CN110082819A - A kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method - Google Patents
A kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110082819A CN110082819A CN201910428187.8A CN201910428187A CN110082819A CN 110082819 A CN110082819 A CN 110082819A CN 201910428187 A CN201910428187 A CN 201910428187A CN 110082819 A CN110082819 A CN 110082819A
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
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- G01V1/001—Acoustic presence detection
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method, comprising the following steps: arranges several infrasonic monitoring equipment in monitoring region, and determines its distance between any two；The signal that infrasonic monitoring equipment monitoring arrives described in real-time reception；When judging that the infrasound signals generated when slip mass rupture occurs in monitoring section, the positioning of slip mass catastrophe position is carried out.The present invention can be realized the accurate positionin of slip mass catastrophe position；It is able to carry out real-time live monitoring and positioning；Relatively reliable foundation can be provided for landslide infrasonic monitoring early warning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring technology for geological hazards field, specifically a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method.
Background technique
Since landslide o earth slope body in sliding process, because of the changing of the relative positions of soil particle, friction and can be crushed germinating to the end
And release it is with certain frequency, propagation stable in the air and the infrasound of important geological information can be contained.Slip mass exists
The infrasound signal that evolution process generates when, have its specific characteristic, infrasonic spread speed and atmospheric density, pressure on frequency domain
Power etc. is unrelated, only related with temperature, and its acoustic emission source is spherical wave, non-directional, is to all the winds propagated.This
Outside, infrasonic sound have penetration power it is strong, by air and water viscous effect it is weak, distortion and energy attenuation are not susceptible in communication process
The features such as minimum, can provide advantage for landslide infrasound source remote distance monitoring.Therefore, using infrasound signals the characteristics of,
Infrasound sensor can receive the infrasound signals that slip mass generates in Catastrophe Process.Therefore, it is possible to by slip mass catastrophe
The infrasound generated in the process, which is monitored, obtains certain lead to realize alarm, can at least shift to an earlier date 10 minutes.
The prior art using infrasonic monitoring landslide disaster is mainly: being supervised by disposing one or more infrasound sensors
Some landslide Yi Faqu is surveyed, to judge whether landslide disaster will occur in the region.However, the infrasonic monitoring skill that comes down at present
There are a critical issue urgent need to resolve for art: can only determine the approximate region on landslide, but cannot achieve slip mass catastrophe position
It is accurately positioned.
The prior art " localization method, path monitoring method occur for debris flow infrasound signal screening method " (Liu Dunlong,
2014) disclose it is a kind of debris flow infrasound signal is screened using infrasonic sound, spot positioning and motion path monitoring side
Method.This method chooses 3 monitoring places for being easy to receive debris flow infrasound signal, each point installation in the domain of area where mud-rock flow is liable to occur
1 infrasound sensor, constitutes a triangle battle array, and array element spacing is 1~2Km.According to the feature of the infrasound signals of acquisition, differentiate
Whether the signal received comes from mud-rock flow, if coming from mud-rock flow, the time difference that each array element receives infrasonic sound is calculated, according to base
In the generation position of the auditory localization algorithm estimation mud-rock flow of sodar time difference.
If this method be applied to landslide monitoring early warning, at least exist two aspect defects: one, come down infrasound signals feature with
Debris flow infrasound signal characteristic is entirely different, and effective landslide infrasound signals can not be directly obtained using existing method；Two, sliding
For slope infrasound signals compared with debris flow infrasound weak output signal, array element spacing is too big, each monitoring device can not get it is effective and in compared with
The landslide infrasound signals of strong correlation.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of landslides
Infrasound signals source localization method.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is: a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method, packet
Include following steps:
Several infrasonic monitoring equipment are arranged in monitoring region, and determine its distance between any two；
The signal that infrasonic monitoring equipment monitoring arrives described in real-time reception；
When judging that the infrasound signals generated when slip mass rupture occurs in monitoring section, the positioning of slip mass catastrophe position is carried out.
The infrasonic monitoring equipment is arranged in unstable slope body periphery.
The infrasound signals generated when slip mass rupture are monitored in all infrasonic monitoring equipment, judge that monitoring section is slided
The infrasound signals that slopes generate when rupturing.
