CN109433989B - Casting and forging integrated device adopting toggle connecting rod mode locking structure - Google Patents
Casting and forging integrated device adopting toggle connecting rod mode locking structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109433989B CN109433989B CN201811292608.0A CN201811292608A CN109433989B CN 109433989 B CN109433989 B CN 109433989B CN 201811292608 A CN201811292608 A CN 201811292608A CN 109433989 B CN109433989 B CN 109433989B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
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Abstract
The invention discloses a casting and forging integrated device adopting a toggle connecting rod mode locking structure, which comprises: a lower template; a vertical frame, one end of which is rotatably supported on the lower template; the movable template is sleeved on the vertical frame and positioned above the lower template, and the movable template can slide up and down along the vertical frame; the upper template is sleeved at the other end of the vertical frame and positioned above the movable template, and the upper template can slide up and down along the vertical frame; the piston body is arranged in the movable template in a sliding mode and can extend out of the movable template; the bent elbow connecting rod mold locking structure is arranged between the movable mold plate and the upper mold plate; the crosshead assembly is connected with the toggle connecting rod mold locking structure and can push the piston body to move up and down; the forging male die is arranged below the piston body and can move up and down along with the piston body; the device adopts a toggle connecting rod mode locking structure, and the movable template has good stress, stable unlocking and locking speed and good stability and reproducibility of the mode locking force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a casting and forging integrated device, in particular to a casting and forging integrated device adopting a toggle connecting rod mode locking structure.
Background
Parts with complex shapes can be formed by casting, but the tissue density and the mechanical property of the parts are not high; the tissue density and the mechanical property of the forged part are high, but the shape complexity of the part is greatly limited. Therefore, for some structural members with complex shapes and high requirements on mechanical properties, the characteristics of the structural members are difficult to develop by single casting and forging.
The casting and forging integrated forming technology combines a casting process and a forging process, firstly, a metal liquid is injected into a die for forming by a casting method, then, the metal is immediately forged in the same die set, and the subsequent forging can eliminate the defects of shrinkage porosity, air holes and the like in the casting process and improve the performance of workpieces. Compared with the traditional process, the casting and forging integrated process can form a structural part with lower cost and performance close to that of a forged piece under relatively simple working procedures, has the advantages of casting process (low cost and capability of forming complex precision parts) and forging process (good mechanical property), and has wide application prospect. The casting and forging integrated forming technology comprises casting and forging double-control forming, casting and forging combined forming and the like at present.
The casting and forging double-control forming technology is mainly characterized in that molten metal in a cavity is not completely solidified in the process of die-casting forming, the forging and pressing function is started, the dendritic crystal tissue can be broken to a certain degree by the forging pressure, and the mechanical property of a casting can be improved to a large extent according to the principle of fine grain strengthening. However, as forging is carried out in a liquid state, the more severe the die is subjected to heat erosion, burrs are easily generated during pressurization, the die can be possibly clamped, and even the die is likely to generate hot cracks
The combined casting and forging forming is that firstly a blank or a blank with a certain shape is formed by adopting a casting method, and then the blank or the blank is rapidly molded (forged) by one-step by using the waste heat of casting, so that a part with better tissue and mechanical property is obtained.
The casting and forging double-control forming technology and the casting and forging combined forming technology are mainly characterized in that at present, an injection system is mostly adopted to inject liquid metal into a cavity of a die, the cavity is filled with molten metal at a high speed under high pressure, and the molten metal is rapidly crystallized and solidified into a casting. However, in the die casting process, liquid metal is filled at a high speed, so that air holes and impurities are easily generated, the structural member is difficult to weld and is not favorable for generating a structural member with high air tightness, and meanwhile, the heat treatment is difficult, and the mechanical property of the structural member cannot be further improved.
