CN1094486A - 一种复合形式的桩 - Google Patents
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/14—Non-metallic plugs or sleeves; Use of liquid, loose solid or kneadable material therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/06—Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers ; Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
- C04B40/0641—Mechanical separation of ingredients, e.g. accelerator in breakable microcapsules
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/06—Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers ; Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
- E21D20/023—Cartridges; Grouting charges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/14—Non-metallic plugs or sleeves; Use of liquid, loose solid or kneadable material therefor
- F16B13/141—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material
- F16B13/143—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material using frangible cartridges or capsules containing the setting components
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
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- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Pyrane Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Cable Accessories (AREA)
- Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于将桩杆固定于钻好的孔中的复合形式
的桩，其中管壳充有作为一种组分的矿物砂浆并带有
一个装有水组分的内容器。为了获得两种组分相同
的和均匀的混合，水组分与一种具有触变作用的物质
配制而成，这样使得它在不受到剪切力时呈糊状。
Description
本发明涉及一种复合形式的桩，它包括有一个桩杆和一个充有能硬化的粘接剂的两种组分的可破碎管壳，其中一种组分为矿物砂浆，另一种组分是水，此二种组分被一个类似的可破碎的内容器被此隔开，并借助于桩杆而将它们混合起来，为的是将桩杆固定在钻好的孔中。
由欧洲专利EP-A-502，348号已知，用于复合形式的桩的管壳具有作为一种组分的矿物砂浆和作为另一种组分的水，水被放在一个有数个容器段的内容器中，这些容器段分布在管壳的长度上，并可以在桩杆被推进时逐个地破碎。靠水组分在管壳的整个长度的这种分布，砂浆应该均匀地被水渗透，并且应该得到均匀的混合和理想的硬化。已有的解决办法提出一种结构非常复杂的内容器和几个用来充满水的均匀分布的小容器，在某些情况下这些小容器仍不得不靠定位手段的帮助在管壳中分配。尽管已知的管壳有这种非常复杂的构形，依然不可能防止水组分的不均匀分布以及某些水的逸出，至少当桩杆被放进位置中时会这样。结果，粘接剂混合得不充分，正如所预期的有水平方向的孔洞，而在驾空安装中甚至会更明显。因此，桩杆的固定极不协调，并且相应地在安全上也产生危险。
本发明就是基于改进上述所提及的那种复合形式的桩，这种改进与一种内容器的简单构形相结合使得在钻好的孔的任何位置粘接剂的混合都均匀。
按照本发明，通过水组分与一种具有触变作用的物质的配制，以便其在不受剪切力时呈糊状来解决这一问题。水组分中的有触变作用的物质（即触变剂）使水组分呈糊状，以致当管壳破碎时，不管钻好的孔是如何走向，水组分均不能逸散。当把桩杆插入到钻好的孔中时，旋转桩杆所产生的剪切力随着桩杆的前进使水组分液化，以使粘接剂被均匀地浸溃和混合。粉状的砂浆和水两种物质都被粘结在糊状混合物中，从而使得甚至在驾空安装中也不用担心在混合过程发生时两种组分中的任一种由钻好的孔逸散。一旦粘接剂硬化，两种组分的均匀混合会产生桩杆的强固定力。
对于管壳和粘接剂的两种组分均采用无机物质使得产物在生态上是安全的，也满足了所有的防火要求。而且，可以使用熔化的方式封闭作为内容器的简单的玻璃柱体，从而可以合理的成本制作整个桩用管壳。
已经证明无定形的热解硅酸特别适用于作为有触变作用的物质（即触变剂），它与水组分以0.5%至10%的比例混合。为了确保混合过程中水组分的均匀分布，用水组分来充满内容器并使内容器的长度与管壳的内部空间的长度相一致是可取的。
按照本发明的管壳，使用一个这样的桩杆是进一步有利的，在桩杆朝着钻好的孔的一端具有一个朝向该端部变宽并被一个桩套所包住的扩展锥体，此桩套借助于扩展锥体被扩张。如果发生作用在桩杆上的拉应力，扩展锥体被拉进牢固地粘接进钻好的孔中的桩套里，从而通过安排在桩杆上的扩展锥体在钻好的孔的底部产生的附加的膨胀力。结果，只有压缩力作用在钻好的孔中硬化了的砂浆核芯上，特别是在有裂缝的混凝土的情况下，这使得固定增加。因此，按照本发明的复合形式的桩适用于承受拉力的部位。
下面参考有关附图及所说明的实施例，将详细地解释本发明的内容、特点及其他目的。
将玻璃制成的管壳3放置在构件2已钻好的孔1中。在管壳3中有一个内容器4，它也可能由玻璃制成，其长度与外管壳3的长度大致相等。在内容器4中有已被一种具有触变作用的物质（触变剂）如无定形的热解硅酸变得粘稠而形成糊状的水组分5。硅酸所占的比例为0.5%至10%。外管壳中充满矿物砂浆6作为粘接剂的第二种组分。两个管壳都用熔化它们的开口端的方法封闭起来。
通过桩杆7作用造成两个管壳的破裂和粘接剂的组份的释放，为了这个目的，桩杆有一个楔形的顶端8。桩杆7借助一台钻孔机旋入钻好的孔中从而桩杆产生剪切力，所产生的剪切力将水组份液化并随着桩杆的前进把水组分提供给相应的具有触变作用的物质（触变剂）。因此，立即产生出一种粘接剂的糊状混合物，这防止了特别是水组分的逸散。这样，甚至在驾空安装中使用这种复合形式的桩也是可能的。
把桩杆7几乎旋进达到钻好的孔的底部，以便将整个管壳破碎并将粘接剂的组分与两个管壳的玻璃碎片充分地混合在一起。在粘接剂硬化以后，桩杆7被牢固地粘接在构件2钻好的孔1中。
本实施例中的桩杆7有一个收缩的部分9，在其朝着钻好的孔的一端相邻接的是一个扩展锥体10。这个扩展锥体10以及收缩部分9都包覆在用例如塑料材料制成的桩套11中。桩套11设有纵向槽12，且以相对较大的间隔，还具有园周槽13，为的是改进在钻好的孔中的粘接。当桩杆被粘连上之后作用在桩杆7上的拉力把扩展锥体10拉进桩套11中，特别是当由于形成裂缝的缘故而使钻好的孔变宽时尤其如此，这样一来，出现了附加的作用在桩套11上的膨胀力。这些膨胀力相对于钻好的孔的壁和粘接剂的硬化核芯对桩套施以压力，因此，补偿了钻好的孔的变宽并加强了固定力。而管壳与桩杆的特殊的构形使得按照本发明的复合形式的桩适用于在受拉力的部位进行固定。
