CN109384780B - 一类四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其制备方法、用途及药物组合物 - Google Patents
一类四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其制备方法、用途及药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109384780B CN109384780B CN201810924124.7A CN201810924124A CN109384780B CN 109384780 B CN109384780 B CN 109384780B CN 201810924124 A CN201810924124 A CN 201810924124A CN 109384780 B CN109384780 B CN 109384780B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- tetrahydro
- dibenzo
- quinolizine
- trimethoxy
- alkyl
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- BRLDZKPJJNASGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N berbine Chemical class C1=CC=C2CN3CCC4=CC=CC=C4C3CC2=C1 BRLDZKPJJNASGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- -1 tetrahydroprotoberberine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 208000015114 central nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000002911 monocyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 13
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004739 (C1-C6) alkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000019022 Mood disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000013403 hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010013663 drug dependence Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000024714 major depressive disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000019906 panic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- JBULSURVMXPBNA-RXMQYKEDSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3,3-dimethylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[C@H](N)CO JBULSURVMXPBNA-RXMQYKEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ULIWAOSIUZZPST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazolo[4,5-h]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC2=NNN=C2C2=C1C=CN=C2 ULIWAOSIUZZPST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OMZKZBSDIRJVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6h-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CN3CC=C(C=CC=C4)C4=C3C=C21 OMZKZBSDIRJVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000020925 Bipolar disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010026749 Mania Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002861 (C1-C4) alkanoyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004769 (C1-C4) alkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000017194 Affective disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000000103 Anorexia Nervosa Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000036864 Attention deficit/hyperactivity disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010003805 Autism Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000020706 Autistic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000020401 Depressive disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000023105 Huntington disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000004356 Hysteria Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000021384 Obsessive-Compulsive disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010033664 Panic attack Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010041250 Social phobia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000031674 Traumatic Acute Stress disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000028552 Treatment-Resistant Depressive disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000026345 acute stress disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000015802 attention deficit-hyperactivity disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000028683 bipolar I disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000010877 cognitive disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000024732 dysthymic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000003104 endogenous depression Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- VDBNYAPERZTOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinolin-1(2H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC=CC2=C1 VDBNYAPERZTOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010027175 memory impairment Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000028173 post-traumatic stress disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000019116 sleep disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000016686 tic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001589 carboacyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical group ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 103
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 88
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 83
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 72
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 66
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 58
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 57
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 51
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- YDVNLQGCLLPHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;hydrate Chemical compound O.ClCCl YDVNLQGCLLPHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 35
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 34
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 32
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 29
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 26
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- JKPISQIIWUONPB-HNNXBMFYSA-N (-)-stepholidine Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(O)C=C3)OC)=C3C[C@H]2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(O)=C2 JKPISQIIWUONPB-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 21
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 18
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 17
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 14
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Substances OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 13
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 13
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 12
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 12
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 12
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000005420 sulfonamido group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(N*)* 0.000 description 11
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-chlorosuccinimide Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)CCC1=O JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QGMRQYFBGABWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Pentobarbital sodium Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)[N-]C1=O QGMRQYFBGABWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229960002275 pentobarbital sodium Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical group [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- LVEYOSJUKRVCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVEYOSJUKRVCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002666 PdCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUALRAIOVNYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N binap Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MUALRAIOVNYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006400 oxidative hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种由通式(I)表示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物。本发明还提供了所述化合物的制备方法以及其在制备预防和/或治疗中枢神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学和化学合成领域。具体而言,本发明涉及一类结构新颖的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其制备方法、药物组合物及其在制备治疗与多巴胺和5-HT受体相关的神经系统疾病,尤其是帕金森症、精神分裂症、药物成瘾、多动症、偏头痛等神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
背景技术
四氢原小檗碱类化合物(THPBs)是一类具有四个并环结构的异喹啉类生物碱。该类天然生物碱具有广泛的药理活性,如拮抗DA受体、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗心率失常、降血脂、抗抑郁、镇痛等。例如延胡索乙素可用于镇痛,催眠;番荔枝宁能够镇咳、平喘;紫堇碱(corydaline)具有乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。部分四氢原小檗碱类化合物结构如下:
精神分裂症的脑区DA功能不平衡的病因论点指出,患者阳性症状的靶区在皮质下结构,这些区域的D2受体功能亢进,产生阳性症状。患者的阴性症状是由大脑皮层前额叶(mPFC)的D1受体功能低下造成,D1受体激动剂能改善学习记忆障碍。因此,具有D1受体激动和D2受体拮抗双重作用的非经典抗精神分裂药,既匹配改善mPFC的D1受体功能低下,又匹配抑制皮质下结构D2受体功能亢进,是新型抗精神分裂药的研究方向之一。金国章院士等研究的左旋千金藤啶碱(l-SPD)是国际上第一个具有D1激动-D2拮抗双重作用的抗精神分裂药先导化合物。临床初步试验证实,l-SPD具有非经典抗精神分裂药的作用特点,对精神分裂症阴性症状改善较快,且无明显EPS和镇静效应。l-SPD还具有抗帕金森症作用。单侧6-OHDA损毁大鼠是帕金森症的常用动物模型。在0.5-8mg/kg剂量范围内,l-SPD能够剂量依赖性诱导对侧(the intact side)旋转行为,尽管其最大旋转响应显著低于D1激动剂阿朴吗啡(APO)。早期临床试验表明,将l-SPD和抗帕金森症药物合用能够显著降低PD患者运动障碍副作用的发生。此外,有研究表明l-SPD能够抑制吗啡诱导的条件位置偏爱(conditionedplace preference,CPP)的建立、维持和重建,具有治疗阿片成瘾的潜能。
l-SPD的衍生物左旋氯斯库利啉(l-CSL)也具有D1激动-D2拮抗双重作用,且对多巴胺受体的活性更强,但两者均存在口服生物利用度低,理化性质差等问题,限制了其临床应用。因而以其为先导化合物的系列衍生物值得进一步研究。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供由通式(I)表示的一类四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体,以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述通式(I)化合物的制备方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的的通式(I)化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明的再一个目的是提供上述通式(I)化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物在制备治疗与多巴胺和5-HT受体相关的疾病的药物中的应用。
基于上述目的,本发明涉及如通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物:
其中,
R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
或者R1、R2、R3、R4中任意两个相邻的取代基可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
R5~R6各自独立地选自卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
且R1~R6中不能同时有4个或4个以上为C1~C6烷氧基;
通式(I)化合物中的C14位手性碳原子(*)的构型为R型或S型;且通式(I)不包括以下化合物:
1)2,3,9,10-四甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
2)9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
3)2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
4)3-甲氧基甲氧基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
5)2,9,10-三甲氧基-3-烯丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
6)2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-硝基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
7)2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲氧基羰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪。
优选地,R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、氯、溴、巯基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH3、-SCH2CH3、丙基、环丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、二氟甲氧基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、乙烯基甲基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH2NH2、-CH2CH2NH2、-CH2OH、-CH2CH2OH、-CH2CN、-CH2CH2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH2CO2H、-CH2CH2CO2H、-SO2CH3、-SO2CF3、-CH2NHMe、-CH2NMe2、-CH2CONH2、-NHCOCH3、-CH2NHCOCH3、-CH2CONHMe或-CH2CONMe2;
