WO2019034031A1 - 一类四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其制备方法、用途及药物组合物 - Google Patents

一类四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其制备方法、用途及药物组合物 Download PDF

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WO2019034031A1
WO2019034031A1 PCT/CN2018/100340 CN2018100340W WO2019034031A1 WO 2019034031 A1 WO2019034031 A1 WO 2019034031A1 CN 2018100340 W CN2018100340 W CN 2018100340W WO 2019034031 A1 WO2019034031 A1 WO 2019034031A1
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group
substituted
tetrahydro
alkyl
dibenzo
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PCT/CN2018/100340
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French (fr)
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何洋
蒋翔锐
李剑峰
王瑜
王震
陈伟铭
朱富强
吴春晖
张容霞
沈敬山
蒋华良
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中国科学院上海药物研究所
上海特化医药科技有限公司
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Priority to EP18846464.8A priority Critical patent/EP3670511A4/en
Priority to JP2020509452A priority patent/JP7100693B2/ja
Priority to US16/639,394 priority patent/US11731965B2/en
Publication of WO2019034031A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019034031A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/06Antimigraine agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/20Hypnotics; Sedatives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/22Anxiolytics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24Antidepressants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/30Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D455/00Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
    • C07D455/03Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/12Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D471/14Ortho-condensed systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/12Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D498/14Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medicinal chemistry and chemical synthesis.
  • the present invention relates to a novel structure of tetrahydroprotoberberine-like compounds, a process for the preparation thereof, a pharmaceutical composition thereof and a preparation thereof for the treatment of neurological diseases associated with dopamine and 5-HT receptors, especially The use of drugs for neurological diseases such as Jinsen's disease, schizophrenia, drug addiction, ADHD, and migraine.
  • Tetrahydroprotoberberines are a class of isoquinoline alkaloids having four concatex structures. Such natural alkaloids have a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as antagonizing DA receptors, anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-arrhythmia, hypolipidemic, anti-depressant, analgesic and the like.
  • tetrahydropalmatine can be used for analgesia and hypnosis; Panzhizhining can relieve cough and asthma; corydaline has acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
  • the structure of some tetrahydroprotoberberines is as follows:
  • the etiology of DA dysfunction in the brain region of schizophrenia indicates that the target area of the patient's positive symptoms is in the subcortical structure, and the D 2 receptor function in these areas is hyperactive and produces positive symptoms.
  • Patients with negative symptoms are caused by a frontal low (mPFC) of D 1 receptor function in front of the cerebral cortex, D 1 receptor agonist can improve learning and memory disorders.
  • mPFC frontal low
  • D 1 receptor agonist can improve learning and memory disorders.
  • l-SPD has the characteristics of non-classical anti-schizophrenic drugs, improves the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and has no obvious EPS and sedative effects. l-SPD also has anti-Parkinson's disease effect. Unilateral 6-OHDA-damaged rats are a common animal model of Parkinson's disease. In 0.5-8mg / kg dose range, l-SPD dose-dependent induction of contralateral (the intact side) rotational behavior, although the response was significantly lower maximum rotation D 1 agonist apomorphine (APO).
  • APO maximum rotation D 1 agonist apomorphine
  • l-SPD can significantly reduce the side effects of dyskinesia in PD patients.
  • studies have shown that l-SPD can inhibit the establishment, maintenance and reconstruction of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), and has the potential to treat opioid addiction.
  • CPP morphine-induced conditioned place preference
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of the above compound of the formula (I).
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula (I), an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer, a racemate, and a pharmaceutically acceptable amount thereof.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a compound of the above formula (I), an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer, a racemate, and a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic salt thereof, a crystalline hydrate thereof. And use of a solvate in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases associated with dopamine and 5-HT receptors.
  • the present invention relates to a tetrahydroprotoberberoid compound represented by the general formula (I), an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer, a racemate, a mixture thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable thereof.
  • R1 to R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, fluorenyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogenated C1-C6 alkoxy, hydroxy C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkyl , C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkenyloxy, C2-C6 alkynyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogenated C1-C6 alkane a group, an amino group, an amino group substituted with a C1 to C6 alkyl group, an amino group substituted with a C1 to C6 alkanoyl group, an amino group substituted with a C1 to C6 alkylsulfonyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, an amino C1 to C
  • any two adjacent substituents of R1, R2, R3, and R4 may form a substituted or unsubstituted benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1 to 4 substituents together with an adjacent benzene ring.
  • the heterocyclic ring contains 1 to 3 selected from N, O a hetero atom of S; specifically, the benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring] is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R5 to R6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, fluorenyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogenated C1-C6 alkoxy, hydroxy C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkyl, C3 -C6 cycloalkyl, C3 to C6 cycloalkoxy, C2 to C6 alkenyl, C2 to C6 alkenyloxy, C2 to C6 alkynyl, C2 to C6 alkynyloxy, halogenated C1 to C6 alkyl, Amino group, amino group substituted by C1-C6 alkyl group, amino group substituted by C1-C6 alkanoyl group, amino group substituted by C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl group, cyano group, carboxyl group, aldehyde group, amino C1-C6 alkyl group, hydroxyl group C1 ⁇
  • R1 to R6 may not have 4 or more C1 to C6 alkoxy groups at the same time;
  • the configuration of the C14-position chiral carbon atom (*) in the compound of the formula (I) is R-type or S-form; and the general formula (I) does not include the following compounds:
  • R1 to R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, decyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, -SCH 3 , -SCH 2 CH 3 , propyl, cyclopropyl Base, isopropyl, tert-butyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, bromomethyl, chloromethyl, vinyl, vinylmethyl, amino, N-methylamino, N-ethylamino , N,N-Dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, cyano, carboxyl, aldehyde, -CH 2 NH 2 , -CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CN, -CH 2 CH 2 CN, formyl, acetyl, propionyl, trifluoroacetyl, sulfony
  • R5 to R6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, decyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, -SCH 3 , -SCH 2 CH 3 , propyl, cyclopropyl, isopropyl , tert-butyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, bromomethyl, chloromethyl, vinyl, vinylmethyl, amino, N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N,N- Dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, cyano, carboxyl, aldehyde, -CH 2 NH 2 , -CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CN, -CH 2 CH 2 CN, formyl, acetyl, propionyl, trifluoroacetyl, sulfonylamino (-SO 2
  • R1 to R6 are a C1-C6 alkoxy group; more preferably, two or three of R1 to R6 are a methoxy group.
  • the compound of the formula (I) of the present invention is selected from the compounds of the formula (I-A) to (I-G):
  • R1 to R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, fluorenyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogenated C1-C6 alkoxy, hydroxy C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkyl , C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkenyloxy, C2-C6 alkynyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogenated C1-C6 alkane a group, an amino group, an amino group substituted with a C1 to C6 alkyl group, an amino group substituted with a C1 to C6 alkanoyl group, an amino group substituted with a C1 to C6 alkylsulfonyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, an amino C1 to C
  • R5 to R6 are selected from the group consisting of a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a C1-C6 alkanoyl group, an amino group substituted with a C1-C6 alkanoyl group, an amino group substituted with a C1-C6 alkanesulfonyl group, and an amino group C1 substituted with a C1-C6 alkanoyl group.
  • C6 alkyl group aldehyde group, hydroxy C1-C6 alkyl group, amino C1-C6 alkyl group, C1-C6 alkyl group, amino group, hydroxy C1-C6 alkoxy group, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy group, C3-C5 naphthenic group base.
  • the compound of formula (I) is selected from the compounds of formula (I-A-1):
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, fluorenyl, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, hydroxy C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 ring Alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkenyloxy, C2-C6 alkynyl, C2-C6 alkynyloxy, halogenated C1-C6 alkyl, amino, substituted by C1-C6 alkyl Amino group, amino group substituted by C1-C6 alkanoyl group, amino group substituted by C1-C6 alkanesulfonyl group, cyano group, carboxyl group, aldehyde group, amino C1-C6 alkyl group, hydroxy C1-C6 alkyl group, cyano C1-C6 An alky
  • R2 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, fluorenyl, halogenated C1-C4 alkoxy, hydroxy C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkylthio, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C5 cycloalkyl, C3-C5 Cycloalkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkenyloxy, C2-C4 alkynyl, C2-C4 alkynyloxy, halogenated C1-C4 alkyl, amino, substituted by C1-C4 alkyl Amino group, amino group substituted by C1 to C4 alkanoyl group, amino group substituted by C1 to C4 alkylsulfonyl group, cyano group, carboxyl group, aldehyde group, amino group C1 to C4 alkyl group, hydroxy group C1-C4 alkyl group, cyano group C1 ⁇ a C4 alky
  • R2 is selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo, mercapto, trifluoromethoxy, -SCH 3, -SCH 2 CH 3 , methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, trifluoromethyl Methyl, bromomethyl, chloromethyl, vinyl, amino, N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, cyano, carboxy , aldehyde group, -CH 2 NH 2 , -CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CN, -CH 2 CH 2 CN, formyl, acetyl, propionyl , trifluoroacetyl, sulfonylamino (-SO 2 NH 2 ), carbamoyl, N-methylcarbamoyl,
  • the compound of formula (I) of the invention is selected from the following compounds:
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of the compound of the formula (I) and an intermediate thereof, which can be carried out by one of the following methods one to six, and the starting materials used in the invention are commercially available or according to known synthesis of similar compounds.
  • Method preparation :
  • Method one using tetrahydroprotoberberine substituted with a phenolic hydroxyl group as a raw material, and alkylating reaction with an alkylating agent to obtain a target compound.
  • alkylating agents include, but are not limited to, bromocyclopropane, bromocyclopentane, bromoethanol, chlorohydrin, 3-bromopropene, and chlorodifluoromethane.
  • Method 2 using tetrahydric berberine (I-1a) to (I-4a) substituted with a phenolic hydroxyl group as a raw material, and reacting with a sulfonylating reagent in the presence of a base to obtain a compound (I-1b) to (I- 4b); (I-1b) to (I-4b) and the coupling reagent are subjected to a coupling reaction to obtain a compound of the formula I-1 to I-4, as shown in the reaction formulas 1-4:
  • R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, amino, C 1 -C 6 alkyl Substituted amino, benzylamino, cyano, carboxyl, aldehyde, C1-C6 alkanoyl; R1, R3, R4 are selected from hydrogen or C1-C6 alkoxy; R5 and R6 are C1-C6 alkoxy;
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, amino, substituted by C1 to C6 alkyl
  • R1 to R4 are selected from hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkoxy group
  • R6 is a C1-C6 alkoxy group
  • R 2 and R 6 are simultaneously selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 6 alkylthio, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, amino, C 1 - a C6 alkyl-substituted amino group, a benzylamino group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, a C1-C6 alkanoyl group; R1, R3, and R4 are selected from hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkoxy group; and R5 is a C1-C6 alkoxy group;
  • R and R3 are simultaneously selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, amino, C1 ⁇ a C6 alkyl-substituted amino group, a benzylamino group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, a C1-C6 alkanoyl group; R1, R4 are selected from hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkoxy group; and R5 and R6 are a C1-C6 alkoxy group;
  • L in the reaction formulae 1 to 4 represents a leaving group such as a C1-C6 alkylsulfonyloxy group, a halogenated C1-C6 alkylsulfonyloxy group, a benzenesulfonyloxy group, a naphthalenesulfonyloxy group, preferably Methanesulfonyloxy and trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy.
  • the sulfonylating agent is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl chloride, C1-C6 alkylsulfonic anhydride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic anhydride, naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, naphthalenesulfonic anhydride, preferably methanesulfonyl chloride, methanesulfonic anhydride, three Fluoromethanesulfonyl chloride and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, toluene, acetone, dioxane and chloroform.
  • the base is selected from an inorganic base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, potassium hydride, sodium hydride, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, and carbonic acid.
  • the organic base is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-lutidine.
  • the coupling reaction is carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base.
  • the palladium catalyst is selected from the group consisting of palladium acetate (Pd(OAc) 2 ), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium dichloride ((Ph 3 P) 2 PdCl 2 ), bis(benzonitrile)palladium chloride ((PhCN) 2 PdCl 2 ), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium acetate ((Ph 3 P) 2 Pd(OAc) 2 ), 1,2- Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane palladium dichloride ((PdCl 2 (dppe) 2 )), bis(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane)palladium (Pd(dppe) 2 ), Bis(dibenzylidene
  • the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the reaction. If necessary, the above reaction can be carried out by adding a suitable ligand as a reaction accelerator.
  • suitable ligands are selected from the group consisting of 2,2'-diphenylphosphino-1,1'-binaphthyl (BINAP), tri-tert-butyl (P(t-Bu) 3 ), 1,1'-di-(two Phenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf), 2-dicyclohexylphosphine-2,4,6-triisopropylbiphenyl (x-phos), 4,5-bisdiphenylphosphine-9,9- Xantphos, tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate and tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine (P(o-tolyl) 3 ).
  • the coupling reagent includes, but is not limited to, C1-C6 alkylboronic acid, cyclopropylboronic acid, benzylamine, potassium cyanide, zinc cyanide, tributylvinyltin, CO, CO 2 , formic acid, sodium formate, lithium formate. , C1-C6 alkyl mercaptan sodium, sodium methanesulfonate.
  • the method three includes the following steps:
  • R6 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, amino substituted by C1-C6 alkyl, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, a C1 to C6 alkanoyl group; R1, R3, and R5 are selected from hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkoxy group; R2 is a C1-C6 alkoxy group; and L represents a leaving group such as C1 to C6.
  • the sulfonylating agent in the step 1) is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl chloride, C1-C6 alkylsulfonic anhydride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic anhydride, naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, naphthalenesulfonic anhydride, preferably methanesulfonyl chloride, Methanesulfonic anhydride, trifluoromethanesulfonyl chloride and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, toluene, acetone, dioxane and chloroform.
  • the base is selected from an inorganic base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, potassium hydride, sodium hydride, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, and carbonic acid.
  • the organic base is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-lutidine.
  • Step 2 The coupling reaction is carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base.
  • the palladium catalyst is selected from the group consisting of palladium acetate (Pd(OAc) 2 ), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium dichloride ((Ph 3 P) 2 PdCl 2 ), bis(benzonitrile)palladium chloride ((PhCN) 2 PdCl 2 ), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium acetate ((Ph 3 P) 2 Pd(OAc) 2 ), 1,2- Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane palladium dichloride (PdCl 2 (dppe) 2 ), bis(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane)palladium (Pd(dppe) 2 ), double ( Dibenzylideneace
  • the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the reaction. If necessary, the above reaction can be carried out by adding a suitable ligand as a reaction accelerator.
  • suitable ligands are 2,2'-diphenylphosphino-1,1'-binaphthyl (BINAP), tri-tert-butyl (P(t-Bu) 3 ), 1,1'-di-(diphenyl) Phosphyl)ferrocene (dppf), 2-dicyclohexylphosphine-2,4,6-triisopropylbiphenyl (x-phos), 4,5-bisdiphenylphosphine-9,9-di Xantphos, tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate and tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine (P(o-tolyl) 3 ).
  • the debenzylation reaction may be carried out by a hydrogenation catalytic method or an acid hydrolysis method, and the hydrogenation catalytic method uses Pd/C, palladium hydroxide or palladium hydroxide carbon as a catalyst, and hydrogen as a reducing agent; the acid hydrolysis method may be carried out in hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid. Or in acetic acid.
  • the debenzylation reaction is carried out by a hydrogenation catalytic method or an acid hydrolysis method in a lower alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol or a lower alcohol-water mixed solvent or ethyl acetate, and is reacted at a normal pressure in the range of 20 to 100 ° C;
  • the alkylation reaction solvent is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, toluene, acetone, dioxane and chloroform.
  • the base is selected from an inorganic base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, potassium hydride, sodium hydride, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, and carbonic acid.
  • the organic base being selected from the group consisting of pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-lutidine.
  • the alkylating agents include, but are not limited to, methyl iodide, ethyl bromide, 2-bromopropane, 2-chloropropane, bromo n-butane, bromo-n-pentane, bromo-n-hexane.
  • R1 and R2 together with an adjacent benzene ring form a benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring] having 1 to 4 substituents substituted or unsubstituted, specifically, the benzo[5-6 Monomonocyclic heterocycle] selected from:
  • the heterocyclic ring contains 1 to 3 selected from N, O a hetero atom of S;
  • R3 is selected from hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkoxy group; and
  • R5 and R6 are a C1-C6 alkoxy group;
  • R 2 and R 3 together with an adjacent benzene ring form a benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring] having 1 to 4 substituents substituted or unsubstituted, specifically, the benzo[5-6 Monomonocyclic heterocycle] selected from:
  • the heterocyclic ring contains 1 to 3 selected from N, O a hetero atom of S;
  • R5 to R6 are a C1-C6 alkoxy group;
  • R 3 and R 4 together with an adjacent benzene ring form a benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring] having 1 to 4 substituents substituted or unsubstituted, the substituted substituent being selected from the group consisting of halogen and hydroxyl groups.
