CN109452307B - Water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/18—Euphorbiaceae [Spurge family], e.g. ricinus [castorbean]
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes comprises: 15-18 parts of potassium nitrate, 16-20 parts of a fulvic acid aqueous solution, 2-5 parts of castor extract, 2-5 parts of ginkgo extract, 2-5 parts of piemarker extract, 2-5 parts of matrine, 0.5 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of emulsifier and 35-41.1 parts of water. The water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes, which is obtained by developing and utilizing plant source pesticide resources, is rich in various water-soluble organic matters, and various components in the organic fertilizer are matched with each other, so that the effects of contact poisoning, stomach poisoning, egg hatching inhibition and the like are achieved, various antibacterial components in soil are cleaned, and therefore, diseases and deinsectization are prevented, and the occurrence of soil-borne diseases is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of organic fertilizers.
Background
Root-knot nematodes are highly specialized parasitic plant pathogenic nematodes, mainly damaging lateral roots and fibrous roots, and currently, root-knot nematodes occur in more than 2000 plants, which are damaged in a protected area of 40 hectares. 15 provinces of Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Anhui, Fujian, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Chongqing and Jiangxi account for 83.6 percent of the vegetable planting area in China
The vegetable growing area reaches 2000 ten thousand mu. The yield is reduced by 10 to 80 percent, and 30 hundred million yuan is lost. The incidence rate of the bananas is 20-30%, the serious incidence rate reaches more than 60%, and the yield is reduced by 40-60%.
The prevention and control of root-knot nematodes mainly depend on chemical pesticides, but agricultural product pesticide residues exceed the standard due to the large toxicity of the chemical pesticides, organic phosphates and carbamates, and the environment pollution is serious. With the protection of ecological environment, many chemical insecticides such as methyl isoxathion, carbofuran and octyl sulfur and metyl phosphorus have been banned in China. Thereby leading to less available chemical pesticides and accelerating the current situation of root-knot nematode control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the first technical problem of providing a water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes.
In order to solve the first technical problem, the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes comprises:
15-18 parts of potassium nitrate, 16-20 parts of a fulvic acid aqueous solution, 2-5 parts of castor extract, 2-5 parts of ginkgo extract, 2-5 parts of piemarker extract, 2-5 parts of matrine, 0.5 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of emulsifier and 35-41.1 parts of water.
Preferably, the castor extract is: alcohol extract of castor fruit; preferably, the mass ratio of the castor fruit to the ethanol is 1: 5-6.5, and refluxing the ethanol at 40-50 ℃, wherein the refluxing time is preferably more than 2 hours.
Preferably, the ginkgo extract is: an alcohol extract of ginkgo biloba; preferably, the mass ratio of ginkgo leaves to ethanol is 1: 7-8.5, and refluxing the ethanol at 80-90 ℃, wherein the refluxing time is preferably more than 2 hours.
Preferably, the abutilon extract is: abutilon fruit alcohol extract; preferably, the mass ratio of abutilon fruit to ethanol is 1: 5-6.5, and refluxing the ethanol at 80-90 ℃, wherein the refluxing time is preferably more than 2 hours.
The emulsifier of the invention can be glycerol, mannitol or xanthan gum, and preferably, the emulsifier is xanthan gum.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the application of the water-soluble bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes in preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes.
The third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a use method of the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes.
In order to solve the third technical problem, the application method of the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes comprises the step of adding 100-200 times of water into the organic fertilizer for use.
Preferably, the method of use comprises use during the bed stage of: after the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed is added with water by 200 times for application, and the rhizosphere soil is preferably moistened.
Preferably, the method of use comprises use during the growing period of: after the seedlings are transplanted for 7 days, adding water in an amount of 100-200 times of the seedlings to irrigate roots, and preferably wetting rhizosphere soil; the application is continuously carried out for 2-3 times, and the interval of each time is 10-15 days.
Preferably, the application method is water application, hole application or pouring application.
Has the advantages that:
the components of the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes are mainly plant sources, and the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer has the characteristics of safety, effectiveness, no pollution and the like.
The water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes, which is obtained by developing and utilizing plant source pesticide resources, is rich in various water-soluble organic matters, such as micromolecular polysaccharides, amino acids, soluble proteins, vitamins, endogenous growth factors, microorganisms, alkaloids, terpenoids and the like. The organic fertilizer has the advantages that various components in the organic fertilizer are matched with each other, so that the effects of contact killing, stomach toxicity, egg hatching inhibition and the like are achieved, various antibacterial ingredients in soil are cleaned, and therefore diseases and pests are prevented, and the occurrence of soil-borne diseases is reduced.
