CN101274361B - Low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology - Google Patents
Low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101274361B CN101274361B CN200810106843A CN200810106843A CN101274361B CN 101274361 B CN101274361 B CN 101274361B CN 200810106843 A CN200810106843 A CN 200810106843A CN 200810106843 A CN200810106843 A CN 200810106843A CN 101274361 B CN101274361 B CN 101274361B
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Abstract
The invention provides a low speed vacuum extruding casting technique which comprises the steps of: (1) the design of dies, a vacuum system and a hot runner; (2) the installation, the preheating and the coating of the hot runner and the dies; (3) the pouring of molten metal into the hot runner, die matching and vacuum pumping; (4) low speed and vacuum filling; (5) extruding and solidifying; (6) the opening of the dies to take finished products. The technical effects of the technique are the improvement of a temperature field during the casting process and the realization of the casting method of injection at low speed, solidification under high pressure and hole shrinkage without vacuum. The low speed vacuum extruding casting technique can effectively reduce the probability of containing pores and shrinkage and loose defects, heat treatment can be carried out to die casts, and both the tensile strength and the percentage elongation of the die casts after the heat treatment are increased by 25 percent, thereby greatly improving the quality of the die casts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting technique, particularly a kind of full-vertical extrusion process.
Background technology
Die casting---most important in the modern foundary industry, state-of-the-art technology.Yet in extrusion process, because the high speed filling, type cavity gas is difficult to discharge; Molten metal cooling velocity in die cavity is fast in addition, in fact also is difficult to feeding, causes die casting that pore and shrinkage defect are often arranged, and the casting section thickness value is bigger, and this defective is more serious; Gas expansion during because of high temperature in the pore can make the die casting surface blisters, so die casting can not be heat-treated; These all badly influence quality of die casting, and the expansion and the scope of application that die casting is produced are restricted.Evacuated die-casting process was once contained and was won for the moment, and application now is also few, though main cause is this technology the die casting pore is reduced to some extent, but the phenomenon that usually has shrinkage cavity to become more serious.Smart fast close casting die can play bigger effect aspect elimination pore and the shrinkage defect; But this method is strict to casting mold thermal balance and temperature field, and does not have effective measures again, is prone to during less than 3.5 millimeters owe to cast at the die casting wall thickness; Add that two drifts are difficult in maintenance, its extent of spreading amd application is also little.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology, the method that its integrated application low speed and vacuum are filled type, extruded and solidify is carried out technological innovation to the full-vertical extrusion process.
The present invention realizes like this; Its processing step is (1) mould, vacuum system and hot runner design: the mould designing requirement is: ingate thickness is thicker than common compression mod; Be 6-12mm,, can be 15-18m when ingate is opened in foundry goods heavy wall (18-25mm) when locating; The position that hot runner is installed will consider that Electrical Safety and tripping penetrate more than the cylinder body 200mm; The hot runner designing requirement is; Heater is divided into many groups, respectively by different temperature controller controls; The requirement of Vacuum System Design is: vavuum pump discharge capacity and vacuum tank volume will be confirmed according to the die cavity volume size; Guarantee that the die cavity vacuum reaches-0.09MPa or higher in 3 seconds; The performance of vacuum stopper will guarantee that die cavity is communicated with vacuum system fast, makes molten metal can not get into vacuum system with air-flow again; The flow of vacuum valve and each element of vacuum system and actuation time will be complementary with whole vacuum system; (2) hot runner and mould are installed preheating: the principle of hot runner Temperature Field Control is: presses on indoor mouthful the temperature at the indoor center of temperature specific pressure of (with the mould place that links) high about 50 ℃.Press indoor mean temperature by different diecasting alloys values (aluminium alloy should reach more than 500 ℃).Mould is also wanted preheating simultaneously, and preheat temperature becomes with diecasting alloys, and aluminium alloy should reach about 350 ℃, and kirsite should reach about 250 ℃; Should be after the preheating at once to pressing chamber and die cavity spray paint; (3) molten metal pours into hot runner, matched moulds, vacuumizes: pour in the hot pressing chamber of counterdie when molten metal after; Matched moulds seals die joint and starts vacuum valve and vacuumizes fast; Before injection begins, die cavity is vacuumized, reach the control vacuum values in 3 seconds (0.09MPa).