Claims (5)
1、一种复合形式的桩，它包括有一个桩杆和一个充有能硬化的粘接剂的两种组分的可破碎管壳，其中一种组分为矿物砂浆，而另一组分是水，二种组分被一个类似的可破碎的内容器彼此隔开，并借助于桩杆而将它们混合起来，为的是将桩杆固定在钻好的孔中；其特征在于，水组分(5)与一种具有触变作用的物质(即触变剂)配制而成，这样使得它在不受剪切力时呈糊状。
2、按照权利要求1所述的复合形式的桩，其特征在于，具有触变作用的物质（即触变剂）是无定形的热解硅酸，其与水组分（5）以0.5%至2%的比例混合。
3、按照权利要求1所述的复合形式的桩，其特征在于，水组分（5）充满内容器（4），内容器的长度接近管壳（3）的内部空间的长度。
4、按照权利要求1所述的复合形式的桩，其特征在于，桩杆（7）在其朝着钻好的孔的一端有一个扩展锥体（10），该锥体朝着端部变宽并且外面包覆着一个桩套（11），该桩套靠扩展锥体扩张。
5、按照权利要求1所述的复合形式的桩，其特征在于，具有触变作用的物质（触变剂）是无定形的热解硅酸，它与水组分（5）以0.5%至10%的比例混合。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4238177A DE4238177A1 (de) | 1992-11-12 | 1992-11-12 | Verbundanker |
| DEP4238177.0 | 1992-11-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1094486A true CN1094486A (zh) | 1994-11-02 |
| CN1054187C CN1054187C (zh) | 2000-07-05 |
Family
ID=6472698
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93114674A Expired - Fee Related CN1054187C (zh) | 1992-11-12 | 1993-11-12 | 一种复合形式的桩 |
Country Status (24)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5953879A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0597217B1 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JPH06221312A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR960012150B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1054187C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE135800T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU4758593A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9304704A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2102826C (zh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ280619B6 (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE4238177A1 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK0597217T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2085698T3 (zh) |
| FI (1) | FI934946A (zh) |
| HR (1) | HRP931383B1 (zh) |
| HU (1) | HU213075B (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO179984C (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL172535B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2087761C1 (zh) |
| SG (1) | SG46370A1 (zh) |
| SI (1) | SI9300590A (zh) |
| SK (1) | SK278366B6 (zh) |
| YU (1) | YU48520B (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA938386B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4342887A1 (de) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-06-22 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Verbundanker |
| DE4432879A1 (de) * | 1994-09-15 | 1996-03-21 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Aushärtbare Mörtelmasse |
| DE19608807A1 (de) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-09-18 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Aushärtbare Mörtelmasse |
| DE19734302A1 (de) * | 1997-08-08 | 1999-02-11 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Aushärtbare Mörtelmasse |
| DE19802185A1 (de) | 1998-01-16 | 1999-09-09 | Pannach | Selbsthalteanker (SEHA) |
| US6416256B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2002-07-09 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Method of making and applying chemical anchoring adhesive |
| US6402434B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2002-06-11 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Method of applying chemical anchoring adhesive |