  • the heterocyclic ring having 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from N, O, and S
  • Benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocycle] is selected from the group consisting of: R5 to R6 are a C1-C6 alkoxy group;
  • R 2 and R 3 together with an adjacent benzene ring form a benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring] having 1 to 4 substituents substituted or unsubstituted, the substituted substituent being selected from the group consisting of halogen and hydroxyl groups.
  • the heterocyclic ring having 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from N, O, and S
  • Benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocycle] is selected from the group consisting of: R5 to R6 are a C1-C6 alkoxy group;
  • the nitrating agent in the nitration reaction may be selected from various concentrations of nitric acid, a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid, a mixture of nitric acid, sodium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid, a mixture of potassium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid, a mixture of sodium nitrite and concentrated sulfuric acid, A mixture of acetic acid and nitric acid, preferably a mixture of acetic acid and nitric acid, when the nitrating agent is a mixture, the mixing ratio is not limited, and the reaction temperature is between -20 ° C and room temperature.
  • the reduction reaction is carried out by using Pd/C as a catalyst in a lower alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol or a lower alcohol-water mixed solvent, and hydrogenating at a normal pressure in the range of 0 to 40 ° C for 1 to 10 hours.
  • a lower alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol or a lower alcohol-water mixed solvent
  • the ring-closing reaction is carried out in the presence or absence of a base in the presence of a ring-closing reagent, including but not limited to phosgene, triphosgene, 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), urea, Carbon tetrabromide, formic acid, trimethyl orthoformate, trimethyl orthoacetate, triethyl orthoacetate, acetyl chloride, chloroacetyl chloride, bromoacetyl bromide, bromoacetyl chloride, and the like.
  • a ring-closing reagent including but not limited to phosgene, triphosgene, 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), urea, Carbon tetrabromide, formic acid, trimethyl orthoformate, trimethyl orthoacetate, triethyl orthoacetate, acetyl chloride, chloroacetyl chloride, bromoace
  • the base is selected from the group consisting of inorganic or organic bases selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydride, sodium hydride, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, and Sodium bicarbonate
  • the organic base is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-lutidine; the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect The reaction can be carried out.
  • Method 5 using the compound of the formula (I-10a) or (I-7a) as a raw material, a compound of the formula (I-10) or (I-11) can be obtained by a multi-step reaction, as shown in the reaction formulas 10-11:
  • R1 and R2 together with an adjacent benzene ring form a benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring] having 1 to 4 substituents substituted or unsubstituted, the substituted substituent being selected from the group consisting of halogen and hydroxyl groups.
  • L represents a leaving group such as a C1-C6 alkylsulfonyloxy group, a halogenated C1-C6 alkylsulfonyloxy group, a benzenesulfonyloxy group, a naphthalenesulfonyloxy group, preferably a methanesulfonyloxy group and three Fluoromethanesulfonyloxy;
  • R3 is selected from hydrogen or C1-C6 alkoxy;
  • R5 and R6 are C1-C6 alkoxy;
  • R 2 and R 3 together with an adjacent benzene ring form a benzo[5-6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring] having 1 to 4 substituents substituted or unsubstituted, the substituted substituent being selected from the group consisting of halogen and hydroxyl groups.
  • L represents a leaving group such as a C1-C6 alkylsulfonyloxy group, a halogenated C1-C6 alkylsulfonyloxy group, a benzenesulfonyloxy group, a naphthalenesulfonyloxy group, preferably a methanesulfonyloxy group and three Fluoromethanesulfonyloxy; R5 to R6 are C1-C6 alkoxy;
  • the method five includes the following steps:
  • a compound of the formula (I-10e) or (I-11c) is obtained by a ring closure reaction to give a compound of the formula (I-10) or (I-11).
  • the nitrating reagent in the step 1) may be a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid, a mixture of nitric acid, sodium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid, a mixture of potassium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid, a mixture of sodium nitrite and concentrated sulfuric acid, a mixture of acetic acid and nitric acid, preferably
  • the mixture of acetic acid and nitric acid is not limited in the mixing ratio, and the reaction temperature is between -20 ° C and room temperature, and the reaction time is from 10 minutes to 12 hours.
  • the sulfonylating agent in the step 2) is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl chloride, C1-C6 alkylsulfonic anhydride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic anhydride, naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, naphthalenesulfonic anhydride, preferably methanesulfonyl chloride, methanesulfonate.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, toluene, acetone, dioxane and chloroform.
  • the base is selected from an inorganic base selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, potassium hydride, sodium hydride, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, and carbonic acid.
  • the organic base is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-lutidine.
  • the coupling reaction is carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base.
  • the palladium catalyst is selected from the group consisting of palladium acetate (Pd(OAc) 2 ), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium dichloride ((Ph 3 P) 2 PdCl 2 ), bis(benzonitrile)palladium chloride ((PhCN) 2 PdCl 2 ), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium acetate ((Ph 3 P) 2 Pd(OAc) 2 ), 1,2- Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane palladium dichloride ((PdCl 2 (dppe) 2 )), bis(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane)palladium (Pd(dppe) 2 ), Bis(dibenzylidene
  • the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with the reaction. If necessary, the above reaction can be carried out by adding a suitable ligand as a reaction accelerator.
  • suitable ligands are 2,2'-diphenylphosphino-1,1'-binaphthyl (BINAP), tri-tert-butyl (P(t-Bu) 3 ), 1,1'-di-(diphenyl) Phosphyl)ferrocene (dppf), 2-dicyclohexylphosphine-2,4,6-triisopropylbiphenyl (x-phos), 4,5-bisdiphenylphosphine-9,9-di Xantphos, tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate and tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine (P(o-tolyl) 3 ).
  • Step 4) The reduction reaction is carried out by using Pd/C, palladium hydroxide or palladium hydroxide carbon as a catalyst, ammonium formate or hydrogen as a reducing agent, and a lower alcohol or a lower alcohol-water mixed solvent such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
  • the reaction is carried out at a normal pressure in the range of 20 to 100 °C.
  • Step 5 The ring closure reaction is carried out in the presence or absence of a base in the presence of a ring shuttling reagent, including but not limited to phosgene, triphosgene, 1,1 '-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), urea , formic acid, sodium nitrite, carbon disulfide, thiophosgene, triethyl orthoacetate, chloroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid, ethyl bromoacetate, methyl bromoacetate, chloroacetamide, and the like.
  • a ring shuttling reagent including but not limited to phosgene, triphosgene, 1,1 '-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), urea , formic acid, sodium nitrite, carbon disulfide, thiophosgene, triethyl orthoacetate, chloroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid, ethyl bromoa
  • the base is selected from the group consisting of inorganic or organic bases selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydride, sodium hydride, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, and
  • the organic base is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-lutidine; the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as It does not affect the reaction.
  • the functional group conversion reaction is carried out, for example, by an oxidative hydrolysis reaction, a hydroboration-oxidation reaction, a condensation acylation reaction, a reduction reaction, an acylation reaction, an esterification reaction, a Grignard reaction, a chlorination reaction or a bromination reaction.
  • the oxidative hydrolysis reaction is carried out in the presence of an oxidizing agent and a base including, but not limited to, hydrogen peroxide/sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide/potassium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide/potassium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide/ Sodium carbonate and the like.
  • the hydroboration-oxidation reaction is an olefin group added to a boron reagent and then oxidatively hydrolyzed to an alcohol;
  • the boron reagent includes but is not limited to: borane, 9-BBN, etc.;
  • the oxidative hydrolysis system includes but not Limited to: hydrogen peroxide / sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide / potassium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide / potassium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide / sodium carbonate and so on.
  • the condensing acylation reaction is carried out in the presence of a condensing agent including, but not limited to, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl Aminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDCI), O-benzotriazole-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate (TBTU), and the like.
  • DCC N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
  • EDCI 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl Aminopropyl)carbodiimide
  • TBTU O-benzotriazole-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate
  • the reduction reaction is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent including, but not limited to, hydrogen, ammonium formate, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL), borane, and the like.
  • a reducing agent including, but not limited to, hydrogen, ammonium formate, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL), borane, and the like.
  • the acylation reaction is carried out in the presence of an acylating reagent including, but not limited to, acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride, propionyl chloride, propionic anhydride, methanesulfonyl chloride, and the like.
  • an acylating reagent including, but not limited to, acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride, propionyl chloride, propionic anhydride, methanesulfonyl chloride, and the like.
  • the esterification reaction system includes, but is not limited to, thionyl chloride/methanol, thionyl chloride/ethanol, and the like.
  • the chlorination reaction is carried out in the presence of a chlorinating agent including, but not limited to, thionyl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, and N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS).
  • a chlorinating agent including, but not limited to, thionyl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, and N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS).
  • the Grignard reaction is carried out in the presence of a Grignard reagent including, but not limited to, methyl magnesium bromide, methyl magnesium chloride, methyl magnesium iodide, and the like.
  • a Grignard reagent including, but not limited to, methyl magnesium bromide, methyl magnesium chloride, methyl magnesium iodide, and the like.
  • the bromination reaction is carried out in the presence of a bromination reagent including, but not limited to, elemental bromine, N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), and the like.
  • a bromination reagent including, but not limited to, elemental bromine, N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), and the like.
  • the "pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic salt” as defined in the present invention is a compound represented by the formula (I) and formed with a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid.
  • a salt with an organic acid such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, methanesulfonic acid, citric acid, or the like, or with sodium hydroxide,
  • a sodium, potassium, calcium or ammonia salt formed by a base such as potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or ammonia.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” also include solvates thereof, and solvates are exemplified by hydrates, alcoholates and the like.
  • the present invention also provides a tetrahydroprotoberberoid compound represented by the general formula (I) according to the present invention, an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer, a racemate, and a pharmaceutically acceptable thereof.
  • a tetrahydroprotoberberoid compound represented by the general formula (I) according to the present invention an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer, a racemate, and a pharmaceutically acceptable thereof.
  • Use of salts, crystalline hydrates and solvates for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases of the central nervous system.
  • the present invention also provides a method for treating and/or preventing a central nervous system disease, which comprises administering to a human or an animal a tetrahydroprotoberberine compound represented by the above formula (I) of the present invention, which A mixture of one or more of the enantiomers, diastereomers, racemates, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, crystalline hydrates, and solvates thereof.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the tetrahydroprotoberberine compound represented by the above formula (I), an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer thereof, and an external elimination
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be used to treat or prevent diseases of the central nervous system.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing the pharmaceutical composition, which comprises the tetrahydroprotoberberine compound represented by the above formula (I), an enantiomer thereof, a diastereomer thereof, and the like.
  • the racemate, and a mixture of one or more of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, crystalline hydrates and solvates, are mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • a plurality of pharmaceutical preparation forms can be selected according to the purpose of treatment, and generally include: tablets, pills, capsules, granules, suspensions, solutions, creams, ointments, powders, suppositories, and qi. Inhalation, injections, etc.
  • the above central nervous system diseases are selected from: schizophrenia; difficult to control, refractory or chronic schizophrenia; emotional disorders; mental disorders; emotional disorders; type I bipolar affective disorder; type II bipolar affective disorder; Intrinsic depression; major depression; uncontrollable depression; emotional disorders; circulatory affective disorder; panic attacks; panic disorder; social phobia; obsessive-compulsive and behavioral disorders; impulsive disorders; Post-stress disorder; anxiety disorder; acute stress disorder; rickets; anorexia nervosa; adaptive disorder; cognitive impairment; autism; neuropathic headache; mania; Parkinson's disease; Huntington's disease; Hyperthermia; various dementias; memory disorders; ADHD; drug addiction; sleep disorders; attention deficit/hyperthyscia and tic disorder.
  • halogen generally means fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine; preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine; more preferably fluorine or chlorine;
  • the C1-C6 alkyl group means a straight or branched saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl. , sec-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, isohexyl, 3-methylpentyl or n-hexyl, etc., preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, Isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl;
  • the halogenated C1-C6 alkyl group means that a hydrogen atom of a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted by one or more halogen atoms which may be the same or different, for example, a trifluoromethyl group or a fluorine group.
  • Base difluoromethyl, chloromethyl, bromomethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chloroethyl, bromopropyl, 2-chlorobutyl or pentafluoroethyl;
  • C1-C6 alkoxy refers to a straight or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, iso Butoxy, tert-butoxy, sec-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, isopentyloxy, neopentyloxy, isohexyloxy, 3-methylpentyloxy or n-hexyloxy, etc., preferably methoxy Base, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy or tert-butoxy;
  • Halogenated C1-C6 alkoxy means that a hydrogen atom of a straight or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted by one or more of the same or different halogen atoms, for example, -OCF 3 , -OCH 2 CH 2 Cl, -OCHBrCH 2 Cl or -OCF 2 CF 3 ;
  • the C1-C6 alkylthio group means a straight-chain or branched alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, and iso Butylthio, tert-butylthio, sec-butylthio, n-pentylthio, isopentylthio, neopentylthio or n-hexylthio, etc., preferably methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, iso Propylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio or tert-butylthio;
  • the C2-C6 alkenyl group means a linear or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 double bonds and 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and includes both a cis configuration and a trans configuration, for example, a vinyl group, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butene , 3-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, 1,3-pentadienyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-propenyl or 2-ethyl-1- Propylene or the like;
  • C2-C6 alkynyl refers to a straight or branched alkynyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, ethynyl, 2-propynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl- 2-propynyl, 2-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl or 2-hexynyl;
  • the C2-C6 alkenyloxy group means a linear or branched alkenyloxy group having 1 to 3 double bonds and 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as a vinyloxy group, a 1-propenyloxy group, a 1-methyl group.
  • C2-C6 alkynyloxy means a straight-chain or branched alkynyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, ethynyloxy, 2-propynyloxy, 2-butynyloxy, 3-butynyloxy , 1-methyl-2-propynyloxy, 2-pentynyloxy or 2-hexynyloxy;
  • the C1-C6 alkanoyl group means a straight or branched alkanoyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, valeryl, t-butyryl or hexanoyl;
  • halogenated C1 to C6 alkanoyl group means that a hydrogen atom in a straight or branched alkanoyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted by one or more halogen atoms which may be the same or different, for example, a trifluoroacetyl group;
  • a carbamoyl group substituted by a C1-C6 alkyl group means that the hydrogen atom on the carbamoyl group is substituted by one or two C1 to C6 alkyl groups which may be the same or different, for example, -CONHMe, -CONHEt, -CON(Me)Et , -CONEt 2 or -CONMe 2, etc.;
  • the sulfonylamino group substituted by a C1-C6 alkyl group means that the hydrogen atom on the sulfonylamino group is substituted by one or two C1 to C6 alkyl groups which are the same or different, such as -SO 2 NHMe or -SO 2 NHEt;
  • the hydroxy C1-C6 alkyl group means that one carbon atom of a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is bonded to a hydroxyl group such as -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CH 2 OH, -CH(OH)CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH or -CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 OH;
  • Amino C1-C6 alkyl refers to a carbon atom bonded to an amino group of a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as -CH 2 NH 2 , -CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 , -CH(NH 2 ) CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 ;
  • the amino C1-C6 alkyl group substituted by a C1-C6 alkyl group means that the hydrogen atom on the amino group is substituted by one or two C1 to C6 alkyl groups which are the same or different, for example, -CH 2 NHMe or -CH 2 CH 2 NEt 2 ;
  • the carbamoyl C1-C6 alkyl group means that one carbon atom of a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is bonded to a carbonyl carbon of a carbamoyl group, for example, -CH 2 CONH 2 , -CH 2 CH 2 CONH 2 , -CH(CONH 2 )CH 3 or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CONH 2 ;
  • the carbamoyl C1 to C6 alkyl group substituted by a C1 to C6 alkyl group means that the amino hydrogen atom on the C1 to C6 alkyl group of the carbamoyl group is substituted by one or two C1 to C6 alkyl groups which are the same or different, for example, CH 2 CONHMe, -CH 2 CH 2 CONHEt, -CH 2 CH 2 CONMe 2 -CH 2 CONEt 2, or the like;
  • the cyano C1-C6 alkyl group means that one carbon atom of a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is bonded to a cyano group, such as cyanomethyl (-CH 2 CN), 2-cyano B.
