CN109404720B - 用于动力机械、设备或交通工具的液化气的汽化组分的冷却 - Google Patents
用于动力机械、设备或交通工具的液化气的汽化组分的冷却 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109404720B CN109404720B CN201810811606.1A CN201810811606A CN109404720B CN 109404720 B CN109404720 B CN 109404720B CN 201810811606 A CN201810811606 A CN 201810811606A CN 109404720 B CN109404720 B CN 109404720B
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- Prior art keywords
- liquefied gas
- nitrogen
- cooling
- tank
- heat exchanger
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 277
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
公开的是一种用于液化气驱动系统的燃料系统(1)。所述燃料系统具有液化气罐(21)和用于液化气中的汽化组分的冷却系统(10),所述冷却系统包括液氮罐(11)、氮泵(12)、热交换器(13)和氮冷却器(14),所述液氮罐(11)、所述氮泵(12)、所述热交换器(13)和所述氮冷却器(14)在管道回路中彼此连接。所述热交换器(13)布置在所述液化气罐(21)的内部。还公开了一种具有燃料系统的交通工具、一种设备和一种具有燃料系统的机器,以及一种用于冷却液化气驱动系统的液化气中的汽化组分的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于液化气驱动系统的燃料系统,所述燃料系统具有液化气罐和用于冷却液化气的汽化组分的冷却系统。本发明还涉及一种用于使液化气驱动系统的液化气的汽化组分冷却的方法,以及一种交通工具、尤其是船舶、一种设备以及一种机器,所述交通工具、设备和机器均具有液化气驱动系统和燃料系统。
背景技术
存储液化气(尤其是天然气)或利用液化气运行的系统普遍具有以下特征:热通过罐绝热部进入普遍为低温的液体中;液体的温度例如为约-161℃。最后,引入的热会导致液体汽化。在本领域,汽化组分在英语中也被称作“boil off gas(沸出的气体)”,简称为“BOG”。液化气罐中附加的气体组分会使罐压力升高。由于允许的罐压力受限于结构设计,因而通常设置有释放阀,所述释放阀在超出最大压力时打开。然后,气体通过释放阀流出罐并可以经由烟道逃逸到环境中。为了确保没有可燃气体以未被燃烧的状态进入环境,通常要将已经经由烟道释放到环境中的汽化气烧除。
一旦达到规定的最小罐压力值就会重新关闭释放阀。在关闭后,罐压力会再次升高直至再次达到最大压力。
过量气体的释放对于这种系统是重要的,但是它要求环境能允许这样的系统运行:在烟道出口靠近点火源(例如火焰)或可点火气体(例如气体泄漏点)时,这种标准系统的运行是危险的。此外,汽化过程产生的能量通常无法被利用,从而使得罐容纳物的损失没有得到补偿。
从EP2899116A2知晓一种系统,在该系统中,液化气或汽化气被供送给热交换器,液氮供送通过所述热交换器。液化气或汽化气由此被冷却和/或再次液化并且供送回到罐中。在热交换过程期间汽化的氮通过阀被排出。
然而,在此,冷却布置结构需要用于使液化气从罐到热交换器并再次返回罐的管道系统,所述管道系统由于它的管道和连接部而使泄露的可能性提高。尤其,由于液化气的可燃性,设备的安全性被降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种避免释放汽化气以提高设备的安全性的技术。
该目的是通过根据本发明的用于液化气驱动系统的燃料系统、具有液化气驱动系统的的交通工具、具有液化气驱动系统的的设备或机器、以及根据本发明的用于冷却液化气驱动系统的液化气中的汽化组分的方法来实现的。优选的实施例披露在说明书以及附图中。
