CN113199000A - Vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection modes and die casting method - Google Patents
Vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection modes and die casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113199000A CN113199000A CN202110356706.1A CN202110356706A CN113199000A CN 113199000 A CN113199000 A CN 113199000A CN 202110356706 A CN202110356706 A CN 202110356706A CN 113199000 A CN113199000 A CN 113199000A
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/02—Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted
- B22D17/04—Plunger machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/203—Injection pistons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2069—Exerting after-pressure on the moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/28—Melting pots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/003—Making ferrous alloys making amorphous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum die casting machine with a multi-pressure injection mode and a die casting method, wherein the die casting machine comprises: the die assembly mechanism is used for driving the movable die plate to move horizontally, so that the movable die insert and the fixed die insert are closed to form a die cavity; the horizontal injection mechanism comprises a transverse charging barrel and a transverse injection punch, the transverse injection punch is inserted into the transverse charging barrel, and molten metal in the transverse charging barrel is pushed into the vertical charging barrel or a die cavity; the vertical injection mechanism comprises a vertical material cylinder and a vertical injection punch head, the vertical material cylinder is vertically arranged below the die cavity and used for receiving the molten metal transmitted by the horizontal injection mechanism, the vertical injection punch head is inserted into the vertical material cylinder and injects the molten metal into the die cavity, and the die cavity is communicated with the transverse material cylinder and the vertical material cylinder. The invention has two working modes of horizontal and vertical injection, and can switch the working modes according to the critical casting size of the casting, thereby reducing the investment cost of fixed assets and improving the benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of novel die casting, in particular to a vacuum die casting machine with a multi-injection mode and a die casting method.
Background
The amorphous alloy has high strength, high hardness, high surface smoothness, excellent corrosion resistance and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of military aerospace, consumer electronics, sports equipment, biomedical treatment and the like. The realization of the molding of the parts with complex structures is the premise that the amorphous alloy is widely applied as a structural material. The amorphous alloy is generally required to be prepared in a high vacuum or protective gas environment, and the preparation method mainly comprises suction casting, water quenching, 3D printing and the like. However, these methods are difficult to implement mass production of complex structural parts, and cannot meet the requirements of industrial production. In recent years, through improvement of traditional die casting equipment, the die casting process successfully realizes the forming and application of amorphous alloy parts with large sizes and complex structures, and the die casting process is highly concerned.
At present, the die-casting forming equipment for amorphous alloy mainly has two technical routes. One is a horizontal vacuum die casting machine as represented by patent No. CN 201110421420.3. Another is a vertical vacuum die casting machine as represented by patent No. CN 201310714994.9. However, the die casting apparatus of the first type still has technical disadvantages: (1) when molten metal liquid enters the vertical die cavity from the transverse charging barrel, turbulence and entrainment are easy to occur near the inner sprue; (2) the punching stress of the transverse shot punch is difficult to be completely transmitted into the interior of the casting due to the change of the flow direction of the molten metal liquid from the transverse direction to the vertical direction. The whole layout of the vertical die opening of the other die casting equipment is not vertical to the moving direction due to the metal liquid level direction, so that the discharge of gas in a die cavity of the die is not facilitated, and the instability of fluid filling dynamics in a casting is easy to occur. The introduction of entrainment, turbulence, impurities and the like can cause the instability of the supercooled liquid of the amorphous alloy, induce crystallization, reduce the amorphous forming capability and reduce the performance of products.