  • Base 1-cyanoethyl, 3-cyanopropyl, 4-cyanobutyl or 5-cyanopentyl;
  • the carboxy C1-C6 alkyl group means a carbon atom bonded to a carboxyl group with a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as a carboxymethyl group (-CH 2 COOH), a 2-carboxyethyl group, or a 1- Carboxyethyl, 3-carboxypropyl, 4-carboxybutyl or 5-carboxypentyl;
  • the C1-C6 alkanesulfonyl group means a straight-chain or branched alkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group or a propylsulfonyl group;
  • the halogenated C1 to C6 alkylsulfonyl group means that a hydrogen atom on a linear or branched alkanesulfonyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is substituted by one or more halogen atoms which may be the same or different, for example, a trifluoromethanesulfonyl group. Wait;
  • Substituted C1 ⁇ C6 alkyl group means a hydrogen atom on the amino group is substituted with one or two identical or different C1 ⁇ C6 alkyl group, like e.g. -NHMe or -NEt 2;
  • the amino group substituted by a C1 to C6 alkanoyl group means that the hydrogen atom on the amino group is substituted by one or two C1 to C6 alkanoyl groups which are the same or different, for example, -NHCOMe or -NHCOEt;
  • the amino group substituted by a C1 to C6 alkylsulfonyl group means that the hydrogen atom on the amino group is substituted by one or two C1 to C6 alkylsulfonyl groups which are the same or different, for example, -NHSO 2 Me or -NHSO 2 Et;
  • the C3-C6 cycloalkyl group means a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group or the like;
  • the C3-C6 cycloalkoxy group means a saturated cyclic hydrocarbonoxy group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms such as a cyclopropoxy group, a cyclobutoxy group, a cyclopentyloxy group, a cyclohexyloxy group or the like.
  • the compound of the present invention has good activity against dopamine D 1 receptor and/or dopamine D 2 receptor; the IC 50 of some compounds against dopamine D 1 receptor or dopamine D 2 receptor antagonism even reaches a level of 1 to 10 nM; The compounds of the invention also have some activity on the 5-HT receptor.
  • Some of the compounds of the present invention have a dual action of dopamine D 2 receptor agonism and antagonism, and are D 2 receptor modulators, which are preferably used for the treatment of central nervous system diseases associated with the dopamine D 2 receptor.
  • the compound of the invention does not contain phenolic hydroxyl group, has good solubility, good physical and chemical properties, good metabolic properties, high oral bioavailability, and long duration of drug efficacy.
  • the compound of the present invention is not only active, but also effective orally, has a low pharmacological dose, and has small toxic and side effects, and can be used for treating central nervous system diseases associated with dopamine receptors, such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and double Affective disorder, depression, anxiety, mania, ADHD, drug addiction or migraine have good clinical application prospects.
  • central nervous system diseases associated with dopamine receptors such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and double Affective disorder, depression, anxiety, mania, ADHD, drug addiction or migraine have good clinical application prospects.
  • Figure 1 is a bar graph of the effect of a single administration of Example 60 on the sleep latency of a PCPA rat insomnia model treated with sodium pentobarbital (*P ⁇ 0.05 vs model group);
  • Figure 2 is a bar graph of the effect of a single administration of Example 60 on sleep time in an insomnia model of sodium pentobarbital treated PCPA rats.
  • step 1
  • the title compound was obtained by the method of the synthesis of the product of Example 1 from 1-d and propyl boronic acid, i.e., methylboronic acid (76 mg, 1.27 mmol) was replaced with propylboronic acid (111.6 mg, 1.27 mmol), yield: 25 %.
  • Example 4 The product of Example 4 (500 mg, 1.42 mmol), m. The pH was adjusted to about 5 with 1 M hydrochloric acid, and the mixture was evaporated.
  • 1 H NMR 300MHz, DMSO- d 6) ⁇ 2.59-2.87 (m, 3H), 3.17-3.28 (m, 2H), 3.39 (dd, 1H), 3.48-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.85 (s , 6H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, 1H), 6.88 (d, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 10.42 (s, 1H).
  • Example 6 The product of Example 6 (390 mg, 1.10 mmol) was obtained. The title compound (210 mg, yield 53%) was obtained.
  • 1 H NMR (300MHz, DMSO- d 6) ⁇ 2.41-2.75 (m, 3H), 2.91-3.17 (m, 2H), 3.24-3.47 (m, 3H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s , 3H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 4.07 (d, 1H), 4.45 (d, 1H), 4.94 (t, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.88 (s, 2H), 7.28 (s, 1H).
  • ESI-MS m/z 355.6 (M+H) + .
  • 1 H NMR 300MHz, DMSO- d 6) ⁇ 2.98 (d, 1H), 3.26 (t, 1H), 3.69-4.04 (m, 13H), 4.24-4.79 (m, 3H), 6.96 (s, 1H ), 6.97 (d, 1H), 7.08 (d, 1H), 7.63 (s, 1H), 8.42 (brs, 2H), 12.08 (s, 1H).
  • ESI-MS m/z 355.0 (M+H) + .
  • Example 10 The product of Example 10 (75 mg, 0.21 mmol), m.
  • Dichloromethane-water extraction was carried out, dried, concentrated and purified toiserjjjjj 1 H NMR (300MHz, CDCl 3 ) ⁇ 1.97 (s, 3H), 2.56-2.85 (m, 3H), 3.12-3.37 (m, 3H), 3.47-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.85 (s, 9H) ), 4.24 (d, 1H), 4.41 (d, 2H), 6.01 (brs, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, 1H), 6.88 (d, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H) .ESI-MS m/z 397.0 (M+H) + .
  • Example 4 The product of Example 4 (250 mg, 0.71 mmol) was obtained. The pH was adjusted to 2 by adding 1 M hydrochloric acid, and stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The mixture was combined with methylene chloride-water (EtOAc m.
  • step 1
  • step 1
  • Example 17 The product of Example 17 (200 mg, 0.56 mmol). Water (2 ml), 1M sodium hydroxide solution (6 ml), 30% hydrogen peroxide (1. The mixture was diluted with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and evaporated to dryness.
  • 1 H NMR 300MHz, CDCl 3 ) ⁇ 2.58-2.93 (m, 5H), 3.12-3.36 (m, 3H), 3.49-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 6H) ), 3.80-3.88 (m, 2H), 4.25 (d, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.80 (d, 1H), 6.89 (d, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H).
  • ESI-MS m /z 370.1(M+H) + .
  • step 1
  • Example 10 Following the synthesis of the product of Example 10, the title compound was obtained from the product of Example 19 by cyano reduction.
  • the product of Example 4 150 mg, 0.42 mmol
  • the product of Example 19 150 mg, 0.42 mmol
  • step 1
  • 26-b (75 mg, 0.180 mmol) was dissolved in ethyl acetate (2 mL), palladium carbon (10 mg) was added and hydrogenated for 10 h. Filtration and concentration of the mother liquor gave 26-c (53 mg, yield 90%).
  • step 1
  • Example 5 Following the synthesis of the product of Example 5, the title compound was obtained from the product of Example 27 by oxidative hydrolysis.
  • the product of Example 4 (320 mg, 0.91 mmol) was replaced with the product of Example 27 (320 mg, 0.91 mmol) , yield: 54%.
  • step 1
  • step 1
  • 35-b (9 g, 27.5 mmol) was suspended in dichloromethane (100 ml), pyridine (20 ml) was added, and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anhydride (10 ml) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 h. Diluted with dichloromethane, washed with 1 M HCl solution, washed with saturated brine, dried and evaporated and evaporated.
  • the sodium metal (170 mg, 7.3 mmol) was added to dry ethanol (10 ml). After the mixture was dissolved, the product of Example 35 (200 mg, 0.57 mmol) was added and heated at 50 ° C for 2 h. The reaction solution was poured into a 10% HNO 3 solution (10 ml), stirred for 30 min, and gradually precipitated from a solid. The product was obtained by filtration. The product was concentrated to dryness, ethyl acetate was evaporated, washed with brine. The title compound was combined (110 mg, yield 52%).
  • step 1
  • the raw material 44-h can be referred to the patent document CN102399166B or J. Org. Chem, 2009, 74, 9225-8228; Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2013, 21, 856-868. and the like, and the multi-step reaction from p-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile.
  • the title compound was obtained by the preparation of the compound 44-h. The specific operations are as follows:
  • step 1
  • 44-e (10 g, 23.0 mmol) was added, toluene (30 ml), and phosphorus oxychloride (26 ml), and the mixture was refluxed for 4 h.
  • the methanol was concentrated, extracted with dichloromethane-water, dried, concentrated, and then purified by column chromatography to afford 44-g (0.7 g, y.
  • step 1
  • step 1
  • step 1
  • step 1
  • Example 13 The product of Example 13 (40 mg) was added to 2 mL dichloromethane and 1 drop of pyridine ( ⁇ 1.5 eq) was added. One drop of methanesulfonyl chloride (about 1.5 eq) was added dropwise under ice-cooling, and the mixture was stirred at ice temperature for 10 min and then transferred to room temperature for 3 h. The system was extracted with methylene chloride and water, washed with brine, and evaporated The title compound (20 mg) was obtained eluted eluted elute ESI-MS m/z 419.24 (M+H) + .
  • Use LANCE TM cAMP 384 Kit (U.S. PerkinElmer Inc.) antagonistic compounds tested recombinant D 1 receptor HEK293 cells expressing human D 1 receptor. Antagonism of dopamine inhibition by the test compound in HEK293 cells cAMP production to assess antagonism D compounds.
  • the cAMP concentration test was carried out according to the method in the kit instructions. The test concentration of the compound was 0.1 nM-10000 nM, and SCH23390 was used as a positive control. The IC 50 was calculated by Excelfit software, and the test results of some compounds are shown in Table 1.
  • Use LANCE TM cAMP 384 Kit (U.S. PerkinElmer Inc.) antagonistic compounds tested recombinant D 2 receptors HEK293 cells expressing human D 2 receptor. Antagonism of dopamine inhibition by the test compound in HEK293 cells cAMP production to assess the compound D 2 antagonism.
  • the cAMP concentration test was carried out according to the method in the kit instructions. The test concentration of the compound was 0.1 nM-10000 nM, risperidone was used as the positive control, and the IC 50 was calculated by Excelfit software. The test results of some compounds are shown in Table 1 (ND indicates no Conduct this test).
  • Use LANCE TM cAMP 384 Kit (U.S. PerkinElmer Inc.) agonism compound tested expressing recombinant human 5-HT 1A receptors HEK293 cells 5-HT 1A receptor.
  • the 5-HT 1A agonism of some compounds was evaluated by testing the inhibitory effect of compounds on cAMP production in HEK293 cells.
  • the cAMP concentration test was carried out according to the method in the kit instructions. The test concentration of the compound was 0.1 nM-10000 nM, 8-OH-DPAT was used as a positive control, and the EC 50 was calculated by Excelfit software. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • the tested compounds have better antagonistic activity against dopamine D1 and D2 receptors, and have agonistic effects on 5-HT 1A receptors, and can be used for preparation of treatments for central nervous system, especially with D1, D2.
  • a drug for 5-HT1A receptor-associated diseases can be used for preparation of treatments for central nervous system, especially with D1, D2.
  • Example 60 The sedative and hypnotic effect of Example 60 was evaluated by injecting a rat insomnia model with p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), and the results are shown in Figures 1-2.
  • PCPA p-chlorophenylalanine
  • PCPA was administered at a dose of 150 mg/kg, and all Wistar rats were administered by single intraperitoneal injection 72 hours before the experiment.
  • the diazepam group (DI) was administered at a dose of 2, 4 mg/kg, once a single intraperitoneal injection; the test drug group was administered at a dose of 1, 3 mg/kg, a single intragastric administration; pentobarbital Sodium was administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg administered in a single intraperitoneal injection.
  • the administration volume was 10 ml/kg.
  • the model group was given sodium pentobarbital 30 minutes after administration of an equal volume of normal saline; sodium pentobarbital was administered 30 minutes after DI administration in the DI group; sodium pentobarbital was administered 60 minutes after administration of the drug in the test drug group.
  • the example 60 can significantly prolong the sleep time of the model rats at the dose of 1 mg/kg, and can significantly shorten the sleep latency and prolong the sleep time of the PCPA insomnia model rats at the dose of 3 mg/kg, indicating implementation.
  • Example 60 has a good hypnotic effect.
  • PCP Choinese name: phenylcyclohexyl piperidine
  • the test compound was formulated into a solution of a suitable concentration with a 0.5% CMC-Na solution, and is now ready for use.
  • the spontaneous sputum video analysis system was used to record the trajectory of the mice after 45 minutes of administration of the test drug or physiological saline, and then the trajectory of the mice within 75 minutes after administration of PCP was recorded.
  • the activity trajectories of the mice were analyzed by a spontaneous and open-field video analysis system, and the total distance of activities of each group of mice was counted, and the results were expressed by mean ⁇ SD. Results were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.
  • the test compound at the following doses significantly reduced the high spontaneous activity of PCP-induced mice, which was significantly different from the model group.
  • the compound of the present invention is orally effective, and the effective dose is lower than that of L-Kintoline and the drug effect is maintained for a long time.
