CN116973844B - Dykes and dams termite nest positioning device based on low frequency sound pulse - Google Patents
Dykes and dams termite nest positioning device based on low frequency sound pulse Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/18—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves
- G01S5/22—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dam termite nest positioning device based on low-frequency sound pulse; the system comprises a plurality of sound detection sensors, a plurality of power supply and data transmission cables, a data acquisition amplifier, a direct current power supply, a USB signal wire, a notebook computer and a positioning calculation processing software system; the arrangement points of the sound detection sensors are far away from a single straight line; the power supply and data transmission cables are in star connection with the sound detection sensors by taking the data acquisition amplifier as a center; the direct current power supply supplies power to the data acquisition amplifier; the data acquisition amplifier is provided with a high-frequency timer, receives and amplifies the signal of the sound detection sensor, temporarily stores and transmits a time domain signal outwards; the USB signal line transmits the signal of the data acquisition amplifier to the notebook computer; the notebook computer stores the data, and solves the data through a positioning and resolving processing software system to find the same low-frequency sound pulse signals detected by different sensor sources, and calculates the distance difference according to the time lag of the same pulse signal in the homology, so as to position the low-frequency sound wave data signal source, namely termite nest.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a dam termite nest positioning device based on low-frequency sound pulses, which integrates multiple processing functions of sound source signal acquisition, amplification, filtering, signal conversion, positioning and the like.
Background
Termites are one of five pests in the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. The dam animals such as termites are widely distributed, and the dam has the characteristics of strong concealment, repeatability, long-term property, irreversibility and the like on the damages of the reservoir dam and the dyke, so that the surface of the dam is quite good, and in practice, the dam has a thousand-sore hole, and the dam is nested and drilled in the dam, so that leakage, piping, nest falling and even dike-breaking break down are extremely easy to induce under high water level, and the dam is an important hidden danger for influencing the safety of hydraulic engineering such as the reservoir dam and the river dyke.
The existing excavation backfill treatment or grouting treatment measures are established on the basis of accurate detection of underground buried nest. However, although the fact that termite nest exists nearby can be mastered according to ground indicators in site census and inspection, the existing detection technology comprising various geophysical prospecting technologies such as ground penetrating radar, high density resistivity and the like is difficult to identify termite nest in a highly-variability dam soil environment because the average geophysical prospecting parameter of termite nest frames and internal pores of the termite nest frames and the geophysical prospecting parameter difference of surrounding soil bodies are not mastered, and termite nest embedded in a dam cannot be accurately and efficiently detected and positioned.
On the one hand, termites are highly colonial insects, a single termite main nest often contains tens of thousands of termites, the sound generated by a group consisting of the termites is mainly eating and alarming, the sound does not exist continuously all the time in a time domain, and the sound is a low-frequency pulse sound wave signal with the frequency of 1-2000kHz; on the other hand, due to the scarcity of living resources, each termite main nest tends to be at a distance, typically above 20m, from other main nests. When the detection range is within 20m square each time, the termite main nest in the range can be basically ensured to be not more than 1.
The existing acoustic detection method has obvious defects: firstly, sound activity detection based on a single sensor can only complete simple activity inspection, and positioning of specific positions of sound sources cannot be achieved, secondly, a multi-path cross switch is adopted to switch and select input signals, and synchronous acquisition of multi-path input signals is not achieved.