With the progress of amorphous alloy industrialization and the continuous expansion of market demands, the complexity and the forming difficulty of products are gradually increased, and higher requirements are provided for compactness, consistency, production efficiency and mechanical properties of the products. Meanwhile, for amorphous alloy products with different structures, different injection modes are adopted, and completely different forming effects can be obtained. For example, for some thin-walled parts, horizontal injection is advantageous to obtain a high surface finish. However, for some samples with larger size and wall thickness, pressurization at the later stage of solidification is generally needed, and defects such as shrinkage porosity and the like of castings are reduced. The vertical injection is adopted to facilitate pressure transmission, and the defects are reduced. The novel high-efficiency amorphous alloy vacuum forming equipment which can freely switch between the vertical injection function and the horizontal injection function so as to effectively reduce turbulent air entrainment during casting filling and reduce porosity is developed, and has important significance for promoting large-scale industrial application of amorphous alloys and other easily-oxidized metal materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an amorphous alloy vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection modes and a casting molding method thereof, so as to realize the functions of horizontal die casting and vertical extrusion on the same die casting machine, and through a reasonable combination of the above molding modes, the molten metal is stably filled in the die cavity, and can be solidified under a continuous pressure, thereby reducing the porosity, and improving the compactness, forming capability and mechanical properties of the amorphous alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vacuum die casting machine with a multi-injection mode comprises:
the die forming mechanism comprises a movable die insert connected with the movable die plate and a fixed die insert connected with the fixed die plate;
the die closing mechanism is used for driving the movable die plate to move horizontally, so that the movable die insert and the fixed die insert are closed to form a die cavity;
the horizontal injection mechanism comprises a transverse charging barrel and a transverse injection punch, and the transverse injection punch is inserted into the transverse charging barrel in a sliding and sealing mode and is used for pushing molten metal in the transverse charging barrel into the vertical charging barrel or a die cavity;
the vertical injection mechanism comprises a vertical material cylinder and a vertical injection punch head, the vertical material cylinder is vertically arranged below the die cavity and used for receiving the molten metal transmitted by the horizontal injection mechanism, the vertical injection punch head is inserted into the vertical material cylinder in a sliding sealing mode and used for injecting the molten metal into the die cavity and applying continuous solidification pressure to the molten metal, and the die cavity is communicated with the horizontal material cylinder and the vertical material cylinder.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the smelting system comprises a smelting bin, a smelting cup, an induction coil and a power supply, wherein the induction coil is arranged at the periphery of the smelting cup and is connected with the power supply; the melting cup is used for melting metal raw materials, and the melting bin is fixed above the horizontal injection mechanism and used for pouring molten metal to the transverse charging barrel.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the vacuumizing system is connected with the smelting bin and the die cavity through a vacuum pipeline and is used for vacuumizing the smelting bin, the horizontal injection mechanism, the vertical injection mechanism and the die cavity.
Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes:
the guide columns penetrate through the movable template from four corners of the movable template, one ends of the guide columns are connected with the fixed template, and the other ends of the guide columns penetrate through the tail plate;
the die-closing cylinder comprises a cylinder body and an expansion link, the expansion link is connected with the tail plate,
the movable template is in driving connection with the tail plate, so that the movable template is driven to move through a telescopic rod of the die closing cylinder.
Optionally, the central line of the vertical charging barrel is located on a die parting surface formed by closing the movable die insert and the fixed die insert.
Optionally, the smelting bin is mounted on the wall of the fixed die plate.
The invention also provides a vacuum die-casting method, which uses the vacuum die-casting machine and adopts a horizontal liquid feeding-vertical injection die-casting mode to carry out the following steps:
step S101, closing the mold and vacuumizing: lowering the upper end surface of the vertical injection punch to be lower than the upper end surface of the vertical charging barrel, adding a metal raw material to be smelted into a smelting cup of a smelting bin, closing the die to form a die cavity, and starting a vacuumizing system to vacuumize;
step S102, vacuum melting: when the vacuum degree of the smelting bin reaches a set value, starting the induction coil to heat and melt the metal raw material;
step S103, when the metal raw material in the melting cup is completely melted and reaches a set temperature, pouring molten metal into the transverse charging barrel through the pouring port;
step S104, transverse liquid feeding: the transverse injection rod pushes the molten metal into a vertical charging barrel of the vertical injection system;
step S105, vertical injection: the vertical injection punch pushes the molten metal into a die cavity, and the vertical injection rod continuously extrudes after the die cavity is filled, so that the molten metal is solidified under continuous pressure;
step S106, opening the mold and taking out: when the temperature of the casting is reduced to a set temperature, air is injected into the die cavity through the vacuum pumping system, when the pressure inside and outside the die is balanced, the die is opened, the transverse injection punch and the vertical injection punch are reset, and the casting is ejected.