  • the drug has a high onset dose, fast metabolism, and short duration of pharmacodynamic action.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种由通式(I)表示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物。本发明还提供了所述化合物的制备方法以及其在制备预防和/或治疗中枢神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。

Description

一类四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其制备方法、用途及药物组合物 技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学和化学合成领域。具体而言,本发明涉及一类结构新颖的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其制备方法、药物组合物及其在制备治疗与多巴胺和5-HT受体相关的神经系统疾病,尤其是帕金森症、精神分裂症、药物成瘾、多动症、偏头痛等神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
背景技术
四氢原小檗碱类化合物(THPBs)是一类具有四个并环结构的异喹啉类生物碱。该类天然生物碱具有广泛的药理活性,如拮抗DA受体、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗心率失常、降血脂、抗抑郁、镇痛等。例如延胡索乙素可用于镇痛,催眠;番荔枝宁能够镇咳、平喘;紫堇碱(corydaline)具有乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。部分四氢原小檗碱类化合物结构如下:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000001
精神分裂症的脑区DA功能不平衡的病因论点指出,患者阳性症状的靶区在皮质下结构,这些区域的D 2受体功能亢进,产生阳性症状。患者的阴性症状是由大脑皮层前额叶(mPFC)的D 1受体功能低下造成,D 1受体激动剂能改善学习记忆障碍。因此,具有D 1受体激动和D 2受体拮抗双重作用的非经典抗精神分裂药,既匹配改善mPFC的D 1受体功能低下,又匹配抑制皮质下结构D 2受体功能亢进,是新型抗精神分裂药的研究方向之一。金国章院士等研究的左旋千金藤啶碱(l-SPD)是国际上第一个具有D 1激动-D 2拮抗双重作用的抗精神分裂药先 导化合物。临床初步试验证实,l-SPD具有非经典抗精神分裂药的作用特点,对精神分裂症阴性症状改善较快,且无明显EPS和镇静效应。l-SPD还具有抗帕金森症作用。单侧6-OHDA损毁大鼠是帕金森症的常用动物模型。在0.5-8mg/kg剂量范围内,l-SPD能够剂量依赖性诱导对侧(the intact side)旋转行为,尽管其最大旋转响应显著低于D 1激动剂阿朴吗啡(APO)。早期临床试验表明,将l-SPD和抗帕金森症药物合用能够显著降低PD患者运动障碍副作用的发生。此外,有研究表明l-SPD能够抑制吗啡诱导的条件位置偏爱(conditioned place preference,CPP)的建立、维持和重建,具有治疗阿片成瘾的潜能。
l-SPD的衍生物左旋氯斯库利啉(l-CSL)也具有D 1激动-D 2拮抗双重作用,且对多巴胺受体的活性更强,但两者均存在口服生物利用度低,理化性质差等问题,限制了其临床应用。因而以其为先导化合物的系列衍生物值得进一步研究。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供由通式(I)表示的一类四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体,以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述通式(I)化合物的制备方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的的通式(I)化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明的再一个目的是提供上述通式(I)化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物在制备治疗与多巴胺和5-HT受体相关的疾病的药物中的应用。
基于上述目的,本发明涉及如通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的无机或有机盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000002
其中,
R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
或者R1、R2、R3、R4中任意两个相邻的取代基可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000004
R5~R6各自独立地选自卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
且R1~R6中不能同时有4个或4个以上为C1~C6烷氧基;
通式(I)化合物中的C14位手性碳原子(*)的构型为R型或S型;且通式(I)不包括以下化合物:
1)2,3,9,10-四甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
2)9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
3)2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
4)3-甲氧基甲氧基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
5)2,9,10-三甲氧基-3-烯丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
6)2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-硝基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
7)2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲氧基羰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪。
优选地,R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、氯、溴、巯基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH 3、-SCH 2CH 3、丙基、环丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、二氟甲氧基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、乙烯基甲基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH 2NH 2、-CH 2CH 2NH 2、-CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2OH、-CH 2CN、-CH 2CH 2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH 2CO 2H、-CH 2CH 2CO 2H、-SO 2CH 3、-SO 2CF 3、-CH 2NHMe、-CH 2NMe 2、-CH 2CONH 2、-NHCOCH 3、-CH 2NHCOCH 3、-CH 2CONHMe或-CH 2CONMe 2
或者,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起可以形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R2、R3可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R3、R4可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
R5~R6各自独立地选自氟、氯、溴、巯基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH 3、-SCH 2CH 3、丙基、环丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、二氟甲氧基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、乙烯基甲基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH 2NH 2、-CH 2CH 2NH 2、 -CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2OH、-CH 2CN、-CH 2CH 2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH 2CO 2H、-CH 2CH 2CO 2H、-SO 2CH 3、-SO 2CF 3、-CH 2NHMe、-CH 2NMe 2、-CH 2CONH 2、-NHCOCH 3、-CH 2NHCOCH 3、-CH 2CONHMe或-CH 2CONMe 2
优选地,R1~R6中有2个或3个为C1~C6烷氧基;更优选地,R1~R6中有2个或3个为甲氧基。
优选地,本发明通式(I)化合物,选自通式(I-A)~(I-G)所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000005
其中,
R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基C1~C6烷氧基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
或者,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起可以形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取 代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R2、R3可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
或者,R3、R4可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
R5~R6选自氰基、氨基甲酰基、C1~C6烷酰基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、醛基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷基、氨基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C3~C5环烷基。
优选地,通式(I)化合物选自通式(I-A-1)所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000006
其中,R2选自卤素、巯基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH 2)、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
优选地,R2选自卤素、巯基、卤代C1~C4烷氧基、羟基C1~C4烷氧基、C1~C4烷硫基、C1~C4烷基、C3~C5环烷基、C3~C5环烷氧基、C2~C4链烯基、C2~C4链烯氧基、C2~C4炔基、C2~C4炔氧基、卤代C1~C4烷基、氨基、被 C1~C4烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C4烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C4烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C4烷基、羟基C1~C4烷基、氰基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷酰基、卤代C1~C4烷酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、被C1~C4烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基(-CONH 2)、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C4烷磺酰基、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基C1~C4烷基、被C1~C4烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C4烷基或被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C4烷基;
更优选地,R2选自氟、氯、溴、巯基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH 3、-SCH 2CH 3、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH 2NH 2、-CH 2CH 2NH 2、-CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2OH、-CH 2CN、-CH 2CH 2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基(-SO 2NH 2)、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH 2CO 2H、-CH 2CH 2CO 2H、-SO 2CH 3、-SO 2CF 3、-CH 2NHMe、-CH 2NMe 2、-CH 2CONH 2、-CH 2CONHMe或-CH 2CONMe 2
优选地,本发明的通式(I)化合物选自下列化合物中:
(1)(S)-2-甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(2)(S)-2-正丙基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(3)(S)-2-异丁基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(4)(S)-2-氰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(5)(S)-2-氨甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(6)(S)-2-甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(7)(S)-2-羟甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(8)(S)-2-羧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(9)(S)-2-乙氧羰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(10)(S)-2-氨甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(11)(S)-2-乙酰氨基甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(12)(S)-2-乙酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(13)(S)-2-氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(14)(S)-2-乙酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(15)(S)-2-溴-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(16)(S)-2-氯-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(17)(S)-2-乙烯基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(18)(S)-2-羟乙基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(19)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(20)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(21)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(22)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(23)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(24)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(25)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(26)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(27)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(28)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(29)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(30)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(31)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(32)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(33)(S)-2,10-二氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(34)(S)-2,10-二乙酰氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪
(35)2,3-二氰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(36)2,3-氨二甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(37)(S)-2,10-二氰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(38)(S)-2,10-二氨甲酰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(39)2,3-二氨甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(40)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
(41)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-硫酮;
(42)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
(43)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉;
(44)9,10-二甲氧基-1,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
(45)9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉;
(46)9,10-二甲氧基-3,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢-2H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉-2-酮;
(47)10,11-二甲氧基-4,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[3,2-g]异喹啉-3(2H)-酮;
(48)10,11-二甲氧基-7,9,14,14a-四氢-6H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉;
(49)10,11-二甲氧基-6,7,14,14a-四氢-1H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉-2(9H)-酮;
(50)11,12-二甲氧基-3,7,8,10,15,15a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[2,3-h]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
(51)(S)-2-(二氟甲氧基)-3,9,10-三甲氧基-9-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(52)(S)-2-烯丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(53)(S)-2-环丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(54)(S)-2-环戊氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(55)(S)-3,9-二甲氧基-2,10-二羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(56)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(57)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(58)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环戊氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(59)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
(60)(S)-2-甲磺酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪。
本发明还提供了通式(I)化合物及其中间体的制备方法,所述制备方法可通过如下方法一至六之一进行,本发明所用起始原料为商业购买或按照相似化合物的已知合成方法制备:
方法一:以含有酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱为原料,和烷基化试剂经烷基化反应得到目标化合物。具体反应条件可参考专利申请CN1900076A。所述烷基化试剂包括但不限于溴代环丙烷、溴代环戊烷、溴乙醇、氯乙醇、3-溴丙烯、一氯二氟甲烷。
方法二:以含酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱(I-1a)~(I-4a)为原料,在碱存在下和磺酰化试剂反应得到化合物(I-1b)~(I-4b);(I-1b)~(I-4b)和偶联试剂经偶联反应得到式I-1~I-4化合物,如反应式1~4所示:
反应式1
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000007
其中,R2选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
反应式2
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000008
其中,R5选自卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1~R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
反应式3
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000009
其中,R2、R6同时选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基; R5为C1~C6烷氧基;
又或者:
反应式4
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000010
其中,R2、R3同时选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
反应式1~4中的L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基。
所述磺酰化试剂选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氯、C1~C6烷基磺酸酐、苯磺酰氯、苯磺酸酐、萘磺酰氯、萘磺酸酐,优选甲磺酰氯、甲磺酸酐、三氟甲磺酰氯和三氟甲磺酸酐。所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。
所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶中。
所述偶联反应在钯催化剂和碱存在下进行。所述钯催化剂选自醋酸钯(Pd(OAc) 2)、二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯((Ph 3P) 2PdCl 2)、双(苯甲腈)氯化钯((PhCN) 2PdCl 2)、四(三苯基膦)钯(Pd(PPh 3) 4)、双(三苯基膦)醋酸钯((Ph 3P) 2Pd(OAc) 2)、1,2-二(二苯基膦基)乙烷二氯化钯((PdCl 2(dppe) 2))、双(1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷)钯(Pd(dppe) 2)、双(二亚芐基丙酮)钯(Pd(dba) 2)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd 2(dba) 3)、[1,3-双(二苯基膦基)丙烷]二氯化钯(PdCl 2(dippp))和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(Pd(dppf)Cl 2);所述碱为双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、碳酸铯、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氟化钾、氟化钠、氟化四丁基铵(TBAF)、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾和 碳酸钠中的一种或多种。所述反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要其不干扰反应即可。如果有必要,可以加入合适的配体作为反应促进剂进行上述反应。合适的配体选自2,2'-二苯膦基-1,1'-联萘(BINAP)、三叔丁基(P(t-Bu) 3)、1,1'-二-(二苯膦基)二茂铁(dppf)、2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯(x-phos)、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(Xantphos)、三叔丁基膦四氟硼酸盐和三(2-甲基苯基)膦(P(o-tolyl) 3)。所述偶联试剂包括但不限于C1~C6烷基硼酸、环丙基硼酸、苄胺、氰化钾、氰化锌、三丁基乙烯基锡、CO、CO 2、甲酸、甲酸钠、甲酸锂、C1~C6烷基硫醇钠、甲磺酸钠。
方法三:以四氢原小檗碱(I-5a)为原料,经多步反应得到式(I-5)化合物,如反应式5所示:
反应式5
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000011
所述方法三包括以下步骤:
1)式(I-5a)化合物在碱存在下和磺酰化试剂反应生成式(I-5b)化合物;
2)式(I-5b)化合物和偶联试剂反应得到式(I-5c)化合物;
3)式(I-5c)发生脱苄基反应得到式(I-5d)化合物;
4)式(I-5d)在碱存在下在溶剂中发生烷基化反应得到式(I-5)化合物;
其中,R6选自卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R5选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R2为C1~C6烷氧基;L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基。
其中,步骤1)中的磺酰化试剂选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氯、C1~C6烷基磺酸酐、苯磺酰氯、苯磺酸酐、萘磺酰氯、萘磺酸酐,优选甲磺酰氯、甲磺酸酐、三氟甲磺酰氯和三氟甲磺酸酐。所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶中。
步骤2)偶联反应在钯催化剂和碱存在下进行。所述钯催化剂选自醋酸钯(Pd(OAc) 2)、二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯((Ph 3P) 2PdCl 2)、双(苯甲腈)氯化钯((PhCN) 2PdCl 2)、四(三苯基膦)钯(Pd(PPh 3) 4)、双(三苯基膦)醋酸钯((Ph 3P) 2Pd(OAc) 2)、1,2-二(二苯基膦基)乙烷二氯化钯(PdCl 2(dppe) 2)、双(1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷)钯(Pd(dppe) 2)、双(二亚芐基丙酮)钯(Pd(dba) 2)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd 2(dba) 3)、[1,3-双(二苯基膦基)丙烷]二氯化钯(PdCl 2(dippp))和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(Pd(dppf)Cl 2);所述碱为双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、碳酸铯、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氟化钾、氟化钠、氟化四丁基铵(TBAF)、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾和碳酸钠中的一种或多种。所述反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要其不干扰反应即可。如果有必要,可以加入合适的配体作为反应促进剂进行上述反应。合适的配体为2,2'-二苯膦基-1,1'-联萘(BINAP)、三叔丁基(P(t-Bu) 3)、1,1'-二-(二苯膦基)二茂铁(dppf)、2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯(x-phos)、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(Xantphos)、三叔丁基膦四氟硼酸盐和三(2-甲基苯基)膦(P(o-tolyl) 3)。
步骤3)脱苄基反应可以采用氢化催化法或酸解法,氢化催化法以Pd/C、氢氧化钯或氢氧化钯炭等为催化剂,氢气为还原剂;酸解法可在盐酸、氢溴酸或乙酸中进行。使用氢化催化法或酸解法进行脱苄基反应在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等低级醇或低级醇-水混合溶剂或乙酸乙酯中进行,在20~100℃范围内常压反应;
步骤4)烷基化反应溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶。所述烷基化试剂包括但不限于碘甲烷、溴乙烷、2-溴丙烷、2-氯丙烷、溴代正丁烷、溴代正戊烷、溴代正己烷。
方法四:以含酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱式(I-6a)~(I-9a)化合物为原料,经硝化、还原、关环反应制备得到式(I-6)~(I-9)化合物,如以下反应式6-9所示:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000012
其中,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000014
所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;R3选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000015
其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的 苯并[5~6元单环杂环],具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000017
所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者,
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000018
其中,R3与R4与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000019
R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者,
反应式9
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000020
其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000021
R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
所述硝化反应中硝化试剂可选自各种浓度的硝酸,浓硫酸与硝酸的混合物,硝酸、硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,硝酸钾与浓硫酸的混合物,亚硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,醋酸与硝酸的混合物,优选醋酸和硝酸的混合物,当硝化试剂为混合物时,对混合比例不做限制,反应温度在-20℃~室温之间。
所述还原反应以Pd/C为催化剂,在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等低级醇或低级醇-水混合溶剂中进行,在0~40℃范围内常压氢化1~10h。
所述关环反应在关环试剂存在下,在有或无碱存在下进行,所述关环试剂包括但不限于光气、三光气、1,1'-羰基二咪唑(CDI)、尿素、四溴化碳、甲酸、原甲酸三甲酯、原乙酸三甲酯、原乙酸三乙酯、乙酰氯、氯乙酰氯、溴乙酰溴、溴乙酰氯等。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯和碳酸氢钠,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶;反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要不影响反应进行即可。