根据本发明的燃料系统设置成用于液化气驱动系统(例如液体天然气驱动系统),尤其用于交通工具(例如水运或陆地交通工具)、设备(例如加工设备或生产设备)、或机器的液化气驱动系统。燃料系统具有液化气罐(用于收容用于驱动系统的液化气,所述液化气例如可以是天然气)和冷却系统。冷却系统包括液氮罐、热交换器、氮泵和氮冷却器(用于冷却流过它的氮)。在此,液氮罐、热交换器、氮泵、氮冷却器通过管道彼此连接在管道回路中,以由此借助于氮泵使来自液氮罐的氮相继循环通过热交换器和氮冷却器并返回液氮罐。
热交换器由此布置在液化气罐的内部,以使得液化气的汽化物的热能(也即液化气的汽化的气体组分的热能)可以在液化气罐中传递给供送通过热交换器的氮。
根据本发明的位于液化气罐内部的热交换器布置结构实现了液化气的冷却,也即液化气的汽化组分的冷却,而液化气的汽化组分不会离开液化气罐。用于液化气和它的汽化组分的存在泄漏可能性的连接部和管道由此可以被省去,这提供了以下优点:提高设备的安全性。
根据本发明的具有管道回路和氮冷却器的冷却系统的构造还实现了:使得液化气的汽化组分在闭合系统中冷却而不会有任何氮损失。氮的定期补充以及由此液氮的连续供应由此可以被省去,这意味着给船加油所需的支出减少。此外,采用这种方式可以降低出行所运载的冷却剂(氮)量以及由此要使用的运输能量。
液氮罐、氮冷却器和/或氮泵优选地布置在液化气罐外。
管道回路可包括用于氮泵的旁通管道,其中,旁通管道优选地包括阀。由此,在氮泵(所述氮泵例如是压力控制的氮泵)出现问题的情况下,冷却系统可继续运行。
氮冷却器优选地在预期的泵送方向(也即预期的氮流动方向)上布置在热交换器之后并构造成用于使在热交换器(液化气罐中)中被液化气的汽化组分加热的氮再次冷却。
氮冷却器尤其可构造成是电运行的。燃料系统可包括发电机,所述发电机为氮冷却器供电。这种发电机可以例如于罐室中布置在根据本发明的交通工具中或根据本发明的设备中并尤其可以构造成利用液化气来运行,以可以从液化气本身获得冷却能力(在理想的无损失的系统中,冷却过程所需的能量将对应于气体汽化的能量)。
根据本发明的交通工具(其尤其可以是船舶或陆运交通工具)具有液化气驱动系统,并为了向驱动系统提供液化气还具有根据本发明的如本文所公开的实施例之一的燃料系统。
类似地,根据本发明的设备(所述设备可以例如是加工设备或生产设备)或者根据本发明的机器具有液化气驱动系统,并为了向驱动系统提供液化气还具有根据本发明的如本文所公开的实施例之一的燃料系统。
在每种情况下,液化气驱动系统尤其可以是液体天然气驱动系统。
根据一有利的改进,根据本发明的燃料系统的冷却系统具有用于热交换器中加热的氮的出口。在此,热交换器优选地通过旁通氮冷却器的管道连接至所述出口并且所述出口可以被关闭和打开(例如基于压力、比如借助于减压阀而被关闭和打开)。
尤其,这种出口允许使冷却系统选择性地运行为开放系统(例如在氮冷却器或泵故障的情况下),在所述开放系统中,氮在从液化气的汽化组分吸热后没有供送通过氮冷却器并再次冷却,而是经由管道通过所述出口直接排出。在这种情况下,氮由此以气态的形式排放到环境中。基于液氮罐中所储存的氮量,系统可以继续运行一定的时间(例如是数天这样的时长等级)。在该阶段期间,冷却系统或缺陷构件的修复、或者适当的危险保护程序应当被执行。
根据一有利的实施例,冷却系统还包括压缩氮气贮存器,所述压缩氮气贮存器通过管道(该管道可包括优选为可控的阀)连接至液氮罐。这使得能够控制液氮罐中的运行压力。氮汽化的汽化温度会随着运行压力改变。系统由此能够利用压力来控制汽化能量并由此控制热交换器的冷却能力。
为了限制管道回路中的(尤其液氮罐中的)最大压力,冷却系统优选地具有减压出口。通过减压出口,氮可以与压力相关地从冷却系统释放。
在液化气罐用于运行状况的预期定向中,热交换器优选地布置在液化气罐的顶部空间中,也即布置在液化气的液位上方(尤其布置在预期的最大液位上方)。在液化气罐的这种定向中,热交换器尤其可以优选地布置在液化气罐的内部空间的最上面的四分之一中、或甚至是最上面的六分之一中。
根据一有利的实施例,热交换器具有多个冷却管,氮(来自管道回路)供送通过这些冷却管。所述多个冷却管优选地具有共同的供给管道和/或共同的排出管道,以使得所供送的氮流首先分支到冷却管中中并在冷却管后(在流动方向意义上的“后”)再次汇合。