The positioning of slip mass catastrophe position, comprising the following steps:
The signal segment for choosing one of infrasonic monitoring equipment acquisition, is set as reference signal section；
Obtain other infrasonic monitoring equipment signal sequence collected within the reference signal period, each signal sequence with
Reference signal section has the sampled point of identical quantity；
Framing windowing process is carried out to the signal segment that each infrasonic monitoring equipment acquires using the Hamming window of half overlapping；
According to the dominant frequency range of landslide infrasound signals every frame signal is subjected to bandpass filtering treatment respectively, only retains landslide time
Major frequency components in acoustical signal；
The related coefficient of reference signal section Yu each signal sequence is estimated using Crosspower spectrum phase Time Delay Estimation Algorithms；
If related coefficient is less than correlation coefficient threshold, then it is assumed that this three segment signal does not have correlation, before the reference signal section
Several sampling point deletions, the sampling equal with quantity is deleted that subsequent sampled point acquires next time with the infrasonic monitoring equipment
Point is incorporated as new reference signal section, returns and obtains other infrasonic monitoring equipment letter collected within the reference signal period
Number sequence step, otherwise continues location Calculation；
Every two infrasonic sounds prison is obtained in conjunction with sample frequency by the interval sampling number between every two segment signals sequence
Signal time between measurement equipment is poor；
Calculate the plan-position coordinate of landslide catastrophe；
The plan-position coordinate is converted into geographical coordinate.
It is 1000 sampled points that the Hamming window of half overlapping, which uses frame to move as 500 sampled points, length,.
The dominant frequency range of the landslide infrasonic sound is 0.5~6Hz, and the low-pass cut-off frequencies of the bandpass filtering treatment are
0.5Hz, high pass cut off frequency 6Hz.
The correlation coefficient threshold is 0.5.
It is described by the interval sampling number, in conjunction with sample frequency, when obtaining the signal of every two infrasonic monitoring equipment rooms
Between it is poor, specifically:
When calculating the maximum correlation coefficient of two segment signals, and obtaining the maximum correlation coefficient, what this two segment signal was separated by
Sampling number, in conjunction with sample frequency, so that it may determine the time difference.
The plan-position coordinate for calculating slip mass catastrophe, specifically:
In formula, plane coordinates of the target sound source point P under 1980 coordinate system of Xi'an is (x, y), infrasonic monitoring equipment A, B, C
Plane coordinates be respectively A (XA, YA)、B(XB, YB)、C(XC, YC), υ * τBC=m, υ * τAC=n, τACIt is infrasonic monitoring equipment A, C
Between signal time is poor, τBCIt is that signal time is poor between infrasonic monitoring equipment B, C, v is the aerial spread speed of sound.
It further include that the geographical coordinate is plotted on electronic topographic map.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, it can be realized the accurate positionin of slip mass catastrophe position.
2, real-time live monitoring and positioning are able to carry out.
3, relatively reliable foundation can be provided for landslide infrasonic monitoring early warning.
4, the method for the present invention is suitable for landslide o earth slope, can equally be well applied to rock landslip, only needs according to rock landslip
Dominant frequency range carry out bandpass filtering treatment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is infrasonic monitoring array plane schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the signal graph that three monitoring devices receive in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Overall step of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.Landslide is divided into two class of landslide o earth slope and rock landslip by component, this
The embodiment of invention mainly introduces landslide o earth slope, and this method is equally applicable to rock landslip.The embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Unstable slope body periphery in a manner of triangular array (can also by other arrays, such as four, five or
The array that more sensors are put into is also possible to three-dimensional array, but the present embodiment is put using using three sensors
At triarray) arrangement infrasonic monitoring equipment A, B, C, determine that plane coordinates is respectively A (XA, YA)、B(XB, YB)、C(XC,
YC), infrasonic monitoring equipment spacing AB, AC, BC are determined, if AB=a, BC=b, AC=c (Fig. 2)；Monitoring center real-time reception
The signal that sound monitoring device monitors, the starting landslide calamity when judging that the infrasound signals generated when slip mass rupture occurs in monitoring section
Finder is set in displacement.
The sample frequency of infrasonic monitoring equipment is 100Hz (100 sampled points of acquisition per second), we formulate every 30 seconds and carry out
Positions calculations, i.e., by 3000 sampled points, (in the identical situation of signal-to-noise ratio, signal segment is longer, and time delay estimates performance
Better.But signal segment is longer, and the time is also longer.Comprehensively consider time delay estimation performance and positions the demand of real-time, this implementation
Example is using 3000 sampled points as a segment signal) carrying out time delay estimation, (each infrasonic monitoring equipment is 3000 samplings
Point), using 3000 sampled points as a signal segment.Landslide catastrophe position finder includes:
(1) if three monitoring devices, which are sentenced, knows monitoring region appearance landslide infrasound signals out, the sample frequency of monitoring device
It for 100Hz, sets every 30s and carries out a positions calculations, i.e., using 3000 sampled points as a signal segment, choose wherein one
The signal segment of monitoring device acquisition, is set as reference signal section；
(2) signal segment of another two monitoring devices, i.e. other two monitoring device institute within the reference signal period are obtained
The signal sequence of acquisition (each sequence is 3000 sampled points).