方法五:以式(I-10a)或(I-7a)化合物为原料,经多步反应制备得到式(I-10)或(I-11)化合物,如反应式10~11所示:
反应式10
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000022
其中,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000024
L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基;R3选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
或者:
反应式11
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000025
其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;具体的,所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000027
L代表离去基团,如C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基,优选甲磺酰氧基和三氟甲磺酰氧基;R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
所述方法五包括以下步骤:
1)式(I-10a)或(I-7a)化合物和硝化试剂发生邻位硝化反应生成式(I-10b)或(I-7b)化合物;
2)式(I-10b)或(I-7b)化合物和磺酰化试剂在碱存在下在合适的溶剂中反应得到式(I-10c)或(I-11a)化合物;
3)式(I-10c)或(I-11a)化合物和卞胺发生Buchwald-Hartig反应得到式(I-10d)或(I-11b)化合物;
4)式(I-10d)或(I-11b)化合物发生还原反应得到式(I-10e)或(I-11c)化合物;
5)式(I-10e)或(I-11c)化合物通过关环反应得到式(I-10)或(I-11)化合物。
在上述方法中,
步骤1)中的硝化试剂可为浓硫酸与硝酸的混合物,硝酸、硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,硝酸钾与浓硫酸的混合物,亚硝酸钠与浓硫酸的混合物,醋酸与硝酸的混合物,优选醋酸和硝酸的混合物,对混合比例不做限制,反应温度在-20℃~室温之间,反应时间为10分钟~12小时。
步骤2)中的磺酰化试剂选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氯、C1~C6烷基磺酸酐、苯磺酰氯、苯磺酸酐、萘磺酰氯、萘磺酸酐,优选甲磺酰氯、甲磺酸酐、三氟甲磺酰氯和三氟甲磺酸酐。所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯、丙酮、二氧六环和氯仿。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铯、氢氧化钡、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠和碳酸钙中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶。
步骤3)偶联反应在钯催化剂和碱存在下进行。所述钯催化剂选自醋酸钯(Pd(OAc) 2)、二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯((Ph 3P) 2PdCl 2)、双(苯甲腈)氯化钯((PhCN) 2PdCl 2)、四(三苯基膦)钯(Pd(PPh 3) 4)、双(三苯基膦)醋酸钯((Ph 3P) 2Pd(OAc) 2)、1,2-二(二苯基膦基)乙烷二氯化钯((PdCl 2(dppe) 2))、双(1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷)钯(Pd(dppe) 2)、双(二亚芐基丙酮)钯(Pd(dba) 2)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd 2(dba) 3)、[1,3-双(二苯基膦基)丙烷]二氯化钯(PdCl 2(dippp))和[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(Pd(dppf)Cl 2);所述碱为双(三甲硅基)氨基钠、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠、碳酸铯、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氟化钾、氟化钠、氟化四丁基铵(TBAF)、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钾和碳酸钠中的一种或多种。所述反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要其不干扰反应即可。如果有必要,可以加入合适的配体作为反应促进剂进行上述反应。合适的配体为2,2'-二苯膦基-1,1'-联萘(BINAP)、三叔丁基(P(t-Bu) 3)、1,1'-二-(二苯膦基)二茂铁(dppf)、2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯(x-phos)、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(Xantphos)、三叔丁基膦四氟硼酸盐和三(2-甲基苯基)膦(P(o-tolyl) 3)。
步骤4)还原反应以Pd/C、氢氧化钯或氢氧化钯炭为催化剂,甲酸铵或氢气为还原剂,在甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等低级醇或低级醇-水混合溶剂中进行,在20~100℃范围内常压反应。
步骤5)关环反应在关环试剂存在下,在有或无碱存在下进行,所述关环试剂包括但不限于光气、三光气、1,1'-羰基二咪唑(CDI)、尿素、甲酸、亚硝酸钠、二硫化碳、硫光气、原乙酸三乙酯、氯乙酸、溴乙酸、溴乙酸乙酯、溴乙酸甲酯、氯乙酰胺等。所述碱选自无机碱或有机碱,所述无机碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧 化钾、氢化钾、氢化钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯和碳酸氢钠中,所述有机碱选自吡啶、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺和N,N-二甲基吡啶中;反应溶剂没有特殊限制,只要不影响反应进行即可。
方法六:
由方法一至五所得到的式I-1~I-11化合物进行官能团转化得到。
所述官能团转化反应如通过氧化水解反应、硼氢化-氧化反应、缩合酰化反应、还原反应、酰化反应、酯化反应、格氏反应、氯代反应或溴代反应等。
所述氧化水解反应在氧化剂和碱存在下进行,所述氧化水解体系包括但不限于:过氧化氢/氢氧化钠、过氧化氢/氢氧化钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钠等。
所述硼氢化-氧化反应为烯烃基团先与硼试剂加成,再被氧化水解成醇;所述硼试剂包括但不限于:硼烷、9-BBN等;所述氧化水解体系包括但不限于:过氧化氢/氢氧化钠、过氧化氢/氢氧化钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钾、过氧化氢/碳酸钠等。
所述缩合酰化反应在缩合剂存在下进行,所述缩合剂包括但不限于:N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)、1-乙基-3-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺(EDCI)、O-苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸酯(TBTU)等。
所述还原反应在还原剂存在下进行,所述还原剂包括但不限于:氢气、甲酸铵、硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾、二异丁基氢化铝(DIBAL)、硼烷等。
所述酰化反应在酰化试剂存在下进行,所述酰化试剂包括但不限于:乙酰氯、乙酸酐、丙酰氯、丙酸酐、甲磺酰氯等。
所述酯化反应体系包括但不限于:氯化亚砜/甲醇、氯化亚砜/乙醇等。
所述氯代反应在氯代试剂存在下进行,所述氯代试剂包括但不限于:氯化亚砜、五氯化磷和N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(NCS)等。
所述格氏反应在格氏试剂存在下进行,所述格氏试剂包括但不限于:甲基溴化镁、甲基氯化镁、甲基碘化镁等。
所述溴代反应在溴代试剂存在下进行,所述溴代试剂包括但不限于:单质溴、N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)等。
本发明中所述“药学上可接受的无机或有机盐”为通式(I)表示的化合物与如盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸等无机酸形成的盐,与如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、丙二酸、马来酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、富马酸、甲磺酸、柠檬酸等有机酸形成的盐,或者与氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙或氨水等碱形 成的钠、钾、钙或氨盐。“药学上可接受的盐”也包括它们的溶剂合物,溶剂合物的例子有,水合物、醇合物等。
本发明还提供根据本发明的通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物在制备预防和/或治疗中枢神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供一种用于治疗和/或预防中枢神经系统疾病的方法,这种方法包括向人或动物施用上述本发明的通式(I)表示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的上述通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种混合物,和任选的可药用载体。所述药物组合物可用于治疗或者预防中枢神经系统疾病。
本发明还提供一种制备所述药物组合物的方法,包括将上述通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种的混合物与可药用载体混合。
在本发明的药物组合物中,根据治疗目的可以选择多种药物制剂形式,一般包括:片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、混悬液、溶液、霜剂、软膏、粉剂、栓剂、气雾剂和注射剂等。
上述中枢神经系统疾病选自:精神分裂症;难控制的、难处理的或慢性精神分裂症;情感紊乱;精神紊乱;情绪紊乱;I型双极情感障碍;II型双极情感障碍;抑郁症;内因性抑郁症;重性抑郁症;难控制的抑郁症;情绪恶劣性障碍;循环情感性障碍;恐慌发作;惊恐性障碍;社交恐惧症;强迫性观念与行为病症;冲动性病症;创伤后精神紧张性障碍;焦虑症;急性应激障碍;癔病;神经性厌食症;适应性障碍;认知障碍;自闭症;神经性头痛;狂躁症;帕金森症;亨廷顿舞蹈症;阿尔茨海默症;各种痴呆症;记忆障碍;多动症;药物成瘾;睡眠障碍;注意力缺乏/亢进类疾病和抽动症等。
在通式(I)中的各基团的定义如下:
术语卤素通常是指氟、氯、溴及碘;优选为氟、氯或溴;更优选为氟或氯;
C1~C6烷基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链的饱和烃基,例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1-乙基丙基、 异戊基、新戊基、异己基、3-甲基戊基或正己基等,优选为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基或叔丁基;
卤代C1~C6烷基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链的饱和烃基的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如三氟甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、氯甲基、溴甲基、二氯氟甲基、氯乙基、溴丙基、2-氯丁基或五氟乙基等;
C1~C6烷氧基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基,例如,甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、仲丁氧基、正戊氧基、异戊氧基、新戊氧基、异己氧基、3-甲基戊氧基或正己氧基等,优选为甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基或叔丁氧基;
卤代C1~C6烷氧基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如-OCF 3、-OCH 2CH 2Cl、-OCHBrCH 2Cl或-OCF 2CF 3等;
C1~C6烷硫基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷硫基,例如,甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、叔丁硫基、仲丁硫基、正戊硫基、异戊硫基、新戊硫基或正己硫基等,优选为甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基或叔丁硫基;
C2~C6链烯基指含有1~3个双键和2-6个碳原子的直链或支链的不饱和烃基,既包括顺式构型也包括反式构型,例如,乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1,3-丁二烯基、1,3-戊二烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、3,3-二甲基-1-丙烯基或2-乙基-1-丙烯基等;
C2~C6炔基指含有2-6个碳原子的直链或支链炔基,例如,乙炔基、2-丙炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基-2-丙炔基、2-戊炔基、2-戊炔基或2-己炔基等;
C2~C6链烯氧基是指含有1~3个双键和2-6个碳原子的直链或支链的链烯氧基,如乙烯氧基、1-丙烯氧基、1-甲基-1-丙烯氧基、2-甲基-1-丙烯氧基、1-戊烯氧基、1,3-戊二烯氧基或2-戊烯氧基等;
C2~C6炔氧基指含有2-6个碳原子的直链或支链炔氧基,例如,乙炔氧基、2-丙炔氧基、2-丁炔氧基、3-丁炔氧基、1-甲基-2-丙炔氧基、2-戊炔氧基或2-己炔氧基等;
C1~C6烷酰基指含有1-6个碳原子的直连或支链烷酰基,如甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、丁酰基、异丁酰基、戊酰基、叔丁酰基或己酰基等;
卤代C1~C6烷酰基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直连或支链烷酰基中的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如三氟乙酰基等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基是指氨基甲酰基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-CONHMe、-CONHEt、-CON(Me)Et、-CONEt 2或-CONMe 2等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基是指磺酰氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-SO 2NHMe或-SO 2NHEt等;
羟基C1~C6烷基指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与羟基连接,如-CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2OH、-CH(OH)CH 3、-CH 2CH 2CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2OH或-CH 2CH(CH 3)CH 2OH等;
氨基C1-C6烷基指与含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与氨基连接,如-CH 2NH 2、-CH 2CH 2NH 2、-CH(NH 2)CH 3、-CH 2CH 2CH 2NH 2或-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2NH 2等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-CH 2NHMe或-CH 2CH 2NEt 2等;
氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与氨基甲酰基的羰基碳连接,例如-CH 2CONH 2、-CH 2CH 2CONH 2、-CH(CONH 2)CH 3或-CH 2CH 2CH 2CONH 2等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基是指氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基上的氨基氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷基取代,例如-CH 2CONHMe、-CH 2CH 2CONHEt、-CH 2CH 2CONMe 2或-CH 2CONEt 2等;
氰基C1~C6烷基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与氰基连接,如氰基甲基(-CH 2CN)、2-氰基乙基、1-氰基乙基、3-氰基丙基、4-氰基丁基或5-氰基戊基等;
羧基C1~C6烷基指与含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基的一个碳原子与羧基连接,如羧基甲基(-CH 2COOH)、2-羧基乙基、1-羧基乙基、3-羧基丙基、4-羧基丁基或5-羧基戊基等;
C1~C6烷磺酰基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷磺酰基,如甲磺酰基、乙磺酰基或丙磺酰基等;
卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基是指含有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷磺酰基上的氢原子被1个或多个相同或不同的卤原子取代,例如三氟甲磺酰基等;
被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的 C1~C6烷基取代,例如-NHMe或-NEt 2等;
被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷酰基取代,例如-NHCOMe或-NHCOEt等;
被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基是指氨基上的氢原子被1个或2个相同或不同的C1~C6烷磺酰基取代,例如-NHSO 2Me或-NHSO 2Et等;
C3-C6环烷基是指含有3-6个碳原子的饱和环烃基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等;
C3-C6环烷氧基是指含有3-6个碳原子的饱和环烃基氧基,如环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基等。
本发明化合物具有以下有益效果:
1)本发明化合物对多巴胺D 1受体和/或多巴胺D 2受体具有良好的活性;部分化合物对多巴胺D 1受体或多巴胺D 2受体拮抗作用的IC 50甚至达到1~10nM水平;本发明化合物对5-HT受体也具有一定的活性。
2)本发明部分化合物具有多巴胺D 2受体激动和拮抗双重作用,为D 2受体调节剂,可较好地用于治疗与多巴胺D 2受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病。
3)本发明化合物不含酚羟基,溶解度好、理化性质好、代谢性质好,口服生物利用度高,药效维持时间长。
4)本发明化合物不仅活性强,而且口服有效,具有药效剂量低、毒副作用小等特点,可用于治疗与多巴胺受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病,如帕金森氏症、精神分裂症、双相情感障碍、抑郁、焦虑、躁狂、多动症、药物成瘾或偏头痛,具有良好的临床应用前景。
附图说明
图1为实施例60单次给药对戊巴比妥钠处理的PCPA大鼠失眠模型睡眠潜伏期的影响的柱状图(*P<0.05vs模型组);
图2为实施例60单次给药对戊巴比妥钠处理的PCPA大鼠失眠模型睡眠时间的影响的柱状图。
具体实施方式
实施例1 (S)-2-甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000028
化合物1-a的制备可参考本申请人专利CN102399166B。
步骤1:
取1-a(300mg,0.72mmol)溶于DMF(4mL)中,加入硫酸二甲酯(0.07mL,0.72mmol),钠氢(69mg,2.88mmol),搅拌反应6h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,硅胶柱层析得1-b(60mg,收率19%)。 1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl 3)δ2.53-2.79(m,3H),3.03-3.23(m,3H),3.42-3.56(m,2H),3.84(s,6H),3.87(s,3H),4.22(d,1H),5.14(s,2H),6.64(s,1H),6.74(s,1H),6.81(m,2H),7.29-7.49(m,5H).ESI-MS m/z 432.3(M+H) +.
步骤2:
取1-b(60mg,0.14mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯(2mL)中,加入钯碳(10mg),加氢反应10h。过滤,母液浓缩,石油醚打浆得1-c(12mg,收率25%)。 1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl 3)δ2.57-2.71(m,2H),2.80(dd,1H),3.07-3.29(m,3H),3.47-3.57(d,2H),3.84(s,6H),3.87(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),6.59(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.81(s,1H),6.87(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 342.33(M+H) +.
步骤3:
取1-c(1g,2.9mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml)和三乙胺(0.82ml,5.8mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf 2O(0.58ml,3.48mmol),滴完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到1-d(0.8g,收率57%)。
步骤4:
取1-d(150mg,0.317mmol)置于三口瓶中,加入甲基硼酸(76mg,1.27mmol),碳酸钾(175mg,1.27mmol),四(三苯基磷)钯(79mg,0.063mmol), 1,4-二氧六环(3mL),氮气置换后100℃回流过夜。反应液过滤,浓缩滤液,柱层析得到标题化合物(10mg,收率9%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.20(s,3H),2.57-2.86(m,3H),3.11-3.34(m,3H),3.48-3.58(m,2H),3.81(s,3H),3.84(s,6H),4.24(d,1H),6.56(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.01(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 340.1(M+H) +.
实施例2 (S)-2-正丙基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000029
参照实施例1的产物的合成方法,由1-d和丙基硼酸制备得到标题化合物,即将甲基硼酸(76mg,1.27mmol)替换为丙基硼酸(111.6mg,1.27mmol),收率:25%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ0.96(t,3H),1.54-1.65(m,2H),2.52-2.90(m,5H),3.11-3.35(m,3H),3.49-3.63(m,2H),3.80(s,3H),3.85(s,6H),4.27(d,1H),6.58(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.00(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 368.2(M+H) +.
实施例3 (S)-2-异丁基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000030
参照实施例1的产物的合成方法,由1-d和异丁基硼酸制备得到标题化合物,即将甲基硼酸(76mg,1.27mmol)替换为异丁基硼酸(129.5mg,1.27mmol),收率:28%。ESI-MS m/z 382.29(M+H) +.
实施例4 (S)-2-氰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000031
取1-d(660mg,1.39mmol),加入DMAc(15ml),氰化锌(328mg,2.78mmol),锌粉(28mg,0.41mmol),DPPF(155mg,0.27mmol),Pd 2(dba) 3(80mg,0.13mmol),160℃加热过夜。浓缩DMAc,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(450mg,收率92%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.42-2.62(m,2H),2.81(d,1H),2.97-3.20(m,2H),3.35-3.50(m,3H),3.72(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.07(d,1H),6.87(两个d峰),7.01(s,1H),7.74(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 350.7(M+H) +.
实施例5 (S)-2-氨甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000032
取实施例4的产物(320mg,0.91mmol),加入DMSO(3ml)、双氧水(3ml),氢氧化钠(75mg,1.82mmol),70℃加热2h。用饱和氯化铵溶液调节pH弱碱性,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(130mg,收率38%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CD 3OD)δ2.59-2.95(m,3H),3.11-3.29(m,2H),3.40-3.61(m,3H),3.81(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),3.95(s,3H),4.21(d,1H),6.91(m,3H),7.97(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 369.1(M+H) +.
实施例6 (S)-2-甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000033
取实施例4的产物(500mg,1.42mmol),加入二氯甲烷(2ml),冰浴下加入DIBAL(2.8ml),保持冰浴反应3h。用1M的盐酸调节pH=5左右,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(390mg,收率77%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.59-2.87(m,3H),3.17-3.28(m,2H),3.39(dd,1H),3.48-3.61(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.92(s,3H),6.73(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.75(s,1H),10.42(s,1H).
实施例7 (S)-2-羟甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000034
取实施例6的产物(390mg,1.10mmol),加入甲醇(3ml)和硼氢化钠(84mg),室温下搅拌30min。浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(210mg,收率53%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.41-2.75(m,3H),2.91-3.17(m,2H),3.24-3.47(m,3H),3.72(s,3H),3.74(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),4.07(d,1H),4.45(d,1H),4.94(t,1H),6.67(s,1H),6.88(s,2H),7.28(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 355.6(M+H) +.
实施例8 (S)-2-羧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000035
取实施例4的产物(400mg,1.14mmol),加入30%的过氧化氢溶液(10ml),10M的氢氧化钠溶液(5ml),乙醇(5ml),加热回流72h。浓缩大部分溶剂,用浓盐酸调pH弱酸性,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(150mg,收率35%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.59-2.89(m,3H),3.17-3.32(m,2H),3.42(dd,1H),3.50-3.63(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),4.07(s,3H),4.26(d,1H),6.77-6.83(m,2H),6.88(d,1H),8.10(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 369.5(M+H) +,367.8(M-H) -.
实施例9 (S)-2-乙氧羰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000036
取实施例8的产物(137mg,0.37mmol),加入乙醇(3ml),室温下加入氯化亚砜(0.08ml,1.11mmol),加热回流2h,浓缩溶剂,加入二氯甲烷-饱和碳酸氢钠溶液萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(50mg,收率34%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ1.39(t,3H),2.57-2.87(m,3H),3.14-3.27(m,2H),3.33(dd,1H),3.48-3.60(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.88(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),4.36(q,2H),6.71(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.71(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 398.1(M+H) +.
实施例10 (S)-2-氨甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000037
取实施例4的产物(150mg,0.42mmol),加入THF(2ml)和硼烷-四氢呋喃溶液(1.2ml),加热回流过夜。加入1M盐酸调PH=2左右,100℃加热1h。用碳酸氢钠溶液调PH弱碱性,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(50mg,收率33%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.98(d,1H),3.26(t,1H),3.69-4.04(m,13H),4.24-4.79(m,3H),6.96(s,1H),6.97(d,1H),7.08(d,1H),7.63(s,1H),8.42(brs,2H),12.08(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 355.0(M+H) +.
实施例11 (S)-2-乙酰氨基甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000038
取实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol),加入二氯甲烷(1.5ml),三乙胺(0.09ml,0.63mmol),醋酐(0.04ml,0.42mmol),室温下搅拌1h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(20mg,收率24%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ1.97(s,3H),2.56-2.85(m,3H),3.12-3.37(m,3H),3.47-3.59(m,2H),3.85(s,9H),4.24(d,1H),4.41(d,2H),6.01(brs,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.17(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 397.0(M+H) +.
实施例12 (S)-2-乙酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000039
取实施例4的产物(250mg,0.71mmol),加入1M甲基溴化镁(5ml),加热回流过夜。加入1M盐酸调pH=2,室温下搅拌2h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(20mg,收率7%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.57-2.86(m,3H),2.62(s,3H),3.15-3.31(m,3H),3.39(dd,1H),3.48-3.62(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.90(s,3H),4.26(d,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.70(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 368.2(M+H) +.
