Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1: with finished product-aqueous emulsion is that weight 100% is calculated, Avermectin with 0.1% is with 3% methanol solvate, after temperature is to stir dilution dissolving in 2 hours under 30 ℃ of situations, the 600# emulsifier of adding 5%, 5% ethylene glycol antifreeze, 0.05% silicone defoaming agent and water polishing, make above raw material weight sum reach 99%, in temperature is to stir 2 hours under 25 ℃ of situations, after shearing is uniformly dispersed through high-shear emulsion machine, the Magnesiumaluminumsilicate thickener of adding 1%, under the normal temperature situation, evenly stir and made emulsion in 1 hour, carry out shearing in 1 hour at normal temperatures through high-shear emulsion machine again and be uniformly dispersed, promptly make the disinsection aqueous emulsion that contains Avermectin.
Its every physical and chemical performance desired value is as follows:
Avermectin B
1Mass fraction, % 0.1
PH value 4.5~7.0
Pourability: topple over the back residue, %≤6.0
Washing back residue, %≤2.0
Stability of emulsion (diluting 200 times) is qualified
Lasting foaming characteristic (behind the 1min), ml≤60
Low-temperature stability is qualified
Heat storage stability (54 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 14d) resolution ratio, %≤10.0
Embodiment 2: with finished product-aqueous emulsion is that weight 100% is calculated, Avermectin with 0.5% is with 8% dissolve with ethanol, after temperature is to stir dilution dissolving in 2 hours under 30 ℃ of situations, the 700# emulsifier of adding 8%, 4% glycerine antifreeze, 0.08% silicone defoaming agent and water polishing, make above raw material weight sum reach 99.2%, in temperature is to stir 2 hours under 25 ℃ of situations, after shearing is uniformly dispersed through high-shear emulsion machine, the Magnesiumaluminumsilicate thickener of adding 0.8%, under the normal temperature situation, evenly stir and made emulsion in 1 hour, carry out shearing in 1 hour at normal temperatures through high-shear emulsion machine again and be uniformly dispersed, promptly make the disinsection aqueous emulsion that contains Avermectin.
Its every physical and chemical performance desired value is as follows:
Avermectin B
1Mass fraction, % 〉=0.5
PH value 4.5~7.0
Pourability: topple over the back residue, %≤6.0
Washing back residue, %≤2.0
Stability of emulsion (diluting 200 times) is qualified
Lasting foaming characteristic (behind the 1min), ml≤60
Low-temperature stability is qualified
Heat storage stability (54 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 14d) resolution ratio, %≤10.0
Embodiment 3: with finished product-aqueous emulsion is that weight 100% is calculated, avermitilis strain with 1% is with 10% cyclohexanone solvent, after temperature is to stir dilution dissolving in 2 hours under 30 ℃ of situations, the NP-10 emulsifier of adding 10%, 3% propane diols antifreeze, 0.1% silicone defoaming agent and water polishing reach 99.4%, after temperature is that stirring shearing in 2 hours is uniformly dispersed under 25 ℃ of situations, the xanthans thickener of adding 0.6%, under the normal temperature situation, evenly stirred 1 hour, the process high-shear emulsion machine is sheared and is uniformly dispersed again, promptly makes the disinsection aqueous emulsion that contains Avermectin.
Its every physical and chemical performance desired value is as follows:
Avermectin B
1Mass fraction, % 1
PH value 4.5~7.0
Pourability: topple over the back residue, %≤6.0
Washing back residue, %≤2.0
Stability of emulsion (diluting 200 times) is qualified
Lasting foaming characteristic (behind the 1min), ml≤60
Low-temperature stability is qualified
Heat storage stability (54 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 14d) resolution ratio, %≤10.0
Embodiment 4: with finished product-aqueous emulsion is that weight 100% is calculated, Avermectin with 5% is with 35% cyclohexanone solvent, after temperature is to stir dilution dissolving in 2 hours under 30 ℃ of situations, the 602# emulsifier of adding 25%, 2% propane diols antifreeze, 0.2% silicone defoaming agent and water polishing, make above raw material weight sum reach 99.5%, in temperature is to stir 2 hours under 25 ℃ of situations, after shearing is uniformly dispersed through high-shear emulsion machine, the xanthans thickener of adding 0.5%, under the normal temperature situation, evenly stir and made emulsion in 1 hour, carry out shearing in 1 hour at normal temperatures through high-shear emulsion machine again and be uniformly dispersed, promptly make the disinsection aqueous emulsion that contains Avermectin.