所述多个冷却管可以尤其包括至少两个冷却管,所述至少两个冷却管的至少区段绕着共同的中心轴线沿着相应的环延伸。在此,两个或两个以上冷却管的所述相应的环可以沿共同的中心轴线彼此上下布置,并可以由此形成多个层(并且可以例如具有相同的半径)。替代地或附加地,所述多个管可包括至少两个冷却管,所述至少两个冷却管的至少区段绕着共同的中心轴线沿着相应的环延伸,其中,所述相应的环具有不同的半径并且冷却管布置在一个共同的层内(以使得至少一个环以环绕在另一个环外的方式延伸)。
在液化气罐用于运行状况的预期定向中,所述共同的中心轴线优选地基本上竖直地延伸。
所述多个冷却管优选地形成有至少一个间隙,液化气罐中的汽化气可以通过所述间隙在所述多个冷却管之间流动。通过这种方式,可以实现尤为高效的冷却。
根据一有利的改进,热交换器包括至少一个滴槽,所述至少一个滴槽用于液化气的在热交换器上已经凝结的汽化组分。尤其,所述至少一个滴槽可以布置在热交换器的最下面(参考液化气罐用于运行状况的预期定向)的冷却管上。尤其,所述滴槽可以例如设计成至少部分地具有环的形式,从而沿循冷却管中的至少一个(例如最下面的管)的轮廓的。
根据一优选的实施例,根据本发明的燃料系统具有包括烟道的至少一个排气系统,其中,液化气罐通过至少一个管道连接至抽吸系统。在此,管道可包括减压阀。由此,可以通过借助于抽吸系统从液化气罐释放汽化气来阻止在液化气罐中超出最大罐压力(尤其在故障的情况下)。
冷却系统也可以连接至抽吸系统(通过合适的管道)。尤其,上文所记载的用于热交换器中加热的氮的出口和/或减压出口(用于氮)可以通向用于液化气罐的抽吸系统,或者通向单独的抽吸设备(根据需要单独地或共同地)。
类似地,根据本发明的交通工具的液化气驱动系统、或根据本发明的设备或机器的液化气驱动系统可以具有它自己的抽吸设备,或者也可以连接至用于液化气罐的抽吸系统。
根据一优选的实施例,抽吸系统具有至少一个燃烧器,所述燃烧器用于系统性烧除要排放的气体(所述要排放的气体尤其可以是来自液化气罐的汽化气或在具有合适连接的情况下是驱动系统的运行中所使用的气体)。在抽吸系统用于运行状况的预期定向中,燃烧器优选地位于烟道的上三分之一中,更优选地位于烟道的上八分之一或甚至上十分之一中。
为了避免正在燃烧的气体闪回到液化气罐中,抽吸系统优选地具有爆燃阻火器。爆燃阻火器阻止火焰爆炸性蔓延回到液化气罐中。
根据一有利的实施例,根据本发明的燃料系统具有抽吸系统以及用于向抽吸系统供送氮的氮清洗系统。为此,氮清洗系统可包括氮贮存器,例如至少一个压缩氮气缸;在此,氮贮存器可以整体地或部分地与冷却系统的上文所记载的压缩氮气贮存器重合,或者可以是单独的氮贮存器。氮清洗系统优选地具有至少一个阀和/或至少一个压力调节器。在氮冷却系统出现故障的情况下,并且作为可燃性汽化气必须被排走的最后的手段,借助于氮清洗系统,这种可燃气体可以被氮移走或稀释,并由此以不可燃浓度释放。由此,冷却系统、氮清洗系统和抽吸系统所形成的组合可以提供能补偿燃料系统的一个部件(例如一个单独的构件)的故障的冗余设计。由此,在故障的情况下,可以至少在限定地时间段内确保安全运行,而汽化气不会以危险的浓度来到环境中。
根据本发明的燃料系统优选地具有用于液化气罐的加压系统,加压系统包括另外的热交换器(为了在本文中予以更好地区分也被称作“汽化用热交换器”)以用于从液化气罐蒸发液化气,加压系统还包括将汽化的液化气引入液化气罐的管道。通过这种方式,液化气罐中的压力可以以系统性的方式提高。
根据本发明的方法用来提供液化气驱动系统的液化气的汽化组分的冷却。在此,液化气(其尤其可以是液体天然气)布置在根据本发明的如本文所披露的实施例之一的燃料系统的液化气罐中,并且所述方法包括供送氮通过位于液化气罐中的热交换器。
根据本发明的方法的一改进,燃料系统设计成具有上文记载的出口,所述出口可以对于热交换器中加热的氮关闭或打开。所述方法可以包括:在第一阶段中,在出口关闭的情况下供送氮通过冷却系统的管道回路,并且在第二阶段中(例如泵或氮冷却器已经故障后)从液氮罐供送氮通过热交换器并到达(打开的)出口,优选地同时使氮冷却器旁通。出口的打开尤其可以在出现故障后以压力控制的方式、例如借助于减压阀进行。
类似地,燃料系统可具有用于限制燃料系统的管道回路中的最大压力的减压出口,并且所述方法在第二阶段中可包括通过减压出口释放氮。