The invention also provides a vacuum die-casting method, which uses the vacuum die-casting machine and adopts a horizontal injection-vertical pressurization die-casting mode to carry out the following steps:
step S201, closing the mold and vacuumizing: moving the upper end surface of the vertical injection punch to be flush with the upper end surface of the vertical charging barrel, adding a metal raw material to be smelted into a smelting cup of a smelting bin, closing the die to form a die cavity, and starting a vacuumizing system to vacuumize;
step S202, vacuum melting: when the vacuum degree of the smelting bin reaches a set value, starting the induction coil to heat and melt the metal raw material;
step S203, when the metal raw material in the melting cup is completely melted and reaches a set temperature, pouring molten metal into the transverse charging barrel through the pouring port;
step S204, transverse injection: injecting metal liquid into a die cavity by a transverse injection punch, and filling the metal liquid into the die cavity;
step S205, vertical pressurization: the vertical injection punch applies continuous pressure to the molten metal to solidify the molten metal under the continuous pressure;
step S206, opening the die to take out: when the temperature of the casting is reduced to a set temperature, air is injected into the die cavity through the vacuum pumping system, when the pressure inside and outside the die is balanced, the die is opened, the transverse injection punch and the vertical injection punch are reset, and the casting is ejected.
The invention also provides a vacuum die casting method, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining the critical casting dimension of a casting, switching a die-casting mode according to the critical casting dimension, wherein the die-casting mode comprises horizontal liquid feeding, vertical injection and horizontal injection and vertical pressurization,
wherein if the critical wall thickness of the casting is more than 8mm, the method is switched to the horizontal liquid feeding-vertical injection vacuum die casting method,
if the critical wall thickness of the casting is less than 1mm, the method is switched to the horizontal injection-vertical pressurization vacuum die-casting method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the invention has two working modes of horizontal liquid feeding, vertical injection and horizontal injection and vertical pressurization, can switch the working modes according to the critical wall thickness of the casting, can flexibly switch between the two working modes, reduces the investment cost of fixed assets and improves the benefit.
(2) Compared with the existing amorphous alloy pure horizontal vacuum die casting machine, the horizontal liquid feeding-vertical injection molding mode can effectively reduce the instability of fluid dynamics when molten metal enters a vertical die cavity from a transverse charging barrel, and reduce turbulence and entrainment; meanwhile, by utilizing the vertical pressurization system, the invention also enables the casting to be solidified under continuous pressure, improves the compactness of the product, reduces the porosity and improves the amorphous forming capability.
(3) Compared with the existing vertical amorphous alloy vacuum die-casting machine, the invention adopts the melting cup to melt the metal alloy in the vacuum environment, can be applied to an alloy system with a higher melting point, and prolongs the service life of the charging barrel.
(4) The invention can directly inject metal into the die cavity under the condition of not changing the existing horizontal vacuum die-casting process parameters, and then improves the compactness and the mechanical property of the product through the instant pressurization function of the vertical injection mechanism.
Drawings
The above features and technical advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum die-casting machine with multiple injection modes according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the horizontal and vertical injection mechanism and the die forming mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of horizontal liquid feeding-vertical injection according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of horizontal shot-vertical pressurization according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: 1. a base; 2. fixing a template; 3. moving the template; 4. a guide post; 5. a base plate; 6. a template base plate; 7. a movable die insert; 8. a fixed die insert; 9. a movable mold supporting plate; 10. a fixed die supporting plate; 11. a fixed die base plate; 12. a mold cavity; 13. a transverse charging barrel; 14. transversely injecting a punch; 15. a transverse injection rod; 151. a transverse injection cylinder; 16. a vertical charging barrel; 17. a vertical injection punch; 18. a vertical injection rod; 19. a smelting bin; 20. melting a cup; 21. an induction coil; 22. a pouring port; 23. a vacuum pumping system; 24. 25, a die closing cylinder, and a horizontal injection structure pressurization energy accumulator; 26. a vertical injection structure pressurized energy accumulator; 27. and (4) a vertical injection cylinder.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways, or combinations thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Furthermore, in the present description, the drawings are not to scale and like reference numerals refer to like parts.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a vacuum die casting machine includes a base, a mold clamping mechanism, a die forming mechanism, a horizontal injection mechanism, a vertical injection mechanism, a melting system, a vacuum pumping system, and the like.