(3) received to each monitoring device using the Hamming window (frame moves 500 sampled points, 1000 sampled point of length) of half overlapping
Infrasound signals carry out framing windowing process；Every frame signal is carried out respectively bandpass filtering treatment (low-pass cut-off frequencies 0.5Hz,
High pass cut off frequency is 6Hz), the major frequency components only retained in the infrasound signals of landslide can be to reduce ambient noise interference to the greatest extent
Time delay Estimation Accuracy is improved to a certain extent；
(4) using Crosspower spectrum phase Time Delay Estimation Algorithms, (the broad sense correlation time-delay estimate algorithm weighted through PHAT, can
With reference to https: //wenku.baidu.com/view/51c2315e0722192e4436f64a.html) reference signal section is divided
Cross-correlation analysis, i.e. the method related coefficient that estimates reference signal Yu other two segment signal are not carried out with other two segment signal；
(5) if related coefficient >=0.5 (correlation coefficient threshold), continue location Calculation, otherwise it is assumed that this three sections
Signal does not have correlation, will be under 2000 sampled points subsequent in reference signal section and the monitoring device without location Calculation
The signal (1000 sampled points) of one 10s acquisition merges, as new reference signal section (being still 3000 sampled points), from
Step (2) starts to repeat the process；
(6) pass through above-mentioned cross-correlation analysis, in conjunction with sample frequency, signal time difference τ between available ABAB, signal between AC
Time difference τAC, signal time difference τ between BCBC, and τAB+τBC=τAC；
When calculating the maximum correlation coefficient of two segment signals, and calculating the maximum correlation coefficient, the interval of this two segment signal
(for example two segment signals are respectively a and b, and using a as reference data, when b differs a sampled point with a, available maximal correlation
Coefficient), in conjunction with sample frequency, so that it may determine the time difference.
(7) landslide catastrophe position, i.e. plane coordinates of the target sound source point P under 1980 coordinate system of Xi'an are (x, y), will be each
Parameter substitutes into target sound source point location calculating formula 1, calculates the position coordinates of landslide catastrophe；
In formula, υ * τBc=m, υ * τACThe aerial spread speed of=n, v sound, takes 340m/s；
(8) plane coordinates that slip mass catastrophe position is determined according to step (6) calculated result, is converted into WGS84 coordinate system
Under geographical coordinate, be plotted on electronic topographic map, realize landslide catastrophe position positioning.
Case study on implementation:
By carrying out landslide experiment in the field environment, tri- sites A, B, C, coordinate point are determined near unstable slope
Be not: place A (WGS84 geodetic coordinates: N26 ° 15 ' 5.368 ", E103 ° 8 ' 24.954 "), place B (WGS84 geodetic coordinates:
N26 ° 15 ' 3.749 ", E103 ° 8 ' 22.153 "), place C (WGS84 geodetic coordinates: N26 ° 15 ' 3.325 ", E103 ° 8 '
25.263″).Three site geodetic coordinates are converted into 1980 plane coordinates of Xi'an, are respectively as follows: place A
(2905200.0533403372,613921.21751432528), place B (2905149.5375428502,
613843.91591720481), place C (2905137.2468037494,613930.34725353075), unit m.At this
Three points dispose a landslide infrasonic monitoring equipment respectively.
Each landslide infrasonic monitoring equipment includes infrasonic sound receiving sensor, satellite time transfer module, data recordin module, power supply
Module, wireless transport module etc..Each receiving sensor selects same size model, sensitivity 50mv/Pa, frequency 2Hz-200Hz
Combination, the measuring unit formed with preamplifier, can measure the voice signal in 2Hz-200Hz frequency range.Output signal is
Voltage signal, the voltage signal and acoustic pressure are linear relationships.
In interval of time during the experiment (30s), three monitoring devices, which are sentenced, knows slip mass rupture production
The monitoring signals of raw infrasound signals, each monitoring device are as shown in Figure 3.Using half overlapping Hamming window (frame move 500 sampled points,
1000 sampled point of length) framing windowing process is carried out to the received infrasound signals of each monitoring device；When using Crosspower spectrum phase
Prolong algorithm for estimating estimated three monitoring devices reception signal related coefficient 0.78 or more, there is stronger correlation
Property, and A point, B point, C point are estimated, the time difference τ between themAB=-0.096s, τAC=-0.118s, τBC=-0.022s.