根据本发明的方法的一有利实施例,燃料系统——如上所述——包括抽吸系统和氮清洗系统。在该变型例中,所述方法包括:在第一时间段内,借助于冷却系统冷却汽化气,并且在第二时间段内(例如在冷却系统故障后),通过抽吸系统排走汽化气。在抽吸系统包括燃烧器的情况下,所述方法可包括:在第二时间段期间烧除汽化气。
在燃料系统在抽吸系统基础上还包括氮清洗系统的有利情况下,过程可包括通过将氮从氮清洗系统引入抽吸系统中而将抽吸系统中的汽化气稀释至不可燃浓度。
附图说明
在下文中将借助于附图更详细的地说明本发明的优选的实施例。被理解的是,图示的各元件和构件不一定被包括,和/或可以采用与图示的方式不同的方式组合。
对于对应元件的附图标记在附图上使用并不一定地针对每幅图一一说明。
在此,附图示出:
图1示出根据本发明的燃料系统的一示例性实施例
图2a示出根据本发明的燃料系统的一个实施例的热交换器的视图;
图2b示出图2a所示的热交换器的从另一观察角度的视图;并且
图3示出根据一实施例的热交换器在工作时的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性示出根据本发明的一示例性实施例的燃料系统1,所述燃料系统1处于用于运行状况的预期定向。燃料系统1被安装在或者可以安装在交通工具(例如水运或陆运交通工具)或者具有液化气驱动系统的设备或机器中并且包括冷却系统10和具有液化气罐21的罐室20。液化气罐21构造成通过管道22连接至驱动系统(未示出)或者已经连接有驱动系统。
冷却系统10具有液氮罐11、氮泵12、热交换器13和氮冷却器14,这些部件在管道回路中互连。通过具有阀(优选地是可控阀)的管道,液氮罐11连接至压缩氮气贮存器16,所述压缩氮气贮存器16在这种情况下设计成压缩氮气缸。借助于压缩氮气贮存器16,可以在液氮罐11中设定运行压力,所述运行压力确定热交换器13的冷却能力。
热交换器13在液化气罐21的内部、尤其在上部区域中布置在罐中所包含的液化气的液位(未示出)上方,以使得汽化的气体组分可以在热交换器13周围流动并可以冷凝在热交换器上。
氮泵12构造成使氮在管道回路中循环。氮泵12通过包括阀的管道15与液氮罐11连接并且在这种情况下可以被具有阀的管道17的旁通(尤其在氮泵出现问题的情况下)。
氮冷却器14可以例如是电运行的,例如借助于发电机(未示出)来运行,所述发电机继而可以利用来自液化气罐21的液化气来运行。
图示的燃料系统1此外还具有加压系统,所述加压系统在这种情况下布置在用于液化气罐的罐室20中;所述加压系统包括汽化用热交换器23以使来自液化气罐的液化气汽化,所述加压系统还包括管道24(具有阀)以将汽化的液化气引入液化气罐。
液化气罐21通过具有减压阀26的管道25连接至抽吸系统30。如果超出液化气罐21中所规定的最大压力,那么汽化气可以采用这种布置释放到环境中,如图中箭头所示。
抽吸系统包括烟道31,所述烟道的上八分之一中布置有用于汽化气的系统性烧除的燃烧器32。爆燃阻火器33于液化气罐21与燃烧器32之间布置在烟道31中;爆燃阻火器33旨在用来阻止火焰向液化气罐21的任何闪回。
此外,图示的该实施例中的燃料系统1包括具有氮贮存器41的氮清洗系统40,所述氮贮存器41在这种情况下包括压缩气缸并通过管道42(管道42包括至少一个阀)连接至抽吸系统30。氮由此可以经由管道42供送给抽吸系统,尤其供送给烟道31,且同时在必要的情况下可以将已经引入的汽化气稀释到不可燃浓度。氮清洗系统由此为燃料系统提供附加的安全性。
在该实施例中,为了借助于冗余设计来进一步提高安全性,燃料系统包括氮清洗系统40和燃烧器32两者;在替代的实施例中,它没有包括这两个单元中的任何一个或只包括这两个单元中的一个。
冷却系统10包括用于在热交换器13中被加热的氮的出口18、和用于限制管道回路(尤其液氮罐)中的最大压力的减压出口19;在这种情况下,出口18和减压出口19均被设计成减压阀并通向抽吸系统30的烟道31。通过出口18,燃料系统1可以运行为开放式系统,从而例如在氮冷却器14或泵12出现故障的情况下使氮冷却器14被旁通以一时间段直至做出修复。