Embodiment I, a vacuum die casting machine
The base 1 is in a horizontal structure layout and can be fixed on the ground. A die assembly mechanism is fixedly arranged on the base 1 and used for installing, opening, closing and locking a die and ejecting a casting; the die closing mechanism comprises a fixed die plate 2, a movable die plate 3, four guide pillars 4 and an ejection mechanism, wherein the fixed die plate 2 is fixed on a machine base 1, four corners of the movable die plate 3 are connected with the fixed die plate 2 through the four guide pillars 4, the four guide pillars 4 respectively penetrate through four corners of the movable die plate 3, one ends of the guide pillars 4 are connected with the fixed die plate 2, the other ends of the guide pillars penetrate through a tail plate 23, an expansion link of a die closing cylinder 24 is connected with the tail plate 23, the tail plate 23 is in driving connection with the movable die plate 3, and the expansion link of the die closing cylinder 24 stretches to drive the movable die plate 3 to move towards or away from the fixed die plate 2 along the guide pillars 4. The driving connection between the tail plate 23 and the movable die plate 3 means that the movable die plate 3 can be driven to move and lock by a toggle link mechanism connected between the tail plate and the movable die plate, and the specific structure of the toggle link mechanism is not described in detail herein.
The die forming mechanism is arranged between the fixed die plate 2 and the movable die plate 3 and comprises a movable die insert 7, a fixed die insert 8, a movable die supporting plate 9 and a fixed die supporting plate 10, wherein the fixed die insert 8 is embedded in the fixed die supporting plate 10 and is arranged on the fixed die plate 2 through a fixed die base plate 11. The movable die insert 7 is embedded in the movable die supporting plate 9 and is mounted on the movable die plate 3 through the movable die base plate 6, a space which is communicated with the movable die insert 7 and the fixed die insert 8 after being closed is a die cavity 12 and a liquid storage cavity 121, the die cavity 12 is arranged above the liquid storage cavity 121, and the liquid storage cavity 121 is respectively communicated with one end of the transverse charging barrel 13 and one end of the vertical charging barrel 16. As shown in fig. 2, the liquid storage cavity 121 communicates with the left end of the lateral barrel 13 and with the upper end of the vertical barrel 16.
The ejection mechanism comprises a base plate 5, a cushion block 91 and a movable die supporting plate 9, the movable die supporting plate 9 is supported and fixed on the die plate base plate 6 through the cushion block 91, the base plate 5 is movably arranged between the die plate base plate 6 and the movable die supporting plate 9, and an ejection rod 51 extends from the base plate 5 to penetrate through the movable die supporting plate 9 and the movable die insert 7. When the movable platen 3 moves in a direction away from the fixed platen 2, the ejector cylinder 61 pushes the tie plate 5 so that the ejector rod 51 connected to the tie plate 5 ejects the casting to remove it.
