CN109452269B - Abamectin emulsion preparation and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Abamectin emulsion preparation and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109452269B CN109452269B CN201811573725.4A CN201811573725A CN109452269B CN 109452269 B CN109452269 B CN 109452269B CN 201811573725 A CN201811573725 A CN 201811573725A CN 109452269 B CN109452269 B CN 109452269B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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Abstract
The invention provides an abamectin emulsion preparation, and a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the invention provides a pesticide preparation, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-10 wt% of abamectin, 5-45 wt% of organic solvent, 5-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer and water, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate. The pesticide preparation provided by the invention has the characteristics of good pest killing effect, long lasting period, good quick action, good repelling and killing effects on pests, wide insecticidal spectrum, convenience in use, lower cost, safety, reliability, high efficiency, low toxicity and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pesticides, and particularly relates to an abamectin emulsion preparation, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The abamectin is a widely used agricultural or veterinary bactericide, insecticide and acaricide. A first class of sixteen-membered macrolide disaccharide compounds with bactericidal, insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activity developed by Naja village wisdom et al, North Ri Japan, and Merck, USA, is a natural product isolated from soil microorganisms. Has stomach poisoning and contact killing effects on insects and mites, weak fumigating effect and no systemic absorption effect. The action mechanism is different from that of the common pesticide in that the action mechanism interferes with the neurophysiological activity and stimulates the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid, and the aminobutyric acid has an inhibition effect on the nerve conduction of arthropods. After the mite adults, nymphs and insect larvae are contacted with the abamectin, paralysis symptoms appear, and the mites die after 2-4 days without moving or taking food. Because the quick dehydration of the insects is not caused, the lethal effect of the abamectin is slower. The abamectin has direct contact killing effect on predatory insects and parasitic natural enemies, but has little damage to beneficial insects because of little residue on the surface of the plant. The abamectin is adsorbed by soil in soil and cannot move and is decomposed by microorganisms, so that the abamectin has no accumulation effect in the environment and can be used as a component of comprehensive control.
In recent years, with the improvement of environmental awareness and the requirement of sustainable development, the requirements on pesticide formulations are higher and higher, especially the pesticide formulations are developed in the directions of synergy, slow release and safety, so that the new formulation is more and more called by upgrading and upgrading the traditional pesticide formulations. Although the micro-emulsion of the avermectin has wide application, the micro-emulsion of the avermectin has short duration due to no slow release performance, and toxic solvents such as cyclohexanone, N-dimethylformamide and the like are used. Therefore, how to improve the sustained release performance and obtain the sustained release tablet with safety and environmental protection is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an abamectin pesticide preparation with slow release performance, safety and environmental protection.
In a first aspect of the invention, a pesticide preparation is provided, which comprises the following components by weight: 0.1-10 wt% of abamectin, 5-45 wt% of organic solvent, 5-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer and water, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent is present in an amount of 10 to 40 wt%, preferably 15 to 37.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the total content of propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is at least 25 wt%, preferably 40-80 wt%, more preferably 50-65 wt%, based on the total weight of organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is 10:1 to 1:1, preferably 8:1 to 2: 1.
In another preferred embodiment, the propylene glycol diacetate is present in an amount of at least 20 wt%, preferably from 30 to 80 wt%, more preferably from 40 to 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the methyl methylcarbamate is present in an amount of at least 5 w%, preferably 6-20 wt%, more preferably 10-15 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent further contains one or more selected from the group consisting of: n-ethyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethyl decanamide and N, N-dimethyl octanamide.
In another preferred example, the organic solvent contains propylene glycol diacetate, methyl methylcarbamate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and further contains one or both of N, N-dimethyldecanamide and N, N-dimethyloctadecanamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent comprises, by weight, 20 to 55 parts of propylene glycol diacetate, 10 to 30 parts of methyl carbamate, 1 to 10 parts of N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1 to 10 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 20 to 25 parts of N, N-dimethyldecanamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent comprises, by weight, 20 to 55 parts of propylene glycol diacetate, 10 to 30 parts of methyl methylcarbamate, 1 to 10 parts of N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1 to 10 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, and 20 to 25 parts of N, N-dimethyloctadecylamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the total content of propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is 6-40 wt%, preferably 11.5-26 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the propylene glycol diacetate is present in an amount of 5 to 30 wt.%, preferably 10 to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the methyl methylcarbamate is present in an amount of 1-10 w%, preferably 1.5-6 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the abamectin is present in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt%, preferably 1 to 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the avermectin comprises avermectin B1 and/or avermectin B2.
In another preferred embodiment, said avermectin B1 comprises avermectin B1a and/or avermectin B1B.
In another preferred embodiment, said abamectin B2 comprises abamectin B2a and/or abamectin B2B.
In another preferred embodiment, the content of the emulsifier is 10 to 20 wt% based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the emulsifier is selected from one or more (preferably 2, 3, 4, 5) of the following group: triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
In another preferred example, the emulsifier contains at least three of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
In another preferred example, the emulsifier contains triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
In another preferable example, the emulsifier contains 2-8 parts of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 2-8 parts of phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 1-2 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2 parts of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and 1-2 parts of nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer in parts by weight.