The clamping mechanism mostly adopts hydraulic pressure type. The mould has the advantages of good low-pressure mould locking, good stress of the movable mould plate, stable mould opening and locking speed, good mould locking force stability and reproducibility and the like, but the pressure of a cavity of the casting and forging composite die casting is far greater than that of common die casting and is more than 100MPa, so that the mould expanding force is also large, large mould locking force is required, the structure is large, the cost is high, the self-locking cannot be realized, hydraulic oil is generally continuously supplied, and the energy consumption is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs and develops a casting and forging integrated device adopting a toggle connecting rod mode locking structure, which enables a crosshead assembly to slowly descend, the mode opening and locking speed to be stable, the mode locking force to be stable and the reproducibility to be good.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a casting and forging integrated device adopting a toggle connecting rod mode locking structure comprises:
a lower template;
the stand is rotatably supported on the lower template at one end;
the movable template is sleeved on the vertical frame and positioned above the lower template, and the movable template can slide up and down along the vertical frame;
the upper template is sleeved at the other end of the vertical frame and is positioned above the movable template, and the upper template can slide up and down along the vertical frame;
the piston body is arranged in the movable template in a sliding mode and can extend out of the movable template;
the bent elbow connecting rod mold locking structure is arranged between the movable mold plate and the upper mold plate;
the cross head assembly is connected with the toggle connecting rod mold locking structure and can push the piston to move up and down;
the forging male die is arranged below the piston body and can move up and down along with the piston body;
and the forging female die is arranged on the lower template.
Preferably, the toggle link clamping structure comprises:
a first toggle rod, one end of which is fixed below the upper template;
a second toggle rod, one end of which is hinged with the other end of the first toggle rod;
one end of the third toggle rod is hinged with the other end of the second toggle rod, and the other end of the third toggle rod is hinged with the movable template;
wherein the crosshead assembly is hinged inside the second toggle link.
Preferably, the safety lock further comprises a mechanical safety lock, comprising:
a locking groove provided on one side of the movable die plate;
the surface of the mechanical lock rod is provided with a plurality of locking grooves, one end of the mechanical lock rod is fixedly connected with the upper template, the other end of the mechanical lock rod penetrates through the locking grooves, and the mechanical lock rod can slide up and down along the locking grooves;
the mechanical chuck is arranged in the locking groove and can horizontally slide along the locking groove;
the mechanical clamping head can go deep into the locking groove to limit the position of the mechanical lock rod.
Preferably, the side guard plate is arranged on one side of the upper template and positioned between the upper template and the movable template.
Preferably, the mechanical chuck is driven by a motor.
Preferably, the piston body includes:
a piston;
and one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the piston rod penetrates through the through hole in the center of the movable template, and the piston rod can slide up and down along the through hole.
Preferably, the crosshead assembly includes:
the crosshead is provided with grooves at two sides, and the grooves can slide along the guide columns;
one end of the pull rod is connected with the crosshead, and the other end of the pull rod penetrates through the upper template;
and the hydraulic system is connected with the other end of the pull rod and can drive the pull rod and the crosshead to move up and down.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the low-pressure automatic filling device is arranged below the lower template, and a liquid outlet of the low-pressure automatic filling device penetrates through the lower template and is communicated with the forging female die.
Preferably, the automatic filling device further comprises a base which is fixed below the lower template and can accommodate the low-pressure automatic filling device.
The invention has the advantages of
According to the casting and forging integrated device adopting the toggle connecting rod mode locking structure, the low-pressure automatic filling system only needs to apply air or inert gas pressure which is 0.01-0.05 Mpa greater than atmospheric pressure, the metal utilization rate is high, molten metal stably fills the mold, the mold filling speed is easy to control, casting air holes, looseness, cracks and the like are few, the comprehensive performance is superior to that of common gravity casting and high-pressure casting, and the comprehensive cost is reduced by 10% on the contrary. The toggle rod type mold locking mechanism has powerful amplification effect, and the mold locking oil cylinder has smaller inner diameter and saves energy. Under the same size and movement speed, the input power of the toggle rod type mode locking is saved by about 10-20% compared with the full hydraulic type. The device can adapt to different die heights, can be continuously adjusted in a certain range, and can be used for preparing structural members of different types and sizes.