Detailed Description
To solve the technical problems of the present invention
In order to solve the first technical problem, the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes comprises:
15-18 parts of potassium nitrate, 16-20 parts of a fulvic acid aqueous solution, 2-5 parts of castor extract, 2-5 parts of ginkgo extract, 2-5 parts of piemarker extract, 2-5 parts of matrine, 0.5 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of emulsifier and 35-41.1 parts of water.
Preferably, the castor extract is: alcohol extract of castor fruit; preferably, the mass ratio of the castor fruit to the ethanol is 1: 5-6.5, and refluxing the ethanol at 40-50 ℃, wherein the refluxing time is preferably more than 2 hours.
Preferably, the ginkgo extract is: an alcohol extract of ginkgo biloba; preferably, the mass ratio of ginkgo leaves to ethanol is 1: 7-8.5, and refluxing the ethanol at 80-90 ℃, wherein the refluxing time is preferably more than 2 hours.
Preferably, the abutilon extract is: abutilon fruit alcohol extract; preferably, the mass ratio of abutilon fruit to ethanol is 1: 5-6.5, and refluxing the ethanol at 80-90 ℃, wherein the refluxing time is preferably more than 2 hours.
Preferably, the emulsifier is xanthan gum.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the application of the water-soluble bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes in preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes.
In order to solve the third technical problem, the application method of the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes comprises the step of adding 100-200 times of water into the organic fertilizer for use.
Preferably, the method of use comprises use during the bed stage of: after the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed is added with water by 200 times for application, and the rhizosphere soil is preferably moistened.
Preferably, the method of use comprises use during the growing period of: after the seedlings are transplanted for 7 days, adding water in an amount of 100-200 times of the seedlings to irrigate roots, and preferably wetting rhizosphere soil; the application is continuously carried out for 2-3 times, and the interval of each time is 10-15 days.
Preferably, the application method is water application, hole application or pouring application.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Castor extract: the mass ratio of the castor fruit to the ethanol is 1:6, refluxing with ethanol at 50 ℃ for 2 hours.
And (3) ginkgo extract: the mass ratio of the ginkgo leaves to the ethanol is 1: refluxing with ethanol at 8.80 deg.C for 2 hr.
The piemarker extract is as follows: the piemarker fruit and ethanol are refluxed for 2 hours at 80 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 1: 6.
Weighing 1.7Kg of potassium nitrate, 1.8Kg of biochemical fulvic acid aqueous solution (commercially available biochemical fulvic acid aqueous solution, manufacturer: Lele humic acid factory of Pingxi province, batch No. 20170623, ingredient is fulvic acid, content of fulvic acid is 30%), 0.3Kg of castor extract, 0.3Kg of ginkgo extract, 0.3Kg of piemarker extract, 0.3Kg of matrine, 0.05Kg of borax, 0.02Kg of xanthan gum emulsifier, and 5.23Kg of water, and mixing uniformly to obtain the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematode.
The prepared organic fertilizer is used for planting tomatoes, and the organic fertilizer is used in a seedbed stage: after the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed is added with water by 200 times for application, and the rhizosphere soil is preferably moistened.
Transplanting seedlings, namely after 7 days of transplanting, watering roots by 200 times of water, and preferably wetting rhizosphere soil; the administration was continued 2 times with 10 days intervals.
The results are detailed in table 1.
The statistical calculation method of the prevention and treatment effect comprises
Comparative example 1
Similar to example 1, the only difference from example 1 is the use of Lofuda instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the results of which are detailed in Table 1.
Example 2
Castor extract: the mass ratio of the castor fruit to the ethanol is 1:6, refluxing with ethanol at 50 ℃ for 2 hours.
And (3) ginkgo extract: the mass ratio of the ginkgo leaves to the ethanol is 1: 8, refluxing with ethanol at 80 ℃ for 2 hours.
The piemarker extract is as follows: abutilon abutilon fruit and ethanol according to the mass ratio of 1:6, refluxing with ethanol at 80 ℃ for 2 hours.
Weighing 1.6Kg of potassium nitrate, 1.7Kg of biochemical fulvic acid aqueous solution, 0.4Kg of castor extract, 0.2Kg of ginkgo extract, 0.5Kg of piemarker extract, 0.5Kg of matrine, 0.05Kg of borax, 0.02Kg of xanthan gum emulsifier and 5.3Kg of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the meloidogyne.