According to the dam termite nest positioning device based on low-frequency sound pulse, the termite nest space position is obtained through calculation by simultaneously measuring the distance difference between the termite main nest generating sound and the plurality of sound wave sensors, and effective positioning of the termite nest is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device for positioning the termite nest of a dam based on low-frequency sound pulses, which is characterized in that the low-frequency pulse sound waves emitted by the termite activity of the dam are received by a sound detection sensor and converted into electric signals, the signals are amplified and filtered by a data acquisition amplifier and then converted into digital signals, and finally the same signal source data received by sensors arranged at different positions are comprehensively analyzed and processed by positioning resolving software of a computer system, so that the termite nest is effectively positioned by time difference.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The device comprises a plurality of sound detection sensors buried on a water facing slope and a water backing slope of the dam, wherein the arrangement distance and the position are adjusted according to the body shape of the top of the dam, the sound detection sensors are connected with a data acquisition amplifier through cables and then are connected with a computer system, data communication between the collector and the computer system is transmitted through a standard Ethernet by adopting a TCP/IP protocol, and finally, the data are comprehensively analyzed by computer system positioning resolving software to complete real-time processing of the data and effective positioning of termite nests;
the sound detection sensor is externally connected with direct current and a cable, converts a received low-frequency sound wave signal (mechanical energy) of the dam termite into a corresponding electric signal (electric energy) and transmits the electric signal to the data acquisition amplifier;
The sound detection sensor is connected with the computer system through a cable, and the computer system positioning resolving software processes data in real time to realize effective positioning of termite nest.
Compared with the prior art, the dam termite nest positioning device based on the low-frequency sound pulse has the following advantages: because termites are passively detected, the sound detection sensor can be always in a working state, and when the sound detection sensor detects signals and converts the signals into electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted to the data acquisition amplifier in real time and converted into digital signals, the digital signals are further transmitted to the computer system through a network, and the data are comprehensively processed through the computer system positioning resolving software, so that the real-time detection and positioning functions are realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the scheme, the plurality of sound detection sensors, the plurality of cables and the data acquisition amplifier are arranged on the water facing slope and the water backing slope of the dam in a buried mode, the computer system is provided with the positioning resolving software system, the same signal source time difference received by the sound detection sensors at different positions is utilized, effective positioning of termite nest is achieved, and the safety of the dam is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the sound detection device used in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of sound detection sensors employed in the present invention on the water surface and back surface of a dike.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the external structure of a sound detection sensor used in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an internal working principle diagram of fig. 3.
Wherein, 1, a sensor; 11. stainless steel waterproof shell; 12. a tail installer; 13. direct current and cable connection ports; 111. a spring; 112. a mass block; 113. a piezoelectric element; 2. a data acquisition amplifier; 3. a cable; 4. a dike; 5. computer system and positioning resolution software.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for positioning termite nest of dam based on low-frequency sound pulse in the scheme comprises a plurality of sound detection sensors buried on the upstream surface and the downstream surface of the dam, wherein the sensors are arranged in a plurality of modes, but at least four sensors are arranged, the sensors can be arranged horizontally, vertically or randomly on the same surface, the distance is preferably not more than 10m, and the tail installer of the sensors plays a role in fixing.
As shown in fig. 4, the sensor comprises a compression element (typically quartz), a mass, a spring inside. When the acoustic sensor is subjected to impact vibration, the piezoelectric element is subjected to inertial force of the mass, which is a function of acceleration according to newton's second law. The force of the mass block acting on the piezoelectric element is F, the force of the support acting on the piezoelectric element is F, the acceleration acts on the mass block, and the acceleration value is obtained by measuring the displacement of the mass block, the acting force of the mass block on the frame or the force required for keeping the position of the mass block unchanged. The relationship between the force generated by the acceleration mass and the spring displacement is:
F=ma=kx, k: spring modulus, x: and the displacement of the mass block to the accelerometer frame, wherein m is the mass of the mass block.
According to the piezoelectric equation: q=dma, d is the piezoelectric strain constant, and the acoustic detection sensor converts the vibration signal (acceleration) into a measurable electrical signal, further into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the computer system.
Further, assuming that the coordinate positions of the four sound detection sensor measurement points are (x1,y1,z1),(x2,y2,z2),(x3,y3,z3),(x4,y4,z4), and known respectively, the termite nest sound source position is (x 0,y0,z0), and unknown, let the distance from the p-th measurement point to the sound source be S p:
listing equations based on the relationship between time and distance differences between the stations, i.e
ΔS1＝c·Δt1＝c·(t2-t1)＝S2-S1
ΔS2＝c·Δt2＝c·(t3-t2)＝S3-S2
ΔS3＝c·Δt3＝c·(t4-t3)＝S4-S3
In the formula, the sound wave propagation speed of termites in the dam is c, three groups of time differences Deltat 1、Δt2、Δt3 are respectively calculated by t 2-t1、t3-t2、t4-t3, and the termite space position coordinates, namely the sound source position, can be obtained through three effective equations, so that termite nest positioning is realized.