图2a和图2b以两个不同的观察角度示出示例性热交换器13,所述热交换器用在根据本发明的燃料系统1的一有利的变型例中:在液化气罐用于运行状态的预期定向中,图2a示出热交换器的俯视图,朝向图2a的观察方向由此竖直地延伸,而图2b示出热交换器13的侧视图,也即水平方向观察时的视图。
热交换器13具有多个冷却管131、131'、131”、131a、131b、…、131n,氮可以流过这些冷却管;这些冷却管绕着共同的中心轴线A沿着相应的环延伸,所述中心轴线A在图2a中沿着观察方向延伸并由此看到的仅仅是一个点。被理解的是,图示的冷却管的数量单纯是示例性的。
图2a中可观察到的冷却管的相应的环可以具有不同的半径,冷却管131由此作为一个环以环绕冷却管131'的方式延伸,而冷却管131'继而作为一个环以环绕冷却管131”的方式延伸。在此,三个冷却管131、131'和131”布置在一个共同的层中,也即,它们沿着中心轴线A相对于彼此没有偏置。间隙S(也是共轴地延伸的)形成在冷却管131、131'和131”之间,汽化气可以流动穿过所述间隙。
图2b中的冷却管131、131a、131b、131n、以及没有附图标记的冷却管沿中心轴线彼此上下叠置并由此形成多个层。在此,各环在这种情况下均具有相同的半径。
冷却管131、131'、131”、131a、131b、…、131n具有共同的供给管道132和共同的排出管道133,氮可以通过所述共同的供给管道132被引入并通过所述共同的排出管道133被排出。由此,在氮的流动上,冷却管并联地连接。在图2b中通过箭头示出氮的预期流动方向。
滴槽134布置在最下面的冷却管、在这种情况下是冷却管131n上;滴槽134沿循冷却管131n的圆形路径并竖直地延伸。凝结的汽化气可以排到滴槽134上。
这样的排出过程在图3中示出,图3以剖视图示出处于运行状态下的热交换器13的一剖面:如箭头所示,汽化气随着持续地降温而从上向下流动穿过叠置的冷却管之间的间隙S直至它在最下面的冷却管层(具有冷却管131n以及关于所述中心轴线进一步靠内布置的其它冷却管)的区域内冷凝。最下面的冷却管分别具有竖直延伸的呈环形式的相应的滴槽134、134'、134”,由凝结的汽化气形成的液滴F落在所述滴槽上。
还公开了一种用于液化气驱动系统的燃料系统1。燃料系统具有液化气罐21、和用于液化气的汽化组分的冷却系统10,冷却系统10包括液氮罐11、氮泵12、热交换器13和氮冷却器14,所述液氮罐11、氮泵12、热交换器13和氮冷却器14在管道回路中彼此连接。热交换器13布置在液化气罐21的内部。
还公开了一种交通工具、一种设备和一种机器,所述交通工具、所述设备和所述机器均具有燃料系统1,还公开了一种用于冷却液化气驱动系统的液化气中的汽化组分的方法。
附图标记列表
1 燃料系统
10 冷却系统
11 液氮罐
12 氮泵
13 热交换器
14 氮冷却器
15 管道
16 压缩氮气贮存器
17 管道
18 用于在热交换器13中被加热的氮的出口
19 减压出口
20 罐室
21 液化气罐
22 通向驱动系统(未示出)的管道
23 汽化用热交换器
24 管道
25 管道
26 减压阀
30 抽吸系统
31 烟道
32 燃烧器
33 爆燃阻火器
40 氮清洗系统
41 氮贮存器
42 管道
131,131',131”,131a,131b,…,131n 冷却管
132 供给管道
133 排出管道
134,134',134” 滴槽
A 中心轴线
F 流体滴
S 间隙
Claims (12)
1.一种用于液化气驱动系统的燃料系统(1),其中,
·所述燃料系统具有液化气罐(21)和冷却系统(10),
·所述冷却系统包括液氮罐(11)、氮泵(12)、热交换器和氮冷却器(14),所述液氮罐(11)、所述氮泵(12)、所述热交换器和所述氮冷却器(14)在管道回路中彼此连接,
·所述热交换器布置在所述液化气罐(21)的内部,
·所述燃料系统还具有至少一个抽吸系统(30),所述抽吸系统具有烟道(31),所述液化气罐(21)通过至少一个管道连接至所述烟道(31),所述至少一个管道被构造成从所述液化气罐排放气体通过所述烟道,
·其特征在于,
·所述冷却系统(10)还具有连接到所述烟道的出口(18),所述出口能够对于所述热交换器中加热的氮经过所述烟道的排放进行关闭或打开,和/或所述冷却系统(10)还具有连接到所述烟道的减压出口(19)以限制通过所述烟道排放的在所述管道回路中的最大压力;和/或
