CN109417237B - 液冷的接触元件 - Google Patents

液冷的接触元件 Download PDF

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CN109417237B
CN109417237B CN201780041914.4A CN201780041914A CN109417237B CN 109417237 B CN109417237 B CN 109417237B CN 201780041914 A CN201780041914 A CN 201780041914A CN 109417237 B CN109417237 B CN 109417237B
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contact element
hollow cylinder
connection
cable
plug connector
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CN109417237A (zh
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C·柏姆迪克
A·布兰德
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Harting Automotive GmbH and Co KG
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    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/005—Electrical coupling combined with fluidic coupling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • H01R13/42—Securing in a demountable manner
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    • H01R13/533—Bases, cases made for use in extreme conditions, e.g. high temperature, radiation, vibration, corrosive environment, pressure
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    • H01R24/20—Coupling parts carrying sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured only to wire or cable
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/56—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation one conductor screwing into another
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    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
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    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于汽车充电插接连接器的电接触元件，该电接触元件具有接触部(4)和连接部(3)，其中连接部(3)可以连接到电缆(2)的电导体(9)。冷却液可以输送到接触元件(1)。由此直接输出了在接触元件上产生的热量。因此，能够借助于这种接触元件(1)比利用已知的接触元件传输更高的电流。

Description

液冷的接触元件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据独立权利要求1的前序部分所述的、液冷的接触元件。本发明还涉及使用了这种接触元件的插接连接器。
背景技术
这种接触元件尤其用于传输高的电流和例如用在充电插接连接器中。
当需要相对于具有内燃机的传统车辆实施这种技术时，在电动车中快速充电时必要的。具有内燃机的车辆能够在数分钟之内加满油。在此，电动车必须能够与此相当。在快速充电过程中必须使用特别高的电流，这导致在充电插接连接器中强烈的热量产生。
FR 2 723 466 A1描述了一种用于焊接机或者相当的机器的连接部件。连接部件由连接件和形成在其上的体部组成，其中连接部件构造为单部件式或整体部件。通过螺纹连接在连接部件的体部上连接了适配器。通过适配器把作为冷却剂的水输入到连接部件中。水流入体部的空腔中且通过另一个、螺旋连接到体部上的适配器再次输出。
DE 10 2010 050 562 B3描述了一种用于电动汽车的充电插接连接器。在充电过程中产生的插接连接器的升温通过螺旋形的液体管线减小，所述液体管线基本上在插接连接器的把手区域中延伸。冷却液通过液体管线流入闭合的冷却循环中。
在所述的插接连接器中，仅仅冷却了插接连接器。在接触元件和与其连接的电导体中仍然像之前一样在操作期间积聚热量，这可能导致插接连接器的功率损失和相关的更长的充电过程。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，提出一种尤其用在充电插接连接器中的、效率高的接触元件。
该任务通过独立权利要求1的特征性特征解决。
本发明的有利的构型在从属权利要求中给出。
根据本发明的电接触元件最佳地适用于充电插接连接器。这种充电插接连接器例如用于为电动汽车充电。
接触元件具有接触部和连接部。连接部如此设计，使得其可以连接到电缆的电导体。冷却液可以输送到接触元件。在接触元件的连接部中存在空腔，冷却液流入该空腔中且在那里可以吸收并输出热量。为此，连接部可以与用于冷却液的流入管线连接。电导体和流入管线能够连接到接触元件。
有利地，电接触元件至少构造为两部件式。连接部和接触部分别由单独的构件形成。单独的构件能够可逆地彼此连接。
两部件式的优点在于，在一定数量的插接循环之后可以更换插接部，而连接部能够继续使用。通过更换接触部而能够再次极其迅速地使用插接连接器。这种结构方式的另一个优点在于，连接部和接触部能够由不同的材料形成。材料能够根据需要选择。例如，接触部可以设有导电特别良好的涂层(敷层)，例如具有银-或金合金。对连接部来说这种涂层不是必要的。在此相应地可以取消该涂层。
