops, and exits motion path real-time monitor (RTM).

9. according to the method described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that: circuit communication via satellite between infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive and Surveillance center.

10. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: circuit communication via satellite between infrasonic monitoring sensor primitive and Surveillance center.

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