CN109392681A - The method for culturing seedlings of oil palm - Google Patents
The method for culturing seedlings of oil palm Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109392681A CN109392681A CN201811426402.2A CN201811426402A CN109392681A CN 109392681 A CN109392681 A CN 109392681A CN 201811426402 A CN201811426402 A CN 201811426402A CN 109392681 A CN109392681 A CN 109392681A
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- oil palm
- residue
- culturing seedlings
- culturing
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
Abstract
The present invention relates to agriculture fields, in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm.The method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, comprising: by the oil palm fruit merging oil press oil expression after de- fruit, separation oil and residue carry out nursery to the seed in the residue.In oil press expressing process, the operation of oil press increases oil palm fruit temperature, and oil palm seed can be also heated in oil press, but can't lead to its inactivation because of being squeezed by oil press.Eliminate the heat treatment step of oil palm seed.The high temperature generated in residue tiling natural fermentation process and decomposed high temperature and the nutrition provided at natural organic matter for oil palm seed needed for germinateing, oil palm germination is effectively induced, it is healthy and strong to cultivate seedling for 81% or more germination percentage, oil palm seedling process is simplified, seedling raise period is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture fields, in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm.
Background technique
Oil palm belongs to perennial monocotyledon, is tropical woody oleiferous plants crop.Plant is tall and big, and the system of fibrous root, stem is upright, regardless of
Branch, it is cylindric.Blade pinniform is totally cleaved, Dan Ye, spadix (panicle), the different sequence of monoecism, fruit category drupe.Oil palm
Pulp, kernel rich in oil, in various oil crops, oil palm fruit oil content is up to 50% or more, there is the title of " world oil king ".
Since the grease yield of oil palm is extra-high, and purposes is than wide, so, subtropical and tropical zones are competing in the last hundred years
Mutually introduce a fine variety, the provinces and regions such as China Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan also start in nineteen twenty-six plant oil palm, the sixties in last century growing surface
Product stops commercially producing and section due to the objective and subjective reasons such as kind, technology, management up to 650,000 mu in the beginning of the eighties in last century
It grinds.2011, Minister Agriculture of China was again started up oil palm and plants experimentally work, starts kind on Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong and other places and plants experimentally, with
Rigorous attitude according to crop varieties introduce plant experimentally, screening varieties, corresponding cultivation techniques and be widely applied plantation test walk
Suddenly it conducts a research, preliminary screening has gone out region suitable planting kind.
Oil palm is pyrophilous, wet, intense light irradiation environment, it is desirable that fertile soil, hygrophilous but intolerant to waterlogging.Oil palm seed is except no shell kind
Outside, general nucleocapsid is hard, and water suction and permeability are poor.Before vernalization, seed need to be soaked seed 4~6 days with clear water, fresh seeds
Seed soaking time can be shorter.Under the action of 38 DEG C of high temperature, it can start to germinate.
Therefore, oil palm seed needs decladding, and heat and moisture preserving, the time is longer, hinders the fast breeding of oil palm seedling.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, it is intended to improve the method for culturing seedlings of existing oil palm
The problem of seedling raising process complexity.
The present invention provides a kind of technical solution:
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, comprising: by oil palm fruit merging oil press oil expression, separation oil and residue, to described residual
Seed in slag carries out nursery.
In other embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned isolate after the residue further includes being laid in the residue
Culture bed, culture bed described in water infiltration, culture 45-60 days of 20-30 cm thick.
In other embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned culture bed described in water infiltration and keep the culture bed water content to be
70-80%.
In other embodiments of the invention, it is above-mentioned during the cultivation process, culture bed be placed under sunlight is irradiated.
In other embodiments of the invention, it is above-mentioned during the cultivation process, controlling the culture bed temperature is 36-40
℃。
In other embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned further include: after culture 45-60 days, germination continues to cultivate 45-
60 days, after the high 30-40cm of nursery, by the culturing and transplanting seedlings to nutrient bag.
In other embodiments of the invention, Nutrition Soil is filled in above-mentioned nutrient bag, the Nutrition Soil includes volume ratio
For the organic fertilizer of 0.5-1:0.8-1.2:2, decomposed coco bran and river sand.