The invention integrates the low-pressure automatic filling system and the precision forging system together, inherits the advantages of stable low-pressure casting mold filling, less oxidation and high efficiency, directly presses and forges the hot casting blank after the metal liquid is solidified to form a forging structure, namely, the internal quality of the casting blank is improved, the metal and the energy of secondary heating are saved, and the crank connecting rod mold locking structure is adopted, so that the movable template has good stress, stable mold opening and locking speed and stable mold locking force reproducibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a casting and forging integrated device adopting a toggle connecting rod mold locking structure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the casting and forging integrated device adopting the toggle connecting rod mold locking structure
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a low pressure casting furnace according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the base structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a mechanical lock chuck structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the crosshead structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a mold clamping state of the toggle clamping mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows an open state of the toggle clamping mechanism according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a casting and forging integrated device using a toggle link clamping structure, comprising: the casting system 110, the base 120, the lower platen 130, the moving platen 160, the upper platen 170, and the toggle clamp system 200.
The casting system 110 is a low-pressure automatic filling system and a low-pressure casting furnace, and is integrated below the casting and forging integrated device, when the casting system works, air or inert gas pressure which is 0.01-0.05 Mpa higher than atmospheric pressure is applied to the surface of the metal solution in the closed furnace body, the metal solution rises through a riser tube immersed in the solution and is pressed into an upper die connected with the furnace through a material injection hole 140, and the metal solution is ensured to stably and smoothly fill the cavity; and (4) automatically filling and maintaining the pressure for a period of time at low pressure, rapidly cooling the pouring gate, realizing complete sealing, and then finishing the precision forging process.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the base 120 is a reinforcing plate structure, which is disposed above the low-pressure automatic filling system and is used for supporting the whole structure, ensuring the spatial position of the low-pressure automatic filling system, and fixing the ground through anchor bolts.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower mold plate 130 is fixed to the base, and has screw holes for mounting the stand at four corners and a material injection hole 140 formed at the center thereof to be matched with the lift pipe of the low pressure automatic filling system, so that the molten metal is smoothly fed into the mold through the material injection hole 140.
The vertical frame 150 is four guide posts with bottom threads, and is screwed in threaded holes at four corners of the lower template 130 through threads; by changing the rotation direction of the threads, the distance between the movable template 160 and the lower template 130 can be changed in the mode locking state so as to adapt to different mold sizes; the upper die plate 170 is fixed to the guide posts.
The movable mould plate 160 is arranged on the vertical frame 150 through the four-corner mounting holes and can slide up and down along with the vertical frame 150 to complete the mould opening and closing action; the center of the movable mould plate 160 is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a forging system;
the upper die plate 170 is fixed on the vertical frame 150 through four-corner mounting holes, and the upper die plate 170 is provided with a side plate 180 for mounting a guide pillar of the toggle rod type die clamping mechanism; the upper plate is centrally provided with a hole allowing movement of the tie rod 220.
The piston body 300 is slidably arranged in the movable die plate 160 and can extend out of the movable die plate 160, and the piston body 300 comprises a piston rod 311 and a piston 312; one end of the piston rod 311 is connected with the piston 312, the other end of the piston rod 311 passes through a through hole in the center of the movable die plate 160, and the piston rod 311 can slide up and down along the through hole;
as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the toggle link clamping structure 200 is disposed between the moving platen 160 and the upper platen 170; toggle connecting rod mode locking structure 200 includes a plurality of toggle limit pole subassemblies, includes: a first toggle lever 210, a second toggle lever 220, and a third toggle lever 230. One end of the first toggle link 210 is fixed below the upper mold plate 170; one end of the second toggle link 220 is hinged to the other end of the first toggle link 210; one end of the third toggle rod 230 is hinged with the other end of the second toggle rod 220, and the other end is hinged with the movable template 160;
the crosshead assembly 360 is connected with the toggle connecting rod mold locking structure 200 and can push the piston body 300 to move up and down; the crosshead assembly 360 is hinged to the inner side of the second toggle rod 220, the crosshead assembly 360 is connected with the pull rod 320, the pull rod 320 moves upwards through a hydraulic system to drive the crosshead assembly 360 to move upwards, the direction of the crosshead assembly 360 is guaranteed through two guide posts 370 fixedly mounted on the upper template side plate 180, namely, the crosshead assembly 360 slides up and down along the guide posts 370 under the driving of the pull rod 320 to complete the motion of the toggle connecting rod;
the forging system 400 is disposed at the center of the movable platen 160, and includes a forging stopper 410, a forging cylinder 420, and a punch mounting piston 300. The hydraulic cylinder 2019 drives the forging limit rod 410 and the punch mounting piston 300 to move along the movable template mounting hole, and the forging limit rod 410 can limit the movement stroke of the punch mounting piston 300 through limiting. The forging system 400 includes a forging punch 430 and a forging die 440, the forging punch 430 is disposed below the piston body 300 and can move up and down with the piston body 300; the forging die 440 is disposed on the lower mold plate 130.