实施例13 (S)-2-氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000040
步骤1:
取1-d(2g,4.22mmol)置于双颈瓶中,加入碳酸铯(3.4g,10.5mmol),醋酸钯(189mg,0.84mmol),BINAP(789mg,1.26mmol)和甲苯(15ml),氮气置换15min,注入卞胺(0.92ml,8.44mmol),110℃过夜反应。浓缩甲苯,加入二氯甲烷溶解产物,过滤除去不溶物,滤液加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到13-a(400mg,收率22%)。ESI-MS m/z 430.8(M+H) +.
步骤2:
取13-a(400mg,0.93mmol),加入甲醇(5ml)、钯碳(40mg)和甲酸铵(293mg,4.65mmol),加热回流2h。过滤掉钯碳,浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到油状物,加入HCl-EtOH成盐,得到标题化合物,黄色固体(225mg,收率64%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.98(d,1H),3.17(t,1H),3.48(m,2H),3.69-3.96(m,11H),4.38(d, 1H),4.62(d,1H),4.75(d,1H),6.94-7.15(m,3H),7.45(s,1H),9.75(brs,2H),11.99(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 341.3(M+H) +.
实施例14 (S)-2-乙酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000041
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例13的产物和醋酐制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例13的产物(72mg,0.21mmol),收率:38%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.19(s,3H),2.61-2.93(m,3H),3.15-3.31(m,2H),3.39(dd,1H),3.51-3.69(m,2H),3.83(s,6H),3.86(s,3H),6.60(s,1H),6.78(d,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.72(brs,1H),8.32(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 383.1(M+H) +.
实施例15 (S)-2-溴-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000042
步骤1:
取1-d(300mg,0.63mmol),加入氯化锂(135mg,3.15mmol),四(三苯基磷)钯(80mg,0.063mmol),六丁基二锡(0.65ml,1.26mmol)和1,4-二氧六环(2ml),氮气置换,加热回流过夜。浓缩溶剂,加入二氯甲烷、水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到15-a(132mg,收率33%)。ESI-MS m/z 615.4(M+H) +.
步骤2:
取15-a(110mg,0.17mmol),加入二氯甲烷(3ml),冰浴条件下加入NBS(40mg,0.22mmol),搅拌5min。加入二氯甲烷、水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(56mg,收率77%)。 1H NMR(300MHz, CDCl 3)δ2.56-2.87(m,3H),3.09-3.31(m,3H),3.48-3.58(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.88(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),6.65(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.42(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 403.6(M+H) +.
实施例16 (S)-2-氯-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000043
参照实施例15的产物的合成方法,由15-a和NCS反应制备得到标题化合物,即将NBS(40mg,0.22mmol)替换为NCS(29mg,0.22mmol),收率:35%。ESI-MS m/z 360.7(M+H) +.
实施例17 (S)-2-乙烯基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000044
取1-d(800mg,1.69mmol),加入干燥的DMF(15ml),氯化锂(270mg,5.07mmol),双(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(25mg,0.03mmol),三丁基乙烯基锡(0.6ml,2.02mmol),氮气置换,加热回流过夜。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(275mg,收率46%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.62-2.92(m,3H),3.15-3.29(m,2H),3.35(dd,1H),3.51-3.65(m,2H),3.84(s,3H),3.86(s,6H),4.27(d,1H),5.25(d,1H),5.73(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),6.90(d,1H),7.02(dd,1H),7.34(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 352.0(M+H) +.
实施例18 (S)-2-羟乙基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000045
取实施例17的产物(200mg,0.56mmol),加入THF(1ml)和1M硼烷-四氢呋喃溶液(1.7ml,1.68mmol),室温下搅拌过夜。加入水(2ml),1M氢氧化钠溶液(6ml),30%的双氧水(1.2ml),65℃加热2h。用饱和氯化铵溶液调pH弱碱性,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(60mg,收率28%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.58-2.93(m,5H),3.12-3.36(m,3H),3.49-3.60(m,2H),3.83(s,3H),3.86(s,6H),3.80-3.88(m,2H),4.25(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.05(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 370.1(M+H) +.
实施例19 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000046
步骤1:
取左旋延胡索乙素19-a(10g,28.1mmol),溶解于甲磺酸(12mL)中,加蛋氨酸(5g,30.9mmol),30℃下反应3h。冰浴下将反应液缓慢加入NaOH溶液中,调节PH=13,抽滤滤除原料,滤液使用二氯甲烷萃取多次,合并有机相水洗,食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,粗品经甲醇重结晶得到19-b,白色 固体(1.59g,收率16%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.58-2.72(m,2H),2.83(dd,1H),3.07-3.30(m,3H),3.47-3.62(m,2H),3.87(s,6H),3.89(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),5.68(s,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.68(d,1H),6.74(m,2H).ESI-MS m/z 342.3(M+H) +.
步骤2:
取19-b(1g,2.9mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml)和三乙胺(0.82ml,5.8mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf 2O(0.58ml,3.48mmol),滴完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到19-c(0.8g,收率57%)。
步骤3:
参照实施例4的合成方法,由19-c经氰基化反应制备得到标题化合物,即将1-d(660mg,1.39mmol)替换为19-c(660mg,1.39mmol),收率:50%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.60-2.73(m,2H),2.82(dd,1H),3.05-3.32(m,3H),3.60(dd,1H),3.73(d,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),3.92(s,3H),6.63(s,1H),6.70(s,1H),6.81(d,1H),7.33(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 351.0(M+H) +.
实施例20 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000047
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(320mg,0.91mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(320mg,0.91mmol),收率:40%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.63(m,2H),2.83(dd,1H),3.10(m,2H),3.30(dd,1H),3.58(dd,1H),3.85(m,10H),4.13(d,1H),5.86(s,1H),6.08(s,1H),6.60(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),7.17(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 369.2(M+H) +.
实施例21 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000048
参照实施例12的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(250mg,0.71mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(250mg,0.71mmol),收率:33%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.51(s,3H),2.63(m,2H),2.84(dd,1H),3.11(m,2H),3.30(dd,1H),3.57(dd,1H),3.68(d,1H),3.85(m,10H),6.60(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.80(d,1H),7.16(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 368.1(M+H) +.
实施例22 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000049
参照实施例10的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物经氰基还原制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(150mg,0.42mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(150mg,0.42mmol),收率:50%。
实施例23 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000050
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例22的产物经乙酰化反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例22的产物(75mg,0.21mmol),收率:80%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ1.93(s,3H),2.64(m,2H),2.84(dd,1H),3.04-3.32(m,3H),3.54(d,1H),3.66(d,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.86(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.32(d,1H),4.44(m,2H),5.77(t,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),7.10(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 397.1(M+H) +.
实施例24 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000051
参照实施例6的产物的合成方法,由实施例19的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(500mg,1.42mmol)替换为实施例19的产物(500mg,1.42mmol),收率:49%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.58-2.75(m,2H),2.87(t,1H),3.02-3.33(m,4H),3.57(d,1H),3.86(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.90(s,3H),4.61(d,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.35(d,1H),10.63(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 354.3(M+H) +.
实施例25 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000052
参照实施例7的产物的合成方法,由实施例24的产物制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例6的产物(390mg,1.10mmol)替换为实施例24的产物(390mg,1.10mmol),收率:69%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CD 3OD)δ3.10(t,2H),3.27(m,2H),3.58(td,1H),3.78-3.97(m,11H),4.67(m,2H),4.74-4.84(m,2H),6.84(s,1H),6.98(s,1H),7.06(d,1H),7.30(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 356.1(M+H) +.
实施例26 (S)-2,3,9-二甲氧基-10-甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000053
步骤1:
取1-a(1g,2.4mmol)加入二氯甲烷(5ml)和三乙胺(0.67ml,4.8mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf 2O(0.48ml,2.88mmol),滴完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到26-a(0.74g,收率56%)。
步骤2:
取26-a(500mg,0.91mmol)置于三口瓶中,加入甲基硼酸(218mg,3.64mmol),碳酸钾(502mg,3.64mmol),四(三苯基磷)钯(210mg,0.182mmol),1,4-二氧六环(5mL),氮气置换后100℃回流过夜。反应液过滤,浓缩滤液,柱层析得到26-b(75mg,收率20%)。
步骤3:
取26-b(75mg,0.180mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯(2mL)中,加入钯碳(10mg),加氢反应10h。过滤,母液浓缩得26-c(53mg,收率90%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.27(s,3H),2.59-2.71(m,2H),2.85(dd,1H),3.08-3.23(m,2H),3.27(dd,1H),3.55(d,2H),3.75(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.23(d,1H),6.60(s,1H),6.82(s,1H),6.84(d,1H),7.00(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 326.2(M+H) +.
步骤4:
参照化合物1-b的合成方法,由26-c和硫酸二甲酯经甲基化反应制备得到标题化合物,即将1-a替换为26-c,收率:40%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.27(s,3H),2.61-2.72(m,2H),2.87(dd,1H),3.11-3.25(m,2H),3.29(dd,1H),3.58(d,2H),3.76(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.24(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.74(s,1H),6.86(d,1H),7.01(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 340.3(M+H) +.
实施例27 (S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000054
步骤1:
取26-a(500mg,0.91mmol),加入DMAc(15ml),氰化锌(214mg,1.82mmol),锌粉(18mg,0.27mmol),DPPF(101mg,0.18mmol),Pd 2(dba) 3(83mg,0.09mmol),160℃加热过夜。浓缩DMAc,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到27-a(348mg,收率92%)。
步骤2:
取27-a(300mg,0.70mmol)溶于乙醇(4mL)中,加入浓盐酸2ml,100℃下反应1h。直接蒸去溶剂得到化合物27-b(236mg,收率90%)。
步骤3:
取27-b(250mg,0.67mmol)溶于丙酮(4mL)中,加入硫酸二甲酯(0.095mL,1.01mmol),氢氧化钠(107mg,2.68mmol),室温下搅拌反应6h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,硅胶柱层析得标题化合物(200mg,收率85%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.60-2.73(m,2H),2.91(dd,1H),3.05-3.24(m,2H),3.34(dd,1H),3.49(d,1H),3.59(dd,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.08(s,3H),4.19(d,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.69(s,1H),6.96(d,1H),7.38(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 351.0(M+H) +.
实施例28 (S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000055
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例27的产物经氧化水解反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(320mg,0.91mmol)替换为实施例27的产物(320mg,0.91mmol),收率:54%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.69(m,2H),2.94(m,1H),3.06-3.28(m,2H),3.38(dd,1H),3.60(m,2H),3.84(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.26(d,1H),5.87(s,1H),6.63(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),7.08(d,1H),7.57(s,1H),7.90(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 369.0(M+H) +.
实施例29 (S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000056
参照实施例6的产物的合成方法,由实施例27的产物经还原反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(500mg,1.42mmol)替换为实施例27的产物(500mg,1.42mmol),收率:64%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CD 3OD)δ2.62-2.78(m,2H),2.85(dd,1H),3.02-3.27(m,2H),3.54-3.72(m,3H),3.80(s,3H),3.83(s,3H),3.93(s,3H),4.27(d,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.89(s,1H),7.16(d,1H),7.67(d,1H),10.27(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 354.0(M+H) +.
实施例30 (S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000057
参照实施例7的产物的合成方法,由实施例29的产物经还原反应制备得到 标题化合物,即将实施例6的产物(390mg,1.10mmol)替换为实施例29的产物(390mg,1.10mmol),收率:80%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CD 3OD)δ2.60-2.87(m,3H),3.02-3.28(m,2H),3.46-3.66(m,3H),3.78(s,3H),3.80(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),4.22(d,1H),4.64(s,2H),6.71(s,1H),6.88(s,1H),7.01(d,1H),7.28(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 356.0(M+H) +.
实施例31 (S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000058
参照实施例10的产物的合成方法,由实施例27的产物经还原反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(150mg,0.42mmol)替换为实施例27的产物(150mg,0.42mmol),收率:60%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.64~2.88(m,3H),3.10~3.30(m,3H),3.60(d,2H),3.74(d,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.86(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.31-4.51(m,3H),6.61(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),7.11(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 355.0(M+H) +.
实施例32 (S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000059
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例31的产物和醋酐反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例31的产物(75mg,0.21mmol),收率:67%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ1.99(s,3H),2.68(m,2H),2.88(dd,1H),3.14-3.37(m,3H),3.59(m,2H),3.79(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.23(d,1H),4.45(m,2H),5.86(t,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.72(s,1H), 6.93(d,1H),7.12(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 397.0(M+H) +.
实施例33 (S)-2,10-二氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000060
步骤1:
取l-SPD(1g,3.0mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),吡啶(1.25ml,15mmol),冰浴下缓慢滴入Tf 2O(1.5ml,9.0mmol),滴完室温搅拌1h。用1M盐酸洗去吡啶,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得33-a(1g,收率60%)。 1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl 3)δ2.59-2.94(m,3H),3.10-3.31(m,3H),3.58(m,2H),3.90(s,6H),4.23(d,1H),6.78(s,1H),6.98(d,1H),7.06(s,1H),7.09(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 592.0(M+H) +.
步骤2:
取33-a(800mg,1.35mmol),加入DMF(10ml),碳酸铯(1.32g),醋酸钯(184mg),X-phos(132mg),氮气置换15min,注入卞胺(0.372ml),150℃加热反应3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得33-b(180mg,收率26%)。ESI-MS m/z 506.4(M+H) +.
步骤3:
取33-b(175mg,0.34mmol),加入钯碳(40mg),甲醇(3ml),甲酸铵(436mg,6.8mmol),加热回流过夜。过滤钯碳,浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(53mg,收率47%)。 1H-NMR(300Hz,CD 3OD)δ2.72-2.95(m,3H),3.06-3.28(m,3H),3.42(m,2H),3.77(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),4.35(d,1H),6.64(s,1H),6.75(m,2H),6.81(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 326.2(M+H) +.
实施例34 (S)-2,10-二乙酰氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g] 喹嗪(I-B类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000061
参照实施例11的产物的合成方法,由实施例33的产物和醋酐制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例10的产物(75mg,0.21mmol)替换为实施例33的产物(69mg,0.21mmol),收率:34%。 1H-NMR(300Hz,CDCl 3)δ2.20(s,6H),2.57-2.89(m,3H),3.09-3.26(m,2H),3.41(d,1H),3.51-3.65(m,2H),3.78(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),4.20(d,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.94(d,1H),7.58(s,1H),7.73(s,1H),8.09(d,1H),8.32(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 409.9(M+H) +.
实施例35 2,3-二氰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-F类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000062
步骤1:
取35-a(10g,29.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(300ml),冰浴下滴加BCl 3的二氯甲烷溶液(59ml,58.8mmol),室温过夜,次日滴加甲醇(100ml)淬灭过量BCl 3,蒸干溶剂,直接投下步反应。
步骤2:
取35-b(9g,27.5mmol)悬浮于二氯甲烷(100ml),加入吡啶(20ml),冰浴下滴加三氟甲磺酸酐(10ml),室温搅拌5h。加入二氯甲烷稀释,1M HCl溶液洗涤,饱和食盐水洗涤,有机层干燥浓缩,柱层析得35-c(3g,两步收率 17%)。
步骤3:
取35-c(2.7g,4.5mmol),加入氰化锌(1.6g,13.6mmol),1,1-双二苯基膦二茂铁(383mg,0.69mmol),锌粉(110mg,1.69mmol),Pd 2(dba) 3(273mg,0.47mmol)和DMAc(10ml),氮气置换,160℃下回流2h。冷至室温,加水,乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层,饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥,浓缩柱层析得标题化合物(1g,收率63%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.59-2.71(m,1H),2.77-2.94(m,2H),3.17-3.33(m,3H),3.58(d,1H),3.67(dd,1H),3.85(s,6H),4.26(d,1H),6.81(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.59(s,1H),7.71(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 346.3(M+H) +.
实施例36 2,3-氨二甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-F类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000063
取金属钠(170mg,7.3mmol)加至无水乙醇(10ml)中,待溶解完全后,加入实施例35的产物(200mg,0.57mmol),50℃加热2h。反应液倒入10%HNO 3溶液(10ml)中,搅拌30min,逐渐由固体析出,过滤得产物;母液浓缩干,乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和食盐水洗涤,有机层干燥,浓缩,柱层析,合并得标题化合物(110mg,收率52%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.16-2.39(m,2H),2.65(t,1H),2.75-2.95(m,2H),3.17(t,2H),3.35(d,1H),3.44(s,3H),3.49(s,3H),3.82(d,1H),6.60(s,2H),7.30(s,1H),7.51(s,1H),10.93(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 365.2(M+H) +.
实施例37 (S)-2,10-二氰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000064
参照实施例35的产物的合成方法,由33-a制备得到标题化合物,即将35-c替换为33-a,收率:74%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.58-2.94(m,3H),3.13-3.38(m,3H),3.48(d,1H),3.58(d,1H),3.91(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.19(d,1H),6.71(s,1H),6.96(d,1H),7.41(m,2H).ESI-MS m/z 346.5(M+H) +.