或者,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起可以形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R2、R3可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R3、R4可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
R5~R6各自独立地选自氟、氯、溴、巯基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH3、-SCH2CH3、丙基、环丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、二氟甲氧基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、乙烯基甲基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH2NH2、-CH2CH2NH2、-CH2OH、-CH2CH2OH、-CH2CN、-CH2CH2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH2CO2H、-CH2CH2CO2H、-SO2CH3、-SO2CF3、-CH2NHMe、-CH2NMe2、-CH2CONH2、-NHCOCH3、-CH2NHCOCH3、-CH2CONHMe或-CH2CONMe2。
优选地,R1~R6中有2个或3个为C1~C6烷氧基;更优选地,R1~R6中有2个或3个为甲氧基。
优选地,本发明通式(I)化合物,选自通式(I-A)~(I-G)所示的化合物:
其中,
R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基C1~C6烷氧基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
或者,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起可以形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R2、R3可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R3、R4可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
R5~R6选自氰基、氨基甲酰基、C1~C6烷酰基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、醛基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷基、氨基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C3~C5环烷基。
优选地,通式(I)化合物选自通式(I-A-1)所示的化合物:
其中,R2选自卤素、巯基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
优选地,R2选自卤素、巯基、卤代C1~C4烷氧基、羟基C1~C4烷氧基、C1~C4烷硫基、C1~C4烷基、C3~C5环烷基、C3~C5环烷氧基、C2~C4链烯基、C2~C4链烯氧基、C2~C4炔基、C2~C4炔氧基、卤代C1~C4烷基、氨基、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C4烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C4烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C4烷基、羟基C1~C4烷基、氰基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷酰基、卤代C1~C4烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、被C1~C4烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH2)、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C4烷磺酰基、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基C1~C4烷基、被C1~C4烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C4烷基或被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C4烷基;
更优选地,R2选自氟、氯、溴、巯基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH3、-SCH2CH3、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH2NH2、-CH2CH2NH2、-CH2OH、-CH2CH2OH、-CH2CN、-CH2CH2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO2NH2)、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH2CO2H、-CH2CH2CO2H、-SO2CH3、-SO2CF3、-CH2NHMe、-CH2NMe2、-CH2CONH2、-CH2CONHMe或-CH2CONMe2。
优选地,本发明的通式(I)化合物选自下列化合物中:
(1)(S)-2-甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(2)(S)-2-正丙基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(3)(S)-2-异丁基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(4)(S)-2-氰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(5)(S)-2-氨甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(6)(S)-2-甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(7)(S)-2-羟甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(8)(S)-2-羧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(9)(S)-2-乙氧羰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(10)(S)-2-氨甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(11)(S)-2-乙酰氨基甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(12)(S)-2-乙酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(13)(S)-2-氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(14)(S)-2-乙酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(15)(S)-2-溴-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(16)(S)-2-氯-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(17)(S)-2-乙烯基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(18)(S)-2-羟乙基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(19)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(20)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(21)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(22)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(23)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(24)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(25)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(26)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(27)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(28)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(29)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(30)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(31)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(32)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(33)(S)-2,10-二氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(34)(S)-2,10-二乙酰氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪
(35)2,3-二氰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(36)2,3-氨二甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(37)(S)-2,10-二氰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(38)(S)-2,10-二氨甲酰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(39)2,3-二氨甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(40)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
(41)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-硫酮;
(42)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
(43)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉;
(44)9,10-二甲氧基-1,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
(45)9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉;
(46)9,10-二甲氧基-3,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢-2H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉-2-酮;
(47)10,11-二甲氧基-4,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[3,2-g]异喹啉-3(2H)-酮;
(48)10,11-二甲氧基-7,9,14,14a-四氢-6H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉;
(49)10,11-二甲氧基-6,7,14,14a-四氢-1H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉-2(9H)-酮;
(50)11,12-二甲氧基-3,7,8,10,15,15a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[2,3-h]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
(51)(S)-2-(二氟甲氧基)-3,9,10-三甲氧基-9-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(52)(S)-2-烯丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(53)(S)-2-环丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(54)(S)-2-环戊氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(55)(S)-3,9-二甲氧基-2,10-二羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(56)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(57)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(58)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环戊氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(59)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(60)(S)-2-甲磺酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪。
本发明还提供了通式(I)化合物及其中间体的制备方法,所述制备方法可通过如下方法一至六之一进行,本发明所用起始原料为商业购买或按照相似化合物的已知合成方法制备:
方法一:以含有酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱为原料,和烷基化试剂经烷基化反应得到目标化合物。具体反应条件可参考专利申请CN1900076A。所述烷基化试剂包括但不限于溴代环丙烷、溴代环戊烷、溴乙醇、氯乙醇、3-溴丙烯、一氯二氟甲烷。
方法二:以含酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱(I-1a)~(I-4a)为原料,在碱存在下和磺酰化试剂反应得到化合物(I-1b)~(I-4b);(I-1b)~(I-4b)和偶联试剂经偶联反应得到式I-1~I-4化合物,如反应式1~4所示:
反应式1
其中,R2选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
反应式2
其中,R5选自卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1~R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
反应式3
其中,R2、R6同时选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5为C1~C6烷氧基;
又或者:
反应式4
其中,R2、R3同时选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
反应式1~4中的L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基。
所述磺酰化试剂选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氯、C1~C6烷基磺酸酐、苯磺酰氯、苯磺酸酐、萘磺酰氯、萘磺酸酐,优选甲磺酰氯、甲磺酸酐、三氟甲磺酰氯和三氟甲磺酸酐。所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。
所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶中。
所述偶联反应在钯催化剂和碱存在下进行。所述钯催化剂选自醋酸钯(Pd(OAc)2)、二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯((Ph3P)2PdCl2)、双(苯甲腈)氯化钯((PhCN)2PdCl2)、四(三苯基膦)钯(Pd(PPh3)4)、双(三苯基膦)醋酸钯((Ph3P)2Pd(OAc)2)、1,2-二(二苯基膦基)乙烷二氯化钯((PdCl2(dppe)2))、双(1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷)钯(Pd(dppe)2)、双(二亚芐基丙酮)钯(Pd(dba)2)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd2(dba)3)、[1,3-双(二苯基膦基)丙烷]二氯化钯(PdCl2(dippp))和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(Pd(dppf)Cl2);所述碱为双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、碳酸铯、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氟化钾、氟化钠、氟化四丁基铵(TBAF)、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾和碳酸钠中的一种或多种。所述反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要其不干扰反应即可。如果有必要,可以加入合适的配体作为反应促进剂进行上述反应。合适的配体选自2,2'-二苯膦基-1,1'-联萘(BINAP)、三叔丁基(P(t-Bu)3)、1,1'-二-(二苯膦基)二茂铁(dppf)、2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯(x-phos)、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(Xantphos)、三叔丁基膦四氟硼酸盐和三(2-甲基苯基)膦(P(o-tolyl)3)。所述偶联试剂包括但不限于C1~C6烷基硼酸、环丙基硼酸、苄胺、氰化钾、氰化锌、三丁基乙烯基锡、CO、CO2、甲酸、甲酸钠、甲酸锂、C1~C6烷基硫醇钠、甲磺酸钠。
方法三:以四氢原小檗碱(I-5a)为原料,经多步反应得到式(I-5)化合物,如反应式5所示:
反应式5
所述方法三包括以下步骤:
1)式(I-5a)化合物在碱存在下和磺酰化试剂反应生成式(I-5b)化合物;
2)式(I-5b)化合物和偶联试剂反应得到式(I-5c)化合物;
3)式(I-5c)发生脱苄基反应得到式(I-5d)化合物;
4)式(I-5d)在碱存在下在溶剂中发生烷基化反应得到式(I-5)化合物;
其中,R6选自卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R5选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R2为C1~C6烷氧基;L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基。
其中,步骤1)中的磺酰化试剂选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氯、C1~C6烷基磺酸酐、苯磺酰氯、苯磺酸酐、萘磺酰氯、萘磺酸酐,优选甲磺酰氯、甲磺酸酐、三氟甲磺酰氯和三氟甲磺酸酐。所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶中。
步骤2)偶联反应在钯催化剂和碱存在下进行。所述钯催化剂选自醋酸钯(Pd(OAc)2)、二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯((Ph3P)2PdCl2)、双(苯甲腈)氯化钯((PhCN)2PdCl2)、四(三苯基膦)钯(Pd(PPh3)4)、双(三苯基膦)醋酸钯((Ph3P)2Pd(OAc)2)、1,2-二(二苯基膦基)乙烷二氯化钯(PdCl2(dppe)2)、双(1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷)钯(Pd(dppe)2)、双(二亚芐基丙酮)钯(Pd(dba)2)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd2(dba)3)、[1,3-双(二苯基膦基)丙烷]二氯化钯(PdCl2(dippp))和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(Pd(dppf)Cl2);所述碱为双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、碳酸铯、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氟化钾、氟化钠、氟化四丁基铵(TBAF)、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾和碳酸钠中的一种或多种。所述反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要其不干扰反应即可。如果有必要,可以加入合适的配体作为反应促进剂进行上述反应。合适的配体为2,2'-二苯膦基-1,1'-联萘(BINAP)、三叔丁基(P(t-Bu)3)、1,1'-二-(二苯膦基)二茂铁(dppf)、2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯(x-phos)、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(Xantphos)、三叔丁基膦四氟硼酸盐和三(2-甲基苯基)膦(P(o-tolyl)3)。
步骤3)脱苄基反应可以采用氢化催化法或酸解法,氢化催化法以Pd/C、氢氧化钯或氢氧化钯炭等为催化剂,氢气为还原剂;酸解法可在盐酸、氢溴酸或乙酸中进行。使用氢化催化法或酸解法进行脱苄基反应在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等低级醇或低级醇-水混合溶剂或乙酸乙酯中进行,在20~100℃范围内常压反应;
步骤4)烷基化反应溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶。所述烷基化试剂包括但不限于碘甲烷、溴乙烷、2-溴丙烷、2-氯丙烷、溴代正丁烷、溴代正戊烷、溴代正己烷。