The horizontal injection mechanism mainly comprises a horizontal charging barrel 13, a horizontal injection punch 14, a horizontal injection rod 15, a horizontal injection cylinder 151 and a horizontal injection structure pressurization energy accumulator 25. The transverse charging barrel 13 is positioned at one side, close to the fixed die insert 8, below the closed parting surface of the movable die insert 7 and the fixed die insert 8, the transverse charging barrel 13 horizontally penetrates through the fixed die plate 2 and the fixed die seat plate 11 and extends to the fixed die insert 8, one end of the transverse injection rod 15 is connected with the transverse injection cylinder 27, the other end of the transverse injection rod is connected with the transverse injection punch 14, the transverse injection punch 14 is inserted into the transverse charging barrel 13, the outer side wall of the transverse injection punch 14 is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the transverse charging barrel 13, and the main function is to push molten metal into a vertical charging barrel 16 or a die cavity 12 of the vertical injection mechanism. The horizontal type injection structure pressurizing accumulator 25 is connected to the horizontal injection cylinder 27, so that the horizontal injection pressure is stabilized, and the horizontal injection force is increased. A pouring opening 22 is arranged on the transverse charging barrel 13 and is used for receiving molten metal melted by the melting system. The smelting system comprises a smelting bin 19, a smelting cup 20 and an induction coil 21, wherein the induction coil 21 is arranged on the periphery of the smelting cup 20; the smelting cup 20 is used for smelting metal raw materials and is arranged in the smelting bin 19. The smelting bin 19 is fixed above the horizontal injection mechanism and is connected with the transverse charging barrel 13 through a pouring gate 22.
The vacuum pumping system 23 is connected with the smelting bin 19 and the die cavity 12 through vacuum pipelines, and is used for vacuumizing the smelting bin 19, the transverse charging barrel 13, the vertical charging barrel 16 and the die cavity 12, so that the full-flow high vacuum from smelting to molding is realized.
The vertical injection mechanism is vertically arranged below the die forming structure, and the central line of the vertical injection mechanism is arranged on the parting surface of the die. Specifically, the vertical injection mechanism mainly comprises a vertical cylinder 16, a vertical injection punch 17, a vertical injection rod 18, a vertical injection cylinder 27 and a vertical injection mechanism pressurization energy accumulator 26, wherein the center line of the vertical cylinder 16 is vertically fixed on the parting surface of the die, one end of the vertical injection punch 17 is inserted into the vertical cylinder 16, the outer side wall of the vertical injection punch 17 is in sliding sealing fit with the inner side wall of the vertical cylinder 16, and the other end of the vertical injection punch 17 is connected with one end of the vertical injection rod 18. The other end of the vertical injection rod 18 is connected to the vertical injection cylinder 27, and the vertical injection mechanism pressurized accumulator 26 is connected to the vertical injection cylinder 27. The vertical injection mechanism mainly functions to receive molten metal delivered by the horizontal injection mechanism and inject the molten metal into the mold cavity 12 while applying a continuous pressure to the casting during solidification. The vertical injection mechanism pressurized accumulator 26 can stabilize the vertical injection pressure and increase the vertical injection force.
Example two
A vacuum die-casting method can be used for die-casting amorphous alloy and adopts a die-casting forming method of horizontal liquid feeding-vertical injection, which comprises the following steps:
step S101, closing the mold and vacuumizing: as shown in fig. 3, the upper end surface of the vertical injection punch 17 is lowered to be lower than the upper end surface of the vertical cylinder 16, specifically, a space between the upper end surface of the vertical injection punch 17 and the upper end surface of the vertical cylinder 16 is enabled to contain molten metal pushed transversely, raw metal material to be melted is added into a melting cup of the melting bin 19, the die is closed to form the die cavity 12, and a vacuum-pumping system is started to pump vacuum.
Step S102, vacuum melting: when the vacuum degree of the smelting bin 19 reaches a set value, starting an induction coil 21 to heat and melt the metal raw material;
step S103, rotary material pouring: when the metal raw material in the melting cup 20 is completely melted and reaches a set temperature, the melting cup 20 is rotated to pour the molten metal into the lateral barrel 13 through the pouring port 22.
Step S104, transverse liquid feeding: the transverse shot rod 14 pushes the molten metal into the vertical barrel 16 of the vertical shot system.
Step S105, vertical injection: the vertical shot rod 18 pushes molten metal into the die cavity 12 and continues to extrude after the die cavity 12 is filled, causing the molten metal to solidify under a continuous pressure.
