CN109429974A - Cotton sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament - Google Patents

Cotton sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109429974A
CN109429974A CN201811240118.6A CN201811240118A CN109429974A CN 109429974 A CN109429974 A CN 109429974A CN 201811240118 A CN201811240118 A CN 201811240118A CN 109429974 A CN109429974 A CN 109429974A
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China
Prior art keywords
cotton
defoliation ripening
leaf
medicament
sprays
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CN201811240118.6A
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Inventor
韩鑫
于金友
孔辉
尚德林
范鑫
李英翔
伊丽丽
兰玉彬
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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Priority to CN201811240118.6A priority Critical patent/CN109429974A/en
Publication of CN109429974A publication Critical patent/CN109429974A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/50Cotton
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of cotton and sprays the operational method for improving leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament.Compared with prior art, the present invention selects electronic single rotor plant protection drone to promote to fall the equipment of operation as development cotton leaf wind-force after cotton defoliation ripening, with stable and powerful pushing wind field when its flight operation, " marcescence " and the cotton leaf of " falling and hanging branch " after defoliation ripening medicament can will be sprayed effectively to blow off plant, it effectively compensates for existing operational method and only focuses on defoliation ripening medicament and spray but to cotton leaf " marcescence " after spray, the deficiency of " falling and hanging branch " problem shortage reply means, it is organically combined to which defoliation ripening medicament " Chemical defoliation " and unmanned plane are pushed wind " physics blows leaf " two kinds of technological means, effectively increase the practical disleave rate of cotton and landing rate, and then reduce subsequent machine pick cotton percentage of impurity, with operating efficiency height, operation effectiveness is good and the advantages such as operating cost does not obviously increase , should be widely promoted.

Description

Cotton sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of by two kinds of operation means phases of " defoliation ripening agent Chemical defoliation " and " push scenery reason and blow leaf " In conjunction with to improve the operational method of cotton defoliation rate and landing rate.More particularly, refer to that a kind of cotton sprays defoliation ripening The operational method of leaf landing rate is improved after medicament.
Background technique
Cotton is to Later growth, and leaf, which starts to dry up, to fall off, and cotton boll graduallys mature blow-of-cottons.Nowadays, it is adopted to be easy to use Cotton machine carries out mechanization cotton picking and reduces percentage of impurity, needs to spray defoliation ripening agent to cotton before machine pick cotton.Defoliant is such as Magron, the treasured that falls off etc. are sprayed onto penetrate into blade on cotton leaf after, absorb the moisture in blade so that leaves water loss, withered, Petiole attachment region forms dialysis layer, and cotton leaf is made to fall off;Ripener such as ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid etc. has reduction boll endoperoxides object enzymatic activity Effect, spray to balance between the ethylene and auxin after ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid in cotton boll and change, cotton boll is promoted to crack.Currently, spraying machine Airplane spray can be used for tool and overhead spraying machine sprays.
Found during actual job, after spraying defoliation ripening agent to cotton, there is cotton leaf " it is withered without Fall " and " falling and hanging branch " phenomenon." marcescence " refers to that leaf is withered after drug effect plays a role, but petiole not with plant reality Now efficiently separate;" falling and hanging branch " refers to that the withered rear petiole of leaf is realized with plant and efficiently separates, but fallen leaves are then hung over On cotton plant branch.Cotton leaf " marcescence " and " falling and hanging branch " phenomenon not only significantly reduce cotton defoliation ripening operation Cotton-wool percentage of impurity is reduced during quality, more back machine pick cotton, raising machine pick cotton quality brings very big negative effect.Cause This, needs to develop a kind of operational method that can be reduced leaf hanging branch after cotton sprays defoliation ripening, promote leaf landing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the operators that a kind of cotton sprays raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament Method, to solve the above technical problems.By defoliation ripening medicament " Chemical defoliation ", " physics is blown the operational method with unmanned plane pushing wind Two kinds of operation means of leaf " organically combine, and can effectively improve cotton defoliation rate and landing rate, and then reduce machine pick cotton percentage of impurity.