方法四:以含酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱式(I-6a)~(I-9a)化合物为原料,经硝化、还原、关环反应制备得到式(I-6)~(I-9)化合物,如以下反应式6-9所示:
反应式6
其中,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自: 所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;R3选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
反应式7
其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自: 所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者,
反应式8
其中,R3与R4与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者,
反应式9
其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
所述硝化反应中硝化试剂可选自各种浓度的硝酸,浓硫酸与硝酸的混合物,硝酸、硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,硝酸钾与浓硫酸的混合物,亚硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,醋酸与硝酸的混合物,优选醋酸和硝酸的混合物,当硝化试剂为混合物时,对混合比例不做限制,反应温度在-20℃~室温之间。
所述还原反应以Pd/C为催化剂,在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等低级醇或低级醇-水混合溶剂中进行,在0~40℃范围内常压氢化1~10h。
所述关环反应在关环试剂存在下,在有或无碱存在下进行,所述关环试剂包括但不限于光气、三光气、1,1'-羰基二咪唑(CDI)、尿素、四溴化碳、甲酸、原甲酸三甲酯、原乙酸三甲酯、原乙酸三乙酯、乙酰氯、氯乙酰氯、溴乙酰溴、溴乙酰氯等。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯和碳酸氢钠,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶;反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要不影响反应进行即可。
方法五:以式(I-10a)或(I-7a)化合物为原料,经多步反应制备得到式(I-10)或(I-11)化合物,如反应式10~11所示:
反应式10
其中,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自: L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基;R3选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
反应式11
其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自: L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基;R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
所述方法五包括以下步骤:
1)式(I-10a)或(I-7a)化合物和硝化试剂发生邻位硝化反应生成式(I-10b)或(I-7b)化合物;
2)式(I-10b)或(I-7b)化合物和磺酰化试剂在碱存在下在合适的溶剂中反应得到式(I-10c)或(I-11a)化合物;
3)式(I-10c)或(I-11a)化合物和卞胺发生Buchwald-Hartig反应得到式(I-10d)或(I-11b)化合物;
4)式(I-10d)或(I-11b)化合物发生还原反应得到式(I-10e)或(I-11c)化合物;
5)式(I-10e)或(I-11c)化合物通过关环反应得到式(I-10)或(I-11)化合物。
在上述方法中,
步骤1)中的硝化试剂可为浓硫酸与硝酸的混合物,硝酸、硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,硝酸钾与浓硫酸的混合物,亚硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,醋酸与硝酸的混合物,优选醋酸和硝酸的混合物,对混合比例不做限制,反应温度在-20℃~室温之间,反应时间为10分钟~12小时。
步骤2)中的磺酰化试剂选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氯、C1~C6烷基磺酸酐、苯磺酰氯、苯磺酸酐、萘磺酰氯、萘磺酸酐,优选甲磺酰氯、甲磺酸酐、三氟甲磺酰氯和三氟甲磺酸酐。所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶。
步骤3)偶联反应在钯催化剂和碱存在下进行。所述钯催化剂选自醋酸钯(Pd(OAc)2)、二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯((Ph3P)2PdCl2)、双(苯甲腈)氯化钯((PhCN)2PdCl2)、四(三苯基膦)钯(Pd(PPh3)4)、双(三苯基膦)醋酸钯((Ph3P)2Pd(OAc)2)、1,2-二(二苯基膦基)乙烷二氯化钯((PdCl2(dppe)2))、双(1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷)钯(Pd(dppe)2)、双(二亚芐基丙酮)钯(Pd(dba)2)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd2(dba)3)、[1,3-双(二苯基膦基)丙烷]二氯化钯(PdCl2(dippp))和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(Pd(dppf)Cl2);所述碱为双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、碳酸铯、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氟化钾、氟化钠、氟化四丁基铵(TBAF)、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾和碳酸钠中的一种或多种。所述反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要其不干扰反应即可。如果有必要,可以加入合适的配体作为反应促进剂进行上述反应。合适的配体为2,2'-二苯膦基-1,1'-联萘(BINAP)、三叔丁基(P(t-Bu)3)、1,1'-二-(二苯膦基)二茂铁(dppf)、2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯(x-phos)、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(Xantphos)、三叔丁基膦四氟硼酸盐和三(2-甲基苯基)膦(P(o-tolyl)3)。
步骤4)还原反应以Pd/C、氢氧化钯或氢氧化钯炭为催化剂,甲酸铵或氢气为还原剂,在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等低级醇或低级醇-水混合溶剂中进行,在20~100℃范围内常压反应。
步骤5)关环反应在关环试剂存在下,在有或无碱存在下进行,所述关环试剂包括但不限于光气、三光气、1,1'-羰基二咪唑(CDI)、尿素、甲酸、亚硝酸钠、二硫化碳、硫光气、原乙酸三乙酯、氯乙酸、溴乙酸、溴乙酸乙酯、溴乙酸甲酯、氯乙酰胺等。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯和碳酸氢钠中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶中;反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要不影响反应进行即可。
方法六:
由方法一至五所得到的式I-1~I-11化合物进行官能团转化得到。
所述官能团转化反应如通过氧化水解反应、硼氢化-氧化反应、缩合酰化反应、还原反应、酰化反应、酯化反应、格氏反应、氯代反应或溴代反应等。
所述氧化水解反应在氧化剂和碱存在下进行,所述氧化水解体系包括但不限于:过氧化氢/氢氧化钠、过氧化氢/氢氧化钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钠等。
所述硼氢化-氧化反应为烯烃基团先与硼试剂加成,再被氧化水解成醇;所述硼试剂包括但不限于:硼烷、9-BBN等;所述氧化水解体系包括但不限于:过氧化氢/氢氧化钠、过氧化氢/氢氧化钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钠等。
所述缩合酰化反应在缩合剂存在下进行,所述缩合剂包括但不限于:N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)、1-乙基-3-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺(EDCI)、O-苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸酯(TBTU)等。
所述还原反应在还原剂存在下进行,所述还原剂包括但不限于:氢气、甲酸铵、硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾、二异丁基氢化铝(DIBAL)、硼烷等。
所述酰化反应在酰化试剂存在下进行,所述酰化试剂包括但不限于:乙酰氯、乙酸酐、丙酰氯、丙酸酐、甲磺酰氯等。
所述酯化反应体系包括但不限于:氯化亚砜/甲醇、氯化亚砜/乙醇等。
所述氯代反应在氯代试剂存在下进行,所述氯代试剂包括但不限于:氯化亚砜、五氯化磷和N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(NCS)等。
所述格氏反应在格氏试剂存在下进行,所述格氏试剂包括但不限于:甲基溴化镁、甲基氯化镁、甲基碘化镁等。
所述溴代反应在溴代试剂存在下进行,所述溴代试剂包括但不限于:单质溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)等。
本发明中所述“药学上可接受的无机或有机盐”为通式(I)表示的化合物与如盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸等无机酸形成的盐,与如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、丙二酸、马来酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、富马酸、甲磺酸、柠檬酸等有机酸形成的盐,或者与氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙或氨水等碱形成的钠、钾、钙或氨盐。“药学上可接受的盐”也包括它们的溶剂合物,溶剂合物的例子有,水合物、醇合物等。
本发明还提供根据本发明的通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物在制备预防和/或治疗中枢神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供一种用于治疗和/或预防中枢神经系统疾病的方法,这种方法包括向人或动物施用上述本发明的通式(I)表示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的上述通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种混合物,和任选的可药用载体。所述药物组合物可用于治疗或者预防中枢神经系统疾病。
本发明还提供一种制备所述药物组合物的方法,包括将上述通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种的混合物与可药用载体混合。
在本发明的药物组合物中,根据治疗目的可以选择多种药物制剂形式,一般包括:片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、混悬液、溶液、霜剂、软膏、粉剂、栓剂、气雾剂和注射剂等。
上述中枢神经系统疾病选自:精神分裂症;难控制的、难处理的或慢性精神分裂症;情感紊乱;精神紊乱;情绪紊乱;I型双极情感障碍;II型双极情感障碍;抑郁症;内因性抑郁症;重性抑郁症;难控制的抑郁症;情绪恶劣性障碍;循环情感性障碍;恐慌发作;惊恐性障碍;社交恐惧症;强迫性观念与行为病症;冲动性病症;创伤后精神紧张性障碍;焦虑症;急性应激障碍;癔病;神经性厌食症;适应性障碍;认知障碍;自闭症;神经性头痛;狂躁症;帕金森症;亨廷顿舞蹈症;阿尔茨海默症;各种痴呆症;记忆障碍;多动症;药物成瘾;睡眠障碍;注意力缺乏/亢进类疾病和抽动症等。
在通式(I)中的各基团的定义如下:
术语卤素通常是指氟、氯、溴及碘;优选为氟、氯或溴;更优选为氟或氯;
C1~C6烷基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链的饱和烃基,例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1-乙基丙基、异戊基、新戊基、异己基、3-甲基戊基或正己基等,优选为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基或叔丁基;
卤代C1~C6烷基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链的饱和烃基的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如三氟甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、氯甲基、溴甲基、二氯氟甲基、氯乙基、溴丙基、2-氯丁基或五氟乙基等;
C1~C6烷氧基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基,例如,甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、仲丁氧基、正戊氧基、异戊氧基、新戊氧基、异己氧基、3-甲基戊氧基或正己氧基等,优选为甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基或叔丁氧基;
卤代C1~C6烷氧基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如-OCF3、-OCH2CH2Cl、-OCHBrCH2Cl或-OCF2CF3等;
C1~C6烷硫基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷硫基,例如,甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、叔丁硫基、仲丁硫基、正戊硫基、异戊硫基、新戊硫基或正己硫基等,优选为甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基或叔丁硫基;
C2~C6链烯基指含有1~3个双键和2-6个碳原子的直链或支链的不饱和烃基,既包括顺式构型也包括反式构型,例如,乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1,3-丁二烯基、1,3-戊二烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、3,3-二甲基-1-丙烯基或2-乙基-1-丙烯基等;
C2~C6炔基指含有2-6个碳原子的直链或支链炔基,例如,乙炔基、2-丙炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基-2-丙炔基、2-戊炔基、2-戊炔基或2-己炔基等;
C2~C6链烯氧基是指含有1~3个双键和2-6个碳原子的直链或支链的链烯氧基,如乙烯氧基、1-丙烯氧基、1-甲基-1-丙烯氧基、2-甲基-1-丙烯氧基、1-戊烯氧基、1,3-戊二烯氧基或2-戊烯氧基等;
C2~C6炔氧基指含有2-6个碳原子的直链或支链炔氧基,例如,乙炔氧基、2-丙炔氧基、2-丁炔氧基、3-丁炔氧基、1-甲基-2-丙炔氧基、2-戊炔氧基或2-己炔氧基等;
C1~C6烷酰基指含有1-6个碳原子的直连或支链烷酰基,如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、丁酰基、异丁酰基、戊酰基、叔丁酰基或己酰基等;
卤代C1~C6烷酰基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直连或支链烷酰基中的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如三氟乙酰基等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基是指氨基甲酰基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-CONHMe、-CONHEt、-CON(Me)Et、-CONEt2或-CONMe2等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基是指磺酰氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-SO2NHMe或-SO2NHEt等;
羟基C1~C6烷基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与羟基连接,如-CH2OH、-CH2CH2OH、-CH(OH)CH3、-CH2CH2CH2OH、-CH2CH2CH2CH2OH或-CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH等;
氨基C1-C6烷基指与含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与氨基连接,如-CH2NH2、-CH2CH2NH2、-CH(NH2)CH3、-CH2CH2CH2NH2或-CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-CH2NHMe或-CH2CH2NEt2等;
氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与氨基甲酰基的羰基碳连接,例如-CH2CONH2、-CH2CH2CONH2、-CH(CONH2)CH3或-CH2CH2CH2CONH2等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基是指氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基上的氨基氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-CH2CONHMe、-CH2CH2CONHEt、-CH2CH2CONMe2或-CH2CONEt2等;
氰基C1~C6烷基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与氰基连接,如氰基甲基(-CH2CN)、2-氰基乙基、1-氰基乙基、3-氰基丙基、4-氰基丁基或5-氰基戊基等;
羧基C1~C6烷基指与含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与羧基连接,如羧基甲基(-CH2COOH)、2-羧基乙基、1-羧基乙基、3-羧基丙基、4-羧基丁基或5-羧基戊基等;
C1~C6烷磺酰基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷磺酰基,如甲磺酰基、乙磺酰基或丙磺酰基等;
卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷磺酰基上的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如三氟甲磺酰基等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-NHMe或-NEt2等;
被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷酰基取代,例如-NHCOMe或-NHCOEt等;
被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷磺酰基取代,例如-NHSO2Me或-NHSO2Et等;
C3-C6环烷基是指含有3-6个碳原子的饱和环烃基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等;
C3-C6环烷氧基是指含有3-6个碳原子的饱和环烃基氧基,如环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基等。
本发明化合物具有以下有益效果:
1)本发明化合物对多巴胺D1受体和/或多巴胺D2受体具有良好的活性;部分化合物对多巴胺D1受体或多巴胺D2受体拮抗作用的IC50甚至达到1~10nM水平;本发明化合物对5-HT受体也具有一定的活性。
2)本发明部分化合物具有多巴胺D2受体激动和拮抗双重作用,为D2受体调节剂,可较好地用于治疗与多巴胺D2受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病。
3)本发明化合物不含酚羟基,溶解度好、理化性质好、代谢性质好,口服生物利用度高,药效维持时间长。
4)本发明化合物不仅活性强,而且口服有效,具有药效剂量低、毒副作用小等特点,可用于治疗与多巴胺受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病,如帕金森氏症、精神分裂症、双相情感障碍、抑郁、焦虑、躁狂、多动症、药物成瘾或偏头痛,具有良好的临床应用前景。
附图说明
图1为实施例60单次给药对戊巴比妥钠处理的PCPA大鼠失眠模型睡眠潜伏期的影响的柱状图(*P<0.05vs模型组);
图2为实施例60单次给药对戊巴比妥钠处理的PCPA大鼠失眠模型睡眠时间的影响的柱状图。
具体实施方式
实施例1(S)-2-甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
化合物1-a的制备可参考本申请人专利CN102399166B。
步骤1:
取1-a(300mg,0.72mmol)溶于DMF(4mL)中,加入硫酸二甲酯(0.07mL,0.72mmol),钠氢(69mg,2.88mmol),搅拌反应6h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,硅胶柱层析得1-b(60mg,收率19%)。1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl3)δ2.53-2.79(m,3H),3.03-3.23(m,3H),3.42-3.56(m,2H),3.84(s,6H),3.87(s,3H),4.22(d,1H),5.14(s,2H),6.64(s,1H),6.74(s,1H),6.81(m,2H),7.29-7.49(m,5H).ESI-MS m/z 432.3(M+H)+.