Step S106, opening the mold and taking out: when the temperature of the casting is reduced to a set temperature, air is injected into the die cavity 12 through the vacuum pumping system, when the pressure inside and outside the die is balanced, the die of the casting die is opened, namely the die closing mechanism drives the movable die plate 3 to move towards the direction far away from the top die plate 2, the transverse injection punch 14 and the vertical injection punch 17 reset, and the casting is ejected.
The die-casting method of horizontal liquid-feeding vertical injection will be described below with reference to exemplary data. The vertical injection punch 17 is moved to about 20cm below the upper end surface of the vertical barrel 16, and then the clamping cylinder 24 drives the movable platen 3 to move rightward along the four guide posts 4, and is clamped and locked with the fixed platen 2. Adding Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10Adding the raw materials of the metal glass components into a melting cup 20 in a melting system, starting a vacuum-pumping system 23, and vacuumizing the melting chamber 19, the transverse charging barrel 13, the vertical charging barrel 16 and the die cavity 12.
When the vacuum degree reaches 10-1And when Pa is reached, the melting cup 20 is started to heat and melt the metal raw material. When the temperature of the molten metal reaches a set temperature, for example, 960 c, the melting cup 20 is rotated to pour the molten metal into the lateral barrel 13 through the pouring port 22.
The horizontal shot rod 15 is actuated and molten metal is pushed into the vertical barrel 16 by the horizontal punch 14. The vertical injection punch 17 is driven upward by the vertical injection rod 18, and pushes the molten metal into the die cavity 12 to apply a continuous pressure to the casting. When the casting is cooled to a set temperature range, for example, below 400 ℃, air is conveyed into the mold cavity 12 from the air extraction opening 23 on the mold cavity 12 for pressure relief, then the mold clamping cylinder 24 drives the movable mold plate 3 to move leftwards and separate from the fixed mold plate 2, and the ejection mechanism ejects the casting through the ejection rod 51; next, the vertical injection rod 18 drives the injection punch 17 to move downwards to return, the horizontal injection rod 15 drives the injection punch 14 to move rightwards to return, and after the melting cup 20 is filled with the metal raw material, the next vacuum melting die-casting molding cycle is carried out.
EXAMPLE III
A vacuum die-casting method can be used for die-casting amorphous alloy by adopting a horizontal injection-vertical pressurization die-casting mode. The basic structure of a vacuum die casting machine with a multi-injection mode adopted in this example is the same as that of the first embodiment. The vacuum die casting method comprises the following steps:
step S201, closing the mold and vacuumizing: as shown in fig. 4, the upper end surface of the vertical injection punch 17 is moved to be flush with the upper end surface of the vertical cylinder 16, then, a metal raw material to be melted is added into the melting cup of the melting bin 19, the die is closed to form the die cavity 12, and a vacuum system is started to perform vacuum pumping.
Step S202, vacuum melting: when the vacuum degree of the smelting bin 19 reaches a set value, starting an induction coil 21 to heat and melt the metal raw material;
step S203, rotating and pouring: when the metal raw material in the melting cup 20 is completely melted and reaches a set temperature, the melting cup 20 is rotated to pour the molten metal into the lateral barrel 13 through the pouring port 22.
Step S204, transverse injection: a transverse shot punch 14 forces the molten metal directly into the die cavity 12. As shown in fig. 4, since the upper end surface of the vertical shot punch 17 is flush with the upper end surface of the vertical cylinder 16, the molten metal does not enter the vertical cylinder 16, and is rapidly filled into the die cavity 12 under the rapid pressing of the transverse shot punch 14.
Step S205, vertical pressurization: the vertical injection punch 17 applies a continuous pressure to the molten metal to solidify the molten metal under the continuous pressure.
Step S206, opening the die to take out: when the temperature of the casting is reduced to a set temperature, air is injected into the die cavity 12 through the vacuum pumping system, when the pressure inside and outside the die is balanced, the die of the casting die is opened, namely the die closing mechanism drives the movable die plate 3 to move towards the direction far away from the top die plate 2, the transverse injection punch 14 and the vertical injection punch 17 reset, and the casting is ejected.