The prepared organic fertilizer is used for planting cucumbers, and the organic fertilizer is used in a seedbed stage: after the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed is added with water by 200 times for application, and the rhizosphere soil is preferably moistened.
Transplanting seedlings, namely after 7 days of transplanting, watering roots by 200 times of water, and preferably wetting rhizosphere soil; the administration was continued 2 times with 10 days intervals.
The results are detailed in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Similar to example 2, the only difference from example 2 is the use of Lofuda instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the results of which are detailed in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
Similar to example 2, the only difference from example 2 is that fosthiazate is used instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, and the test results are detailed in table 1.
From the example 2 and the comparative examples 2 and 3, the cucumber root nematode prevention effect of the organic fertilizer is 20.07 percent higher than that of the organic fertilizer, and 11.57 percent higher than that of fosthiazate.
Example 3
Castor extract: the mass ratio of the castor fruit to the ethanol is 1:6, refluxing with ethanol at 50 ℃ for 2 hours.
And (3) ginkgo extract: the mass ratio of the ginkgo leaves to the ethanol is 1: 8, refluxing with ethanol at 80 ℃ for 2 hours.
The piemarker extract is as follows: abutilon abutilon fruit and ethanol according to the mass ratio of 1:6, refluxing with ethanol at 80 ℃ for 2 hours.
Weighing 1.6Kg of potassium nitrate, 1.7Kg of biochemical fulvic acid aqueous solution, 0.4Kg of castor extract, 0.3Kg of ginkgo extract, 0.35Kg of piemarker extract, 0.45Kg of matrine, 0.05Kg of borax, 0.02Kg of xanthan gum emulsifier and 5.13Kg of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the root-knot nematode.
The prepared organic fertilizer is used for planting tomatoes, and the organic fertilizer is used in a seedbed stage: after the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed is added with water by 200 times for application, and the rhizosphere soil is preferably moistened.
Transplanting seedlings, namely after 7 days of transplanting, watering roots by 200 times of water, and preferably wetting rhizosphere soil; the administration was continued 2 times with 10 days intervals.
The results are detailed in table 1.
Comparative example 4
Similar to example 3, the only difference from example 3 is that abamectin is used instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, and the test results are detailed in table 1.
Comparative example 5
Similar to example 3, the only difference from example 3 is that fosthiazate is used instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the results of which are detailed in table 1.
Example 4
Castor extract: the mass ratio of the castor fruit to the ethanol is 1:6, refluxing with ethanol at 50 ℃ for 2 hours.
And (3) ginkgo extract: the mass ratio of the ginkgo leaves to the ethanol is 1: 8, refluxing with ethanol at 80 ℃ for 22 hours.
The piemarker extract is as follows: abutilon abutilon fruit and ethanol according to the mass ratio of 1:6, refluxing with ethanol at 80 ℃ for 2 hours.
Weighing 1.8Kg of potassium nitrate, 2.0Kg of biochemical fulvic acid aqueous solution, 0.5Kg of castor extract, 0.5Kg of ginkgo extract, 0.5Kg of piemarker extract, 0.5Kg of matrine, 0.05Kg of borax, 0.02Kg of xanthan gum emulsifier and 4.13Kg of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain the water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the meloidogyne.
The prepared organic fertilizer is used for planting the tomato and the cucumber, and is used in the seedbed stage: after the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed is added with water by 200 times for application, and the rhizosphere soil is preferably moistened.
Transplanting seedlings, namely after 7 days of transplanting, watering roots by 200 times of water, and preferably wetting rhizosphere soil; the administration was continued 2 times with 10 days intervals.
The results are detailed in table 1.
Comparative example 6
Similar to example 4, the only difference from example 4 is that fosthiazate is used instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, and the test results are detailed in table 1.
Comparative example 7
Similar to example 4, the only difference from example 4 is the use of clean water instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the test results are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 test results
Comparative example 8
Similar to example 1, the only difference from example 1 is the use of castor extract instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the results of which are detailed in table 2.
Comparative example 9
Similar to example 1, the only difference from example 1 is the use of ginkgo biloba extract instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the results of which are specified in table 2.
Comparative example 10
Similar to example 1, the only difference from example 1 is the use of Abutilon extract instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the results of which are specified in Table 2.
Comparative example 11
Similar to example 1, the only difference from example 1 is that matrine is used instead of the organic fertilizer of the invention, and the test results are detailed in table 2.