Technical problem solved by the invention can be realized using following technical scheme: cotton sprays defoliation ripening medicament The operational method for improving leaf landing rate afterwards, includes the following steps.
Step 1: cotton defoliation ripening medicament spraying method and ground spray equipment selection
(A) according to the varieties of plant, cropping pattern and planting density of operation plot cotton, with reference to the plot landform and peripheral path Mating situation, the operational method for selecting spraying machine spray in ground to spray as development cotton defoliation ripening medicament;
(B) it is suitable for carrying out the operational method that cotton defoliation ripening medicament sprays according to selected by step (A), selects overhead spraying machine Work tool is sprayed as with what the spraying method matched.
Step 2: the selection of cotton defoliation ripening medicament and its compounding dosage determine
(A) the cotton growth week according to the varieties of plant, cropping pattern and planting density of operation plot cotton, when with reference to operation Phase selects suitable cotton defoliant and ripener from commercially available medicament;
(B) according to the product operation instruction and its pharmacodynamic characteristics of selected cotton defoliant and ripener in step (A), determination will be upper State the reasonable volume that two kinds of medicaments are used in compounding.
Step 3: cotton defoliation ripening confection ground sprays operation
(A) the product operation instruction and compounding of cotton defoliant and ripener selected by the operation plot determined according to second step are used Amount, according to the gross area in the operation plot, configures the mixed aqueous solution of cotton defoliant and ripener;
(B) commercially available organic silicon surfactant is added to the cotton configured through step (A) according to certain concentration of volume percent In the mixed aqueous solution of flower defoliant and ripener, configure for overhead spraying machine sprays selected by the first step confection;
(C) according to cotton defoliation ripening technical regulation, cotton is carried out by overhead spraying machine selected by the first step on operation plot Defoliation ripening confection sprays operation, and completion sprays step (B) configured confection;
(D) the operation plot larger for cotton planting density, growing way is more prosperous, after should being spaced 5~7 days repeat step (A), (B), (C), it carries out the secondary of cotton defoliation ripening confection to spray, to enhance defoliation ripening drug effect.
Step 4: wind-force rush falls electronic unmanned plane selection after cotton defoliation ripening
(A) the performance characteristic of the product operation instruction and respective drug effect of cotton defoliant and ripener according to selected by second step, From completing to count on the day of cotton defoliation ripening confection sprays operation, the drug effect of cotton defoliation ripening medicament is waited to play the phase Terminate;
(B) it is taken off from cotton plants according to the separation situation and cotton leaf of cotton leaf on operation plot and cotton plants Fall behind the hanging branch situation hung on cotton branch again, selects to push the commercially available electronic of wind field with stable and powerful when flight operation Single rotor plant protection drone falls the equipment of operation as cotton leaf wind-force rush is implemented after defoliation ripening.
Step 5: implementing wind-force rush to cotton leaf after defoliation ripening using electronic unmanned plane falls operation
(A) according to the separation of cotton leaf on operation plot and hanging branch situation, the electronic single rotor plant protection referring to selected by the 4th step without Man-machine working performance determines that electronic single rotor plant protection drone implements cotton leaf wind-force and promotees to fall the job parameter of operation;
(B) the cotton defoliation ripening medicament drug effect described in the 4th step play the previous day for terminating phase or on the day of, carry out electronic Dan Xuan Wing plant protection drone implements cotton leaf wind-force rush and falls the preparation before operation;
(C) the cotton defoliation ripening medicament drug effect described in the 4th step play the phase terminate on the day of, manipulate electronic single rotor plant protection without It is man-machine, according to the job parameter that step (A) is determined, wind-force rush is implemented to the cotton leaf on operation plot and falls operation.
Concentration of volume percent of the organic silicon surfactant in cotton defoliant and ripener mixed aqueous solution It is 0.05%~0.15%.
The drug effect performance phase of the cotton defoliation ripening medicament is 13~18 days.