The horizontal shot-vertical pressure die casting method will be described with reference to the exemplary data. After the apparatus is started, the vertical shot punch 17 is moved to the position shown in fig. 4 under the control of the control system. And the die closing cylinder 24 drives the movable die plate 3 to move rightwards along the four guide columns, and the movable die plate and the fixed die plate 2 are closed and locked. Then, Zr is added55Cu30Ni5Al10Adding the raw materials of the metal glass components into a melting cup 20 in a melting system, starting a vacuum-pumping system 23, and vacuumizing the melting chamber 19, the transverse charging barrel 13, the vertical charging barrel 16 and the die cavity 12. When the vacuum degree reaches 10-1And when Pa is reached, the melting cup 20 is started to heat and melt the metal raw material. When the temperature of the molten metal reaches 960 c, the melting cup 20 is rotated to pour the molten metal into the lateral feed cylinder 13. The horizontal shot rod 15 is actuated and molten metal is directly injected into the die cavity 12 by the horizontal shot punch 14. And the injection punch 17 is driven upward by the vertical injection rod 18 to apply solidification pressure to the casting. When the casting is cooled to a set temperature range below 400 ℃, air is conveyed into the mold cavity from an air extraction opening on the mold cavity 12 for pressure relief, then the mold clamping cylinder 24 drives the movable mold plate 3 to move leftwards and separate from the fixed mold 2, and the cushion plate 5 ejects the casting through the ejection rod 51; next, the vertical injection rod 18 drives the vertical injection punch 17 to move downwards to return, the horizontal injection rod 15 drives the horizontal injection punch 14 to move rightwards to return, and after the melting cup 20 is filled with the metal raw material, the next vacuum melting die-casting molding cycle is started.
According to the method, the Zr with the critical wall thickness less than 1mm, high compactness, high surface smoothness and excellent mechanical property can be obtained55Cu30Ni5Al10Metal glass products such as cell phone bezels, eyeglass frames, etc.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a vacuum die casting machine with many pressure penetrate mode which characterized in that includes:
the die forming mechanism comprises a movable die insert connected with the movable die plate and a fixed die insert connected with the fixed die plate;
the die closing mechanism is used for driving the movable die plate to move horizontally, so that the movable die insert and the fixed die insert are closed to form a die cavity;
the horizontal injection mechanism comprises a transverse charging barrel and a transverse injection punch, and the transverse injection punch is inserted into the transverse charging barrel in a sliding and sealing mode and is used for pushing molten metal in the transverse charging barrel into the vertical charging barrel or a die cavity;
the vertical injection mechanism comprises a vertical material cylinder and a vertical injection punch head, the vertical material cylinder is vertically arranged below the die cavity and used for receiving the molten metal transmitted by the horizontal injection mechanism, the vertical injection punch head is inserted into the vertical material cylinder in a sliding sealing mode and used for injecting the molten metal into the die cavity and applying continuous solidification pressure to the molten metal, and the die cavity is communicated with the horizontal material cylinder and the vertical material cylinder.
2. The vacuum die casting machine with multiple shot mode as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
the smelting system comprises a smelting bin, a smelting cup, an induction coil and a power supply, wherein the induction coil is arranged at the periphery of the smelting cup and is connected with the power supply; the melting cup is used for melting metal raw materials, and the melting bin is fixed above the horizontal injection mechanism and used for pouring molten metal to the transverse charging barrel.
3. The vacuum die casting machine with multiple shot mode as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:
and the vacuumizing system is connected with the smelting bin and the die cavity through a vacuum pipeline and is used for vacuumizing the smelting bin, the horizontal injection mechanism, the vertical injection mechanism and the die cavity.
4. The vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection molding according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises:
the guide columns penetrate through the movable template from four corners of the movable template, one ends of the guide columns are connected with the fixed template, and the other ends of the guide columns penetrate through the tail plate;
the die-closing cylinder comprises a cylinder body and an expansion link, the expansion link is connected with the tail plate,
the movable template is in driving connection with the tail plate, so that the movable template is driven to move through a telescopic rod of the die closing cylinder.