Comparative example 12
Similar to example 1, the only difference from example 1 is the use of borax instead of the organic fertilizer according to the invention, the test results are detailed in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparative examples 8-12 test results
| Numbering | Test time | Location of a site | Crops | Dosage of | Controlling effect |
| Comparative example 8 | 3-5 months in 2017 | Shandong nongda | Tomato | 8 kg/mu | 10.3％ |
| Comparative example 9 | 3-5 months in 2017 | Shandong nongda | Tomato | 8 kg/mu | 6.6％ |
| Comparative example 10 | 3-5 months in 2017 | Shandong nongda | Tomato | 8 kg/mu | 7.6％ |
| Comparative example 11 | 3-5 months in 2017 | Shandong nongda | Tomato | 8 kg/mu | 8.4％ |
| Comparative example 12 | 3-5 months in 2017 | Shandong nongda | Tomato | 1 kg/mu | 5.4％ |
Note: the dosage of the comparative examples 1 to 12 is the optimal recommended dosage.
Claims (14)
1. The water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes is characterized by comprising the following components: 15-18 parts of potassium nitrate, 16-20 parts of a fulvic acid aqueous solution, 2-5 parts of castor extract, 2-5 parts of ginkgo extract, 2-5 parts of piemarker extract, 2-5 parts of matrine, 0.5 part of borax, 0.1-0.4 part of emulsifier and 35-41.1 parts of water;
the castor extract is as follows: alcohol extract of castor fruit;
the ginkgo extract is: an alcohol extract of ginkgo biloba;
the piemarker extract is as follows: abutilon fruit extract.
2. The water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol extract of castor fruit is prepared from castor fruit and ethanol according to a mass ratio of 1: 5-6.5, and refluxing with ethanol at 40-50 ℃.
3. The water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes according to claim 2, wherein the refluxing time is more than 2 hours.
4. The water-soluble biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alcohol extract of ginkgo leaves is prepared from ginkgo leaves and ethanol according to a mass ratio of 1: 7-8.5, and refluxing with ethanol at 80-90 ℃.
5. The water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes according to claim 4, wherein the refluxing time is more than 2 hours.
6. The water-soluble bio-organic fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alcohol extract of abutilon fruit is obtained by mixing abutilon fruit and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1: 5-6.5, and refluxing with ethanol at 80-90 ℃.
7. The water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes according to claim 6, wherein the refluxing time is more than 2 hours.
8. The water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the emulsifier is glycerol, mannitol or xanthan gum.
9. The water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes according to claim 8, wherein the emulsifier is xanthan gum.
10. The application of the water-soluble bio-organic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes as defined in any one of claims 1-9 in controlling root-knot nematodes.
11. The use method of the water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling the root-knot nematodes according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises the step of adding 100-200 times of water into the organic fertilizer.
12. The use method of the water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling the root-knot nematodes according to claim 11, wherein the use method comprises the following steps of: after the seedbed is prepared, the seedbed is added with water by 200 times for application, and the rhizosphere soil is preferably moistened.
13. The use method of the water-soluble bioorganic fertilizer for controlling root-knot nematodes according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the use method comprises the following steps in the growth period: after the seedlings are transplanted for 7 days, adding water in an amount of 100-200 times of the seedlings to irrigate roots, and preferably wetting rhizosphere soil; the application is continuously carried out for 2-3 times, and the interval of each time is 10-15 days.
14. The use method of the water-soluble bio-organic fertilizer for controlling the root-knot nematodes according to claim 12, wherein the application method is irrigation, hole application or pouring application.
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| JP2003171217A (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-06-17 | Jukankyo Kojo Jumoku Seibun Riyo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | Nematocide and soil-activating agent |
| CN101209060A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-02 | 河南农业大学 | Composite organic modifier for preventing and controlling vegetable root root-knot nematode disease and preparing method thereof |
| CN103583606A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-02-19 | 成都新朝阳作物科学有限公司 | Root-knot nematode control agent as well as preparing method and application thereof |
| CN104262042A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-07 | 尤素梅 | Compound mixed organic fertilizer for controlling meloidogyne of crops as well as preparation method and application of organic fertilizer |
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| CN106748305A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 山东康德源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of medicine fertilizer with preventing and treating root-knot nematode function and preparation method and application |
| CN107535536A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-05 | 何振贤 | The medicine based on herbs and preparation method of Cucumber root-knot nematode disease preventing and treating |
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