·所述燃料系统还包括连接到所述烟道的氮清洗系统(40)以将氮供入所述烟道。
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃料系统,其特征在于,所述热交换器具有多个冷却管(131,131',131”,131a,131b,131n),氮能被供送通过所述冷却管。
3.根据权利要求2所述的燃料系统,其特征在于,所述多个冷却管包括至少两个冷却管(131,131',131”,131a,131b,131n),所述至少两个冷却管的至少部分区段绕着共同的中心轴线(A)沿着相应的环延伸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的燃料系统,其特征在于,所述至少一个抽吸系统(30)包括至少一个燃烧器(32)以烧除排放的气体。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的燃料系统,其特征在于,所述燃料系统还包括用于所述液化气罐(21)的加压系统,所述加压系统包括汽化用热交换器以从所述液化气罐蒸发液化气,所述加压系统还包括将汽化的液化气引入所述液化气罐(21)的管道。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的燃料系统,其特征在于,所述冷却系统(10)包括压缩氮气贮存器(16),所述压缩氮气贮存器(16)通过管道连接至所述液氮罐(11)。
7.一种具有液化气驱动系统的交通工具,所述交通工具具有根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的燃料系统(1)以向所述液化气驱动系统提供液化气。
8.根据权利要求7所述的交通工具,其特征在于,所述交通工具是船舶。
9.一种具有液化气驱动系统的设备或机器,其中,为了向所述液化气驱动系统提供液化气,所述设备或所述机器具有根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的燃料系统(1)。
10.一种用于冷却液化气驱动系统的液化气中的汽化组分的方法,其中,
·所述液化气位于根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的燃料系统(1)中的液化气罐中,并且
·所述方法包括供送氮通过位于所述液化气罐(21)中的热交换器。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,根据权利要求9的设备或机器来设计燃料系统,所述方法在第一阶段中包括:在出口(18)和减压出口(19)关闭的情况下供送氮通过冷却系统(10)的管道回路,并且所述方法在第二阶段中包括:通过用于所述热交换器中加热的氮的所述出口(18)或通过所述减压出口(19)释放氮。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的方法,其特征在于,
·所述方法包括:在第一时间段期间借助于所述冷却系统来冷却汽化气,并且在第二阶段期间通过所述抽吸系统(30)排走汽化气。
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KR20190019832A (ko) | 2019-02-27 |
EP3444520A1 (de) | 2019-02-20 |
DE102017118951B4 (de) | 2019-11-14 |
US20190054992A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
EP3444520B1 (de) | 2021-09-15 |
US10850825B2 (en) | 2020-12-01 |
DE102017118951A1 (de) | 2019-02-21 |
KR102576906B1 (ko) | 2023-09-08 |
CA3011864A1 (en) | 2019-02-18 |
JP2019035502A (ja) | 2019-03-07 |
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