步骤2:
取1-b(60mg,0.14mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯(2mL)中,加入钯碳(10mg),加氢反应10h。过滤,母液浓缩,石油醚打浆得1-c(12mg,收率25%)。1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl3)δ2.57-2.71(m,2H),2.80(dd,1H),3.07-3.29(m,3H),3.47-3.57(d,2H),3.84(s,6H),3.87(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),6.59(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.81(s,1H),6.87(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 342.33(M+H)+.
步骤3:
取1-c(1g,2.9mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml)和三乙胺(0.82ml,5.8mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf2O(0.58ml,3.48mmol),滴完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到1-d(0.8g,收率57%)。
步骤4:
取1-d(150mg,0.317mmol)置于三口瓶中,加入甲基硼酸(76mg,1.27mmol),碳酸钾(175mg,1.27mmol),四(三苯基磷)钯(79mg,0.063mmol),1,4-二氧六环(3mL),氮气置换后100℃回流过夜。反应液过滤,浓缩滤液,柱层析得到标题化合物(10mg,收率9%)。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.20(s,3H),2.57-2.86(m,3H),3.11-3.34(m,3H),3.48-3.58(m,2H),3.81(s,3H),3.84(s,6H),4.24(d,1H),6.56(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.01(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 340.1(M+H)+.
实施例2(S)-2-正丙基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
参照实施例1的产物的合成方法,由1-d和丙基硼酸制备得到标题化合物,即将甲基硼酸(76mg,1.27mmol)替换为丙基硼酸(111.6mg,1.27mmol),收率:25%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ0.96(t,3H),1.54-1.65(m,2H),2.52-2.90(m,5H),3.11-3.35(m,3H),3.49-3.63(m,2H),3.80(s,3H),3.85(s,6H),4.27(d,1H),6.58(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.00(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 368.2(M+H)+.
实施例3(S)-2-异丁基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
参照实施例1的产物的合成方法,由1-d和异丁基硼酸制备得到标题化合物,即将甲基硼酸(76mg,1.27mmol)替换为异丁基硼酸(129.5mg,1.27mmol),收率:28%。ESI-MS m/z 382.29(M+H)+.
实施例4(S)-2-氰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取1-d(660mg,1.39mmol),加入DMAc(15ml),氰化锌(328mg,2.78mmol),锌粉(28mg,0.41mmol),DPPF(155mg,0.27mmol),Pd2(dba)3(80mg,0.13mmol),160℃加热过夜。浓缩DMAc,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(450mg,收率92%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.42-2.62(m,2H),2.81(d,1H),2.97-3.20(m,2H),3.35-3.50(m,3H),3.72(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.07(d,1H),6.87(两个d峰),7.01(s,1H),7.74(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 350.7(M+H)+.
实施例5(S)-2-氨甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例4的产物(320mg,0.91mmol),加入DMSO(3ml)、双氧水(3ml),氢氧化钠(75mg,1.82mmol),70℃加热2h。用饱和氯化铵溶液调节pH弱碱性,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(130mg,收率38%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ2.59-2.95(m,3H),3.11-3.29(m,2H),3.40-3.61(m,3H),3.81(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),3.95(s,3H),4.21(d,1H),6.91(m,3H),7.97(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 369.1(M+H)+.
实施例6(S)-2-甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例4的产物(500mg,1.42mmol),加入二氯甲烷(2ml),冰浴下加入DIBAL(2.8ml),保持冰浴反应3h。用1M的盐酸调节pH=5左右,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(390mg,收率77%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.59-2.87(m,3H),3.17-3.28(m,2H),3.39(dd,1H),3.48-3.61(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.92(s,3H),6.73(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.75(s,1H),10.42(s,1H).
实施例7(S)-2-羟甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例6的产物(390mg,1.10mmol),加入甲醇(3ml)和硼氢化钠(84mg),室温下搅拌30min。浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(210mg,收率53%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.41-2.75(m,3H),2.91-3.17(m,2H),3.24-3.47(m,3H),3.72(s,3H),3.74(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),4.07(d,1H),4.45(d,1H),4.94(t,1H),6.67(s,1H),6.88(s,2H),7.28(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 355.6(M+H)+.
实施例8(S)-2-羧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例4的产物(400mg,1.14mmol),加入30%的过氧化氢溶液(10ml),10M的氢氧化钠溶液(5ml),乙醇(5ml),加热回流72h。浓缩大部分溶剂,用浓盐酸调pH弱酸性,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(150mg,收率35%)。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.59-2.89(m,3H),3.17-3.32(m,2H),3.42(dd,1H),3.50-3.63(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),4.07(s,3H),4.26(d,1H),6.77-6.83(m,2H),6.88(d,1H),8.10(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 369.5(M+H)+,367.8(M-H)-.
实施例9(S)-2-乙氧羰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例8的产物(137mg,0.37mmol),加入乙醇(3ml),室温下加入氯化亚砜(0.08ml,1.11mmol),加热回流2h,浓缩溶剂,加入二氯甲烷-饱和碳酸氢钠溶液萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(50mg,收率34%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ1.39(t,3H),2.57-2.87(m,3H),3.14-3.27(m,2H),3.33(dd,1H),3.48-3.60(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.88(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),4.36(q,2H),6.71(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.71(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 398.1(M+H)+.
实施例10(S)-2-氨甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例4的产物(150mg,0.42mmol),加入THF(2ml)和硼烷-四氢呋喃溶液(1.2ml),加热回流过夜。加入1M盐酸调PH=2左右,100℃加热1h。用碳酸氢钠溶液调PH弱碱性,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(50mg,收率33%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.98(d,1H),3.26(t,1H),3.69-4.04(m,13H),4.24-4.79(m,3H),6.96(s,1H),6.97(d,1H),7.08(d,1H),7.63(s,1H),8.42(brs,2H),12.08(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z355.0(M+H)+.
实施例11(S)-2-乙酰氨基甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol),加入二氯甲烷(1.5ml),三乙胺(0.09ml,0.63mmol),醋酐(0.04ml,0.42mmol),室温下搅拌1h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(20mg,收率24%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ1.97(s,3H),2.56-2.85(m,3H),3.12-3.37(m,3H),3.47-3.59(m,2H),3.85(s,9H),4.24(d,1H),4.41(d,2H),6.01(brs,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.17(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 397.0(M+H)+.
实施例12(S)-2-乙酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例4的产物(250mg,0.71mmol),加入1M甲基溴化镁(5ml),加热回流过夜。加入1M盐酸调pH=2,室温下搅拌2h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(20mg,收率7%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.57-2.86(m,3H),2.62(s,3H),3.15-3.31(m,3H),3.39(dd,1H),3.48-3.62(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.90(s,3H),4.26(d,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.70(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 368.2(M+H)+.
实施例13(S)-2-氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
步骤1:
取1-d(2g,4.22mmol)置于双颈瓶中,加入碳酸铯(3.4g,10.5mmol),醋酸钯(189mg,0.84mmol),BINAP(789mg,1.26mmol)和甲苯(15ml),氮气置换15min,注入卞胺(0.92ml,8.44mmol),110℃过夜反应。浓缩甲苯,加入二氯甲烷溶解产物,过滤除去不溶物,滤液加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到13-a(400mg,收率22%)。ESI-MS m/z 430.8(M+H)+.
步骤2:
取13-a(400mg,0.93mmol),加入甲醇(5ml)、钯碳(40mg)和甲酸铵(293mg,4.65mmol),加热回流2h。过滤掉钯碳,浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到油状物,加入HCl-EtOH成盐,得到标题化合物,黄色固体(225mg,收率64%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.98(d,1H),3.17(t,1H),3.48(m,2H),3.69-3.96(m,11H),4.38(d,1H),4.62(d,1H),4.75(d,1H),6.94-7.15(m,3H),7.45(s,1H),9.75(brs,2H),11.99(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 341.3(M+H)+.
实施例14(S)-2-乙酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例13的产物和醋酐制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例13的产物(72mg,0.21mmol),收率:38%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.19(s,3H),2.61-2.93(m,3H),3.15-3.31(m,2H),3.39(dd,1H),3.51-3.69(m,2H),3.83(s,6H),3.86(s,3H),6.60(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.72(brs,1H),8.32(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 383.1(M+H)+.