Its every physical and chemical performance desired value is as follows:
Avermectin B
1Mass fraction, % 5
PH value 4.5~7.0
Pourability: topple over the back residue, %≤6.0
Washing back residue, %≤2.0
Stability of emulsion (diluting 200 times) is qualified
Lasting foaming characteristic (behind the 1min), ml≤60
Low-temperature stability is qualified
Heat storage stability (54 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 14d) resolution ratio, %≤10.0
Embodiment 5: with finished product-aqueous emulsion is that weight 100% is calculated, Avermectin with 3% is with 25% cyclohexanone solvent, after temperature is to stir dilution dissolving in 2 hours under 30 ℃ of situations, the 602# emulsifier of adding 20%, 2% ethylene glycol antifreeze, 0.05% silicone defoaming agent and water polishing, make above raw material weight sum reach 99.5%, in temperature is to stir 2 hours under 25 ℃ of situations, after shearing is uniformly dispersed through high-shear emulsion machine, the xanthans thickener of adding 0.5%, under the normal temperature situation, evenly stir and made emulsion in 1 hour, carry out shearing in 1 hour at normal temperatures through high-shear emulsion machine again and be uniformly dispersed, promptly make the disinsection aqueous emulsion that contains Avermectin.
Its every physical and chemical performance desired value is as follows:
Avermectin B
1Mass fraction, % 3
PH value 4.5~7.0
Pourability: topple over the back residue, %≤6.0
Washing back residue, %≤2.0
Stability of emulsion (diluting 200 times) is qualified
Lasting foaming characteristic (behind the 1min), ml≤60
Low-temperature stability is qualified
Heat storage stability (54 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 14d) resolution ratio, %≤10.0
The aqueous emulsion of agricultural chemicals (Emulsion in water, EW) also claim emulsifiable concentrate (ConcentratedEmulsion, CE), be the liquid that water-fast crude oil or water-fast former medicine are dissolved in the organic solvent gained, be dispersed in the suspended substance in the water, outward appearance is opaque emulsion, and oil bead diameter is generally 0.7~20 μ m, and more satisfactory scope is 1.5~3.5 μ m.Compare with missible oil, aqueous emulsion is owing to contain or only contain a small amount of poisonous inflammable aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, thus can avoid producing with transporting procedures in inflammable and explosive phenomenon.This formulation does not have unpleasant poisonous smell, and is little to eye irritation, reduced the pollution to environment, improved the safety to production, storing and user greatly.In addition, aqueous emulsion is a matrix with the water of cheapness, and the emulsifier consumption is 2%~10%, and is approximate with missible oil.Though increased auxiliary agents such as some co-emulsifiers, antifreeze, on economic benefit, can compete with corresponding missible oil.Aqueous emulsion sprays that droplet is bigger than missible oil, and drift alleviates, after vestiges that stay after not having wetting powder to squirt and missible oil use, and fruit powder phenomenon such as come off.Existing many evidences, the drug effect of aqueous emulsion is suitable in the corresponding missible oil with dosage, and the toxicity of warm blooded animal is reduced greatly, and is good with the miscibilty of other medicaments such as suspending agent or liquid fertilizer.
Avermectin (abamectin) is called avermectin, desinsection element, worm mite light, green dish treasured again.Its physicochemical property: former medicine is white or yellow-white crystal powder, active constituent content 75%~80%, proportion 1.16,155~157 ℃ of fusing points, vapour pressure 2 * 10
-7Pa, solvability is 7.8 micrograms per litre in water in the time of 21 ℃, 100 mg/ml in the acetone, 20 mg/ml in the ethanol, 19.5 mg/ml in the methyl alcohol, 10 mg/ml in the chloroform, 6 mg/ml in the cyclohexane, 70 mg/ml in the isopropyl alcohol; 0.5 mg/ml in the kerosene, 350 mg/ml in the toluene.Normal temperature is difficult for down decomposing, and in the time of 25 ℃, does not have decomposing phenomenon in the solution of pH6~9.The preparation outward appearance is light brown liquid, and storage at normal temperature stability is more than 2 years.