(4) low speed, vacuum are filled type: select filling velocity (set up in advance, the movement velocity of injection punch head is controlled at the 10-100 mm/second) according to different foundry goods.When vacuum values reach-during 0.09MPa, press the injection switch immediately, the beginning injection; In the overall process of injection, vacuum system is communicated with die cavity always, and the retentive control value; (5) extrusion is solidified: (this moment, die cavity was full of at the injection after-stage; Foundry goods center ot-yet-hardened); The rapid supercharging of injection hydraulic jack, injection punch head is exerted pressure to the metal in the sprue with the high specific pressure of hundreds of MPas and was kept several minutes, and fully the feeding foundry goods makes foundry goods finer and close; (6) die sinking pickup:
Technique effect of the present invention is: the application of hot runner, good heat-insulating property, the temperature field of having improved press casting procedure; Realized: 1, low velocity injection, the molten metal that fills type is pushed ahead along total wall thickness reposefully, do not produce eddy current, type cavity gas is discharged has adequate time, and the pore that has reduced die casting is with loose; 2, solidify under the high pressure, at the injection after-stage, injection punch head is exerted pressure to the metal in the sprue with the high specific pressure of hundreds of MPas, because this moment, the metal in the sprue was still liquid, foundry goods can under high pressure obtain abundant feeding makes foundry goods finer and close; 3, no vacuum shrinkage cavity because foundry goods can obtain abundant feeding, therefore can be avoided the vacuum shrinkage cavity defect, has kept eliminating under the vacuum environment the favourable aspect of the air in the die cavity simultaneously again; Therefore; Low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology can reduce the probability that die casting includes pore and shrinkage defect effectively; Die casting can be heat-treated; Its tensile strength of die casting after the heat treatment and percentage elongation have all improved 25%, and be more notable for the thick-walled casting effect, thereby the quality of die casting is improved greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, processing step of the present invention is (1) mould, vacuum system and hot runner design: the mould designing requirement is: ingate thickness is thicker in 6-12mm than common compression mod, when ingate is opened in foundry goods heavy wall (18-25mm) when locating, can be 15-18mm; The position that hot runner is installed will consider that Electrical Safety and tripping penetrate oil cylinder 11 and want more than the 200mm; The hot runner designing requirement is: heater 7 is divided into many groups; Respectively by different temperature controller controls; The specific (special) requirements of Vacuum System Design is: vavuum pump discharge capacity and vacuum tank 1 volume will be confirmed according to die cavity 6 volume size; Guarantee that the die cavity vacuum reaches-0.09MPa or higher in 3 seconds, the performance of vacuum stopper 2 will guarantee that die cavity 6 is communicated with vacuum system fast, makes molten metal can not get into vacuum system with air-flow again; The flow of vacuum valve 3 and each element of vacuum system and actuation time will be complementary with whole vacuum system; (2) hot runner and mould are installed preheating: the principle of hot runner Temperature Field Control is: press on 8 internal orifices of chamber the temperature at the indoor center of temperature specific pressure of (with the mould place that links) high about 50 ℃.Press indoor mean temperature by different diecasting alloys values (aluminium alloy should reach more than 500 ℃).Mould is also wanted preheating simultaneously, and preheat temperature becomes with diecasting alloys, and aluminium alloy should reach about 350 ℃, and kirsite should reach about 250 ℃; Should be after the preheating at once to pressing chamber and die cavity spray paint; (3) molten metal pours into hot runner, matched moulds, vacuumizes: pour in the hot pressing chamber of counterdie 9 when molten metal after; Upper cylinder 4 is fast with patrix 5 and counterdie 9 matched moulds; Seal die joint and start vacuum valve and vacuumize; Before injection begins, die cavity 6 is vacuumized, reach the control vacuum values in 3 seconds (0.09MPa); (4) low speed, vacuum are filled type: select filling velocity (set up in advance, the movement velocity of injection punch head is controlled at the 10-100 mm/second) according to different foundry goods.When vacuum values reach-during 0.09MPa, injection oil cylinder 11 moves immediately, the beginning injection; In the overall process of injection, vacuum system is communicated with die cavity always, and the retentive control value.