The sound detection sensor is an analog device for measuring ground movement as acceleration, the signal output is in direct proportion to vibration acceleration, the sensitivity of the sensor is conversion from acceleration (m/s 2) to voltage, and the sound detection sensor has higher sensitivity and can be used for detecting ground movement with extremely small and farther.
Claims (8)
1. The dam termite nest positioning device based on low-frequency sound pulses is characterized by comprising a plurality of sound detection sensors buried in a water facing slope and a water backing slope of a dam, wherein the arrangement distance and the arrangement position are adjusted according to the body type of the top of the dam, the sound sensors are connected with a data acquisition amplifier through a plurality of power supply and data transmission cables, the data acquisition amplifier transmits data to a computer system through cables, and finally, the computer system positioning calculation processing software is utilized for comprehensive analysis, so that real-time processing of the data and effective positioning of termite nest are realized;
the outside of the sound detection sensor comprises a stainless steel waterproof shell and a tail installer; the piezoelectric element, the spring and the mass block are contained in the piezoelectric element;
The size of the sound detection sensor is 40mm in diameter and 100mm in length; the main technical indexes comprise sensitivity of 1V/g, frequency range of 0.1-5000Hz, detection sound intensity within 100dB, applicable temperature of-30 to +80 ℃ and sampling rate of 20kHz;
The data acquisition amplifier is internally provided with a 100-time amplifier to amplify signals, and meanwhile, the data acquisition amplifier has a storage function, supports the data storage of a large-capacity USB flash disk, records and stores continuous data, has binary and Access files in a data storage format, and is convenient for acquiring acquisition signal characteristics;
The data acquisition amplifier has high-frequency sampling rate which can reach 20kHz, and the signal detection can reach millivolt level, so that the voltage signal is further converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the computer system;
The data acquisition amplifier can realize filtering processing and reduce interference, so that the amplitude-frequency response of the sound source signal is determined;
The data acquisition amplifier provides signal processing capability of 32-bit analog-to-digital conversion, and meanwhile, a self-checking function is built in, so that software operation and system health state diagnosis are realized, time synchronization is supported, and positioning accuracy is ensured;
based on standard Ethernet communication, TCP/IP protocol automatic conduction realizes network transmission of continuous data; the data acquisition amplifier is combined with positioning resolving processing software based on a Windows operation platform to realize real-time data analysis processing and effective positioning of termite nest;
After the signal is properly processed, the time difference between the input sound pulse and the same signal source received by the sensors at different positions is measured, the signal is automatically analyzed and positioned, and finally, the termite nest is accurately positioned through repeated detection according to actual conditions;
The sensor comprises a compression element, a mass block and a spring, when the sound detection sensor is subjected to impact vibration, the piezoelectric element is subjected to the action of inertia force of the mass block, and the inertia force is a function of acceleration; setting the force of the mass block acting on the piezoelectric element as F, and under the condition that the force of the support acting on the piezoelectric element is F, enabling acceleration to act on the mass block, and obtaining an acceleration value by measuring the displacement of the mass block, the acting force of the mass block on the frame or the force required for keeping the position of the mass block unchanged;
The relationship between the force generated by the acceleration mass and the spring displacement is:
F=ma=kx，
wherein k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, x is the displacement of the mass block to the accelerometer frame, m is the mass of the mass block, and a is the acceleration;
according to the piezoelectric equation: q=dma, d is the piezoelectric strain constant, the sound detection sensor converts the vibration signal into a measurable electrical signal, further into a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the computer system;
assuming that the coordinate positions of the four measuring points of the sound detection sensor are （x1,y1,z1),（x2,y2,z2),（x3,y3,z3),（x4,y4,z4), termite nest sound source positions (x 0,y0,z0) respectively, and assuming that the coordinate positions are unknown, the distance from the p-th measuring point to the sound source is S p:
listing equations based on the relationship between time and distance differences between the stations, i.e
In the method, the sound wave propagation speed of termites in the dam is c, and three groups of time differences are formed、/>、/>The termite nest positioning method is calculated by t 2-t1、t3-t2、t4-t3 respectively, and termite space position coordinates, namely sound source positions, can be obtained through three effective equations, so that termite nest positioning is achieved.