| US6403678B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2002-06-11 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Rope of chemical anchoring adhesive |
| US6291555B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2001-09-18 | Illinois Tool Works Inc | Highly viscous chemical anchoring adhesive |
| US6420458B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2002-07-16 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Solid amine-cured anchoring adhesive |
| SG92810A1 (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-11-19 | Illinois Tool Works | Viscous and amine-cured chemical anchoring adhesive |
| US7368170B2 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2008-05-06 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Viscous chemical anchoring adhesive |
| US7226650B2 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2007-06-05 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Wrapped highly viscous chemical anchoring adhesive |
| FR2896283B1 (fr) * | 2006-01-13 | 2008-02-29 | Prospection Et D Inv S Techniq | Cheville chimique a enveloppe compressible a produit polymerisable |
| WO2007089010A1 (ja) * | 2006-02-01 | 2007-08-09 | Sanko Techno Co., Ltd. | 接着系アンカー、接着系アンカーの施工方法 |
| US20070212187A1 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Martin Tervo | Anchor and method of operating the same |
| DE202008013067U1 (de) * | 2008-10-02 | 2010-02-25 | Hettich-Heinze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Klebedübel |
| DE102009001749B4 (de) * | 2009-03-23 | 2011-05-19 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Anschlussvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erstellung eines Anschlusses |
| US8517641B2 (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2013-08-27 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Anchoring adhesive combination and integrated method of applying it |
| US8585335B2 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2013-11-19 | Alessandro Carbonelli | Anchor bolt installation system |
| RU2495248C2 (ru) * | 2009-12-14 | 2013-10-10 | Андрей Иванович Киприянов | Разрушаемая ампула с водосодержащим минеральным наполнителем для закрепления анкера в отверстии |
| US9133630B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2015-09-15 | Dean Dougherty | Fastener anchor repair system and method |
| JP5566553B1 (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-06 | 旭産商株式会社 | アンカー部材およびその施工方法 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3618326A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1971-11-09 | American Cyanamid Co | Resin anchored reinforced brittle structures |
| GB1293619A (en) * | 1970-08-15 | 1972-10-18 | Asporlian Ltd | Improvements in or relating to means for anchor bolting |
| GB1312904A (en) * | 1971-02-16 | 1973-04-11 | Strata Mining Patents Ltd | Rock bolting |
| DE2544980A1 (de) * | 1975-10-08 | 1977-04-14 | Upat Max Langensiepen Kg | Klebepatrone |
| WO1979001144A1 (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1979-12-27 | Fosroc International Ltd | Anchoring cartridges |
| GB1599916A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-10-07 | Exchem Holdings | Cementitious cartridge for rock-bolting |
| GB1599918A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-10-07 | Exchem Holdings | Grouting cartridge for rock-bolting |