(5) extrusion is solidified: (this moment, die cavity was full of at the injection after-stage; Foundry goods center ot-yet-hardened); Injection oil cylinder 11 rapid superchargings, injection punch head 10 is exerted pressure to the metal in the sprue with the high specific pressure of hundreds of MPas and was kept several minutes, and fully the feeding foundry goods makes foundry goods finer and close; (6) die sinking pickup.
The present invention is suitable for shot sleeve has the full-vertical die casting machine of pressure charging system to carry out aluminium alloy, zinc alloy diecasting.
Claims (1)
1. low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology is characterized in that processing step is following:
(1) mould, vacuum system and hot runner design: the specific (special) requirements of mould design is that ingate thickness is thicker than common compression mod, is 6-12mm, the position of hot runner is installed penetrates more than the cylinder body 200mm at tripping; The hot runner designing requirement is that heater is divided into many groups, respectively by different temperature controller controls; The requirement of Vacuum System Design is that vavuum pump discharge capacity and vacuum tank volume will be confirmed according to the die cavity volume size; Guarantee that the die cavity vacuum reaches-0.09MPa or higher in 3 seconds; The performance of vacuum stopper will guarantee that die cavity is communicated with vacuum system fast, makes molten metal can not get into vacuum system with air-flow again; The flow of vacuum valve and each element of vacuum system and actuation time will be complementary with whole vacuum system;
(2) hot runner and mould are installed preheating: the principle of hot runner Temperature Field Control is: press the temperature at the indoor center of temperature specific pressure on indoor mouthful high 50 ℃; Press indoor mean temperature by different diecasting alloys values; Mould preheating simultaneously, aluminium alloy should reach 350 ℃, and kirsite should reach 250 ℃; Should be after the preheating at once to pressing chamber and die cavity spray paint;
(3) molten metal pours into hot runner, matched moulds, vacuumizes: pour in the hot pressing chamber of counterdie when molten metal after; Matched moulds seals die joint and starts vacuum valve and vacuumizes fast; Before injection begins, die cavity is vacuumized, reach the control vacuum values in 3 seconds and be-0.09Mpa;
(4) low speed, vacuum are filled type: select filling velocity according to different foundry goods, when vacuum values reach-during 0.09MPa, press the injection switch immediately, the beginning injection, in the overall process of injection, vacuum system is communicated with die cavity always, and the retentive control value;
(5) extrusion is solidified: at the injection after-stage, and the rapid supercharging of injection hydraulic jack, injection punch head is exerted pressure to the metal in the sprue with the high specific pressure of hundreds of MPas and was kept several minutes, and fully the feeding foundry goods makes foundry goods finer and close;
(6) die sinking pickup.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810106843A CN101274361B (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2008-05-08 | Low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology |
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| CN200810106843A CN101274361B (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2008-05-08 | Low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology |
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| CN101274361A CN101274361A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
| CN101274361B true CN101274361B (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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| CN200810106843A Expired - Fee Related CN101274361B (en) | 2008-05-08 | 2008-05-08 | Low speed vacuum squeeze casting technology |
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| CN102101164A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 贵阳广航铸造有限公司 | Slow molding die casting method |
| CN102233418A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-09 | 李解华 | Novel hot runner system |
| CN101954471A (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-01-26 | 重庆硕龙科技有限公司 | High-pressure casting die cavity vacuumizing method with pressure supplementing function and device thereof |
| CN102451898A (en) * | 2010-10-30 | 2012-05-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Vacuum melting die-casting equipment |
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| CN113199008A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-03 | 重庆大学 | Vacuum low-pressure casting device and method for large aluminum and magnesium alloy castings |
| CN113579223B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-12-30 | 重庆大学 | Mold temperature control method based on system heat balance technology |
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