实施例15(S)-2-溴-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
步骤1:
取1-d(300mg,0.63mmol),加入氯化锂(135mg,3.15mmol),四(三苯基磷)钯(80mg,0.063mmol),六丁基二锡(0.65ml,1.26mmol)和1,4-二氧六环(2ml),氮气置换,加热回流过夜。浓缩溶剂,加入二氯甲烷、水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到15-a(132mg,收率33%)。ESI-MS m/z 615.4(M+H)+.
步骤2:
取15-a(110mg,0.17mmol),加入二氯甲烷(3ml),冰浴条件下加入NBS(40mg,0.22mmol),搅拌5min。加入二氯甲烷、水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(56mg,收率77%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.56-2.87(m,3H),3.09-3.31(m,3H),3.48-3.58(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.88(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),6.65(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.42(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 403.6(M+H)+.
实施例16(S)-2-氯-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
参照实施例15的产物的合成方法,由15-a和NCS反应制备得到标题化合物,即将NBS(40mg,0.22mmol)替换为NCS(29mg,0.22mmol),收率:35%。ESI-MS m/z 360.7(M+H)+.
实施例17(S)-2-乙烯基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取1-d(800mg,1.69mmol),加入干燥的DMF(15ml),氯化锂(270mg,5.07mmol),双(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(25mg,0.03mmol),三丁基乙烯基锡(0.6ml,2.02mmol),氮气置换,加热回流过夜。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(275mg,收率46%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.62-2.92(m,3H),3.15-3.29(m,2H),3.35(dd,1H),3.51-3.65(m,2H),3.84(s,3H),3.86(s,6H),4.27(d,1H),5.25(d,1H),5.73(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),6.90(d,1H),7.02(dd,1H),7.34(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 352.0(M+H)+.
实施例18(S)-2-羟乙基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取实施例17的产物(200mg,0.56mmol),加入THF(1ml)和1M硼烷-四氢呋喃溶液(1.7ml,1.68mmol),室温下搅拌过夜。加入水(2ml),1M氢氧化钠溶液(6ml),30%的双氧水(1.2ml),65℃加热2h。用饱和氯化铵溶液调pH弱碱性,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(60mg,收率28%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.58-2.93(m,5H),3.12-3.36(m,3H),3.49-3.60(m,2H),3.83(s,3H),3.86(s,6H),3.80-3.88(m,2H),4.25(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.05(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 370.1(M+H)+.
实施例19(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
步骤1:
取左旋延胡索乙素19-a(10g,28.1mmol),溶解于甲磺酸(12mL)中,加蛋氨酸(5g,30.9mmol),30℃下反应3h。冰浴下将反应液缓慢加入NaOH溶液中,调节PH=13,抽滤滤除原料,滤液使用二氯甲烷萃取多次,合并有机相水洗,食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经甲醇重结晶得到19-b,白色固体(1.59g,收率16%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.58-2.72(m,2H),2.83(dd,1H),3.07-3.30(m,3H),3.47-3.62(m,2H),3.87(s,6H),3.89(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),5.68(s,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.68(d,1H),6.74(m,2H).ESI-MS m/z 342.3(M+H)+.
步骤2:
取19-b(1g,2.9mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml)和三乙胺(0.82ml,5.8mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf2O(0.58ml,3.48mmol),滴完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到19-c(0.8g,收率57%)。
步骤3:
参照实施例4的合成方法,由19-c经氰基化反应制备得到标题化合物,即将1-d(660mg,1.39mmol)替换为19-c(660mg,1.39mmol),收率:50%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.60-2.73(m,2H),2.82(dd,1H),3.05-3.32(m,3H),3.60(dd,1H),3.73(d,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),3.92(s,3H),6.63(s,1H),6.70(s,1H),6.81(d,1H),7.33(d,1H).ESI-MSm/z 351.0(M+H)+.
实施例20(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(320mg,0.91mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(320mg,0.91mmol),收率:40%。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.63(m,2H),2.83(dd,1H),3.10(m,2H),3.30(dd,1H),3.58(dd,1H),3.85(m,10H),4.13(d,1H),5.86(s,1H),6.08(s,1H),6.60(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),7.17(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 369.2(M+H)+.
实施例21(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例12的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(250mg,0.71mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(250mg,0.71mmol),收率:33%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.51(s,3H),2.63(m,2H),2.84(dd,1H),3.11(m,2H),3.30(dd,1H),3.57(dd,1H),3.68(d,1H),3.85(m,10H),6.60(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),7.16(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 368.1(M+H)+.
实施例22(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例10的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物经氰基还原制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(150mg,0.42mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(150mg,0.42mmol),收率:50%。
实施例23(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例22的产物经乙酰化反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例22的产物(75mg,0.21mmol),收率:80%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ1.93(s,3H),2.64(m,2H),2.84(dd,1H),3.04-3.32(m,3H),3.54(d,1H),3.66(d,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.86(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.32(d,1H),4.44(m,2H),5.77(t,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),7.10(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 397.1(M+H)+.
实施例24(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例6的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(500mg,1.42mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(500mg,1.42mmol),收率:49%。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.58-2.75(m,2H),2.87(t,1H),3.02-3.33(m,4H),3.57(d,1H),3.86(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.90(s,3H),4.61(d,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.35(d,1H),10.63(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z354.3(M+H)+.
实施例25(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例7的产物的合成方法,由实施例24的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例6的产物(390mg,1.10mmol)替换为实施例24的产物(390mg,1.10mmol),收率:69%。1HNMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ3.10(t,2H),3.27(m,2H),3.58(td,1H),3.78-3.97(m,11H),4.67(m,2H),4.74-4.84(m,2H),6.84(s,1H),6.98(s,1H),7.06(d,1H),7.30(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z356.1(M+H)+.
实施例26(S)-2,3,9-二甲氧基-10-甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
步骤1:
取1-a(1g,2.4mmol)加入二氯甲烷(5ml)和三乙胺(0.67ml,4.8mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf2O(0.48ml,2.88mmol),滴完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到26-a(0.74g,收率56%)。
步骤2:
取26-a(500mg,0.91mmol)置于三口瓶中,加入甲基硼酸(218mg,3.64mmol),碳酸钾(502mg,3.64mmol),四(三苯基磷)钯(210mg,0.182mmol),1,4-二氧六环(5mL),氮气置换后100℃回流过夜。反应液过滤,浓缩滤液,柱层析得到26-b(75mg,收率20%)。
步骤3:
取26-b(75mg,0.180mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯(2mL)中,加入钯碳(10mg),加氢反应10h。过滤,母液浓缩得26-c(53mg,收率90%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.27(s,3H),2.59-2.71(m,2H),2.85(dd,1H),3.08-3.23(m,2H),3.27(dd,1H),3.55(d,2H),3.75(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.23(d,1H),6.60(s,1H),6.82(s,1H),6.84(d,1H),7.00(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 326.2(M+H)+.
步骤4:
参照化合物1-b的合成方法,由26-c和硫酸二甲酯经甲基化反应制备得到标题化合物,即将1-a替换为26-c,收率:40%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.27(s,3H),2.61-2.72(m,2H),2.87(dd,1H),3.11-3.25(m,2H),3.29(dd,1H),3.58(d,2H),3.76(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.74(s,1H),6.86(d,1H),7.01(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z340.3(M+H)+.
实施例27(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
步骤1:
取26-a(500mg,0.91mmol),加入DMAc(15ml),氰化锌(214mg,1.82mmol),锌粉(18mg,0.27mmol),DPPF(101mg,0.18mmol),Pd2(dba)3(83mg,0.09mmol),160℃加热过夜。浓缩DMAc,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到27-a(348mg,收率92%)。
步骤2:
取27-a(300mg,0.70mmol)溶于乙醇(4mL)中,加入浓盐酸2ml,100℃下反应1h。直接蒸去溶剂得到化合物27-b(236mg,收率90%)。
步骤3:
取27-b(250mg,0.67mmol)溶于丙酮(4mL)中,加入硫酸二甲酯(0.095mL,1.01mmol),氢氧化钠(107mg,2.68mmol),室温下搅拌反应6h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,硅胶柱层析得标题化合物(200mg,收率85%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.60-2.73(m,2H),2.91(dd,1H),3.05-3.24(m,2H),3.34(dd,1H),3.49(d,1H),3.59(dd,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.08(s,3H),4.19(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.69(s,1H),6.96(d,1H),7.38(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 351.0(M+H)+.
实施例28(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例27的产物经氧化水解反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(320mg,0.91mmol)替换为实施例27的产物(320mg,0.91mmol),收率:54%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.69(m,2H),2.94(m,1H),3.06-3.28(m,2H),3.38(dd,1H),3.60(m,2H),3.84(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.26(d,1H),5.87(s,1H),6.63(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),7.08(d,1H),7.57(s,1H),7.90(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z369.0(M+H)+.
实施例29(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
参照实施例6的产物的合成方法,由实施例27的产物经还原反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(500mg,1.42mmol)替换为实施例27的产物(500mg,1.42mmol),收率:64%。1H NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ2.62-2.78(m,2H),2.85(dd,1H),3.02-3.27(m,2H),3.54-3.72(m,3H),3.80(s,3H),3.83(s,3H),3.93(s,3H),4.27(d,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.89(s,1H),7.16(d,1H),7.67(d,1H),10.27(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 354.0(M+H)+.
实施例30(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
参照实施例7的产物的合成方法,由实施例29的产物经还原反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例6的产物(390mg,1.10mmol)替换为实施例29的产物(390mg,1.10mmol),收率:80%。1H NMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ2.60-2.87(m,3H),3.02-3.28(m,2H),3.46-3.66(m,3H),3.78(s,3H),3.80(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),4.22(d,1H),4.64(s,2H),6.71(s,1H),6.88(s,1H),7.01(d,1H),7.28(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 356.0(M+H)+.
实施例31(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
参照实施例10的产物的合成方法,由实施例27的产物经还原反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(150mg,0.42mmol)替换为实施例27的产物(150mg,0.42mmol),收率:60%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.64~2.88(m,3H),3.10~3.30(m,3H),3.60(d,2H),3.74(d,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.86(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.31-4.51(m,3H),6.61(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),7.11(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 355.0(M+H)+.
