CN101623749A - Pressure casting die and low-pressure casting machine capable of generating high pressure - Google Patents
Pressure casting die and low-pressure casting machine capable of generating high pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN101623749A CN101623749A CN200910158869A CN200910158869A CN101623749A CN 101623749 A CN101623749 A CN 101623749A CN 200910158869 A CN200910158869 A CN 200910158869A CN 200910158869 A CN200910158869 A CN 200910158869A CN 101623749 A CN101623749 A CN 101623749A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure casting die which can lead a low-pressure casting machine to generate high pressure and a low-pressure casting machine capable of generating high pressure. A pressurizing device which comprises a plurality of pole pistons and pole position holes is arranged on the casting die, a corresponding drive mechanism is arranged on the low-pressure casting machine or the casting die, and the pressure casting die is used for replacing the prior casting die on the low-pressure casting machine. After molten metal (9) is smoothly filled into a casting mould (14) under the pressure of low-pressure gas (7), a lower pressurizing piston (6) is driven to seal a casting hole (5), a crucible (8) withdraws from a pressure body, the pole pistons (1 and 6) are driven to pressurize, the molten metal in the casting mould (14) is pressurized by a plurality of pressurizing devices for filling a mould, feeding and solidifying at high pressure (4-500Mpa) in multiple directions and at multiple positions, thereby the density, the strength and the toughness of the casting piece can reach a satisfying degree, and the casting quality and the casting yield rate of the prior casting machine are greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting die and casting machine, specifically is a kind ofly can produce the moulding die of high pressure and the air injection machine that can produce high pressure.
Background technology
Existing air injection machine, be in the crucible of sealing, import lower, dry compressed air, molten metal is under the effect of gas pressure, rise along stalk, cast gate below casting die is input to die cavity reposefully, and keeps the pressure of gas on the interior liquid level of crucible, till foundry goods solidifies fully, remove the pressure of gas on the liquid level then, make that not solidified molten metal flows back to crucible in the stalk, again by the cylinder open form and eject foundry goods.
Low pressure casting is a kind of range of application casting method more widely, and it can allow the steady filling cast of molten metal, and the article introduction is arranged: " the large thin-wall aluminium alloy castings is the difficult problem on casting circle always, and low pressure casting is an optimum process method.According to parties concerned's information, the U.S. can produce the cruise missile cabin body of diameter 800mm, long 5m, wall thickness 6～8mm, alloy material A357 at present.China also will develop about diameter 600mm, the differential pressure foundry goods of high 3m, wall thickness 6mm " (Tang Duoguang, 21 century the low pressure casting technology prospect, " Special Processes of Metal Castings and non-ferrous alloy ", 1998 the 4th phase～31).The insoluble problem of low pressure casting is that force value does not increase, and the density of foundry goods and intensity and toughness also do not reach gratifying degree; And strict grasp pressurization standard is controlled the temperature field of consecutive solidification well, and critical technological point is many, troublesome poeration, and to operator's competency profiling height, percent defective is higher.
Drive the crucible inner metal liquid with low-pressure gas and fill the casting die die cavity by stalk, finish essential characteristic that pressure feeding be low pressure casting by crucible by the casting mold inner metal liquid with low-pressure gas, owing to be subjected to the restriction of crucible intensity, how to improve feeding pressure is the hang-up that troubles the casting circle always.After the sixties in last century, counter-pressure casting occurred, feeding pressure has had more significantly raising, and from then on foundry engieering has jumped onto a new step.In fact, the essential characteristic of low pressure casting has determined it self inadequate natural endowment, truly improve its feeding pressure, should could finally deal with problems to its change of remoulding oneself thoroughly.Some compensatory improvement have just been done in counter-pressure casting (also have " vacuum vert counter-pressure casting " etc.) on the original basis, do not break away from the essential characteristic of low pressure casting, thereby the advanced degree after its improvement are very limited.Low pressure casting pressure generally has only about 0.15MPa, counter-pressure casting also has only (Zhu Lijuan, Wang Hongwei, Dong Xiuqi about 0.7MPa, " Special Processes of Metal Castings and non-ferrous alloy " 1999 the 3rd phases 23～25 are inquired in the vert application of counter-pressure casting method of vacuum) just this problem has been described; Therefore the density of foundry goods and intensity and toughness also do not reach gratifying degree.