实施例38 (S)-2,10-二氨甲酰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000065
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例37的产物经氧化水解反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(0.91mmol)替换为实施例37的产物(0.91mmol),收率:40%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CD 3OD)δ2.64-2.97(m,3H),3.12-3.38(m,2H),3.50-3.74(m,3H),3.84(s,3H),3.97(s,3H),4.28(d,1H),6.95(s,1H),7.11(d,1H),7.65(d,1H),7.99(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.1(M+H) +.
实施例39 2,3-二氨甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-F类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000066
参照实施例5的产物的合成方法,由实施例35的产物经氧化水解反应制备得到标题化合物,即将实施例4的产物(0.91mmol)替换为实施例35的产物(0.91mmol),收率:42%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CD 3OD)δ2.61-2.92(m,3H),3.18(m,2H),3.47(dd,1H),3.55(d,1H),3.68(dd,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.83(s,3H),4.23(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),6.93(d,1H),7.39(s,1H),7.58(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.1(M+H) +.
实施例40 (S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000067
步骤1:
取1-c(4g,11.7mmol),加入二氯甲烷(20ml),醋酸(10ml),冰浴下滴加30%的硝酸(4.6ml),加完室温下搅拌5h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,合并有机相,用饱和食盐水洗3次,干燥,浓缩得到40-a粗品(5g),直接投下一步。
步骤2:
取40-a(4g,10.3mmol),加入二氯甲烷(40ml)和三乙胺(2.86ml,20.6mmol),冰浴下滴加Tf 2O(1.7ml,10.3mmol),加完室温搅拌3h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到40-b(2.4g,两步收率49%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.69-2.83(m,3H),2.91-3.20(m,3H),3.84(d,6H),3.91(d,1H),3.97(s,3H),4.10(t,1H),4.20(d,1H),6.77(s,2H),6.97(s,1H).
步骤3:
取40-b(2.4g,4.6mmol),加入干燥的甲苯(20ml),碳酸铯(2.26g,6.9mmol),醋酸钯(104mg,0.46mmol),BINAP(289mg,0.46mmol),氮气置换,注入卞胺(1ml,9.2mmol),加热回流3h。浓缩甲苯,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到40-c(1.4g,收率63%)。
步骤4:
取40-c(1.4g,2.9mmol),加入甲醇(15ml),钯碳(140mg),甲酸铵(1.85g,29mmol),加热回流2h。过滤钯碳,浓缩甲醇,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,HCl-MeOH成盐,得到40-d,淡黄色固体(1g,收率87%)。
步骤5:
取40-d(164mg,0.42mmol),加入二氯甲烷(2.5ml),三乙胺(0.3ml,2.1mmol),另取三光气(50mg,0.16mmol),溶于甲苯(2.5ml)中,用恒压滴液漏斗缓慢加入上述反应液中,室温下搅拌反应2h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液适量,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(75mg,收率46%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.31-2.74(m,3H),2.90-3.12(m,2H),3.28-3.42(m,1H),3.63(t,2H),3.73(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),3.79(s,3H),4.05(d,1H),6.43(s,1H),6.84(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),10.51(s,1H),10.63(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.2(M+H) +,380.2(M-H) -.
实施例41 (S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-硫酮(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000068
取40-d(150mg,0.42mmol),加入水(2ml),氢氧化钠(51mg,1.26mmol),二硫化碳(0.051ml,0.84mmol),80℃加热1h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(100mg,收率59%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.61-2.85(m,3H),3.10-3.30(m,3H),3.76(m,2H),3.84(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),4.20(d,1H),6.46(s,1H),6.77(m,2H).ESI-MS m/z 398.3(M+H) +.
实施例42 (S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000069
取40-d(200mg,0.56mmol),加入甲酸(3ml)加热回流1h。浓缩溶剂,加入饱和碳酸氢钠调至弱碱性,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(90mg,收率43%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.68-2.88(m,3H),3.19-3.39(m,2H),3.72(d,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),3.95(s,3H),4.07(d,2H),4.29(d,1H),6.49(s,1H),6.76(d,1H),6.87(d,1H),7.93(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 366.1(M+H) +.
实施例43 (S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000070
取40-d(200mg,0.56mmol),加入水(2ml),醋酸(0.42ml,7.28mmol),冰浴冷至0℃,滴加亚硝酸钠水溶液(含50mg亚硝酸钠),冰浴下反应1h后加热至85℃反应1h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠调至弱碱性,二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得标题化合物(80mg,收率38%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.70-2.87(m,3H),3.22-3.39(m,2H),3.69(d,1H),3.85(d,6H),3.99(s,3H),4.05(d,1H),4.14(d,1H),4.30(d,1H),6.53(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),6.88(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 367.2(M+H) +.
实施例44 9,10-二甲氧基-1,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉(I-F类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000071
原料44-h可参考专利文献CN102399166B或者J.Org.Chem,2009,74,9225-8228;Bioorg.Med.Chem.2013,21,856-868.等非专利文献,由对羟基苯乙腈经多步反应制备得到,化合物44-h经方法五(反应式11)制备得到标题化合物。具体操作如下:
步骤1:
取对羟基苯乙腈44-a(3g,22mmol),加入丙酮(30ml)、碳酸钾(6.2g,45mmol)和卞溴(3.2ml),加热回流2h。浓缩丙酮,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,甲醇打浆得到44-b,白色固体(3.8g,收率76%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ3.68(s,2H),5.07(s,2H),6.97(d,2H),7.23(d,2H),7.29-7.47(m,5H).
步骤2:
取硼氢化钠(1.3g),悬浮于THF(5ml)。另取2.66ml三氟醋酸(5ml THF稀释),冰浴下缓慢滴加到硼氢化钠中,滴完移至室温。取44-b(2g),溶于 THF(5ml),缓慢注入反应体系。室温反应4h。反应液缓慢滴入冰水中搅拌,用二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,加入HCl-MeOH成盐,浓缩,加入丙酮打浆得到44-c,白色固体(1g,收率42%)。
步骤3:
取44-c(1.15g,4.4mmol)和44-d(0.92g),加入乙醇(20ml),三乙胺(2.4ml),加热回流12h。浓缩乙醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,石油醚/乙酸乙酯打浆得到44-e(1.3g,收率68%)。ESI-MS m/z 436.3(M+H) +.步骤4:
取44-e(10g,23.0mmol),加入甲苯(30ml),三氯氧磷(26ml),加热回流4h。浓缩三氯氧磷和甲苯,倒入冰水中,加入碳酸钠溶液调节pH=7,加入乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥,浓缩,加入甲醇,冰浴条件下加入硼氢化钠(3g),加完室温下搅拌过夜。浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得44-g(0.7g,两步收率7%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.56-2.93(m,3H),3.05-3.32(m,3H),3.56(m,2H),3.86(s,6H),4.26(d,1H),5.06(s,2H),6.74-6.92(m,4H),7.06(d,1H),7.29-7.50(m,5H).ESI-MS m/z 402.7(M+H) +.
步骤5:
取44-g(1.4g),加入乙醇(5ml)和钯碳(70mg),室温加氢反应12h。过滤,浓缩滤液至干,得到44-h(1.2g,收率100%)。
步骤6:
取44-h(0.9g,2.8mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),冰浴下加入65%的浓硝酸(0.33ml),加完室温搅拌2h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH>7,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到44-i(0.3g)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.56-2.95(m,3H),3.06-3.33(m,3H),3.50-3.66(m,2H),3.86(s,6H),4.26(d,1H),6.81(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.06(s,1H),7.90(s,1H),10.38(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 357.3(M+H) +.
步骤7:
取44-i(300mg,0.84mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),吡啶(0.34ml,4.2mmol),三氟甲烷磺酸酐(0.28ml,1.68mmol),室温下过夜搅拌。加入1M的盐酸(4ml),饱和食盐水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得44-j(330mg,收率80%)。ESI-MS m/z 489.1(M+H) +.
步骤8:
取44-j(330mg,0.67mmol),加入甲苯(3ml),醋酸钯(15mg,0.067mmol),BINAP(42mg,0.067mmol),碳酸铯(330mg,1.00mmol),卞胺(0.15ml,1.34mmol),加热回流2h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到44-k(250mg,收率83%)。ESI-MS m/z 446.3(M+H) +.
步骤9:
取44-k(250mg,0.56mmol),加入甲醇(5ml),氢氧化钯(25mg),甲酸铵(360mg),加热回流2h。浓缩甲醇,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,加入乙醇,滴加HCl-MeOH成盐,得到44-l,浅黄色固体(180mg,收率88%)。
步骤10:
取44-l(108mg,0.30mmol),加入甲酸(2.5ml)加热回流1h。浓缩甲酸,加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(50mg,收率50%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.64-2.78(m,1H),2.86-2.98(m,2H),3.21-3.46(m,3H),3.59(d,1H),3.79(d,1H),3.85(s,6H),4.28(d,1H),5.34(brs,1H),6.80(d,1H),6.90(d,1H),7.38(s,1H),7.59(s,1H),7.99(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 336.2(M+H) +.
实施例45 9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉(I-F类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000072
步骤1:
取44-i(520mg,1.46mmol),加入甲醇(20ml),钯碳(40mg),室温加氢3h。过滤,滤液加入HCl-MeOH成盐,析出浅黄色固体,过滤,烘干得45-a(480mg,收率91%)。
步骤2:
取45-a(85mg,0.23mmol),加入原甲酸三甲酯(1.5ml),加热回流2h。浓缩原甲酸三甲酯,硅胶柱层析得到标题化合物(60mg,收率76%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.63-2.74(m,1H),2.86-2.99(m,2H),3.21-3.41(m,3H),3.58(d,1H),3.76(dd,1H),3.86(d,6H),6.80(d,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.49(s,1H),7.54(s,1H),8.04(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 337.2(M+H) +.
实施例46 9,10-二甲氧基-3,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢-2H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉-2-酮(I-F类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000073
取45-a(90mg,0.27mmol),加入四氢呋喃(2ml),CDI(90mg,0.54mmol),室温反应5h。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物,白色固体(62mg,收率63%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.41-2.64(m,2H),2.73(d,1H),2.92-3.17(m,2H),3.26-3.44(m,2H),3.49(d,1H),3.72(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),4.07(d,1H),6.82(s,1H),6.87(dd,1H),7.29(s,1H),11.50(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 353.3(M+H) +.
实施例47 10,11-二甲氧基-4,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[3,2-g]异喹啉-3(2H)-酮(I-F类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000074
步骤1:
取45-a(150mg,0.46mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml)、三乙胺(0.18ml)和氯乙酰氯(0.038ml),室温搅拌过夜。加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析,得到47-a(100mg,收率54%)。ESI-MS m/z 403.2(M+H) +.
步骤2:
取47-a(100mg,0.24mmol),加入丙酮(3ml)和碳酸钾(53mg),加热回流5h。浓缩丙酮,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱 层析得到标题化合物,纯白色固体(60mg,收率66%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.37-2.68(m,3H),2.89(t,1H),3.09(d,1H),3.24-3.45(m,3H),3.71(s,3H),3.76(s,3H),4.05(d,1H),4.52(s,2H),6.61(s,1H),6.80-6.98(m,3H),10.66(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 367.2(M+H) +,365.2(M-H) -.
实施例48 10,11-二甲氧基-7,9,14,14a-四氢-6H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉(I-E类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000075
步骤1:
取44-h(0.9g,2.8mmol),加入二氯甲烷(5ml),冰浴下加入65%的浓硝酸(0.33ml),加完室温搅拌2h。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH>7,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到48-a(0.5g)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.66-2.94(m,4H),2.98-3.18(m,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.93(d,1H),4.22(d,1H),4.63(dd,1H),6.76(d,2H),7.01(d,1H),7.29(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 357.3(M+H) +.
步骤2:
取48-a(400mg,1.12mmol),加入甲醇(20ml),钯碳(40mg),室温加氢3h。过滤,滤液加入HCl-MeOH成盐,析出浅黄色固体,过滤,烘干得48-b(410mg,收率100%)。
步骤3:
取48-b(85mg,0.23mmol),加入原甲酸三甲酯(1.5ml),加热回流2h。浓缩原甲酸三甲酯,硅胶柱层析得到标题化合物(42mg,收率53%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.66-3.00(m,3H),3.17(t,1H),3.42(d,1H),3.75(s,3H),3.78(s,3H),3.88(dd,1H),4.16(d,1H),4.34(d,2H),6.93(m,2H),7.26(d,1H),7.64(d,1H),8.75(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 337.2(M+H) +.
实施例49 10,11-二甲氧基-6,7,14,14a-四氢-1H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉-2(9H)-酮(I-E类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000076
参照实施例46的产物的合成方法,由48-b制备得到标题化合物,即将45-a替换为48-b,收率:75%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.60-2.87(m,3H),3.09-3.25(m,3H),3.68(t,2H),3.85(s,6H),4.17(d,1H),6.73-6.81(dd,2H),6.90(d,1H),7.03(d,1H),9.41(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 353.2(M+H) +.
实施例50 11,12-二甲氧基-3,7,8,10,15,15a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[2,3-h]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮(I-E类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000077
参照实施例47的产物的合成方法,由48-b制备得到标题化合物,即将45-a替换为48-b,收率:59%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.61-2.90(m,3H),2.93-3.19(m,3H),3.84(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),3.91(m,2H),4.20(d,1H),4.31(d,1H),4.48(d,1H),6.69-6.89(m,4H),8.14(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 367.2(M+H) +,365.2(M-H) -.
实施例51 (S)-2-(二氟甲氧基)-3,9,10-三甲氧基-9-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000078
取1-c(200mg,0.58mmol)溶于DMF(5ml)中,加入碳酸铯(378mg,1.16mmol),升温至100℃,向体系中通入一氯二氟甲烷,持续5~6h至TLC显 示原料反应完全。停止反应,浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(69mg,收率30%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.58-2.88(m,3H),3.12-3.29(m,3H),3.54(d,2H),3.85(s,6H),3.86(s,3H),4.25(d,1H),6.54(t,1H),6.70(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H),7.05(s,1H).ESI-MS m/z 392.3(M+H) +.
实施例52 (S)-2-烯丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000079
取1-c(200mg,0.58mmol)溶于DMF(5ml)中,加入碳酸铯(378mg,1.16mmol)和3‐溴丙烯(0.073ml,0.87mmol),室温下搅拌3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(112mg,收率50%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.96(m,2H),3.38(m,2H),3.77(s,3H),3.79(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),3.84(m,2H),4.33-4.72(m,5H),5.27(dd,1H),5.42(dd,1H),6.05(m,1H),6.84(s,1H),7.03(d,1H),7.05(s,1H),7.09(d,1H),11.06(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.2(M+H) +.
实施例53 (S)-2-环丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000080
取1-c(200mg,0.58mmol)溶于DMF(5ml)中,加入碳酸铯(378mg,1.16mmol)和溴代环丙烷(0.070ml,0.87mmol),150℃下搅拌3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(141mg,收率63%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ0.56-0.87(m,4H),2.89(d,1H),3.06(t,1H),3.37(m,2H),3.74(s,3H),3.80(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),3.84 (m,3H),4.39(dd,1H),4.66(m,2H),6.83(s,H),7.04(d,1H),7.09(d,1H),7.26(s,1H),11.27(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.2(M+H) +.
实施例54 (S)-2-环戊氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000081
参照实施例52的产物的合成方法,由1-c和溴代环戊烷制备得到标题化合物,即将3‐溴丙烯替换为溴代环戊烷收率:42%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ1.89(m,8H),2.56-2.72(m,2H),2.82(dd,1H),3.05-3.28(m,3H),3.54(d,2H),3.83(s,3H),3.85(s,6H),4.24(d,1H),4.76(m,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.74(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.88(d,1H).
实施例55 (S)-2,10-二羟乙氧基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-B类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000082
取l-SPD(300mg,0.91mmol),加入DMF(3ml),碳酸钾(1.26g,9.1mmol),溴乙醇(0.13ml,1.82mmol),碘化钾(75mg,0.45mmol),120℃反应3h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,水洗3次,洗去DMF,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到标题化合物(10mg,收率2%)。 1H NMR(300Hz,DMSO-d 6)δ2.85(d,1H),3.01(t,1H),3.35(m,2H),3.64-3.88(m,12H),4.00(m,4H),4.36(dd,1H),4.60(m,2H),4.92(brs,2H),6.81(s,1H),6.97(d,1H),7.02(s,1H),7.06(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 416.0(M+H) +.