实施例32(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例31的产物和醋酐反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例31的产物(75mg,0.21mmol),收率:67%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ1.99(s,3H),2.68(m,2H),2.88(dd,1H),3.14-3.37(m,3H),3.59(m,2H),3.79(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.23(d,1H),4.45(m,2H),5.86(t,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.93(d,1H),7.12(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 397.0(M+H)+.
实施例33(S)-2,10-二氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
步骤1:
取l-SPD(1g,3.0mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),吡啶(1.25ml,15mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf2O(1.5ml,9.0mmol),滴完室温搅拌1h。用1M盐酸洗去吡啶,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得33-a(1g,收率60%)。1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl3)δ2.59-2.94(m,3H),3.10-3.31(m,3H),3.58(m,2H),3.90(s,6H),4.23(d,1H),6.78(s,1H),6.98(d,1H),7.06(s,1H),7.09(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 592.0(M+H)+.
步骤2:
取33-a(800mg,1.35mmol),加入DMF(10ml),碳酸铯(1.32g),醋酸钯(184mg),X-phos(132mg),氮气置换15min,注入卞胺(0.372ml),150℃加热反应3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得33-b(180mg,收率26%)。ESI-MS m/z506.4(M+H)+.
步骤3:
取33-b(175mg,0.34mmol),加入钯碳(40mg),甲醇(3ml),甲酸铵(436mg,6.8mmol),加热回流过夜。过滤钯碳,浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(53mg,收率47%)。1H-NMR(300Hz,CD3OD)δ2.72-2.95(m,3H),3.06-3.28(m,3H),3.42(m,2H),3.77(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),4.35(d,1H),6.64(s,1H),6.75(m,2H),6.81(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 326.2(M+H)+.
实施例34(S)-2,10-二乙酰氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例33的产物和醋酐制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例33的产物(69mg,0.21mmol),收率:34%。1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl3)δ2.20(s,6H),2.57-2.89(m,3H),3.09-3.26(m,2H),3.41(d,1H),3.51-3.65(m,2H),3.78(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),4.20(d,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.94(d,1H),7.58(s,1H),7.73(s,1H),8.09(d,1H),8.32(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 409.9(M+H)+.
实施例35 2,3-二氰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-F类)
步骤1:
取35-a(10g,29.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(300ml),冰浴下滴加BCl3的二氯甲烷溶液(59ml,58.8mmol),室温过夜,次日滴加甲醇(100ml)淬灭过量BCl3,蒸干溶剂,直接投下步反应。
步骤2:
取35-b(9g,27.5mmol)悬浮于二氯甲烷(100ml),加入吡啶(20ml),冰浴下滴加三氟甲磺酸酐(10ml),室温搅拌5h。加入二氯甲烷稀释,1M HCl溶液洗涤,饱和食盐水洗涤,有机层干燥浓缩,柱层析得35-c(3g,两步收率17%)。
步骤3:
取35-c(2.7g,4.5mmol),加入氰化锌(1.6g,13.6mmol),1,1-双二苯基膦二茂铁(383mg,0.69mmol),锌粉(110mg,1.69mmol),Pd2(dba)3(273mg,0.47mmol)和DMAc(10ml),氮气置换,160℃下回流2h。冷至室温,加水,乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层,饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥,浓缩柱层析得标题化合物(1g,收率63%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.59-2.71(m,1H),2.77-2.94(m,2H),3.17-3.33(m,3H),3.58(d,1H),3.67(dd,1H),3.85(s,6H),4.26(d,1H),6.81(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.59(s,1H),7.71(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 346.3(M+H)+.
实施例36 2,3-氨二甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-F类)
取金属钠(170mg,7.3mmol)加至无水乙醇(10ml)中,待溶解完全后,加入实施例35的产物(200mg,0.57mmol),50℃加热2h。反应液倒入10%HNO3溶液(10ml)中,搅拌30min,逐渐由固体析出,过滤得产物;母液浓缩干,乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和食盐水洗涤,有机层干燥,浓缩,柱层析,合并得标题化合物(110mg,收率52%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.16-2.39(m,2H),2.65(t,1H),2.75-2.95(m,2H),3.17(t,2H),3.35(d,1H),3.44(s,3H),3.49(s,3H),3.82(d,1H),6.60(s,2H),7.30(s,1H),7.51(s,1H),10.93(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 365.2(M+H)+.
实施例37(S)-2,10-二氰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
参照实施例35的产物的合成方法,由33-a制备得到标题化合物,即将35-c替换为33-a,收率:74%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.58-2.94(m,3H),3.13-3.38(m,3H),3.48(d,1H),3.58(d,1H),3.91(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.19(d,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.96(d,1H),7.41(m,2H).ESI-MS m/z 346.5(M+H)+.
实施例38(S)-2,10-二氨甲酰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例37的产物经氧化水解反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(0.91mmol)替换为实施例37的产物(0.91mmol),收率:40%。1HNMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ2.64-2.97(m,3H),3.12-3.38(m,2H),3.50-3.74(m,3H),3.84(s,3H),3.97(s,3H),4.28(d,1H),6.95(s,1H),7.11(d,1H),7.65(d,1H),7.99(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z382.1(M+H)+.
实施例39 2,3-二氨甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-F类)
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例35的产物经氧化水解反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(0.91mmol)替换为实施例35的产物(0.91mmol),收率:42%。1HNMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δ2.61-2.92(m,3H),3.18(m,2H),3.47(dd,1H),3.55(d,1H),3.68(dd,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.83(s,3H),4.23(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),6.93(d,1H),7.39(s,1H),7.58(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.1(M+H)+.
实施例40(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮(I-A类)
步骤1:
取1-c(4g,11.7mmol),加入二氯甲烷(20ml),醋酸(10ml),冰浴下滴加30%的硝酸(4.6ml),加完室温下搅拌5h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,合并有机相,用饱和食盐水洗3次,干燥,浓缩得到40-a粗品(5g),直接投下一步。
步骤2:
取40-a(4g,10.3mmol),加入二氯甲烷(40ml)和三乙胺(2.86ml,20.6mmol),冰浴下滴加Tf2O(1.7ml,10.3mmol),加完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到40-b(2.4g,两步收率49%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.69-2.83(m,3H),2.91-3.20(m,3H),3.84(d,6H),3.91(d,1H),3.97(s,3H),4.10(t,1H),4.20(d,1H),6.77(s,2H),6.97(s,1H).
步骤3:
取40-b(2.4g,4.6mmol),加入干燥的甲苯(20ml),碳酸铯(2.26g,6.9mmol),醋酸钯(104mg,0.46mmol),BINAP(289mg,0.46mmol),氮气置换,注入卞胺(1ml,9.2mmol),加热回流3h。浓缩甲苯,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到40-c(1.4g,收率63%)。
步骤4:
取40-c(1.4g,2.9mmol),加入甲醇(15ml),钯碳(140mg),甲酸铵(1.85g,29mmol),加热回流2h。过滤钯碳,浓缩甲醇,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,HCl-MeOH成盐,得到40-d,淡黄色固体(1g,收率87%)。
步骤5:
取40-d(164mg,0.42mmol),加入二氯甲烷(2.5ml),三乙胺(0.3ml,2.1mmol),另取三光气(50mg,0.16mmol),溶于甲苯(2.5ml)中,用恒压滴液漏斗缓慢加入上述反应液中,室温下搅拌反应2h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液适量,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(75mg,收率46%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.31-2.74(m,3H),2.90-3.12(m,2H),3.28-3.42(m,1H),3.63(t,2H),3.73(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),3.79(s,3H),4.05(d,1H),6.43(s,1H),6.84(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),10.51(s,1H),10.63(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.2(M+H)+,380.2(M-H)-.
实施例41(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-硫酮(I-A类)
取40-d(150mg,0.42mmol),加入水(2ml),氢氧化钠(51mg,1.26mmol),二硫化碳(0.051ml,0.84mmol),80℃加热1h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(100mg,收率59%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.61-2.85(m,3H),3.10-3.30(m,3H),3.76(m,2H),3.84(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.20(d,1H),6.46(s,1H),6.77(m,2H).ESI-MS m/z 398.3(M+H)+.
实施例42(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉(I-A类)
取40-d(200mg,0.56mmol),加入甲酸(3ml)加热回流1h。浓缩溶剂,加入饱和碳酸氢钠调至弱碱性,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(90mg,收率43%)。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.68-2.88(m,3H),3.19-3.39(m,2H),3.72(d,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),3.95(s,3H),4.07(d,2H),4.29(d,1H),6.49(s,1H),6.76(d,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.93(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 366.1(M+H)+.
实施例43(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉(I-A类)
取40-d(200mg,0.56mmol),加入水(2ml),醋酸(0.42ml,7.28mmol),冰浴冷至0℃,滴加亚硝酸钠水溶液(含50mg亚硝酸钠),冰浴下反应1h后加热至85℃反应1h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠调至弱碱性,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(80mg,收率38%)。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.70-2.87(m,3H),3.22-3.39(m,2H),3.69(d,1H),3.85(d,6H),3.99(s,3H),4.05(d,1H),4.14(d,1H),4.30(d,1H),6.53(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),6.88(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 367.2(M+H)+.
实施例44 9,10-二甲氧基-1,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉(I-F类)
原料44-h可参考专利文献CN102399166B或者J.Org.Chem,2009,74,9225-8228;Bioorg.Med.Chem.2013,21,856-868.等非专利文献,由对羟基苯乙腈经多步反应制备得到,化合物44-h经方法五(反应式11)制备得到标题化合物。具体操作如下:
步骤1:
取对羟基苯乙腈44-a(3g,22mmol),加入丙酮(30ml)、碳酸钾(6.2g,45mmol)和卞溴(3.2ml),加热回流2h。浓缩丙酮,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,甲醇打浆得到44-b,白色固体(3.8g,收率76%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ3.68(s,2H),5.07(s,2H),6.97(d,2H),7.23(d,2H),7.29-7.47(m,5H).