In other embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned by before the culturing and transplanting seedlings to the nutrient bag, it further include to battalion
It supports bag and sterilizes expelling parasite.
In other embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned to oil palm fruit merging oil press oil expression, it specifically includes: pressing repeatedly
The residue is squeezed, until being overflowed with the tight residue of holding without oil.
In other embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned oil press is screw oil expeller.
The beneficial effect of the method for culturing seedlings of oil palm provided in an embodiment of the present invention is:
In oil press expressing process, the operation of oil press increases oil palm fruit temperature, and oil palm seed also can be in oil press
Inside it is heated；It can reduce the time of oil palm seed sprouting.The present embodiment is extracted oil using oil press, eliminates the heat of oil palm seed
Processing step.While oil press is dexterously utilized to oil palm seed heating reduction seedling-growing time.Oil palm seed can't be because
Lead to its inactivation to be squeezed by oil press.It the high temperature that is generated in residue natural fermentation process and decomposed is provided at natural organic matter
High temperature and nutrition needed for oil palm germination, effectively induce oil palm germination, and germination percentage 81% or more cultivates seedling
Stalwartness simplifies oil palm seedling process.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The method for culturing seedlings of the oil palm of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below.
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, comprising: by the oil palm fruit merging oil press oil expression after de- fruit, separation oil and residue,
Nursery is carried out to the seed in the residue.
In the present embodiment, oil palm fruit is squeezed in oil press, oil and fiber residue, oil palm is obtained after squeezing
Seed also carries out culture nursery in residue, then to the oil palm seed in residue.In oil press expressing process, the fortune of oil press
It exercises oil palm fruit temperature to increase, oil palm seed can be also heated in oil press；It can reduce the time of oil palm seed sprouting.This
In embodiment, while oil press is dexterously utilized to oil palm seed heating reduction seedling-growing time.Further, inventor is real
Find that oil palm seed can't lead to its inactivation because of being squeezed by oil press after testing.
Compared with prior art, it saves and correspondingly also shortens oil palm for the time of oil palm seed dry heat treatment and process
The seedling raise period of seed.
In other embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned residue further includes examining to residue before carrying out culture nursery
It surveys, detects in residue whether contain a large amount of oil contents.
In detail, residue mixture is tight with holding, see if there is oil exudation or hand scatter after palm whether have oil residual
It stays, oil residual such as occurs, residue mixture is put back into oil press feed well and continues to squeeze, until nothing after residue mixture holding
Oil residual.
Culture nursery is being carried out without the remaining residue of oil to after holding.
In the present embodiment, oil press is screw oil expeller.
Further, in the present embodiment, isolating the residue further includes later that the residue is laid in 20-30 lis
Thick culture bed, culture bed described in water infiltration, culture 45-60 days of rice.
In the present embodiment, the residue of oil palm seed will be contained as culture bed, it is culture bed with water infiltration, make it have one
Fixed humidity, the fiber residue spontaneous fermentation of oil palm fruit, decomposed at organic matter, culture bed internal temperature is increased after fermentation, for oil
Brown seed germination provides preferable environment temperature.
In addition, being that the seedling of oil palm grows up containing elements such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium in decomposed fiber residue
Mineral content is provided.
During the fermentation, internal defect is ventilative for the fiber residue of oil palm fruit, and the seedling for being conducive to oil palm carries out aerobic exhale
It inhales, is conducive to growth.
Further, oil palm fruit is in oil palm tree developmental process, containing required in oil palm growth course in oil palm fruit
Substance and each substance ratio, optimum oil is belonged to using the ingredient that the fiber residue of oil palm fruit ferments to obtain organic matter
The organic matter of brown nursery growth.
In the present embodiment, culture bed described in water infiltration and to keep the culture bed water content be 70-80%.Further
Ground, can be using rainwater to culture bed infiltration, and it is 70-80%, culture that culture bed water content is kept in 40-60 days of culture
Oil palm seed sprouts after 40-60 days.