In another preferred embodiment, the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of: 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), triethyl citrate (TEC), vitamin C, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the pesticide formulation further comprises: a synergist, a vegetable oil, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the synergist is selected from the group consisting of: azone, thioxanthone, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, silicone polyoxyethylene ether, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the synergist is present in an amount of 0.5-5 wt%, preferably 1-3 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the vegetable oil is selected from the group consisting of: oleic acid, methyl oleate, methyl ethylate, castor oil, eucalyptus oil, olive oil, cashew nut shell oil, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the vegetable oil is present in an amount of 0.05 to 5 wt%, preferably 0.1 to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the pesticide formulation further comprises: a synergist, a vegetable oil, a dispersant, a wetting agent, an antifreeze, a defoamer, a pH adjuster, a thickener, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the pesticide formulation comprises the following components, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation:
1-10 wt% of abamectin, 10-40 wt% of organic solvent, 10-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer, 0.1-2 wt% of vegetable oil, 1-5 wt% of synergist, 1-3 wt% of dispersant, 3-5 wt% of antifreezing agent, 0.01-0.05 wt% of defoaming agent and the balance of water.
In another preferred embodiment, the pesticide formulation consists essentially of the following components in weight ratio, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation:
1-10 wt% of abamectin, 10-40 wt% of organic solvent, 10-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer, 0.1-2 wt% of vegetable oil, 1-5 wt% of synergist, 1-3 wt% of dispersant, 3-5 wt% of antifreezing agent, 0.01-0.05 wt% of defoaming agent and the balance of water.
In another preferred embodiment, the dispersant is a phosphate anionic dispersant.
In another preferred embodiment, the anti-freeze agent is selected from the group consisting of: urea, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the defoamer is dimethicone, isomeric alcohol ethers, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the sum of the contents of the components in the pesticide preparation is 100%.
In another preferred embodiment, the "each component" further includes the other components mentioned above.
In another preferred embodiment, the pesticide formulation is a liquid formulation, preferably an emulsion formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the emulsion formulation comprises: a microemulsion, an aqueous emulsion or an emulsifiable concentrate, preferably a microemulsion.
In another preferred embodiment, the particle size of the microemulsion is 1-100nm, preferably 15-50 nm.
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a pesticidal formulation according to the first aspect of the invention for controlling pests.
In another preferred embodiment, the pest is selected from the group consisting of: lepidopteran pests, mites, nematodes, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the composition is used for preventing and/or inhibiting pests in agriculture, forestry or horticulture.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for the preparation of a pesticide formulation, the process comprising the steps of:
(a) mixing 0.01-10 wt% of abamectin, 5-45 wt% of organic solvent, 5-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer, water and optional auxiliary agent, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate to obtain a mixture; and
(b) emulsifying the mixture in the step (a) to obtain the pesticide preparation.
In another preferred embodiment, the auxiliary is selected from the group consisting of: a synergist, a vegetable oil, a dispersant, a wetting agent, an antifreeze, a defoamer, a pH adjuster, a thickener, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred example, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) mixing abamectin, an organic solvent, vegetable oil, a synergist, a stabilizer, an emulsifier and a defoaming agent to obtain an oil phase;
(2) mixing a dispersing agent, an antifreezing agent and water to obtain a water phase;
(3) and mixing the water phase and the oil phase, and emulsifying to obtain the pesticide preparation.
In another preferred embodiment, in the step (b), the rotation speed of the emulsification is 1000-.
In another preferred example, in the step (b), the emulsifying time is 30-60 min.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an organic solvent comprising, based on the total weight of the organic solvent:
(a)30-80 parts, preferably 40-60 parts of propylene glycol diacetate;
(b)6-20 parts, preferably 10-15 parts, of methyl carbamate; and optionally
(c) One or more of N-ethyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethyl decanamide and N, N-dimethyl octanamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the total content of propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is at least 25 wt%, preferably 40-80 wt%, more preferably 50-65 wt%, based on the total weight of organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is 10:1 to 1:1, preferably 8:1 to 2: 1.
In another preferred embodiment, the propylene glycol diacetate is present in an amount of at least 20 wt%, preferably from 30 to 80 wt%, more preferably from 40 to 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the methyl methylcarbamate is present in an amount of at least 5 w%, preferably 6-20 wt%, more preferably 10-15 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent comprises, by weight, 20 to 55 parts of propylene glycol diacetate, 10 to 30 parts of methyl carbamate, 1 to 10 parts of N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1 to 10 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 20 to 25 parts of N, N-dimethyldecanamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent comprises, by weight, 20 to 55 parts of propylene glycol diacetate, 10 to 30 parts of methyl carbamate, 1 to 10 parts of N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1 to 10 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 20 to 25 parts of N, N-dimethyloctanamide.
In a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of an organic solvent as described in the fourth aspect of the invention for the preparation of a pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the pesticide formulation is an avermectin pesticide formulation.