It includes flying height, flight speed that the electronic single rotor plant protection drone, which implements the job parameter that wind-force promotees to fall operation, Degree, operations number, and flying height range is 1.5 meters~3.5 meters, flying speed range is 2.0 meter per seconds~7.0 meter per seconds, is made Industry numbers range is 1 time~3 times.
It includes battery charging, base station that the electronic single rotor plant protection drone, which implements the preparation that wind-force rush is fallen before operation, It sets up, plot mapping, flight course planning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) cotton proposed by the present invention sprays defoliation ripening medicament Defoliation ripening medicament " Chemical defoliation " and unmanned plane are pushed wind " physics blows leaf " two by the operational method for improving leaf landing rate afterwards Kind technological means organically combines, and can effectively improve the practical disleave rate of cotton and landing rate, and then can reduce subsequent machine pick cotton Percentage of impurity;(2) present invention selects electronic single rotor plant protection drone to promote as development cotton leaf wind-force after cotton defoliation ripening It falls the equipment of operation, with stable and powerful pushing wind field when flight operation, can will spray " withered after defoliation ripening medicament Without falling " and the cotton leaf of " falling and hanging branch " effectively blow off plant, effectively compensate for existing operational method and only focus on disleave The medicament that accelerates the ripening sprays the deficiency for but lacking reply technological means to cotton leaf " marcescence ", " falling and hanging branch " problem after spray; (3) in the operational method electronic single rotor plant protection drone use, have that operating efficiency is high, operation effectiveness is good and operating cost It the advantages such as does not obviously increase, should be widely promoted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the operational method flow diagram that cotton of the present invention sprays raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in Figure 1, the present invention is the operational method that cotton sprays raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament, packet The following steps are included.
Step 1: cotton defoliation ripening medicament spraying method and ground spray equipment selection
(A) cotton variety that certain operation plot is planted is Shandong cotton 532, for the standardized production operation for adapting to large-scale cotton picker, 76 centimetres of mechanized cultivation modes of line-spacings such as plot use, planting density is 5000~6000 plants/acre, with reference to the plot landform And the mating situation of peripheral path, the operational method for selecting spraying machine spray in ground to spray as development cotton defoliation ripening medicament;
(B) it is suitable for carrying out the operational method that cotton defoliation ripening medicament sprays according to selected by step (A), selects matt 3WPA- The overhead spraying machine of 700 types sprays work tool as with what the spraying method matched.
Step 2: the selection of cotton defoliation ripening medicament and its compounding dosage determine
(A) according to varieties of plant, cropping pattern and the planting density of the operation plot cotton, it is contemplated that plot cotton when operation Growth cycle in mid or late September selects commercially available Thidiazuron to spray as operation with cotton defoliant, select ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid as Operation is sprayed with cotton ripener;
(B) according to the product operation instruction and its pharmacodynamic characteristics of selected cotton defoliant and ripener in step (A), determination will be upper It states two kinds of medicaments to be used in compounding, and reasonable volume is to use 40 grams of Thidiazurons and 90 milliliters of ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acids per acre.
Step 3: cotton defoliation ripening confection ground sprays operation
(A) the product operation instruction and compounding of cotton defoliant and ripener selected by the operation plot determined according to second step are used Amount, according to the gross area in the operation plot, configures the mixed aqueous solution of Thidiazuron and ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid;
(B) commercially available organic silicon surfactant is added to the thiophene configured through step (A) according to 0.10% concentration of volume percent Benzene is grand and ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid mixed aqueous solution in, configure sprayed for the overhead spraying machine of matt 3WPA-700 type selected by the first step it is mixed Close medicament;
(C) according to Agriculture in Shandong Province rural area Room website in the number that in August, 2018 is issued be " SDNYGC-1-6031-2018 " " spring sowing cotton defoliation ripening technical regulation ", by the overhead spraying machine of matt 3WPA-700 type selected by the first step on operation plot The operation that sprays of cotton defoliation ripening confection is carried out, completion sprays step (B) configured confection;
(D) in view of the cotton planting density and growing way in the plot are moderate, only selection carries out 1 cotton defoliation ripening confection Spray operation.