In the present embodiment, culture bed be placed under sunlight is irradiated.Be conducive to the fermentation of culture bed interior fiber residue.At this
In the other embodiments of invention, it can also be placed in culture bed at the higher position of temperature.Such as in 30 DEG C or so of drying chamber etc..
Further, in the present embodiment, in cultivating process, controlling culture bed temperature is 36-40 DEG C, in the temperature
Under be conducive to oil palm seed germination.Internal temperature after being fermented according to residue suitably stirs culture bed.
From the above, oil palm seed sprouts after cultivating 40-60 days, and seedling stretches out culture bed surface, continues to cultivate 45-60
It, after the high 30-40cm of nursery, leaf color is dark green, and seedling is healthy and strong, by the culturing and transplanting seedlings to nutrient bag.
In other words, after to oil palm seed culture 85-120 days, the high 30-40cm of nursery reaches the level that can be transplanted.
In the present embodiment, Nutrition Soil includes organic fertilizer, decomposed coco bran and the river that volume ratio is 0.5-1:0.8-1.2:2
It is husky.In the present embodiment, organic fertilizer uses commercially available organic fertilizer, and decomposed coco bran is that coco bran and water are blended in the lower fermentation of sunlight irradiation
It rots.
In other embodiments, in order to avoid the worm in nutrient bag grows unfavorable, culturing and transplanting seedlings to the nutrition to nursery
It further include that expelling parasite is sterilized to nutrient bag before bag.
After the present invention is using oil palm fruit oil expression, the high temperature that is generated in residue natural fermentation process and decomposed at natural organic matter
High temperature needed for providing oil palm germination and nutrition effectively induce oil palm germination, cultivate healthy and strong seedling, simplify
Oil palm seedling process.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, mainly comprise the steps that
After oil palm fruit ear manually takes off fruit, fruit enters the oil expression of oil palm screw oil expeller, dregs of fat separation, and seed is squeezed in company with residue
Out.
Residue mixture is tight with holding, see if there is oil exudation or hand scatter after palm whether have oil residual, such as go out
Existing oil residual, puts back to oil press feed well for residue mixture and continues to squeeze, until residue mixture is residual without oil after holding
It stays.
Residue mixture divides into the culture bed of 20cm thickness, and plate, which is patted, to be slightly compacted.
Residue mixture is culture bed to soak through rainwater, and under the irradiation of sunlight, spontaneous fermentation heats up, is decomposed at organic
Matter.
Residue mixture moisturizing 50 days, seedling stretched out surface, germination percentage 83.5%；After 95 days, height of seedling up to 30~40cm,
Leaf color is dark green, and seedling is healthy and strong, at this point, transplanting nutrient bag cultivates field planting seedlings.
Nutrient bag is mixed by organic fertilizer, decomposed coco bran and the river sand that volume ratio is 0.5:0.8:2.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, mainly comprise the steps that
After oil palm fruit ear high temperature kills ferment, peanut hulling machine takes off fruit, fruit is directly entered the oil expression of oil palm screw oil expeller, the dregs of fat point
From seed is squeezed out in company with residue, forms residue mixture.
Residue mixture is tight with holding, see if there is oil exudation or hand scatter after palm whether have oil residual, such as go out
Existing oil residual, puts back to oil press feed well for residue mixture and continues to squeeze, until residue mixture is residual without oil after holding
It stays.
Residue mixture divides into the culture bed of 30cm thickness, and flat mouth spade pats compacting.
Residue mixture is culture bed to soak through artificial watering, keeps wet.Residue mixture is under the irradiation of sunlight, certainly
So fermentation heats up, is decomposed at organic matter.
Residue mixture moisturizing 55 days, seedling stretched out surface, germination percentage 85.2%；After 115 days, height of seedling reaches 30-40cm,
Leaf color is dark green, and seedling is healthy and strong, at this point, transplanting nutrient bag cultivates field planting seedlings.