It is to be understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-described features of the present invention and those specifically described below (e.g., in the examples) may be combined with each other to form new or preferred embodiments. Not to be reiterated herein, but to the extent of space.
Detailed Description
The inventor of the invention has conducted extensive and intensive research, and unexpectedly found that an organic solvent containing propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate, especially an organic solvent containing propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyldecanamide or N, N-dimethyloctanamide, can well dissolve abamectin, remarkably improve the insecticidal effect and the lasting period of the abamectin, has little environmental pollution and low toxicity, is safe, and is very suitable for being used as a new solvent of abamectin. In addition, the combination of the organic solvent and the emulsifier can ensure that the particle size of the prepared abamectin emulsion oil droplets reaches the nanometer level, the particles of the diluent are ultrafine, the adhesion and the deposition of the liquid medicine on the surfaces of the leaves are facilitated, the permeation and the medicine holding amount to target plants are obviously improved, and the using amount of the pesticide is reduced. The pesticide preparation provided by the invention has the advantages of good pest killing effect, long lasting period, good quick action, good repelling and killing effects on pests, wide insecticidal spectrum, convenience in use, lower cost, safety and reliability, and the characteristics of high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-cost pesticides. On this basis, the inventors have completed the present invention.
Description of the terms
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
As used herein, the term "about" when used in reference to a specifically recited value means that the value may vary by no more than 1% from the recited value. For example, as used herein, the expression "about 100" includes 99 and 101 and all values in between (e.g., 99.1, 99.2, 99.3, 99.4, etc.).
As used herein, the term "comprising" or "includes" can be open, semi-closed, and closed. In other words, the term also includes "consisting essentially of …," or "consisting of ….
Abamectin and its preparation method
The structure of avermectin is shown as the following formula I:
the appearance of the abamectin is light yellow to white crystal powder and is tasteless. Density: 1.16; melting: 150-155 ℃; vapor pressure: 2X 10-7Pa; relative density 1.16(21 ℃); specific optical rotation: d +55.7 ± 2 ° (c ═ 0.87in CHCl 3); solubility (21 ℃): 350g/L of toluene, 100g/L of acetone, 70g/L of isopropanol, 25g/L of chloroform, 20g/L of ethanol, 19.5g/L of methanol, 6g/L of cyclohexane, 0.5g/L of kerosene and 10 mu g/L of water. Distribution coefficient: 9.9X 103. Stability: is stable under normal conditions, and can not be hydrolyzed when the pH value is 5-9.
The abamectin has stomach toxicity and contact killing effect on mites and insects, and can not kill eggs. The action mechanism is different from that of the common pesticide in that the action mechanism interferes with the neurophysiological activity and stimulates the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid, and the aminobutyric acid has an inhibition effect on the nerve conduction of arthropods. After the mite adults, nymphs and insect larvae are contacted with the abamectin, paralysis symptoms appear, and the mites die after 2-4 days without moving or taking food. Because the quick dehydration of the insects is not caused, the lethal effect of the abamectin is slower. The abamectin has direct contact killing effect on predatory insects and parasitic natural enemies, but has little damage to beneficial insects because of little residue on the surface of the plant. The abamectin is adsorbed by soil in soil and cannot move and is decomposed by microorganisms, so that the abamectin has no accumulation effect in the environment and can be used as a component of comprehensive control. The preparation is easy to prepare, can be used by pouring the preparation into human water and slightly stirring, is safe to crops, and cannot cause phytotoxicity when used according to the introduced method. Is suitable for crops such as vegetables, oranges and tangerines, cotton and the like.
The control target has special effect on resistant pests, such as diamondback moth, leaf miner, red spider, and the like.
The application technology is that the abamectin has stomach toxicity and contact killing effects on mites and insects, the penetration is strong, the pesticide liquid is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of plants and then quickly permeates into mesophyll to form a plurality of micro pesticide sacs, adult mites, nymphs and larvae of insects of the mites immediately have paralysis after eating and contacting the pesticide liquid, and the mites do not eat and die after 2-4 days. The pesticide residue on the leaf surface of the abamectin is very little and is quickly decomposed into nontoxic substances, so the pesticide has small killing effect on natural enemies. Avermectin has no ovicidal effect.
The abamectin is a widely used agricultural or veterinary bactericide, insecticide and acaricide. A first class of sixteen-membered macrolide disaccharide compounds with bactericidal, insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activity developed by Naja village wisdom et al, North Ri Japan, and Merck, USA, is a natural product isolated from soil microorganisms. Has stomach poisoning and contact killing effects on insects and mites, weak fumigating effect and no systemic absorption effect. The action mechanism is different from that of the common pesticide in that the action mechanism interferes with the neurophysiological activity and stimulates the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid, and the aminobutyric acid has an inhibition effect on the nerve conduction of arthropods. After the mite adults, nymphs and insect larvae are contacted with the abamectin, paralysis symptoms appear, and the mites die after 2-4 days without moving or taking food. Because the quick dehydration of the insects is not caused, the lethal effect of the abamectin is slower. The abamectin has direct contact killing effect on predatory insects and parasitic natural enemies, but has little damage to beneficial insects because of little residue on the surface of the plant. The abamectin is adsorbed by soil in soil and cannot move and is decomposed by microorganisms, so that the abamectin has no accumulation effect in the environment and can be used as a component of comprehensive control.