Corresponding with low pressure casting is high-pressure casting (die casting), and high pressure and high speed are its characteristics.Wirking pressure is generally 4～500Mpa even higher.Because high-pressure injection easily entrains into air and produces pore, foundry goods such as can not heat-treat at defective, and its range of application is very limited.
Along with countries in the world are more and more higher to the foundry goods requirement, the precise treatment of foundry goods, thin-walled property, lightweight and laborsavingization have become the foundry engieering urgent problem.The casting circle need find the few surplus of a kind of realization foundry goods, the processing of no surplus, also is the method for automobile casting precise treatment, thin-walled property, lightweight and energy-conservationization simultaneously.
The insider is clear, cast real high-quality foundry goods, should want to satisfy two primary conditions simultaneously:
(1) can allow the steady filling cast of molten metal;
(2) can allow the casting mold inner metal liquid under high pressure very, finish feeding and solidify;
But existing foundry engieering comprises high-pressure casting and low pressure casting, does not also have any casting method can satisfy this two primary conditions simultaneously at present.
How allowing existing air injection machine produce very high feeding pressure, is the problem that air injection machine need solve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to allow existing air injection machine can produce very high feeding pressure, makes it possess the function of " can allow casting mold inner metal liquid finish feeding under high pressure very and solidify ".
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of moulding die that can allow air injection machine produce high pressure, and moulding die is provided with the pressue device of being made up of plunger and plunger hole, and plunger one end is accepted the driving force of driving mechanism; Corresponding driving mechanism is being set on the air injection machine or on casting die, with the existing casting die on this mould replacement air injection machine, when the crucible inner metal liquid under the low-pressure gas pressure steadily behind the filling cast, driving locking device seals moulding die, allowing crucible withdraw from pressure is body, drive pressue device again and apply high pressure (4～500Mpa even higher), the casting mold inner metal liquid just can be finished feeding and solidify under very high pressure.
Pressue device can be arranged on the patrix, combine composition with rising head and go up pressue device, also can be arranged on the counterdie, set up pressue device down jointly with gate nub, for slush casting large complicated and wall thickness thickness great disparity,, can also set up at the foundry goods mutable site and be in tilted layout or horizontally disposed pressue device in order to eliminate the feeding dead angle, carry out the pressurized feeding, further improve the casting quality and the percentage of A-class goods.Following pressue device with gate nub is set up jointly plays sealing function because of it at first will block the casting mold inner metal liquid route of retreat, can also be called sealing device or locking device to it.The root a tree name is blocked the method difference of the casting mold inner metal liquid route of retreat, also can be with valve as locking device.Plunger hole is because the distributing position difference also can be called rising head or cast gate, and it links to each other with the feeding chamber, cooperates with plunger seal, and its fit clearance is 0～1 millimeter; Equally, plunger is because the distributing position difference, also can be called add tamponade or under add tamponade, its outer end directly or indirectly connects driving mechanism.The effect of driving mechanism is actuation plunger motion, provides powerful pressure with the molten metal in casting mold, and it can be installed on the air injection machine or be installed on the casting die by support.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and good effect:
Molten metal under low-pressure, pour into a mould, filling cast, have all associated advantages of existing air injection machine; Feeding under high pressure, solidify (pressure can reach 4～500Mpa even higher), can reach more than hundreds of times of the former feeding pressure of air injection machine, molten metal has higher technology shrinkage factor;
2. can arrange a plurality of pressue devices (comprising pressue device horizontally disposed or that be in tilted layout), realize the pressurized feeding, eliminate the feeding dead angle, can make the slush casting casting of large complicated and wall thickness thickness great disparity become easy;
3. multi-direction multi-section position high pressure pressurization feeding, solution order feeding problem well, than one-way low pressure pressurization feeding better effects if, foundry goods higher to density, yield rate is higher;
4. big by reason of heavy pressure raising, also has following advantage: 1) reduce bleb, needle pore defect, (2) improve the surface quality of foundry goods, (3) hot cracking tendency in the time of can obviously reducing large complicated casting solidification, (4). can reduce setting time, correspondingly reduced the rotten decay in the freezing period, its crystal grain is refinement to some extent also;
5. compare with counter-pressure casting, the pressurization facility had both been simplified in directly pressurization on casting die, had improved feeding pressure again greatly.
6. carry out the high pressure pressurization of multi-direction multi-section position, simple to operate, not high to operator's competency profiling, percentage of A-class goods height.