Nutrient bag is mixed by organic fertilizer, decomposed coco bran and the river sand that volume ratio is 1:1.2:2.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, mainly comprise the steps that
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, comprising:
After oil palm fruit is manually taken off fruit, fruit enters the oil expression of oil palm screw oil expeller, dregs of fat separation, and seed is squeezed in company with residue
Out.Separation oil and residue carry out nursery to the seed in the residue.
Residue mixture divides into the culture bed of 25cm thickness, and plate, which is patted, to be slightly compacted.
Residue mixture is culture bed to soak through rainwater, and under the irradiation of sunlight, spontaneous fermentation heats up, is decomposed at organic
Matter.
Residue mixture moisturizing 55 days, seedling stretched out surface；Germination percentage is 83%；After 90 days, height of seedling is up to 30~40cm, leaf
Color is dark green, and seedling is healthy and strong, at this point, transplanting nutrient bag cultivates field planting seedlings.
Nutrient bag is mixed by organic fertilizer, decomposed coco bran and the river sand that volume ratio is 0.5:0.8:2.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, mainly comprise the steps that
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm, comprising: by oil palm fruit merging oil press oil expression, separation oil and residue, to described residual
Seed in slag carries out nursery.
The residue is laid in the culture bed of 25 cm thicks, it is culture bed described in water infiltration, it cultivates 45 days, seed hair
Bud, germination percentage 82%.
Height of seedling reaches 30-40cm, and leaf color is dark green, and seedling is healthy and strong, at this point, transplanting nutrient bag cultivates field planting seedlings.
Nutrient bag is mixed by organic fertilizer, decomposed coco bran and the river sand that volume ratio is 1:0.8:2.
Test example
In the seedling raising process of embodiment 1, after the culture bed spontaneous fermentation of residue 10 days, to the culture bed progress after fermentation
Composition test analysis, testing result such as table 1.
The culture bed nutrient table of table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 it is abundant to culture bed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the content of calcium and magnesium after fermentation, it can be oil palm seedling
Growth provides nutrient.
To sum up, it can be seen that the method for culturing seedlings emergence rate for the oil palm that 1- of embodiment of the present invention embodiment 4 provides is preferable, says
The process that the method for culturing seedlings of bright oil palm provided by the invention can make oil palm emerge, while save nursery reduces decladding heating etc.
Process.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of oil palm characterized by comprising by oil palm fruit merging oil press oil expression, separation oil and residue,
Nursery is carried out to the seed in the residue.
2. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that isolate after the residue further include will be described residual
Slag is laid in the culture bed of 20-30 cm thick, culture bed described in water infiltration, cultivates 45-60 days.
3. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 2, which is characterized in that culture bed described in water infiltration and keep the culture
Bed water content is 70-80%.
4. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 2, which is characterized in that during the cultivation process, culture bed be placed in sun for described
It is irradiated under light.
5. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 2, which is characterized in that during the cultivation process, control the culture bed temperature
Degree is 36-40 DEG C.
6. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include: after culture 45-60 days, germination, after
It is continuous to cultivate 45-60 days, after the high 30-40cm of nursery, by the culturing and transplanting seedlings to nutrient bag.
7. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 6, which is characterized in that be filled with Nutrition Soil, the battalion in the nutrient bag
Supporting soil includes organic fertilizer, decomposed coco bran and the river sand that volume ratio is 0.5-1:0.8-1.2:2.
8. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 6, which is characterized in that it is described by the culturing and transplanting seedlings to the nutrient bag it
Before, it further include that expelling parasite is sterilized to nutrient bag.
9. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that oil palm fruit merging oil press oil expression, specifically
It include: to squeeze the residue repeatedly, until being overflowed with the tight residue of holding without oil.
10. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oil press is screw oil expeller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811426402.2A CN109392681B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Seedling raising method for oil palm |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811426402.2A CN109392681B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Seedling raising method for oil palm |
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| CN109392681A true CN109392681A (en) | 2019-03-01 |
| CN109392681B CN109392681B (en) | 2021-06-08 |
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| CN104194919A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-12-10 | 菏泽巨鑫源食品有限公司 | Asparagus seed oil and preparation method thereof |
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2018
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| CN101444163A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-06-03 | 雷家祥 | Culture method of coriander |
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