Step 4: wind-force rush falls electronic unmanned plane selection after cotton defoliation ripening
(A) the performance characteristic of the product operation instruction and respective drug effect of cotton defoliant and ripener according to selected by second step, From completing to count on the day of cotton defoliation ripening confection sprays operation, 18 days by a definite date cotton defoliation ripening medicament medicines are waited The effect performance phase terminates;
(B) it is taken off from cotton plants according to the separation situation and cotton leaf of cotton leaf on operation plot and cotton plants Fall behind and hang over hanging branch situation on cotton branch again, with the stable and powerful new agriculture S40 for pushing wind field when selecting flight operation Type single rotor electric agricultural unmanned plane falls the equipment of operation as cotton leaf wind-force rush is implemented after defoliation ripening.
Step 5: implementing wind-force rush to cotton leaf after defoliation ripening using electronic unmanned plane falls operation
(A) according to the separation of cotton leaf on operation plot and hanging branch situation, the new agriculture S40 type single rotor electricity referring to selected by the 4th step The working performance for moving agricultural unmanned plane determines that new agriculture S40 type single rotor electric agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle cotton leaf wind-force rush is fallen The flying height of operation is 2.0 meters, and flying speed range is 5.0 meter per seconds, and operations number is 1 time;
(B) the previous day that the performance phase of the cotton defoliation ripening medicament drug effect described in the 4th step terminates, new agriculture S40 type single rotor is carried out Electric agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle cotton leaf wind-force rush falls the preparation before operation, including battery charging, base station are set up, plot Mapping, flight course planning;
(C) the cotton defoliation ripening medicament drug effect described in the 4th step play that the phase terminates on the day of, manipulate new agriculture S40 type single rotor electricity Agricultural unmanned plane is moved, according to the job parameter that step (A) is determined, wind-force rush is implemented to the cotton leaf on operation plot and falls work Industry.
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiments are only to be shown and described basic principles and main features of the invention And advantages of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are it is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, not Under the premise of being detached from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various modifications or equivalent replacement, and without departing from the present invention Any modification of spirit and scope or equivalent replacement, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. the operational method that cotton sprays raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament, comprising:
Step 1: cotton defoliation ripening medicament spraying method and ground spray equipment selection
(A) according to the varieties of plant, cropping pattern and planting density of operation plot cotton, with reference to the plot landform and peripheral path Mating situation, the operational method for selecting spraying machine spray in ground to spray as development cotton defoliation ripening medicament;
(B) it is suitable for carrying out the operational method that cotton defoliation ripening medicament sprays according to selected by step (A), selects overhead spraying machine Work tool is sprayed as with what the spraying method matched;
Step 2: the selection of cotton defoliation ripening medicament and its compounding dosage determine
(A) the cotton growth week according to the varieties of plant, cropping pattern and planting density of operation plot cotton, when with reference to operation Phase selects suitable cotton defoliant and ripener from commercially available medicament;
(B) according to the product operation instruction and its pharmacodynamic characteristics of selected cotton defoliant and ripener in step (A), determination will be upper State the reasonable volume that two kinds of medicaments are used in compounding;
Step 3: cotton defoliation ripening confection ground sprays operation
(A) the product operation instruction and compounding of cotton defoliant and ripener selected by the operation plot determined according to second step are used Amount, according to the gross area in the operation plot, configures the mixed aqueous solution of cotton defoliant and ripener;
(B) commercially available organic silicon surfactant is added to the cotton configured through step (A) according to certain concentration of volume percent In the mixed aqueous solution of flower defoliant and ripener, configure for overhead spraying machine sprays selected by the first step confection;
(C) according to cotton defoliation ripening technical regulation, cotton is carried out by overhead spraying machine selected by the first step on operation plot Defoliation ripening confection sprays operation, and completion sprays step (B) configured confection;