Generally speaking, the present invention far surpasses existing low pressure casting on castability.Can allow the density of foundry goods and intensity and toughness reach gratifying degree.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be described by the general operation process below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the generalized section after casting die is installed,
Fig. 2 be earthenware snail inner metal liquid under the low-pressure gas effect, be pressed into generalized section in the casting die casting mold by cast gate,
Fig. 3 is after molten metal fills up casting mold, drives to add the move upward generalized section of closed channel and cast gate of tamponade down,
Fig. 4 drives the upper and lower all generalized sections of pressurization of tamponade that add,
Fig. 5 is heavy castings, and intricate casting adopts the generalized section of adding the pressure device pressurization,
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of inclination pressue device shown in Figure 5,
Fig. 7 is with the casting die generalized section of valve as locking device,
The specific embodiment
Set forth several specific embodiment below in conjunction with operating process.
Elder generation's simple declaration once, driving mechanism can have multiple version or driving method, for example can on original air injection machine, increase oil cylinder or utilize ready-made oil cylinder or cylinder to do slightly to change and form, or the support of installation special use on casting die, other driving mechanisms are installed on support, various ways or methods such as for example motorized cams mechanism pressurization, the pressurization of electric screw mechanism, electromagnet pressurization, atmospheric pressure pressurization, hydraulic coupling pressurization are referred to as driving mechanism.The effect of support is to provide support to driving mechanism, driving mechanism can be exerted pressure to plunger easily by this support, it can be " Γ " shape of hinges spares connections such as buckle or hole or pin or the structural member of " ∏ " shape or other form, can rotate easily or install and remove, when needing with its rotation or be installed to the operating position, for driving mechanism provides support.
Embodiment one:
1. (after the removing former casting die) casting die that will be provided with pressue device is installed on the air injection machine, makes similarity condition smelting metal liquid, preheating casting die, coating, finishes casting preparation with conventional low die casting machine.
Consult Fig. 1, cast gate 5 is made the threeway form: the lower end with down add tamponade 6 and be sealed and matched, the upper end links to each other with following feeding chamber 13, is communicated with casting mold 14 by descending feeding chamber 13, the passage 12 that a ramp way or bend pipe form are opened in the middle part is communicated with stalk 10; Driving mechanism 11 is installed on the casting machine, be positioned at the below that adds tamponade 6 down, can drive it during unlatching moves upward, exert pressure with closed channel 12 with to casting mold 14, type of drive can directly drive, if the space is not enough, and also can be by driving the wedge clinohedral, add tamponade 6 under the driving indirectly by the wedge clinohedral, exert pressure to casting mold 14; More than be vertically arranged pressue device or locking device and associated part structure down.
Rising head 2 with on add tamponade 1 and be sealed and matched, the lower end links to each other with last feeding chamber 3, driving mechanism 16 is installed on the casting machine, is positioned at the top that adds tamponade 1, can drive during unlatching to add tamponade 1 and move downward, and exerts pressure to casting mold 14; More than be vertically arranged pressue device and the associated part structure of going up.
2. consult Fig. 2, open low-pressure gas 7 by the conventional requirement of existing air injection machine, allow in the crucible 8 molten metal 9 the cast gate 5 on low-pressure gas 7 pressure lower edge stalks 10, passage 12, the counterdie 4, down feeding chamber 13, casting mold 14, on feeding chamber 3 rise to rising head 2 on the patrix 15 always, be subjected to the maximum normal pressure that air injection machine can reach up to molten metal, fill up all cavitys that communicate with casting mold.
3. consult Fig. 3, open driving mechanism 11, adding tamponade 6 under driving moves upward, with passage 12 sealings, just with cast gate 5 sealings, Fig. 3 for after adding down tamponade 6 and rising with the schematic diagram of passage 12 complete closed, can close low-pressure gas 7 this moment, allows earthenware snail 8 withdraw from pressure system (this moment, casting die had pressure system of one's own).
4. consult Fig. 4, continue to open driving mechanism 11, add tamponade 6 under driving and move upward, exert pressure, open driving mechanism 16 again, add tamponade 1 in the driving and move downward, exert pressure to casting mold 14 to casting mold 14; Upper and lowerly add tamponade 1 and 6 and all participate in course of exerting pressure, this moment, casting die was realized upper and lower pressurization, pressure can reach high-pressure casting the wirking pressure scope (4～500Mpa), allow the casting mold inner metal liquid under very high pressure, finish feeding and solidify.