Organic solvent
In the present invention, the content of the organic solvent in the pesticide formulation is 5 to 45 wt%, preferably 10 to 40 wt%, more preferably 15 to 37.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In the present invention, the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate and methyl methylcarbamate. The total content of the propylene glycol diacetate and methyl methylcarbamate in the organic solvent is at least 25 wt%, preferably 40-80 wt%, more preferably 50-65 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is 10:1 to 1:1, preferably 8:1 to 2: 1.
In another preferred embodiment, the content of the propylene glycol diacetate in the organic solvent is at least 20 wt%, preferably 30-80 wt%, and more preferably 40-60 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the methyl methylcarbamate is present in the organic solvent in an amount of at least 5 w%, preferably 6-20 wt%, more preferably 10-15 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent further contains one or more selected from the group consisting of: n-ethyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethyl decanamide and N, N-dimethyl octanamide.
In another preferred example, the organic solvent contains propylene glycol diacetate, methyl methylcarbamate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and one or both of N, N-dimethyldecanamide and N, N-dimethyloctanamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent comprises, by weight, 20 to 55 parts of propylene glycol diacetate, 10 to 30 parts of methyl carbamate, 1 to 10 parts of N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1 to 10 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 20 to 25 parts of N, N-dimethyldecanamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the organic solvent comprises, by weight, 20 to 55 parts of propylene glycol diacetate, 10 to 30 parts of methyl carbamate, 1 to 10 parts of N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1 to 10 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 20 to 25 parts of N, N-dimethyloctanamide.
In another preferred embodiment, the total content of propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is 6-40 wt%, preferably 11.5-26 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the propylene glycol diacetate is present in an amount of 5 to 30 wt.%, preferably 10 to 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
In another preferred embodiment, the methyl methylcarbamate is present in an amount of 1-10 w%, preferably 1.5-6 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
Methyl carbamate, appearance: transparent solution, flash point 71 ℃, distillation range; 168 ℃ and 175 ℃ and purity; more than or equal to 98 percent.
Propylene glycol diacetate, appearance; clear solution, flash point: distilling at 88 deg.C; 180 ℃ and 210 ℃, purity: not less than 99 percent. The propylene glycol diacetate has light mint smell, is environment-friendly and safe and is not flammable. Propylene glycol diacetate is readily soluble in alcohols, ethers and other organic solvents, has the general chemical properties of esters, has a high flash point, is not volatile, and is readily hydrolyzed to alcohols and acetic acid in the presence of caustic and mineral acids, and is readily biodegradable.
Emulsifier
In the present invention, the content of the emulsifier is 5 to 20 wt%, preferably 10 to 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation.
The emulsifier is selected from one or more (preferably 2, 3, 4, 5) of the following groups: triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
In another preferred example, the emulsifier contains at least three of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
In another preferred example, the emulsifier contains triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
In another preferable example, the emulsifier contains 2-8 parts of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 2-8 parts of phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 1-2 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2 parts of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and 1-2 parts of nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer in parts by weight.
Pesticidal formulations
The invention provides an abamectin pesticide with high efficiency, low toxicity and low cost.
As used herein, "abamectin nanoemulsion", "abamectin formulation", "abamectin pesticide" and "pesticide formulation of the present invention" are used interchangeably and refer to a pesticide formulation according to the first aspect of the present invention.
In the present invention, the pesticide formulation comprises the following components: 0.1-10 wt% of abamectin, 5-45 wt% of organic solvent, 5-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer and water, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate.
Specifically, the invention provides a preparation method and application of abamectin nanoemulsion.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the avermectin nanoemulsion comprises: 1.0-10.0 wt% of abamectin, 10.0-40.0 wt% of solvent, 0.1-2.0 wt% of vegetable oil, 0.5-2.0 wt% of stabilizer, 1.0-3.0 wt% of dispersant, 1.0-5.0 wt% of synergist, 10.0-20.0 wt% of emulsifier, 3.0-5.0 wt% of antifreeze, 0.01-0.05 wt% of defoaming agent and the balance of water, based on the total weight of the abamectin nanoemulsion.
Wherein, preferably, the content of the abamectin is 5.0 wt%.
Among them, the solvent preferably contains propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate. In addition, the solvent may further contain one or more of N-ethylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethyldecanamide, and N, N-dimethyloctanamide.
Among them, it is preferable that the solvent is propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyldecanamide, or a combination of propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyloctanamide.
Wherein, the vegetable oil is preferably cashew nut shell oil.
Wherein the dispersant is phosphate anions.
Wherein, the synergist is preferably sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and organic silicon polyoxyethylene ether.
Preferably, the emulsifier is triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer and a combination thereof.
Wherein, the antifreeze is preferably glycerol.
Wherein, the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.