(D) the operation plot larger for cotton planting density, growing way is more prosperous, after should being spaced 5~7 days repeat step (A), (B), (C), it carries out the secondary of cotton defoliation ripening confection to spray, to enhance defoliation ripening drug effect;
It is characterized in that, further including having the following steps:
Step 4: wind-force rush falls electronic unmanned plane selection after cotton defoliation ripening
(A) the performance characteristic of the product operation instruction and respective drug effect of cotton defoliant and ripener according to selected by second step, From completing to count on the day of cotton defoliation ripening confection sprays operation, the drug effect of cotton defoliation ripening medicament is waited to play the phase Terminate;
(B) it is taken off from cotton plants according to the separation situation and cotton leaf of cotton leaf on operation plot and cotton plants Fall behind the hanging branch situation hung on cotton branch again, selects to push the commercially available electronic of wind field with stable and powerful when flight operation Single rotor plant protection drone falls the equipment of operation as cotton leaf wind-force rush is implemented after defoliation ripening;
Step 5: implementing wind-force rush to cotton leaf after defoliation ripening using electronic unmanned plane falls operation
(A) according to the separation of cotton leaf on operation plot and hanging branch situation, the electronic single rotor plant protection referring to selected by the 4th step without Man-machine working performance determines that electronic single rotor plant protection drone implements cotton leaf wind-force and promotees to fall the job parameter of operation;
(B) the cotton defoliation ripening medicament drug effect described in the 4th step play the previous day for terminating phase or on the day of, carry out electronic Dan Xuan Wing plant protection drone implements cotton leaf wind-force rush and falls the preparation before operation;
(C) the cotton defoliation ripening medicament drug effect described in the 4th step play the phase terminate on the day of, manipulate electronic single rotor plant protection without It is man-machine, according to the job parameter that step (A) is determined, wind-force rush is implemented to the cotton leaf on operation plot and falls operation.
2. cotton according to claim 1 sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament, special Sign is: concentration of volume percent of the organic silicon surfactant in cotton defoliant and ripener mixed aqueous solution is 0.05%~0.15%.
3. cotton according to claim 1 sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament, special Sign is: the drug effect performance phase of the cotton defoliation ripening medicament is 13~18 days.
4. cotton according to claim 1 sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament, special Sign is: it includes flying height, flight speed that the electronic single rotor plant protection drone, which implements the job parameter that wind-force promotees to fall operation, Degree, operations number, and flying height range is 1.5 meters~3.5 meters, flying speed range is 2.0 meter per seconds~7.0 meter per seconds, is made Industry numbers range is 1 time~3 times.
5. cotton according to claim 1 sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament, special Sign is: it includes battery charging, base station that the electronic single rotor plant protection drone, which implements the preparation that wind-force rush is fallen before operation, It sets up, plot mapping, flight course planning.
CN201811240118.6A 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 Cotton sprays the operational method of raising leaf landing rate after defoliation ripening medicament Pending CN109429974A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11196689A (en) * 1998-01-14 1999-07-27 Hiroyuki Nomura Planted tree-stabilizing device
CN105961051A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-09-28 华南农业大学 Aerial spraying method and device for cotton defoliating agent
CN106818693A (en) * 2017-01-03 2017-06-13 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 Agricultural chemicals application method
CN107996339A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-05-08 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of Raw cotton production method excellent suitable for Northwest inland cotton region wide morning
CN108522472A (en) * 2018-04-08 2018-09-14 吴李海 A kind of plant protection multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11196689A (en) * 1998-01-14 1999-07-27 Hiroyuki Nomura Planted tree-stabilizing device
CN105961051A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-09-28 华南农业大学 Aerial spraying method and device for cotton defoliating agent
CN106818693A (en) * 2017-01-03 2017-06-13 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 Agricultural chemicals application method
CN107996339A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-05-08 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of Raw cotton production method excellent suitable for Northwest inland cotton region wide morning
CN108522472A (en) * 2018-04-08 2018-09-14 吴李海 A kind of plant protection multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle

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