5. return each driving mechanism and finish related work, finish follow-up work with original method of existing air injection machine.
Embodiment two:
For heavy castings, for allowing foundry goods obtain the pressurization feeding of multi-direction multi-section position, a plurality of pressue devices can be set strengthen the feeding effect, for slush casting large complicated and wall thickness thickness great disparity, in order to eliminate the feeding dead angle, can set up a plurality of being in tilted layout or horizontally disposed pressue device at the foundry goods mutable site, carry out the pressurized feeding, further improve the casting quality and the percentage of A-class goods.
1. consult Fig. 5, locking device and last pressue device are pressed embodiment one.Support 21 is " ∏ " shape support, be installed on the casting die, driving mechanism 20 is between support 21 and plunger 19, plunger 19 is sealed and matched with plunger hole 17, and the one end contacts with driving mechanism 20, accepts driving force, 18 motions toward the feeding chamber, exert pressure to casting mold 14, according to the feeding needs, plunger hole 17 is horizontally disposed with feeding chamber 18.(consulting Fig. 6) support 26 is " ∏ " shape support, be installed on the casting die, driving mechanism 25 is between support 26 and plunger 24, plunger 24 is sealed and matched with plunger hole 23, and the one end contacts with driving mechanism 25, accepts driving force, 22 motions toward the feeding chamber, exert pressure to casting mold 14, according to the feeding needs, plunger hole 23 is in tilted layout with feeding chamber 22.
2. consult Fig. 5, open low-pressure gas 7 by the conventional requirement of existing air injection machine, allow in the crucible 8 molten metal 9 the cast gate 5 on low-pressure gas 7 pressure lower edge stalks 10, passage 12, the counterdie 4, down feeding chamber 13, casting mold 14, feeding chamber 18, plunger hole 17, feeding chamber 22, plunger hole 23, on feeding chamber 3 rise to rising head 2 on the patrix 15 always, be subjected to the maximum normal pressure that air injection machine can reach up to molten metal, fill up all cavitys that communicate with casting mold.
3. consult Fig. 5, open driving mechanism 11, add tamponade 6 under driving and move upward, with passage 12 sealings, just with cast gate 5 sealings, can close low-pressure gas 7 this moment, allows earthenware snail 8 withdraw from pressure system (this moment, casting die had pressure system of one's own).
4. consult Fig. 5, continue to open driving mechanism 11, adding tamponade 6 under driving moves upward, open driving mechanism 16 more simultaneously, add tamponade 1 in the driving and move downward, open driving mechanism 20, actuation plunger 19 moves right, open driving mechanism 25, actuation plunger 24 is moved to left down, and each plunger is exerted pressure to casting mold 14 simultaneously.This moment, casting die was realized multi-faceted pressurization, pressure can reach high-pressure casting the wirking pressure scope (4～500Mpa), allow the casting mold inner metal liquid under very high pressure, finish feeding and solidify.
5. return each driving mechanism and finish related work, finish follow-up work with original method of existing air injection machine.
Embodiment three:
1. (consult Fig. 7, after removing former casting die) casting die that will be provided with pressue device is installed in (valve 27 places open position) on the air injection machine, with conventional air injection machine similarity condition smelting metal liquid, preheating casting die, coating, finish casting preparation.
2. consult Fig. 7, last pressue device is pressed embodiment one.Valve 27 upper ends are communicated with cast gate 5, and the lower end is communicated with stalk 10, can provide passage to molten metal 9 when opening. and then block passage when closing, stop casting mold 14 inner metal liquids to flow back to crucible 8, play sealing process; Driving mechanism 16 is positioned at the top that adds tamponade 1, can drive during unlatching to add tamponade 1 and move downward, and exerts pressure to casting mold 14.
Open low-pressure gas 7 by the conventional requirement of existing air injection machine, allow in the crucible 8 molten metal 9 the cast gate 5 on low-pressure gas 7 pressure lower edge stalks 10, valve 27, the counterdie 4, down feeding chamber 13, casting mold 14, on feeding chamber 3 rise to rising head 2 on the patrix 15 always, be subjected to the maximum normal pressure that air injection machine can reach up to molten metal, fill up all cavitys that communicate with casting mold.
3. consult Fig. 7, valve-off 27, this moment, casting die had pressure system of one's own, can close low-pressure gas 7, open driving mechanism 16, add tamponade 1 in the driving and move downward, exert pressure to casting mold 14, the pressure of casting die can reach the wirking pressure scope of high-pressure casting at this moment.