The sum of the contents of all the components in the pesticide preparation is 100 percent. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that "the components" include "the other components mentioned above (e.g., various conventional auxiliaries added as necessary) in an amount of 100% in total.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the abamectin nano-emulsion comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing abamectin, a solvent, vegetable oil and a stabilizer, adding the abamectin, the solvent, the vegetable oil and the stabilizer into the container A, and mixing and stirring uniformly;
s2: adding an emulsifier, a synergist and a defoaming agent into the container A, and uniformly stirring to form an oil phase;
s3: weighing the dispersing agent, the antifreezing agent and water, adding the dispersing agent, the antifreezing agent and the water into the container B, and uniformly mixing and stirring to form a water phase;
s4: and adding the water phase into the oil phase, and carrying out high-speed shearing emulsification to prepare the avermectin nano emulsion with a transparent homogeneous phase.
The avermectin nano emulsion is prepared by an oil emulsification method or an water emulsification method, and the particle size of the nano particles in the nano emulsion is preferably 15-25 nm. The abamectin nano emulsion has better dispersibility, is easy to permeate into a target body, is beneficial to exerting the drug effect and enhancing the permeation on the surfaces of harmful organisms or plants, and can improve the contact killing effect or prevent and control hidden pests, mites and nematodes.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the pesticide preparation has simple preparation process, good reproducibility and low cost, and can realize industrial production;
2. the pesticide preparation has no pungent smell and good stability over time;
3. compared with the prior art, the pesticide preparation has better pest repelling and killing effects, obviously prolonged duration and good quick action;
4. the solvent selected by the pesticide preparation is an environment-friendly solvent, is easy to biodegrade, is environment-friendly and safe, and has low toxicity;
5. the pesticide preparation of the present invention is improved in safety for producers and users by using an aqueous dispersion medium.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Experimental procedures without specific conditions noted in the following examples, generally followed by conventional conditions, such as Sambrook et al, molecular cloning: the conditions described in the Laboratory Manual (New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,1989), or according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Unless otherwise indicated, percentages and parts are by weight.
Example 1
The avermectin nanoemulsion of the embodiment takes avermectin as an effective component, and is prepared by matching with a solvent, vegetable oil, a stabilizer, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a synergist, an antifreeze, an antifoaming agent and water to form the avermectin nanoemulsion. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
abamectin: 5 percent of
Solvent: 25 percent of
Vegetable oil: 1 percent;
light stabilizer: 1.5 percent;
emulsifier: 15 percent of
A synergist: 3 percent;
dispersing agent: 2 percent;
an antifreezing agent: 5 percent;
defoaming agent: 0.01 percent;
soft water: 42.49 percent
Wherein the solvent is the combination of propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyl decanamide, wherein the content of the propylene glycol diacetate is 10.5 percent, the content of the methyl carbamate is 1.5 percent, the content of the N-ethyl pyrrolidone is 1.5 percent, the content of the dimethyl sulfoxide is 1.5 percent, and the content of the N, N-dimethyl decanamide is 10 percent based on the total weight of the emulsion; the vegetable oil is cashew nut shell oil; the light stabilizer is BHT; the emulsifier is combination of triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether and nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer; the synergist is organic silicon polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersant is phosphate anions; the antifreezing agent is glycerol, and the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.
The preparation method of the abamectin nanoemulsion comprises the following steps: weighing 5g of abamectin original drug, 30g of propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethyl pyrrolidone, a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyl decanamide, 1g of cashew nut shell oil, 1.5g of BHT and 3g of organic silicon polyoxyethylene ether according to the proportion, stirring until the mixture is clear and transparent, adding 15g of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer mixture and 0.01g of dimethyl silicone oil, and stirring to form an oil phase. 2g of dispersant, 5g of antifreeze and 42.49g of water are weighed according to the proportion and mixed and stirred to form a water phase. Adding the water phase into the oil phase under the action of high-speed shearing to form 5% avermectin nano emulsion.
Example 2
The avermectin nanoemulsion of the embodiment takes avermectin as an effective component, and is prepared by matching with a solvent, vegetable oil, a stabilizer, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a synergist, an antifreeze, an antifoaming agent and water to form the avermectin nanoemulsion. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
abamectin B2: 5 percent of
Solvent: 25 percent;
vegetable oil: 1 percent;
a stabilizer: 1.5 percent
Emulsifier: 15 percent;
a synergist: 3 percent of
Dispersing agent: 2 percent;
an antifreezing agent: 5 percent;
defoaming agent: 0.01 percent;
soft water: 42.49 percent
Wherein the solvent is propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethyl pyrrolidone, 10.5 percent of the propylene glycol diacetate of the combination of dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyl decanamide, 1.5 percent of methyl carbamate, 1.5 percent of N-ethyl pyrrolidone, 1.5 percent of dimethyl sulfoxide and 10 percent of N, N-dimethyl octanamide based on the total weight of the emulsion; the vegetable oil is cashew nut shell oil; the stabilizer is BHT; the emulsifier is combination of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether and cardanol polyoxyethylene ether; the synergist is sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; the dispersant is phosphate anions; the antifreezing agent is glycerol, and the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.