在本发明的有利的实施方案中，连接部和接触部彼此可螺旋连接。由此可实现在插接侧从插头连接器移除由于各种插接循环而磨损的接触部，并用新的接触部替换它。
接触元件的接触部优选形成为所谓的具有优选四个或六个翅片的插座。连接部基本上形成为圆柱形且具有从其轴向伸出的空心圆柱体。在连接部中设置了至少一个开口，然而优选两个、三个或四个开口。
在本发明的有利的变型中，一个开口的空腔或者多个开口的空腔与空心圆柱体的空腔连接。冷却液能够流入连接部的一个开口或多个开口中并且冷却液可以通过空心圆柱体再次流出。在此，冷却液直接作用于接触元件。冷却作用准确地出现在运行中产生热量的地方。因此，此处描述的接触元件的冷却也是特别有效的，尤其是当接触元件应用在电动车辆的充电插接连接器中时。这种充电插接连接器不需要额外的冷却。
连接到根据本发明的接触元件的电缆在横截面中由中心冷却液管线组成。各个导体，这里是铜线，位于冷却液管线周围。铜线由液密薄膜包围。在这种薄膜上有所谓的缓冲元件，它们最终被固定的电缆护套包围。缓冲元件也是中空的，因此冷却液可以在液密薄膜和电缆护套之间的区域中流动。
优选地，空心圆柱体在端侧逐渐变细并且具有出口开口。从出口开口向上看，将连续的肋状结构施加到空心圆柱体上。肋状结构用于导体和接触元件之间的良好导电接触。
空心圆柱体的出口开口被推入中心冷却液管线中。出口开口的外直径和中心冷却液管线的内直径彼此一致。
在空心圆柱体的肋状结构上，放置上述电缆的各个导体。借助于压接筒将导体压紧在肋状结构上。肋状结构确保导体与连接部的特别良好的导电连接。
接触元件具有套筒，该套筒在一侧上至少部分地覆盖连接部。在连接部中设置两个环绕的槽，在每个环绕的槽中嵌入密封环。通过密封部使套筒和连接部的重叠区域以介质密封的方式密封。套筒的另一端部在电缆的电缆护套上延伸。套筒的内直径和电缆的外直径相一致。通过套筒的压缩变形以介质密封的方式使套筒和电缆的重叠区域密封。
根据本发明的接触元件的冷却如下进行：在缓冲元件的区域中流动的冷却液到达接触元件的连接部并且在该区域中进入接触元件中进入一个开口或多个开口中。液体能够吸收热能。冷却液再次通过空心圆柱体从连接部排出，并通过电缆的中心冷却液管线再次排出。这里描述的冷却过程是循环过程。始终用新鲜冷却剂环绕冲刷接触元件。
附图说明
在附图中示出并且下面详细说明本发明的实施例。其示出了
图1是接触元件连同连接的电缆的透视剖面图；
图2是接触元件连同连接部上的套筒的透视分解图；
图3是接触元件的接触部的透视图；
图4是接触元件的连接部的透视图；
图5是压接筒的透视图；
图6是电缆连同内置的冷却液管线的透视图；
图7是接触元件的透视分解图；
图8是插接连接器连同内置的接触元件的透视剖面图；
图9是接触元件连同连接的电缆和两部件式的压接筒的透视图；以及
图10是连接部的剖视图。
附图包括部分简化的、示意的视图。部分地，对于相同的元件但是必要时不一致的元件也使用相同的附图标记。相同元件的不同视图可能以不同的比例示出。
具体实施方式
图1示出接触元件1，其电连接在具有内置的冷却液管线的电缆2上。接触元件1具有连接部3和接触部4。连接部3包含轴向钻孔25以及接触部4包含轴向贯通孔26。无论是钻孔25还是贯通孔26都分别具有内螺纹5且能够通过螺钉(未示出)彼此可逆地连接。在接触部4上形成了滚花27，该滚花防止了连接部3和接触部4之间的扭转。如果在多次插接循环之后接触部4磨损，则可以放置新的接触部4而不必将电缆2重新连接到接触元件1。电缆2可以永久地保持在连接部3上。
接触部4形成为具有总共6个翅片7的所谓插座。连接部3基本上是圆柱形的。从主体轴向伸出形成空心圆柱体6。空心圆柱体6也可以被认为是空心针。空心圆柱体6朝着端部逐渐变细并且通到出口开口13为止。在出口开口13和主体之间，将肋状结构14施加到空心圆柱体6上。在连接部3中设置开口15，该开口形成通向连接部3内部的空腔16的入口。沿连接部3的侧表面旋转对称地设置了多个开口15。开口15相对彼此分别具有相同的距离。空腔16同样与形成空心圆柱体6的空腔连接。
连接到接触元件1的电缆2在横截面中由中心冷却液管线8形成。单个的导体9，在此是铜线定位在冷却液管线8周围。铜线被液密薄膜10(出于说明的原因仅示意性示出)包围。在该薄膜10上是所谓的缓冲元件11，该缓冲元件最终被固定的电缆护套12包围。缓冲元件11也设计为中空的，从而冷却液可以在液密薄膜10和电缆护套12之间的区域中流动。电缆2通过套筒17固定在接触元件1上。连接部3具有两个环绕的槽19，在环绕的槽中分别布置有密封环(出于说明的原因未示出)。通过密封环以介质密封的方式密封套筒17。
空心圆柱体6的出口开口13插入到电缆2的中心冷却液管线8中。冷却液管线8的内直径与空心圆柱体6的或者说出口开口13的外直径一致。出口开口13的几何形状防止空心圆柱体6从冷却液管线8滑落。电缆2的电导体9导电地贴靠在空心圆柱体6的肋状结构14上。通过压接筒18(图5)把导体9固定在空心圆柱体6上。压接筒18朝着电缆2覆盖了液密薄膜10的一部分。在另一端部上，压接筒18液密地朝着连接部3的主体密封。因此，导体9是液密地密封的。
连接部3具有冷却液能穿流的空腔16。可以如此调节空腔的体积，以便通过冷却液可以输出足够的热量，但是连接部仍然具有足够的厚实度。
冷却液沿箭头20在电缆护套侧通过套筒17并从那里沿箭头21流入连接部3的开口15中。连接部3的空腔16由冷却液流过。在此操作中产生的热量被冷却液吸收，并通过空心圆柱体6的空腔沿箭头22的方向通过中心冷却液管线8再次输出。在远程系统中，冷却液可以再次过冷却并在一循环中再次输入到开口15中。
在图8中示出了插接连接器23的开口的壳体，接触元件1安装在该壳体中并连接到电缆2。通常插接连接器23包括至少两个接触元件1以及还有两个连接在接触元件上的电缆2，所述电缆包含冷却管线。插接连接器23可以包括其它未冷却的接触元件(未示出)，例如用于控制信号，接触元件分别连接到没有冷却功能的电缆。两根电缆2和其它电缆共存在一柔性管(出于说明的原因未示出)中，该柔性管从插接连接器23的电缆出口24离开。
图9示出了接触元件1的替代实施方案，该接触元件具有连接的、引导冷却液的电缆2。压接筒18'在此构造为两部件式。在图9中，出于说明的原因，仅示出了两部件式压接筒18'的一部分。
图10示出了压接筒18的一种特殊类型的压接。压接筒18被带入所谓的六角星形压接模具中。由此实现了均匀且特别是气密的压接。这种类型的压接也具有非常低的电阻值。各个导体9在压接筒18下方挤压在一起并且彼此接触。由此围绕连接部3形成封闭的导电铜层。在缓冲元件11的区域中，冷却液可以经由压接筒18流向接触元件1或其连接部3。
附图标记列表
1接触元件 15开口
2电缆 16空腔
3连接部 17套筒
4接触部 18压接筒
5内螺纹 19槽
6空心圆柱体 20箭头
7翅片 21箭头
8中心冷却液管线 22箭头
9导体 23插接连接器
10液密薄膜 24电缆出口
11缓冲元件 25钻孔
12电缆护套 26贯通孔
13出口开口 27滚花
14肋状结构(Lamellenstruktur)