The toxicity of Avermectin: according to Chinese pesticide toxicity grading criteria, Avermectin belongs to high malicious insecticide.Former medicine rat acute per os LD50 is 10 mg/kg, and chmice acute per os LD50 is 13 mg/kg, rabbit acute through skin LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg, greater than 380 mg/kg, rat acute is inhaled LC50 greater than 5.7 mg/litre to rat acute through skin LD50.Skin is had no stimulation, eyes are had the minimal irritation effect.In test dose, animal there are not teratogenesis, carcinogenic, mutagenesis.Rat three-generation test of reproduction, action-less dose are 0.12 mg/kg/day.2 years action-less doses of rat are 2 mg/kg/day.To the high poison of aquatile, 96 hours LC50 of trout are 3.6 micrograms per litre, and 96 hours LC50 of blue gill sunfish are 9.6 micrograms per litre.To the high poison of honeybee, per os LD50 is 0.009 microgram/head, and contact LD50 is 0.002 microgram/head, but the LT50 that remains in the blade face is 4 hours, and the medicament that remained in the blade face in 4 hours later on is to the honeybee low toxicity.To the birds low toxicity, quail acute oral LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg, and wild duck acute oral LD50 is 86.4 mg/kg.Preparation rat acute per os LD50 is 650 mg/kg, rabbit acute through skin LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg.It is 1.1 mg/litre that rat acute is inhaled LC50.Eyes and skin there is spread effect.
The preparation of Avermectin: 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate (every liter contains effective composition 18 grams).Its effect characteristics: Avermectin has stomach toxicity and action of contace poison to mite class and insect, can not kill ovum.What mechanism of action was different with general insecticide is the neurophysiology activity of disturbing, and stimulate to discharge Y one aminobutyric acid, and aminobutyric acid has inhibitory action to arthropodan nerve conduction.Mite class adult, nymph and insect larvae with paralysis symptom promptly appears after Avermectin contacts, inertia, do not get food, dead after 2~4 days.Because of not causing that insect dewaters rapidly, so the Avermectin lethal effect is slower.Though it is Avermectin has direct action of contace poison to insect predator and insect parasite,, therefore very little to the damage of beneficial insect because of plant surface is residual few.Avermectin can not moved by adsorption by soil in soil, and by microbial decomposition, thereby in environment, do not have cumulative function, can be used as a part of integrated control.Modulation easily, and is also safer to crop with stirring a little in the preparation water of falling people and can using, and uses by the method for introducing and poisoning can not take place.
In general, the pesticide original medicine that is used for process water emulsion requires fusing point less than 60 ℃, and tool is fat-soluble, and solvability should be less than below 0.1% in the water, and energy is steady in a long-term in water.When mixing with other agricultural chemicals, do not have chemical change between former medicine, a small amount of solvent of interpolation is water insoluble.Water-soluble high agricultural chemicals is very big to the emulsion stability influence, can not be processed into aqueous emulsion.The active ingredient of aqueous emulsion is generally below 30%, and concentration Tai Gaoyi is the water-in-oil type suspended substance from the oil-in-water type phase inversion.
The good fluidity of the disinsection aqueous emulsion that contains Avermectin of the present invention before storage, after storing, not stratified, do not lump, water absorption rate is very low, chemical stability is good.The disinsection aqueous emulsion applicable crops that contains Avermectin: vegetables, oranges and tangerines, cotton etc.Its controlling object: the antagonism insect has special efficacy, as diamond-back moth, leaf miner, two spotted spider mite, rust mite etc.Its application technology: Avermectin has stomach toxicity and action of contace poison to mite class and insect, permeability is strong, soup infiltrates the numerous miniature anther sac of formation in the mesophyll rapidly after being sprayed onto plant leaf surface, the larval feeding of the adult of mite class, nymph and insect with contact soup after paralysis symptom appears immediately, inertia, do not get food, dead after 2~4 days.The medicament on the residual blade face of Avermectin is few,, and be broken down into innocuous substance very soon, so lethal little to natural enemy.Avermectin does not have ovicidal action.
The disinsection aqueous emulsion that contains Avermectin is used to prevent and treat mite classes such as two spotted spider mite, rust mite and adds 20~33 milliliters of 1.8% Avermectin (valid density 3.6 mg/litre) with 3000~5000 times of liquid of 1.8% Avermectin or per 100 premium on currency.Be used to prevent and treat lepidopterous insects larvas such as diamond-back moth, add 33~50 milliliters of 1.8% Avermectin (valid density 6~9 mg/litre) spraying with 2000~3000 times of liquid of 1.8% Avermectin or per 100 premium on currency.Pesticide supplying effect is best when just hatching with larva, adds millesimal vegetable oil and can improve drug effect.30~40 milliliters of every mu of usefulness of cotton field control two spotted spider mite 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrates (active ingredient 0.54~0.72 gram), the lasting period can reach 30 days.Abamectin pest killing, the speed of killing mite are slower, and dead worm peaks appear in 3 talentes after dispenser, but promptly stop to get the food and the plant of no longer causing harm dispenser insect on the same day, evil moth.