Mechanical safety lock 500 it includes: the locking groove, the mechanical chuck 530 and the mechanical lock rod 510 are arranged on one side of the movable template 160; the mechanical chuck 530 is arranged in the locking groove and can horizontally slide along the locking groove; the mechanical lock bar 510 has a plurality of locking grooves on the surface, one end of the mechanical lock bar 510 is fixedly connected with the upper template 170, the other end of the mechanical lock bar 510 passes through the locking grooves, and the mechanical lock bar 510 can slide up and down along the locking grooves; wherein, the mechanical chuck 530 can go deep into the locking groove to limit the position of the mechanical lock rod 510, and as a preference, the mechanical motor 520 is used to drive the mechanical chuck 530 to slide along the locking groove.
The working process of the casting and forging integrated device adopting the toggle connecting rod mode locking structure is taken as an example for further explanation
First, in a mold clamping state, as shown in fig. 7, according to the size of the mold and the amount of pressing down required for forging, the upper mold plate 170 and the movable mold plate 160 are driven to move simultaneously by the synchronous rotation of the four guide post threads of the stand 150, and the distance between the movable mold plate 160 and the lower mold plate 130 in the mold clamping state is determined.
The device is put in the mold opening state, and as shown in fig. 8, the mechanical lock is started to mount the mold: the forging punch 430 is mounted on the punch mounting piston 300 and the mold is mounted on the lower platen 170 via a T-slot.
And unlocking the mechanical safety lock 500, carrying out die assembly, gradually straightening the toggle connecting rod, carrying out self-locking, and removing the thrust of the die assembly hydraulic cylinder at the moment so that the casting die is in a die assembly state.
Pouring the melted metal into a crucible in the low-pressure automatic filling system 110, introducing compressed air into the crucible to generate low pressure (0.06-0.15 MPa) on the surface of the melted metal, so that the molten metal rises from a riser tube and slowly fills the casting mold from the lower part of the cavity through the material injection hole 140; after the casting mold is filled, the pouring gate is cooled quickly to realize complete sealing, at the moment, the pressure can be removed, and the molten metal in the liquid lifting pipe flows back to avoid blockage caused by solidification in the liquid lifting pipe.
The forging system is started, and under the action of the forging hydraulic cylinder 420, the punch installation piston 300 drives the punch 430 to move downwards, thereby completing the precision forging process. After the forging pressure is maintained for a certain time, the hydraulic cylinder 420 drives the piston 300 to move upwards, and then the die is opened. The member is ejected out through a hydraulic ejection system, and the casting and forging integrated production process of the member can be completed at one time.
According to the casting and forging integrated device adopting the toggle connecting rod mode locking structure, the low-pressure automatic filling system only needs to apply air or inert gas pressure which is 0.01-0.05 Mpa greater than atmospheric pressure, the metal utilization rate is high, molten metal stably fills the mold, the mold filling speed is easy to control, casting air holes, looseness, cracks and the like are few, the comprehensive performance is superior to that of common gravity casting and high-pressure casting, and the comprehensive cost is reduced by 10% on the contrary. The toggle rod type mold locking mechanism has powerful amplification effect, and the mold locking oil cylinder has smaller inner diameter and saves energy. Under the same size and movement speed, the input power of the toggle rod type mode locking is saved by about 10-20% compared with the full hydraulic type. The device can adapt to different die heights, can be continuously adjusted in a certain range, and can be used for preparing structural members of different types and sizes.