5. The vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection modes according to claim 2,
the center line of the vertical charging barrel is positioned on the parting surface of the die for closing the movable die insert and the fixed die insert.
6. The vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection modes according to claim 2,
the smelting bin is arranged on the wall of the fixed die plate.
7. A vacuum die casting method, characterized in that the vacuum die casting machine of claim 3 is used, and the following steps are carried out by adopting a horizontal liquid feeding-vertical injection die casting mode:
step S101, closing the mold and vacuumizing: lowering the upper end surface of the vertical injection punch to be lower than the upper end surface of the vertical charging barrel, adding a metal raw material to be smelted into a smelting cup of a smelting bin, closing the die to form a die cavity, and starting a vacuumizing system to vacuumize;
step S102, vacuum melting: when the vacuum degree of the smelting bin reaches a set value, starting the induction coil to heat and melt the metal raw material;
step S103, when the metal raw material in the melting cup is completely melted and reaches a set temperature, pouring molten metal into the transverse charging barrel through the pouring port;
step S104, transverse liquid feeding: the transverse injection rod pushes the molten metal into a vertical charging barrel of the vertical injection system;
step S105, vertical injection: the vertical injection punch pushes the molten metal into a die cavity, and the vertical injection rod continuously extrudes after the die cavity is filled, so that the molten metal is solidified under continuous pressure;
step S106, opening the mold and taking out: when the temperature of the casting is reduced to a set temperature, air is injected into the die cavity through the vacuum pumping system, when the pressure inside and outside the die is balanced, the die is opened, the transverse injection punch and the vertical injection punch are reset, and the casting is ejected.
8. A vacuum die casting method, characterized in that the vacuum die casting machine of claim 3 is used, and the following steps are carried out by adopting a horizontal injection-vertical pressurization die casting mode:
step S201, closing the mold and vacuumizing: moving the upper end surface of the vertical injection punch to be flush with the upper end surface of the vertical charging barrel, adding a metal raw material to be smelted into a smelting cup of a smelting bin, closing the die to form a die cavity, and starting a vacuumizing system to vacuumize;
step S202, vacuum melting: when the vacuum degree of the smelting bin reaches a set value, starting the induction coil to heat and melt the metal raw material;
step S203, when the metal raw material in the melting cup is completely melted and reaches a set temperature, pouring molten metal into the transverse charging barrel through the pouring port;
step S204, transverse injection: injecting metal liquid into a die cavity by a transverse injection punch, and filling the metal liquid into the die cavity;
step S205, vertical pressurization: the vertical injection punch applies continuous pressure to the molten metal to solidify the molten metal under the continuous pressure;
step S206, opening the die to take out: when the temperature of the casting is reduced to a set temperature, air is injected into the die cavity through the vacuum pumping system, when the pressure inside and outside the die is balanced, the die is opened, the transverse injection punch and the vertical injection punch are reset, and the casting is ejected.
9. A vacuum die casting method, comprising:
obtaining the critical casting dimension of a casting, switching a die-casting mode according to the critical casting dimension, wherein the die-casting mode comprises horizontal liquid feeding, vertical injection and horizontal injection and vertical pressurization,
wherein if the critical wall thickness of the casting is more than 8mm, switching to the vacuum die casting method according to claim 7,
if the critical wall thickness of the casting is less than 1mm, switching to the vacuum die casting method according to claim 8.
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| CN202110356706.1A CN113199000A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection modes and die casting method |
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| CN202110356706.1A CN113199000A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Vacuum die casting machine with multiple injection modes and die casting method |
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| CN114012063A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-08 | 昀昊精密模具五金(深圳)有限公司 | Cutter die and method for realizing fine punching of cutter |
| CN114346210A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 松山湖材料实验室 | Casting mold, casting device, and casting method |
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Application publication date: 20210803 |