The preparation method of the abamectin nanoemulsion comprises the following steps: weighing 5g of abamectin original drug, 25g of propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethyl pyrrolidone, a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyl decanamide, 1g of cashew nut shell oil, 1.5g of BHT and 3g of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate according to the proportion, stirring until the mixture is clear and transparent, adding 15g of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, a cardanol polyoxyethylene ether mixture and 0.01g of dimethyl silicone oil, and stirring to form an oil phase. 2g of dispersant, 5g of antifreeze and 42.49g of water are weighed according to the proportion and mixed and stirred to form a water phase. Adding the water phase into the oil phase under the action of high-speed shearing to form 5% avermectin B2 nano emulsion.
Example 3
The avermectin nanoemulsion of the embodiment takes avermectin as an effective component, and is prepared by matching with a solvent, vegetable oil, a stabilizer, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a synergist, an antifreeze, an antifoaming agent and water to form the avermectin nanoemulsion. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
abamectin: 10 percent of
Solvent: 37.5 percent
Vegetable oil: 0.5 percent;
light stabilizer: 3 percent of
Emulsifier: 20 percent;
a synergist: 1.5 percent;
dispersing agent: 2 percent;
an antifreezing agent: 5 percent;
defoaming agent: 0.02 percent;
soft water: 20.48 percent
Wherein the solvent is propylene glycol diacetate 19.5%, methyl carbamate 5%, N-ethyl pyrrolidone 1.5%, dimethyl sulfoxide 1.5% and N, N-dimethyl pelargonide 10% of the total weight of the emulsion; the vegetable oil is cashew nut shell oil; the stabilizer is BHT; the emulsifier is a mixture of triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer; the synergist is organic silicon polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersant is phosphate anions; the antifreezing agent is glycerol, and the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.
The preparation method of the abamectin nanoemulsion comprises the following steps: weighing 10g of abamectin original drug, 37.5g of propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethyl pyrrolidone, a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyl decanamide, 0.5g of cashew nut shell oil, 3g of BHT and 1.5g of organic silicon polyoxyethylene ether according to the proportion, stirring until the mixture is clear and transparent, adding 20g of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer mixture and 0.02g of dimethyl silicone oil, and stirring to form an oil phase. 2g of dispersing agent, 5g of antifreezing agent and 20.48g of water are weighed according to the proportion, mixed and stirred to form a water phase. Adding the water phase into the oil phase under the action of high-speed shearing to form 10% avermectin nano emulsion.
Example 4
The avermectin nanoemulsion of the embodiment takes avermectin as an effective component, and is prepared by matching with a solvent, vegetable oil, a stabilizer, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a synergist, an antifreeze, an antifoaming agent and water to form the avermectin nanoemulsion. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
abamectin B2: 10 percent of
Solvent: 37.5 percent
Vegetable oil: 0.5 percent;
light stabilizer: 3 percent of
Emulsifier: 20 percent;
a synergist: 1.5 percent;
dispersing agent: 2 percent;
an antifreezing agent: 5 percent;
defoaming agent: 0.02 percent;
soft water: 20.48 percent
Wherein the solvent is propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethyl pyrrolidone, the combination of dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyl octyl decanamide, the propylene glycol diacetate accounts for 19.5 percent, the methyl carbamate accounts for 5 percent, the N-ethyl pyrrolidone accounts for 1.5 percent, the dimethyl sulfoxide accounts for 1.5 percent, and the N, N-dimethyl octyl decanamide accounts for 10 percent of the total weight of the emulsion; the vegetable oil is cashew nut shell oil; the light stabilizer is triethyl citrate; the emulsifier is a mixture of triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer; the synergist is sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; the dispersant is phosphate anions; the antifreezing agent is glycerol, and the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.
The preparation method of the abamectin nanoemulsion comprises the following steps: weighing 10g of abamectin original drug, 37.5g of propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethyl pyrrolidone, a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and N, N-dimethyl octyl decanoamide, 0.5g of cashew nut shell oil, 3g of BHT and 1.5g of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate according to the proportion, stirring until the mixture is clear and transparent, adding 20g of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer mixture and 0.02g of dimethyl silicone oil, and stirring to form an oil phase. 2g of dispersing agent, 5g of antifreezing agent and 20.48g of water are weighed according to the proportion, mixed and stirred to form a water phase. Adding the water phase into the oil phase under the action of high-speed shearing to form 10% avermectin B2 nano emulsion.