The invention integrates the low-pressure automatic filling system and the precision forging system together, inherits the advantages of stable low-pressure casting mold filling, less oxidation and high efficiency, directly presses and forges the hot casting blank after the metal liquid is solidified to form a forging structure, namely, the internal quality of the casting blank is improved, the metal and the energy of secondary heating are saved, and the crank connecting rod mold locking structure is adopted, so that the movable template has good stress, stable mold opening and locking speed and stable mold locking force reproducibility.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an adopt integrative device of casting and forging of elbow connecting rod mode locking structure which characterized in that includes:
a lower template;
the stand is rotatably supported on the lower template at one end;
the movable template is sleeved on the vertical frame and positioned above the lower template, and the movable template can slide up and down along the vertical frame;
the upper template is sleeved at the other end of the vertical frame and is positioned above the movable template, and the upper template can slide up and down along the vertical frame;
the piston body is arranged in the movable template in a sliding mode and can extend out of the movable template;
the bent elbow connecting rod mold locking structure is arranged between the movable mold plate and the upper mold plate;
the crosshead assembly is connected with the toggle connecting rod mold locking structure and can push the piston body to move up and down;
the forging male die is arranged below the piston body and can move up and down along with the piston body;
the forging female die is arranged on the lower template;
the bent elbow connecting rod mode locking structure includes:
a first toggle rod, one end of which is fixed below the upper template;
a second toggle rod, one end of which is hinged with the other end of the first toggle rod;
one end of the third toggle rod is hinged with the other end of the second toggle rod, and the other end of the third toggle rod is hinged with the movable template;
wherein the crosshead assembly is hinged to the inside of the second toggle rod;
a locking groove provided on one side of the movable die plate;
the surface of the mechanical lock rod is provided with a plurality of locking grooves, one end of the mechanical lock rod is fixedly connected with the upper template, the other end of the mechanical lock rod penetrates through the locking grooves, and the mechanical lock rod can slide up and down along the locking grooves;
the mechanical chuck is arranged in the locking groove and can horizontally slide along the locking groove; the mechanical clamping head can go deep into the locking groove to limit the position of the mechanical lock rod;
further comprising:
the side guard plate is arranged on one side of the upper template and is positioned between the upper template and the movable template;
the mechanical chuck is driven by a motor;
the piston body includes:
a piston;
one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the piston rod penetrates through a through hole in the center of the movable template, and the piston rod can slide up and down along the through hole;
the crosshead assembly includes:
the crosshead is provided with grooves at two sides, and the grooves can slide along the guide columns;
one end of the pull rod is connected with the crosshead, and the other end of the pull rod penetrates through the upper template;
the hydraulic system is connected with the other end of the pull rod and can drive the pull rod and the crosshead to move up and down;
and the low-pressure automatic filling device is arranged below the lower template, and a liquid outlet of the low-pressure automatic filling device penetrates through the lower template and is communicated with the forging female die.
2. The apparatus for integrally casting and forging mold using toggle link clamping structure according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the base is fixed below the lower template and can accommodate the low-pressure automatic filling device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811292608.0A CN109433989B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Casting and forging integrated device adopting toggle connecting rod mode locking structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811292608.0A CN109433989B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Casting and forging integrated device adopting toggle connecting rod mode locking structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109433989A CN109433989A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
| CN109433989B true CN109433989B (en) | 2020-09-29 |
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| CN201811292608.0A Active CN109433989B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Casting and forging integrated device adopting toggle connecting rod mode locking structure |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011110176B4 (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-06-06 | Heinrich G. Baumgartner | Die casting machine and die casting process |
| CN203426414U (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2014-02-12 | 广东伊之密精密机械股份有限公司 | Mold-locking mechanical safety lock device for die casting machine |
| CN104148610B (en) * | 2014-05-24 | 2017-04-05 | 浙江精一重工有限公司 | A kind of metalwork manufacture method and the low pressure casting forging press for realizing the method |
| CN206839121U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-01-05 | 惠州市神马模具有限公司 | A kind of automatic clamping mechanism of die casting mould bases |
| CN108356247A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-08-03 | 成都正西液压设备制造有限公司 | A kind of full-vertical semisolid pressure casting machine with automatic feeding device |
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Effective date of registration: 20201228 Address after: Jielong Industrial Zone, Yulong Road, Dongsheng Town, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: ZHONGSHAN SANFENG METAL FORGING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 121001, 169 street, Guta District, Liaoning, Jinzhou Patentee before: LIAONING University OF TECHNOLOGY |