4. return each driving mechanism and finish related work, finish follow-up work with original method of existing air injection machine.
Other embodiment of adding the pressure device casting die can be consulted and carried out.In practical low pressure casting process, replace the pressurize of low pressure casting with pressue device pressurization, be casting technique preferably.
Claims (10)
1. the moulding die that can allow air injection machine produce high pressure is being provided with corresponding driving mechanism on the air injection machine or on casting die, with the existing casting die on this mould replacement air injection machine; It is characterized in that: casting die is provided with the pressue device of being made up of plunger and plunger hole, and plunger one end is accepted the driving force of driving mechanism.
2. moulding die according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the casting die a plurality of pressue devices can be set, pressue device can be arranged vertically, also can be horizontally disposed or be in tilted layout.
3. moulding die according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cast gate place of casting die bottom is provided with the locking device that can seal casting die cast gate (5).
4. moulding die according to claim 3 is characterized in that: cast gate (5) with under add tamponade sealing (6) and cooperate, the upper end is communicated with casting mold (14), the middle part has passage (12) and is communicated with stalk (10).
5. moulding die according to claim 3 is characterized in that: locking device is made of valve (27), and valve (27) upper end is communicated with casting die cast gate (5), and the lower end is communicated with stalk (10).
6. moulding die according to claim 1 is characterized in that: plunger hole cooperates with plunger seal, and its fit clearance is 0～1 millimeter.
7. moulding die according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the feeding chamber that links to each other with plunger hole can be in tilted layout with pressue device.
8. moulding die according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the plunger outer end directly or indirectly connects driving mechanism.
9. air injection machine that can produce high pressure, with existing air injection machine is that the basis is improved, it is characterized in that: corresponding driving mechanism is being set on the casting machine or on casting die, claim 1 described moulding die is installed on the existing air injection machine, replaces the existing casting die on the air injection machine.
10. air injection machine according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: driving mechanism is installed on the casting die by support.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910158869A CN101623749A (en) | 2008-07-13 | 2009-07-03 | Pressure casting die and low-pressure casting machine capable of generating high pressure |
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| CN200820125499.9 | 2008-07-13 | ||
| CN200820125499 | 2008-07-13 | ||
| CN200910158869A CN101623749A (en) | 2008-07-13 | 2009-07-03 | Pressure casting die and low-pressure casting machine capable of generating high pressure |
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| CN101623749A true CN101623749A (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102166639A (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-08-31 | 河南理工大学 | Integral precision casting method for large complicated thin-walled aluminum alloy cabin components |
| CN103157779A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-19 | 牟彦任 | High pressure metal smelting and processing |
| CN104148610A (en) * | 2014-05-24 | 2014-11-19 | 浙江精一重工有限公司 | Metal piece manufacturing method and low-pressure casting forging machine used for achieving metal piece manufacturing method |
| CN106735086A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of casting device |
| CN108568505A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-25 | 广东鸿图南通压铸有限公司 | A kind of process improving pack alloy accumulator holder burst pressure |
| CN109047703A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2018-12-21 | 文春领 | Middle pressure antigravity casting technique |
| CN114130990A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-04 | 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 | Local pressure device of low pressure casting and low pressure casting equipment |
-
2009
- 2009-07-03 CN CN200910158869A patent/CN101623749A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102166639A (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2011-08-31 | 河南理工大学 | Integral precision casting method for large complicated thin-walled aluminum alloy cabin components |
| CN102166639B (en) * | 2011-03-26 | 2013-01-23 | 河南理工大学 | Integral precision casting method for large complicated thin-walled aluminum alloy cabin components |
| CN103157779A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-19 | 牟彦任 | High pressure metal smelting and processing |
| CN104148610A (en) * | 2014-05-24 | 2014-11-19 | 浙江精一重工有限公司 | Metal piece manufacturing method and low-pressure casting forging machine used for achieving metal piece manufacturing method |
| CN106735086A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of casting device |
| CN108568505A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-25 | 广东鸿图南通压铸有限公司 | A kind of process improving pack alloy accumulator holder burst pressure |
| CN109047703A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2018-12-21 | 文春领 | Middle pressure antigravity casting technique |
| CN114130990A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-04 | 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 | Local pressure device of low pressure casting and low pressure casting equipment |
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Application publication date: 20100113 |