Example 5
The avermectin nanoemulsion of the embodiment takes avermectin as an effective component, and is prepared by matching with a solvent, vegetable oil, a stabilizer, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a synergist, an antifreeze, an antifoaming agent and water to form the avermectin nanoemulsion. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
abamectin: 5 percent of
Solvent: 30 percent of
Vegetable oil: 0.5 percent;
light stabilizer: 1.5 percent
Emulsifier: 15 percent;
a synergist: 3 percent;
dispersing agent: 2 percent;
an antifreezing agent: 5 percent;
defoaming agent: 0.01 percent;
soft water: 37.99 percent
Wherein, the solvent is the combination of propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate: 22.5% of propylene glycol diacetate and 7.5% of methyl carbamate based on the total weight of the emulsion; the vegetable oil is cashew nut shell oil; the light stabilizer is BHT; the emulsifier is a mixture of triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer; the synergist is organic silicon polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersant is phosphate anions; the antifreezing agent is glycerol, and the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.
The preparation method of the abamectin nanoemulsion comprises the following steps: weighing 10g of abamectin original drug, 22.5g of propylene glycol diacetate, 7.5g of methyl carbamate, 0.5g of cashew nut shell oil, 1.5g of BHT and 3g of organic silicon polyoxyethylene ether according to the proportion, stirring until the mixture is clear and transparent, adding 20g of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer mixture and 0.01g of dimethyl silicone oil, and stirring to form an oil phase. 2g of dispersant, 5g of antifreeze and 37.99g of water are weighed according to the proportion and mixed and stirred to form a water phase. Adding the water phase into the oil phase under the action of high-speed shearing to form 5% avermectin nano emulsion.
Example 6 the avermectin nanoemulsion prepared in the above example was subjected to a drug effect test on cabbage diamondback moth in the field, and 5% avermectin emulsifiable solution (commercially available) and 10% avermectin suspending agent (commercially available) and 10% avermectin water dispersible granule (commercially available) were used as control drugs, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The field pesticide effect test method is characterized in that the pesticide (I) is used for preventing and controlling Lepidoptera larvae of cruciferous vegetables according to GB/T17980.13-2000 field pesticide effect test criterion
TABLE 1 Abamectin nanoemulsion field Effect on controlling cabbage diamondback moth
The experiment results in table 1 show that the avermectin nanoemulsion has the control effect on cabbage diamondback moth for 1-3 days higher than 88%, and is superior to a control medicament. In the aspect of persistent performance, the control effect of the abamectin nano emulsion after 28 days can reach more than 71 percent, the control effect after 42 days is also higher than 62 percent, and the abamectin nano emulsion is completely superior to a control medicament, thereby indicating that the preparation has excellent slow release performance.
Example 7 the avermectin nanoemulsion prepared in the above example was subjected to a pharmacodynamic test in the field on cotton red spiders, and the test results are shown in table 2, using 5% avermectin emulsifiable solution (commercially available), 10% avermectin suspending agent (commercially available) and 10% avermectin water dispersible granule (commercially available) as control agents.
The field pesticide effect test method is that the pesticide is used for preventing and controlling cotton red spiders according to GB/T17980.74-2000 field pesticide effect test criterion (II)
TABLE 2 Abamectin nanoemulsion field Effect on prevention and treatment of cotton red spider
The experimental results in table 2 show that the avermectin nanoemulsion has the prevention and treatment effect on the cotton red spiders for 1 to 3 days higher than 91 percent, and is superior to a control medicament. In the aspect of persistent performance, the control effect of the abamectin nano emulsion after 28 days can reach more than 75%, and the control effect after 42 days is also higher than 64%, which is completely superior to that of a control medicament, and shows that the preparation has a good effect on preventing cotton red spiders.
Example 8
The avermectin nanoemulsion prepared in the above example is used for carrying out a drug effect test on citrus red spiders in the field, 5% avermectin emulsifiable solution (sold in the market), 10% avermectin suspending agent (sold in the market) and 10% avermectin water dispersible granules (sold in the market) are used as control agents, and the test results are shown in table 3.
The field pesticide effect test method is based on GB/T17980.38-2000 field pesticide effect test criterion
TABLE 3 Abamectin nanoemulsion field Effect on controlling cucumber root-knot nematode
The experimental results in table 3 show that the avermectin nanoemulsion of the example 2 and the example 4 has the control effect on the cucumber root-knot nematode higher than 89% in 1-3 days, and is superior to a control medicament. In the aspect of persistent performance, the control effect of the abamectin nanoemulsion after 28 days can reach more than 77%, and the control effect of the abamectin nanoemulsion after 42 days is also higher than 66%, which is completely superior to that of a control medicament, and shows that the preparation has a good effect on preventing the root-knot nematodes of cucumbers.
All documents referred to herein are incorporated by reference into this application as if each were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (32)
1. The pesticide preparation is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the pesticide preparation: 5-10 wt% of abamectin, 10-40 wt% of organic solvent, 10-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer, 0.1-2 wt% of vegetable oil, 1-5 wt% of synergist, 1-3 wt% of dispersant, 3-5 wt% of antifreezing agent, 0.01-0.05 wt% of defoaming agent and water, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate;
the total content of the propylene glycol diacetate and the methyl carbamate is at least 40 wt% based on the total weight of the organic solvent; and the weight ratio of the propylene glycol diacetate to the methyl carbamate is 8:1-2: 1;
the emulsifier is selected from one or more of the following groups: triphenylethylene phenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether and nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer;
the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of: 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), triethyl citrate (TEC), vitamin C, or a combination thereof;
the synergist is selected from the following group: azone, thioxanthone, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, silicone polyoxyethylene ether, or combinations thereof;
the vegetable oil is selected from the group consisting of: oleic acid, methyl oleate, castor oil, eucalyptus oil, olive oil, cashew nut shell oil, or combinations thereof;
the dispersant is phosphate anionic dispersant; and is
The pesticide preparation is microemulsion, and the particle size of the microemulsion is 1-100 nm.
2. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is present in an amount of 15 to 40 wt% based on the total weight of the pesticidal formulation.
3. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the total content of propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is from 40 to 80 wt%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
4. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the propylene glycol diacetate is present in an amount of 30 to 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
5. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the propylene glycol diacetate is present in an amount of 40-60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the organic solvent.
6. A pesticidal formulation according to claim 1, wherein the methyl methylcarbamate is present in an amount of at least 5% w, based on the total weight of organic solvent.
7. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent further comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of: n-ethyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethyl decanamide and N, N-dimethyl octadecanamide.
8. The agricultural chemical preparation of claim 7, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate, methyl carbamate, N-ethylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and one or both of N, N-dimethyldecanamide and N, N-dimethyloctadecanamide.
9. The agricultural chemical formulation of claim 8, wherein the organic solvent comprises, in parts by weight, 20 to 55 parts of propylene glycol diacetate, 10 to 30 parts of methyl carbamate, 1 to 10 parts of N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1 to 10 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, and 20 to 25 parts of N, N-dimethyldecanamide.
10. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the total content of propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate is from 6 to 40 wt% based on the total weight of the pesticidal formulation.
11. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the propylene glycol diacetate is present in an amount of 5 to 30 wt.%, based on the total weight of the pesticidal formulation.
12. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the methyl methylcarbamate is present in an amount of 1-10 w%, based on the total weight of the pesticidal formulation.
13. The pesticide formulation of claim 1, wherein said avermectin comprises avermectin B1 and/or avermectin B2.
14. The pesticide formulation of claim 13, wherein said avermectin B1 comprises avermectin B1a and/or avermectin B1B.
15. The pesticide formulation of claim 13, wherein said avermectin B2 comprises avermectin B2a and/or avermectin B2B.
16. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier comprises at least three of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, and a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
17. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier comprises tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, and a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
18. The pesticide formulation of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier comprises, in parts by weight, 2-8 parts of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 2-8 parts of phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 1-2 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2 parts of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, and 1-2 parts of a nonionic hydroxy polyethylene oxide block copolymer.
19. The pesticide formulation of claim 1, further comprising a wetting agent, a pH adjuster, a thickener, or a combination thereof.
20. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil is cashew nut shell oil.
21. The pesticide formulation of claim 1, consisting essentially of, based on the total weight of the pesticide formulation:
5-10 wt% of abamectin, 10-40 wt% of organic solvent, 10-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer, 0.1-2 wt% of vegetable oil, 1-5 wt% of synergist, 1-3 wt% of dispersant, 3-5 wt% of antifreezing agent, 0.01-0.05 wt% of defoaming agent and the balance of water.
22. The pesticide formulation of claim 21, wherein said anti-freeze agent is selected from the group consisting of: urea, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, or a combination thereof.
23. The pesticide formulation of claim 21, wherein said antifoaming agent is a dimethicone, an isomeric alcohol ether, or a combination thereof.
24. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the microemulsion has a particle size of 15-50 nm.
25. The pesticidal formulation of claim 1, wherein the pesticidal formulation is prepared by an emulsified oil process or an emulsified water process.
26. Use of the pesticidal formulation of any one of claims 1-25 for controlling a pest selected from the group consisting of: lepidopteran pests, mites, nematodes, or combinations thereof.
27. The use as claimed in claim 26 for preventing and/or inhibiting pests in agriculture, forestry or horticulture.
28. A method of preparing a pesticidal formulation according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(a) mixing 5-10 wt% of abamectin, 10-40 wt% of organic solvent, 10-20 wt% of emulsifier, 0.5-3 wt% of stabilizer, water and auxiliary agent, wherein the organic solvent comprises propylene glycol diacetate and methyl carbamate to obtain a mixture; and
(b) emulsifying the mixture in the step (a) to obtain the pesticide preparation.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the auxiliary agent is selected from the group consisting of: a synergist, a vegetable oil, a dispersant, a wetting agent, an antifreeze, a defoamer, a pH adjuster, a thickener, or a combination thereof.
30. The method of claim 28, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing abamectin, an organic solvent, vegetable oil, a synergist, a stabilizer, an emulsifier and a defoaming agent to obtain an oil phase;
(2) mixing a dispersing agent, an antifreezing agent and water to obtain a water phase;
(3) and mixing the water phase and the oil phase, and emulsifying to obtain the pesticide preparation.
31. The method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the rotation speed of the emulsification in step (b) is 1000-2500 rpm.
32. The method of claim 28, wherein in step (b), the emulsification time is 30-60 min.
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