| JPS5510655U (zh) * | 1978-07-08 | 1980-01-23 | ||
| DE2845107C2 (de) * | 1978-10-17 | 1982-09-09 | Fischer, Artur, Dr.H.C., 7244 Waldachtal | Verfahren zum Einbringen einer Klebemasse in ein Bohrloch |
| DE3209018A1 (de) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-15 | Fischer, Artur, Dr.H.C., 7244 Waldachtal | Verankerung eines schlagspreizduebels in einem eine hinterschneidung aufweisenden bohrloch |
| DE3247227A1 (de) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-07-05 | Hilti Ag, Schaan | Verankerungsmittel |
| DE3416094A1 (de) * | 1984-04-30 | 1985-10-31 | Hilti Ag, Schaan | Zerstoerbare patrone fuer mehrkomponenten-massen |
| DE3914072C2 (de) * | 1989-04-28 | 2001-10-18 | Hilti Ag | Hinterschnitt-Verankerung |
| US5073064A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1991-12-17 | Birmingham Bolt Company | Method and apparatus for retorquing an installed mine roof bolt |
| DE4100386A1 (de) * | 1991-01-09 | 1992-07-16 | Hilti Ag | In gegenwart von wasser abbindende massen und deren verwendung |
| DE4106311C1 (zh) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-10-01 | Maechtle Gmbh, 7015 Korntal-Muenchingen, De |
-
1992
- 1992-11-12 DE DE4238177A patent/DE4238177A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-09-20 DK DK93115080.9T patent/DK0597217T3/da active
- 1993-09-20 SG SG1996003733A patent/SG46370A1/en unknown
- 1993-09-20 EP EP93115080A patent/EP0597217B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-20 ES ES93115080T patent/ES2085698T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-20 AT AT93115080T patent/ATE135800T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-20 DE DE59301952T patent/DE59301952D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-24 AU AU47585/93A patent/AU4758593A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-10-06 HU HU9302822A patent/HU213075B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-10-15 KR KR1019930021393A patent/KR960012150B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-05 US US08/147,987 patent/US5953879A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-08 PL PL93300983A patent/PL172535B1/pl unknown
- 1993-11-08 HR HRP4238177.0A patent/HRP931383B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-09 SK SK1250-93A patent/SK278366B6/sk unknown
- 1993-11-09 FI FI934946A patent/FI934946A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-11-10 CZ CZ932402A patent/CZ280619B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-10 CA CA002102826A patent/CA2102826C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-10 ZA ZA938386A patent/ZA938386B/xx unknown
- 1993-11-11 NO NO934087A patent/NO179984C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-11 BR BR9304704A patent/BR9304704A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-11 JP JP5282364A patent/JPH06221312A/ja active Pending
- 1993-11-11 SI SI9300590A patent/SI9300590A/sl unknown
- 1993-11-12 CN CN93114674A patent/CN1054187C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-12 YU YU71993A patent/YU48520B/sh unknown
- 1993-11-12 RU RU9393051544A patent/RU2087761C1/ru active
-
1996
- 1996-05-02 JP JP1996003749U patent/JP2570803Y2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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