步骤2:
取硼氢化钠(1.3g),悬浮于THF(5ml)。另取2.66ml三氟醋酸(5ml THF稀释),冰浴下缓慢滴加到硼氢化钠中,滴完移至室温。取44-b(2g),溶于THF(5ml),缓慢注入反应体系。室温反应4h。反应液缓慢滴入冰水中搅拌,用二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,加入HCl-MeOH成盐,浓缩,加入丙酮打浆得到44-c,白色固体(1g,收率42%)。
步骤3:
取44-c(1.15g,4.4mmol)和44-d(0.92g),加入乙醇(20ml),三乙胺(2.4ml),加热回流12h。浓缩乙醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,石油醚/乙酸乙酯打浆得到44-e(1.3g,收率68%)。ESI-MS m/z 436.3(M+H)+.
步骤4:
取44-e(10g,23.0mmol),加入甲苯(30ml),三氯氧磷(26ml),加热回流4h。浓缩三氯氧磷和甲苯,倒入冰水中,加入碳酸钠溶液调节pH=7,加入乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥,浓缩,加入甲醇,冰浴条件下加入硼氢化钠(3g),加完室温下搅拌过夜。浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得44-g(0.7g,两步收率7%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.56-2.93(m,3H),3.05-3.32(m,3H),3.56(m,2H),3.86(s,6H),4.26(d,1H),5.06(s,2H),6.74-6.92(m,4H),7.06(d,1H),7.29-7.50(m,5H).ESI-MS m/z 402.7(M+H)+.
步骤5:
取44-g(1.4g),加入乙醇(5ml)和钯碳(70mg),室温加氢反应12h。过滤,浓缩滤液至干,得到44-h(1.2g,收率100%)。
步骤6:
取44-h(0.9g,2.8mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),冰浴下加入65%的浓硝酸(0.33ml),加完室温搅拌2h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH>7,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到44-i(0.3g)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.56-2.95(m,3H),3.06-3.33(m,3H),3.50-3.66(m,2H),3.86(s,6H),4.26(d,1H),6.81(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.06(s,1H),7.90(s,1H),10.38(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 357.3(M+H)+.
步骤7:
取44-i(300mg,0.84mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),吡啶(0.34ml,4.2mmol),三氟甲烷磺酸酐(0.28ml,1.68mmol),室温下过夜搅拌。加入1M的盐酸(4ml),饱和食盐水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得44-j(330mg,收率80%)。ESI-MS m/z 489.1(M+H)+.
步骤8:
取44-j(330mg,0.67mmol),加入甲苯(3ml),醋酸钯(15mg,0.067mmol),BINAP(42mg,0.067mmol),碳酸铯(330mg,1.00mmol),卞胺(0.15ml,1.34mmol),加热回流2h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到44-k(250mg,收率83%)。ESI-MS m/z 446.3(M+H)+.
步骤9:
取44-k(250mg,0.56mmol),加入甲醇(5ml),氢氧化钯(25mg),甲酸铵(360mg),加热回流2h。浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,加入乙醇,滴加HCl-MeOH成盐,得到44-l,浅黄色固体(180mg,收率88%)。
步骤10:
取44-l(108mg,0.30mmol),加入甲酸(2.5ml)加热回流1h。浓缩甲酸,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(50mg,收率50%)。1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.64-2.78(m,1H),2.86-2.98(m,2H),3.21-3.46(m,3H),3.59(d,1H),3.79(d,1H),3.85(s,6H),4.28(d,1H),5.34(brs,1H),6.80(d,1H),6.90(d,1H),7.38(s,1H),7.59(s,1H),7.99(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 336.2(M+H)+.
实施例45 9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉(I-F类)
步骤1:
取44-i(520mg,1.46mmol),加入甲醇(20ml),钯碳(40mg),室温加氢3h。过滤,滤液加入HCl-MeOH成盐,析出浅黄色固体,过滤,烘干得45-a(480mg,收率91%)。
步骤2:
取45-a(85mg,0.23mmol),加入原甲酸三甲酯(1.5ml),加热回流2h。浓缩原甲酸三甲酯,硅胶柱层析得到标题化合物(60mg,收率76%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.63-2.74(m,1H),2.86-2.99(m,2H),3.21-3.41(m,3H),3.58(d,1H),3.76(dd,1H),3.86(d,6H),6.80(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.49(s,1H),7.54(s,1H),8.04(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 337.2(M+H)+.
实施例46 9,10-二甲氧基-3,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢-2H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉-2-酮(I-F类)
取45-a(90mg,0.27mmol),加入四氢呋喃(2ml),CDI(90mg,0.54mmol),室温反应5h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物,白色固体(62mg,收率63%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.41-2.64(m,2H),2.73(d,1H),2.92-3.17(m,2H),3.26-3.44(m,2H),3.49(d,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),4.07(d,1H),6.82(s,1H),6.87(dd,1H),7.29(s,1H),11.50(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 353.3(M+H)+.
实施例47 10,11-二甲氧基-4,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[3,2-g]异喹啉-3(2H)-酮(I-F类)
步骤1:
取45-a(150mg,0.46mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml)、三乙胺(0.18ml)和氯乙酰氯(0.038ml),室温搅拌过夜。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析,得到47-a(100mg,收率54%)。ESI-MS m/z 403.2(M+H)+.步骤2:
取47-a(100mg,0.24mmol),加入丙酮(3ml)和碳酸钾(53mg),加热回流5h。浓缩丙酮,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物,纯白色固体(60mg,收率66%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.37-2.68(m,3H),2.89(t,1H),3.09(d,1H),3.24-3.45(m,3H),3.71(s,3H),3.76(s,3H),4.05(d,1H),4.52(s,2H),6.61(s,1H),6.80-6.98(m,3H),10.66(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 367.2(M+H)+,365.2(M-H)-.
实施例48 10,11-二甲氧基-7,9,14,14a-四氢-6H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉(I-E类)
步骤1:
取44-h(0.9g,2.8mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),冰浴下加入65%的浓硝酸(0.33ml),加完室温搅拌2h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH>7,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到48-a(0.5g)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.66-2.94(m,4H),2.98-3.18(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.93(d,1H),4.22(d,1H),4.63(dd,1H),6.76(d,2H),7.01(d,1H),7.29(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 357.3(M+H)+.
步骤2:
取48-a(400mg,1.12mmol),加入甲醇(20ml),钯碳(40mg),室温加氢3h。过滤,滤液加入HCl-MeOH成盐,析出浅黄色固体,过滤,烘干得48-b(410mg,收率100%)。
步骤3:
取48-b(85mg,0.23mmol),加入原甲酸三甲酯(1.5ml),加热回流2h。浓缩原甲酸三甲酯,硅胶柱层析得到标题化合物(42mg,收率53%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.66-3.00(m,3H),3.17(t,1H),3.42(d,1H),3.75(s,3H),3.78(s,3H),3.88(dd,1H),4.16(d,1H),4.34(d,2H),6.93(m,2H),7.26(d,1H),7.64(d,1H),8.75(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 337.2(M+H)+.
实施例49 10,11-二甲氧基-6,7,14,14a-四氢-1H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉-2(9H)-酮(I-E类)
参照实施例46的产物的合成方法,由48-b制备得到标题化合物,即将45-a替换为48-b,收率:75%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.60-2.87(m,3H),3.09-3.25(m,3H),3.68(t,2H),3.85(s,6H),4.17(d,1H),6.73-6.81(dd,2H),6.90(d,1H),7.03(d,1H),9.41(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 353.2(M+H)+.
实施例50 11,12-二甲氧基-3,7,8,10,15,15a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[2,3-h]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮(I-E类)
参照实施例47的产物的合成方法,由48-b制备得到标题化合物,即将45-a替换为48-b,收率:59%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.61-2.90(m,3H),2.93-3.19(m,3H),3.84(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),3.91(m,2H),4.20(d,1H),4.31(d,1H),4.48(d,1H),6.69-6.89(m,4H),8.14(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 367.2(M+H)+,365.2(M-H)-.
实施例51(S)-2-(二氟甲氧基)-3,9,10-三甲氧基-9-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取1-c(200mg,0.58mmol)溶于DMF(5ml)中,加入碳酸铯(378mg,1.16mmol),升温至100℃,向体系中通入一氯二氟甲烷,持续5~6h至TLC显示原料反应完全。停止反应,浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(69mg,收率30%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.58-2.88(m,3H),3.12-3.29(m,3H),3.54(d,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.86(s,3H),4.25(d,1H),6.54(t,1H),6.70(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.05(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 392.3(M+H)+.
实施例52(S)-2-烯丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
取1-c(200mg,0.58mmol)溶于DMF(5ml)中,加入碳酸铯(378mg,1.16mmol)和3-溴丙烯(0.073ml,0.87mmol),室温下搅拌3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(112mg,收率50%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ2.96(m,2H),3.38(m,2H),3.77(s,3H),3.79(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),3.84(m,2H),4.33-4.72(m,5H),5.27(dd,1H),5.42(dd,1H),6.05(m,1H),6.84(s,1H),7.03(d,1H),7.05(s,1H),7.09(d,1H),11.06(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.2(M+H)+.
实施例53(S)-2-环丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
取1-c(200mg,0.58mmol)溶于DMF(5ml)中,加入碳酸铯(378mg,1.16mmol)和溴代环丙烷(0.070ml,0.87mmol),150℃下搅拌3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(141mg,收率63%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ0.56-0.87(m,4H),2.89(d,1H),3.06(t,1H),3.37(m,2H),3.74(s,3H),3.80(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),3.84(m,3H),4.39(dd,1H),4.66(m,2H),6.83(s,H),7.04(d,1H),7.09(d,1H),7.26(s,1H),11.27(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.2(M+H)+.
实施例54(S)-2-环戊氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
参照实施例52的产物的合成方法,由1-c和溴代环戊烷制备得到标题化合物,即将3-溴丙烯替换为溴代环戊烷收率:42%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ1.89(m,8H),2.56-2.72(m,2H),2.82(dd,1H),3.05-3.28(m,3H),3.54(d,2H),3.83(s,3H),3.85(s,6H),4.24(d,1H),4.76(m,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.74(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H).
实施例55(S)-2,10-二羟乙氧基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
取l-SPD(300mg,0.91mmol),加入DMF(3ml),碳酸钾(1.26g,9.1mmol),溴乙醇(0.13ml,1.82mmol),碘化钾(75mg,0.45mmol),120℃反应3h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,水洗3次,洗去DMF,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(10mg,收率2%)。1H NMR(300Hz,DMSO-d6)δ2.85(d,1H),3.01(t,1H),3.35(m,2H),3.64-3.88(m,12H),4.00(m,4H),4.36(dd,1H),4.60(m,2H),4.92(brs,2H),6.81(s,1H),6.97(d,1H),7.02(s,1H),7.06(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 416.0(M+H)+.