By τAB=-0.096s, τAC=-0.118s, τBC=-0.022s, XA=2905200.0533403372, YA=
613921.21751432528；XB=2905149.5375428502, YB=613843.91591720481；XC=
2905137.2468037494、YC=613930.34725353075 substitute into formula 1, calculate and determine that slip mass catastrophe position P's is flat
Areal coordinate is: XP=2905197.1192605873, YP=613888.629420375, the earth being converted under WGS84 coordinate system
Coordinate: latitude is N 26 ° 15 ' 5.282 ", longitude is E103 ° 8 ' 23.779 ".It is E that the position of true slip mass rupture, which is longitude,
103 ° 8 ' 23.912 ", N26 ° 15 ' 5.34 ", the difference of position location and actual position is 4.2m, gap very little, with truth ratio
Relatively it coincide, it completely can meet demand.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method, which comprises the following steps:
Several infrasonic monitoring equipment are arranged in monitoring region, and determine its distance between any two；
The signal that infrasonic monitoring equipment monitoring arrives described in real-time reception；
When judging that the infrasound signals generated when slip mass rupture occurs in monitoring section, the positioning of slip mass catastrophe position is carried out.
2. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the infrasonic monitoring is set
It is standby to be arranged in unstable slope body periphery.
3. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in all infrasonic monitorings
Equipment monitors the infrasound signals generated when slip mass rupture, judges that the infrasonic sound generated when slip mass rupture occurs in monitoring section is believed
Number.
4. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the slip mass catastrophe
Position positioning, comprising the following steps:
The signal segment for choosing one of infrasonic monitoring equipment acquisition, is set as reference signal section；
Obtain other infrasonic monitoring equipment signal sequence collected within the reference signal period, each signal sequence and benchmark
Signal segment has the sampled point of identical quantity；
Framing windowing process is carried out to the signal segment that each infrasonic monitoring equipment acquires using the Hamming window of half overlapping；
According to the dominant frequency range of landslide infrasound signals every frame signal is subjected to bandpass filtering treatment respectively, only retains landslide infrasonic sound letter
Major frequency components in number；
The related coefficient of reference signal section Yu each signal sequence is estimated using Crosspower spectrum phase Time Delay Estimation Algorithms；If phase
Relationship number is less than correlation coefficient threshold, then it is assumed that this three segment signal does not have correlation, will be several before the reference signal section
A sampling point deletion, the sampled point equal with quantity is deleted that subsequent sampled point acquires next time with the infrasonic monitoring equipment close
And as new reference signal section, returns and obtain other infrasonic monitoring equipment signal sequence collected within the reference signal period
Column step, otherwise continues location Calculation；
It obtains every two infrasonic monitorings in conjunction with sample frequency by the interval sampling number between every two segment signals sequence and sets
Signal time between standby is poor；
Calculate the plan-position coordinate of landslide catastrophe；
The plan-position coordinate is converted into geographical coordinate.
5. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the Chinese of half overlapping
It is 1000 sampled points that bright window, which uses frame to move as 500 sampled points, length,.
6. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the landslide infrasonic sound
Dominant frequency range is 0.5~6Hz, and the low-pass cut-off frequencies of the bandpass filtering treatment are 0.5Hz, high pass cut off frequency 6Hz.
7. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the related coefficient threshold
Value is 0.5.
8. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described by between described
Every hits, in conjunction with sample frequency, the signal time for obtaining every two infrasonic monitoring equipment rooms is poor, specifically:
When calculating the maximum correlation coefficient of two segment signals, and obtaining the maximum correlation coefficient, sampling that this two segment signal is separated by
Points, in conjunction with sample frequency, so that it may determine the time difference.
9. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the calculating slip mass
The plan-position coordinate of catastrophe, specifically:
In formula, plane coordinates of the target sound source point P under 1980 coordinate system of Xi'an is (x, y), and infrasonic monitoring equipment A, B, C's is flat
Areal coordinate is respectively A (XA, YA)、B(XB, YB)、C(XC, YC), υ * τBC=m, υ * τAC=n, τACIt is to believe between infrasonic monitoring equipment A, C
Number time difference, τBCIt is that signal time is poor between infrasonic monitoring equipment B, C, v is the aerial spread speed of sound.
10. a kind of landslide infrasound signals source localization method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further including will be described
Geographical coordinate is plotted on electronic topographic map.
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Application publication date: 20190802 |