Claims (12)

1.一种电接触元件，所述电接触元件具有接触部(4)和连接部(3)，其中所述连接部(3)能够与电缆(2)的电导体(9)连接，其中冷却液能够从所述电缆输送到所述电接触元件(1)，其特征在于，所述电接触元件(1)至少构造为两部件式且所述连接部(3)和所述接触部(4)分别构造为单独的、彼此能够可逆地连接的构件，以及所述连接部(3)具有冷却液可穿流的空腔(16)，所述连接部(3)基本上形成为圆柱形且具有从其轴向伸出的空心圆柱体(6)，所述空心圆柱体(6)在端侧具有出口开口(13)并且朝着所述端侧逐渐变细并通到所述出口开口(13)为止以及在所述空心圆柱体上安置了肋状结构(14)，其中冷却液能够流入所述连接部(3)的所述空腔(16)以及所述冷却液能够通过所述空心圆柱体(6)再次流出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，所述连接部(3)和所述接触部(4)能够彼此螺纹连接。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，所述接触部(4)形成为插座。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，所述插座具有四个或六个翅片(7)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，所述连接部(3)具有至少一个开口(15)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，所述连接部(3)具有两个、三个或四个开口(15)。
7.根据权利要求5所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，开设有一个所述开口或多个所述开口(15)的所述空腔(16)与所述空心圆柱体(6)的空腔连接。
8.根据权利要求5所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，冷却液能够流入所述连接部(3)的一个所述开口或多个所述开口(15)中以及所述冷却液能够通过所述空心圆柱体(6)再次流出。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的电接触元件，其特征在于，所述电接触元件(1)具有套筒(17)，所述套筒至少部分地覆盖所述连接部(3)。
10.一种插接连接器，具有至少一个根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电接触元件(1)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的插接连接器，其特征在于，所述插接连接器是汽车充电插接连接器。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的插接连接器，其特征在于，在所述电接触元件(1)上连接了至少一个引导冷却液的电缆(2)。
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