实施例56(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例55的产物的合成方法,由19-b和溴乙醇制备得到标题化合物,即将l-SPD替换为19-b收率:44%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ2.56-2.74(m,2H),2.83(dd,1H),3.06-3.33(m,3H),3.56(d,2H),3.80-3.95(m,11H),3.99-4.20(m,2H),4.27(d,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.91(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 386.0(M+H)+.
实施例57(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-C类)
参照实施例53的产物的合成方法,由19-b和溴代环丙烷制备得到标题化合物,即将原料1-c替换为19-b收率:65%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ0.53(m,2H),0.77(m,2H),2.86(d,1H),3.04(dd,1H),3.37(m,2H),3.76(s,3H),3.78(s,3H),3.80-3.90(m,5H),4.25(dd,1H),4.34(m,1H),4.41(d,1H),4.66(t,1H),6.82(s,1H),7.02(s,1H),7.03(d,1H),7.10(d,1H),11.59(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.1(M+H)+.
实施例58(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环戊氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
参照实施例54的产物的合成方法,由19-b和溴代环戊烷制备得到标题化合物,即将原料1-c替换为19-b,,收率:33%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ1.85(m,8H),2.55-2.73(m,2H),2.84(dd,1H),2.06-3.30(m,3H),3.51(m,2H),3.82(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.20(d,1H),4.95(m,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.73(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),6.84(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z410.3(M+H)+.
实施例59(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
步骤1:
取1-a(500mg,1.20mmol)溶于DMF(8ml)中,加入碳酸铯(782mg,2.40mmol)和溴代环丙烷(0.12ml,1.80mmol),150℃下搅拌3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到59-a(356mg,收率65%)。
步骤2:
取59-a(300mg,0.65mmol)溶于乙醇(4mL)中,加入浓盐酸2ml,100℃下反应1h。直接蒸去溶剂得到化合物59-b(233mg,收率88%)。
步骤3:
取59-b(200mg,0.49mmol)溶于丙酮(4mL)中,加入硫酸二甲酯(0.070mL,0.74mmol),氢氧化钠(80mg,1.98mmol),室温下搅拌反应6h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,硅胶柱层析得标题化合物(155mg,收率82%)。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ0.55-0.81(m,4H),2.35-2.69(m,3H),2.83-3.16(m,3H),3.34(m,2H),3.68(s,3H),3.73(d,6H),3.85(m,1H),4.04(d,1H),6.67(s,1H),6.86(s,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.13(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.3(M+H)+.
实施例60(S)-2-甲磺酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
将实施例13的产物(40mg)加入到2ml二氯甲烷中,加入1滴吡啶(约1.5eq)。冰浴下滴入1滴甲磺酰氯(约1.5eq),维持冰浴温度搅拌10min后移至室温下反应3h。体系加二氯甲烷和水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥浓缩得到粗品40mg。DCM/MeOH=100:1体系过柱得到标题化合物(20mg)。ESI-MS m/z 419.24(M+H)+.
药理实验
1)D1拮抗活性测试
使用LANCETMcAMP 384Kit(美国PerkinElmer公司产品)测试了化合物对表达人重组D1受体HEK293细胞的D1受体的拮抗作用。通过测试化合物拮抗多巴胺对HEK293细胞中cAMP生成的抑制作用来评估化合物的D1拮抗作用。cAMP浓度测试按照试剂盒说明书中的方法进行,化合物的测试浓度为0.1nM-10000nM,采用SCH23390作为阳性对照,IC50由Excelfit软件计算得到,部分化合物的测试结果见表1。
2)D2拮抗活性测试
使用LANCETMcAMP 384Kit(美国PerkinElmer公司产品)测试了化合物对表达人重组D2受体HEK293细胞的D2受体的拮抗作用。通过测试化合物拮抗多巴胺对HEK293细胞中cAMP生成的抑制作用来评估化合物的D2拮抗作用。cAMP浓度测试按照试剂盒说明书中的方法进行,化合物的测试浓度为0.1nM-10000nM,采用利培酮作为阳性对照,IC50由Excelfit软件计算得到,部分化合物的测试结果见表1(ND表示未进行该项测试)。
表1:
3)5-HT1A激动活性测试
使用LANCETMcAMP 384Kit(美国PerkinElmer公司产品)测试了化合物对表达人重组5-HT1A受体HEK293细胞的5-HT1A受体的激动作用。通过测试化合物对HEK293细胞中cAMP生成的抑制作用来评估部分化合物的5-HT1A激动作用。cAMP浓度测试按照试剂盒说明书中的方法进行,化合物的测试浓度为0.1nM-10000nM,采用8-OH-DPAT作为阳性对照,EC50由Excelfit软件计算得到,结果见表2。
表2:
由以上可见,所测试的化合物对多巴胺D1、D2受体具有较好的拮抗活性,对5-HT1A受体具有激动作用,可用于制备治疗中枢神经系统相关的、特别是与D1、D2、5-HT1A受体相关的疾病的药物。
药效实验
1)镇静催眠作用
采用对氯苯丙胺酸(PCPA)注射大鼠失眠模型评价实施例60的镇静催眠作用,结果如图1-2所示。
给药剂量与给药方法:PCPA给药剂量为150mg/kg,所有Wistar大鼠于实验前72小时单次腹腔注射给药。地西泮组(DI)给药剂量分别为2、4mg/kg,单次腹腔注射给药;测试药物组给药剂量分别为1、3mg/kg,单次灌胃给药;戊巴比妥钠给药剂量为25mg/kg,单次腹腔注射给药。给药体积均为10ml/kg。试验当天,模型组给予等体积生理盐水后30min给予戊巴比妥钠;DI组给予DI后30min给予戊巴比妥钠;测试药物组给予药物后60min给予戊巴比妥钠。
指标观察:给予戊巴比妥钠后,密切观察老鼠的反应。从给药后至翻正反射消失1min的时间为睡眠潜伏期。从翻正反射消失后1min至翻正反射恢复为睡眠时间。
由图1-2可见,实施例60在1mg/kg剂量下可显著延长模型大鼠的睡眠时间,在3mg/kg剂量下可明显缩短PCPA失眠模型大鼠的睡眠潜伏期、延长睡眠时间,显示实施例60具有良好的催眠作用。
2)PCP诱导的小鼠高自发活动试验
PCP(中文名称:苯环己哌啶)溶于生理盐水中,配制成7mg/kg剂量的溶液。受试化合物用0.5%CMC-Na溶液配制成合适浓度的溶液,现配现用。雄性ICR小鼠,18-22g。试验时小鼠随机分为溶剂对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组、及各受试药组。每组8只小鼠。各组小鼠分别灌胃给予各受试药。给受试药后45分钟,分别给予小鼠腹腔注射PCP(7mg/kg)溶液。用自发、旷场视频分析系统记录给予受试药或生理盐水45min后小鼠活动轨迹,然后记录给予PCP后75min内小鼠的活动轨迹。用自发、旷场视频分析系统分析小鼠的活动轨迹,统计各组小鼠的活动总路程,其结果用mean±SD表示。结果采用单因素方差分析进行统计。
PCP造模后,小鼠自发活动与生理盐水组相比显著增加,受试化合物在以下剂量(表3)均可显著降低PCP诱导的小鼠高自发活动,与模型组相比具有显著性差异。本发明化合物口服有效,起效剂量低于左旋千金藤啶碱且药效维持时间长。而左旋千金藤啶碱起效剂量高、代谢快,药效作用持续时间短。
表3:
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,
R2选自氨基、被C1~C4烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C4烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氨基甲酰基、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基甲酰基。
3.根据权利要求2所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R2选自氨基、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基。
4.一种四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述四氢原小檗碱类化合物选自如下化合物:
(1)(S)-2-甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(2)(S)-2-正丙基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(5)(S)-2-氨甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(6)(S)-2-甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(7)(S)-2-羟甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(10)(S)-2-氨甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(11)(S)-2-乙酰氨基甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(12)(S)-2-乙酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(13)(S)-2-氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(14)(S)-2-乙酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(15)(S)-2-溴-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(17)(S)-2-乙烯基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(18)(S)-2-羟乙基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(33)(S)-2,10-二氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(36)2,3-氨二甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(37)(S)-2,10-二氰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(38)(S)-2,10-二氨甲酰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪;
(40)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
(41)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-硫酮;
(42)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
(43)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉;
(44)9,10-二甲氧基-1,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
(45)9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉;
(46)9,10-二甲氧基-3,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢-2H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉-2-酮;
(47)10,11-二甲氧基-4,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[3,2-g]异喹啉-3(2H)-酮;
(49)10,11-二甲氧基-6,7,14,14a-四氢-1H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉-2(9H)-酮;
(50)11,12-二甲氧基-3,7,8,10,15,15a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[2,3-h]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
(60)(S)-2-甲磺酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a, g]喹嗪。
5.权利要求1~4中任一项所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防和/或治疗中枢神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于:所述中枢神经系统疾病选自精神分裂症;情感紊乱;精神紊乱;情绪紊乱;I型双极情感障碍;II型双极情感障碍;抑郁症;情绪恶劣性障碍;循环情感性障碍;恐慌发作;惊恐性障碍;社交恐惧症;强迫性观念与行为病症;冲动性病症;创伤后精神紧张性障碍;焦虑症;急性应激障碍;癔病;神经性厌食症;适应性障碍;认知障碍;自闭症;神经性头痛;帕金森症;亨廷顿舞蹈症;阿尔茨海默症;痴呆症;记忆障碍;多动症;药物成瘾;睡眠障碍;注意力缺乏/亢进类疾病和抽动症。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:所述中枢神经系统疾病选自难控制的、难处理的或慢性精神分裂症;内因性抑郁症;重性抑郁症;难控制的抑郁症;狂躁症。
8.一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的选自权利要求1~4中任一项所述通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐中的一种或几种混合物,和任选的可药用载体。
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