2. The low-frequency sound pulse-based dam termite nest positioning device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sound detection sensors are buried in a dam water-facing slope and a back water slope, the arrangement interval and the arrangement position are adjusted according to the body size of the top of the dam, at least four sensors are arranged, the arrangement positions are non-single straight lines, the staggered surrounding is arranged in a specific area, and the straight line distance of the sensors is not more than 10m.
3. The low frequency acoustic pulse based dam termite nest positioning device of claim 1 wherein the sensor cable is a twisted pair shielded copper core cable with aluminum coils; the transmission cable is used for connecting the electric signals received by the sensors into the data acquisition amplifier, and the transmission cable is a 12-core shielding copper cable, and the length of the transmission cable is determined according to the site position.
4. The low frequency sound pulse based dam termite nest positioning device according to claim 1 wherein the data acquisition amplifier and computer system require power and the collector supply voltage is 12V dc; the computer system is connected with a 240V alternating current power supply, and if the voltage is unstable, a voltage stabilizer is also required to be installed.
5. The dam termite nest positioning device based on low-frequency sound pulses according to claim 1, wherein the cable is laid close to the surface of the dam, a certain length of cable is reserved at the installation position of the probe according to the field environment, the sensor is prevented from loosening from the ground under the action of external force, rolling of pedestrians and vehicles is avoided, and the influence of damage to the cable from the outside is reduced.
6. The low frequency acoustic pulse based dam termite nest positioning device according to claim 1 wherein the sensor bore hole diameter is 30-40 mm, bore hole depth is 50mm, bore holes are as perpendicular to the dam surface as possible.
7. The low frequency sound pulse based dam termite nest positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the sound detection sensor is connected with a direct current power supply and a cable at the top, the direct current power supply is used for receiving an audio signal by the sensor, the detected sound wave signal is converted into a corresponding analog electric signal in the sensor, and then a current modulation signal in the sensor is transmitted to the data acquisition amplifier through the cable.
8. A method for positioning termite nest in dykes and dams based on low-frequency sound pulse is characterized by comprising the following steps: the low-frequency sound wave positioning of the dam termites by adopting the dam termite nest positioning device based on the low-frequency sound pulse as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps:
S1, burying a plurality of sound detection sensors on a water-facing slope and a back water slope of a dam, and connecting a data acquisition amplifier through a cable;
S2, converting the received audio signal into an electric signal through a sound detection sensor, amplifying the electric signal by a data acquisition amplifier, converting the electric signal into a digital signal, and transmitting the digital signal to a computer system by a network;
s3, comprehensively analyzing the same signal source received by the sensors at different positions by adopting computer system positioning resolving processing software, and effectively positioning the termitarium nest by utilizing the time difference.
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| CN2844941Y (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-12-06 | 武汉春江生物科技有限公司 | The termite detection instrument for hidden peril |
| CN116180682A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-05-30 | 中建八局西南建设工程有限公司 | Termite protection system for dam |
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| CN104350984A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-02-18 | 南京市六合区水利科技推广服务中心站 | Dam termite prevention and treatment technique |
| CN107232163A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-10 | 王霞 | A kind of Tu Shidiba and massif termite nest positions method for killing |
| JP7123316B2 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2022-08-23 | 株式会社東京ソイルリサーチ | Underground sound source position measurement method and measurement device |
| CN112197769A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-08 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司道路机械分公司 | Combined positioning method for acoustic echo and inertial navigation of environment during mountain depression of engineering machinery tunnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2844941Y (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-12-06 | 武汉春江生物科技有限公司 | The termite detection instrument for hidden peril |
| CN116180682A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-05-30 | 中建八局西南建设工程有限公司 | Termite protection system for dam |
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