实施例56 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹 嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000083
参照实施例55的产物的合成方法,由19-b和溴乙醇制备得到标题化合物,即将l-SPD替换为19-b收率:44%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ2.56-2.74(m,2H),2.83(dd,1H),3.06-3.33(m,3H),3.56(d,2H),3.80-3.95(m,11H),3.99-4.20(m,2H),4.27(d,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),6.79(d,1H),6.91(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 386.0(M+H) +.
实施例57 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪盐酸盐(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000084
参照实施例53的产物的合成方法,由19-b和溴代环丙烷制备得到标题化合物,即将原料1-c替换为19-b收率:65%。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ0.53(m,2H),0.77(m,2H),2.86(d,1H),3.04(dd,1H),3.37(m,2H),3.76(s,3H),3.78(s,3H),3.80-3.90(m,5H),4.25(dd,1H),4.34(m,1H),4.41(d,1H),4.66(t,1H),6.82(s,1H),7.02(s,1H),7.03(d,1H),7.10(d,1H),11.59(brs,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.1(M+H) +.
实施例58 (S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环戊氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-C类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000085
参照实施例54的产物的合成方法,由19-b和溴代环戊烷制备得到标题化合物,即将原料1-c替换为19-b,,收率:33%。 1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ1.85(m,8H),2.55-2.73(m,2H),2.84(dd,1H),2.06-3.30(m,3H),3.51(m,2H),3.82(s,3H),3.87(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),4.20(d,1H),4.95(m,1H),6.61(s,1H),6.73(s,1H),6.77(d,1H),6.84(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 410.3(M+H) +.
实施例59 (S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-D类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000086
步骤1:
取1-a(500mg,1.20mmol)溶于DMF(8ml)中,加入碳酸铯(782mg,2.40mmol)和溴代环丙烷(0.12ml,1.80mmol),150℃下搅拌3h。浓缩DMF,加入二氯甲烷-水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析得到59-a(356mg,收率65%)。
步骤2:
取59-a(300mg,0.65mmol)溶于乙醇(4mL)中,加入浓盐酸2ml,100℃下反应1h。直接蒸去溶剂得到化合物59-b(233mg,收率88%)。
步骤3:
取59-b(200mg,0.49mmol)溶于丙酮(4mL)中,加入硫酸二甲酯(0.070mL,0.74mmol),氢氧化钠(80mg,1.98mmol),室温下搅拌反应6h。加入二氯甲烷萃取,饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,合并有机相,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,硅胶柱层析得标题化合物(155mg,收率82%)。 1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ0.55-0.81(m,4H),2.35-2.69(m,3H),2.83-3.16(m,3H),3.34(m,2H),3.68(s,3H),3.73(d,6H),3.85(m,1H),4.04(d,1H),6.67(s,1H),6.86(s,1H),6.89(d,1H),7.13(d,1H).ESI-MS m/z 382.3(M+H) +.
实施例60 (S)-2-甲磺酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪(I-A类)
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000087
将实施例13的产物(40mg)加入到2ml二氯甲烷中,加入1滴吡啶(约1.5eq)。冰浴下滴入1滴甲磺酰氯(约1.5eq),维持冰浴温度搅拌10min后移至室温下反应3h。体系加二氯甲烷和水萃取,饱和食盐水洗,干燥浓缩得到粗品40mg。DCM/MeOH=100:1体系过柱得到标题化合物(20mg)。ESI-MS m/z 419.24(M+H) +.
药理实验
1)D 1拮抗活性测试
使用LANCE TM cAMP 384 Kit(美国PerkinElmer公司产品)测试了化合物对表达人重组D 1受体HEK293细胞的D 1受体的拮抗作用。通过测试化合物拮抗多巴胺对HEK293细胞中cAMP生成的抑制作用来评估化合物的D 1拮抗作用。cAMP浓度测试按照试剂盒说明书中的方法进行,化合物的测试浓度为0.1nM-10000nM,采用SCH23390作为阳性对照,IC 50由Excelfit软件计算得到,部分化合物的测试结果见表1。
2)D 2拮抗活性测试
使用LANCE TM cAMP 384 Kit(美国PerkinElmer公司产品)测试了化合物对表达人重组D 2受体HEK293细胞的D 2受体的拮抗作用。通过测试化合物拮抗多巴胺对HEK293细胞中cAMP生成的抑制作用来评估化合物的D 2拮抗作用。cAMP浓度测试按照试剂盒说明书中的方法进行,化合物的测试浓度为0.1nM-10000nM,采用利培酮作为阳性对照,IC 50由Excelfit软件计算得到,部分化合物的测试结果见表1(ND表示未进行该项测试)。
表1:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000088
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000089
3)5-HT 1A激动活性测试
使用LANCE TM cAMP 384 Kit(美国PerkinElmer公司产品)测试了化合物对表达人重组5-HT 1A受体HEK293细胞的5-HT 1A受体的激动作用。通过测试化合物对HEK293细胞中cAMP生成的抑制作用来评估部分化合物的5-HT 1A激动作用。cAMP浓度测试按照试剂盒说明书中的方法进行,化合物的测试浓度为0.1nM-10000nM,采用8-OH-DPAT作为阳性对照,EC 50由Excelfit软件计算得到,结果见表2。
表2:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000090
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000091
由以上可见,所测试的化合物对多巴胺D1、D2受体具有较好的拮抗活性,对5-HT 1A受体具有激动作用,可用于制备治疗中枢神经系统相关的、特别是与D1、D2、5-HT1A受体相关的疾病的药物。
药效实验
1)镇静催眠作用
采用对氯苯丙胺酸(PCPA)注射大鼠失眠模型评价实施例60的镇静催眠作用,结果如图1-2所示。
给药剂量与给药方法:PCPA给药剂量为150mg/kg,所有Wistar大鼠于实验前72小时单次腹腔注射给药。地西泮组(DI)给药剂量分别为2、4mg/kg,单次腹腔注射给药;测试药物组给药剂量分别为1、3mg/kg,单次灌胃给药;戊巴比妥钠给药剂量为25mg/kg,单次腹腔注射给药。给药体积均为10ml/kg。试验当天,模型组给予等体积生理盐水后30min给予戊巴比妥钠;DI组给予DI后30min给予戊巴比妥钠;测试药物组给予药物后60min给予戊巴比妥钠。
指标观察:给予戊巴比妥钠后,密切观察老鼠的反应。从给药后至翻正反射消失1min的时间为睡眠潜伏期。从翻正反射消失后1min至翻正反射恢复为睡眠时间。
由图1-2可见,实施例60在1mg/kg剂量下可显著延长模型大鼠的睡眠时间,在3mg/kg剂量下可明显缩短PCPA失眠模型大鼠的睡眠潜伏期、延长睡眠时间,显示实施例60具有良好的催眠作用。
2)PCP诱导的小鼠高自发活动试验
PCP(中文名称:苯环己哌啶)溶于生理盐水中,配制成7mg/kg剂量的溶 液。受试化合物用0.5%CMC-Na溶液配制成合适浓度的溶液,现配现用。雄性ICR小鼠,18-22g。试验时小鼠随机分为溶剂对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组、及各受试药组。每组8只小鼠。各组小鼠分别灌胃给予各受试药。给受试药后45分钟,分别给予小鼠腹腔注射PCP(7mg/kg)溶液。用自发、旷场视频分析系统记录给予受试药或生理盐水45min后小鼠活动轨迹,然后记录给予PCP后75min内小鼠的活动轨迹。用自发、旷场视频分析系统分析小鼠的活动轨迹,统计各组小鼠的活动总路程,其结果用mean±SD表示。结果采用单因素方差分析进行统计。
PCP造模后,小鼠自发活动与生理盐水组相比显著增加,受试化合物在以下剂量(表3)均可显著降低PCP诱导的小鼠高自发活动,与模型组相比具有显著性差异。本发明化合物口服有效,起效剂量低于左旋千金藤啶碱且药效维持时间长。而左旋千金藤啶碱起效剂量高、代谢快,药效作用持续时间短。
表3:
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000092
Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-000093

Claims (10)

  1. 一类由通式(I)表示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物,
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100001
    其中,
    R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
    或者R1、R2、R3、R4中任意两个相邻的取代基可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
    R5~R6各自独立地选自卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、 氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
    且R1~R6中不能同时有4个或4个以上为C1~C6烷氧基;
    通式(I)化合物中的C14位手性碳原子(*)的构型为R型或S型;且通式(I)不包括以下化合物:
    1)2,3,9,10-四甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    2)9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    3)2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    4)3-甲氧基甲氧基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    5)2,9,10-三甲氧基-3-烯丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    6)2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-硝基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    7)2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲氧基羰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物,其特征在于:
    R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、氟、氯、溴、巯基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH 3、-SCH 2CH 3、丙基、环丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、二氟甲氧基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、乙烯基甲基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH 2NH 2、-CH 2CH 2NH 2、-CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2OH、-CH 2CN、-CH 2CH 2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH 2CO 2H、-CH 2CH 2CO 2H、-SO 2CH 3、-SO 2CF 3、-CH 2NHMe、-CH 2NMe 2、-CH 2CONH 2、-NHCOCH 3、-CH 2NHCOCH 3、-CH 2CONHMe或-CH 2CONMe 2
    或者,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起可以形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
    或者,R2、R3可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代、硫 代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
    或者,R3、R4可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~2个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
    R5~R6各自独立地选自氟、氯、溴、巯基、甲氧基、乙氧基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH 3、-SCH 2CH 3、丙基、环丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、二氟甲氧基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、乙烯基甲基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH 2NH 2、-CH 2CH 2NH 2、-CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2OH、-CH 2CN、-CH 2CH 2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH 2CO 2H、-CH 2CH 2CO 2H、-SO 2CH 3、-SO 2CF 3、-CH 2NHMe、-CH 2NMe 2、-CH 2CONH 2、-NHCOCH 3、-CH 2NHCOCH 3、-CH 2CONHMe或-CH 2CONMe 2
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物,其特征在于:R1~R6中有2个或3个为C1~C6烷氧基。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物,其特征在于:通式(I)化合物为如下通式(I-A)~(I-G)所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100002
    其中,
    R1~R4各自独立地选自氢、卤素、巯基、C1~C6烷氧基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6 环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基C1~C6烷氧基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
    或者,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起可以形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
    或者,R2、R3可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
    或者,R3、R4可以与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;
    R5~R6选自氰基、氨基甲酰基、C1~C6烷酰基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、醛基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷基、氨基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C3~C5环烷基。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物,其特征在于,通式(I)化合物选自通式(I-A-1)所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100003
    其中,R2选自卤素、巯基、卤代C1~C6烷氧基、羟基C1~C6烷氧基、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C3~C6环烷氧基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6 链烯氧基、C2~C6炔基、C2~C6炔氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C6烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C6烷基、羟基C1~C6烷基、氰基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷酰基、卤代C1~C6烷酰基、磺酰氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C6烷磺酰基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、被C1~C6烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C6烷基、C1~C6烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基或被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C6烷基;
    优选地,R2选自卤素、巯基、卤代C1~C4烷氧基、羟基C1~C4烷氧基、C1~C4烷硫基、C1~C4烷基、C3~C5环烷基、C3~C5环烷氧基、C2~C4链烯基、C2~C4链烯氧基、C2~C4炔基、C2~C4炔氧基、卤代C1~C4烷基、氨基、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基、被C1~C4烷酰基取代的氨基、被C1~C4烷磺酰基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、氨基C1~C4烷基、羟基C1~C4烷基、氰基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷酰基、卤代C1~C4烷酰基、磺酰氨基、被C1~C4烷基取代的磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基甲酰基、羧基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷磺酰基、卤代C1~C4烷磺酰基、被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基C1~C4烷基、被C1~C4烷酰基取代的氨基C1~C4烷基、C1~C4烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基C1~C4烷基或被C1~C4烷基取代的氨基甲酰基C1~C4烷基;
    更优选地,R2选自氟、氯、溴、巯基、三氟甲氧基、-SCH 3、-SCH 2CH 3、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、三氟甲基、溴甲基、氯甲基、乙烯基、氨基、N-甲基氨基、N-乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、-CH 2NH 2、-CH 2CH 2NH 2、-CH 2OH、-CH 2CH 2OH、-CH 2CN、-CH 2CH 2CN、甲酰基、乙酰基、丙酰基、三氟乙酰基、磺酰氨基、氨基甲酰基、N-甲基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰基、N-乙基氨基甲酰基、N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰基、-CH 2CO 2H、-CH 2CH 2CO 2H、-SO 2CH 3、-SO 2CF 3、-CH 2NHMe、-CH 2NMe 2、-CH 2CONH 2、-CH 2CONHMe或-CH 2CONMe 2
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物,其特征在于,通式(I)化合物选自如下化合物:
    (1)(S)-2-甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (2)(S)-2-正丙基-3,9,10–三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (3)(S)-2-异丁基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (4)(S)-2-氰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (5)(S)-2-氨甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (6)(S)-2-甲酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (7)(S)-2-羟甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (8)(S)-2-羧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (9)(S)-2-乙氧羰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (10)(S)-2-氨甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (11)(S)-2-乙酰氨基甲基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (12)(S)-2-乙酰基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (13)(S)-2-氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (14)(S)-2-乙酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (15)(S)-2-溴-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (16)(S)-2-氯-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (17)(S)-2-乙烯基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (18)(S)-2-羟乙基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (19)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (20)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (21)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (22)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (23)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (24)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (25)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (26)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (27)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (28)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (29)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-甲酰基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (30)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-羟甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (31)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-氨甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (32)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-乙酰氨基甲基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (33)(S)-2,10-二氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (34)(S)-2,10-二乙酰氨基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪
    (35)2,3-二氰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (36)2,3-氨二甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (37)(S)-2,10-二氰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (38)(S)-2,10-二氨甲酰基-3,9-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (39)2,3-二氨甲酰基-9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (40)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
    (41)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-3,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉-2(1H)-硫酮;
    (42)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
    (43)(S)-4,10,11-三甲氧基-1,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-h]异喹啉;
    (44)9,10-二甲氧基-1,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢咪唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉并[3,2-a]异喹啉;
    (45)9,10-二甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉;
    (46)9,10-二甲氧基-3,5,6,8,13,13a-六氢-2H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[4,5-g]异喹啉-2-酮;
    (47)10,11-二甲氧基-4,6,7,9,14,14a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[3,2-g]异喹啉-3(2H)-酮;
    (48)10,11-二甲氧基-7,9,14,14a-四氢-6H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉;
    (49)10,11-二甲氧基-6,7,14,14a-四氢-1H-异喹啉并[3,2-a]恶唑并[5,4-h]异喹啉-2(9H)-酮;
    (50)11,12-二甲氧基-3,7,8,10,15,15a-六氢异喹啉并[3,2-a][1,4]恶嗪并[2,3-h]异喹啉-2(1H)-酮;
    (51)(S)-2-(二氟甲氧基)-3,9,10-三甲氧基-9-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (52)(S)-2-烯丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (53)(S)-2-环丙氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (54)(S)-2-环戊氧基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (55)(S)-3,9-二甲氧基-2,10-二羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (56)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-羟乙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (57)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (58)(S)-2,3,10-三甲氧基-9-环戊氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (59)(S)-2,3,9-三甲氧基-10-环丙氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪;
    (60)(S)-2-甲磺酰氨基-3,9,10-三甲氧基-6,8,13,13a-四氢-5H-二苯并[a,g]喹嗪。
  7. 权利要求1~6中任一项所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物的制备方法,其选自如下方法之一:
    方法一:以含有酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱为原料,和烷基化试剂经烷基化反应得到目标化合物;
    方法二:以含酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱(I-1a)~(I-4a)为原料,在碱存在下和磺酰化试剂反应得到化合物(I-1b)~(I-4b);(I-1b)~(I-4b)化合物和偶联试剂经偶联反应得到式(I-1)~(I-4)化合物,如反应式1~4所示:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100004
    其中,R2选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    或者:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100005
    其中,R5选自卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1~R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    或者:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100006
    其中,R2、R6同时选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5为C1~C6烷氧基;
    或者:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100007
    其中,R2、R3同时选自氢、卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、氨基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、苄氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R4选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    反应式1~4中的L代表离去基团,选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基;
    方法三:以四氢原小檗碱I-5a为原料,经多步反应得到式(I-5)化合物,如反应式5所示:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100008
    所述方法三包括以下步骤:
    1)式(I-5a)化合物在碱存在下和磺酰化试剂反应生成式(I-5b)化合物;
    2)式(I-5b)化合物和偶联试剂反应得到式(I-5c)化合物;
    3)式(I-5c)发生脱苄基反应得到式(I-5d)化合物;
    4)式(I-5d)在碱存在下在溶剂中发生烷基化反应得到式(I-5)化合物;
    其中,R6选自卤素、C1~C6烷硫基、C1~C6烷基、C3~C6环烷基、C2~C6链烯基、C2~C6炔基、被C1~C6烷基取代的氨基、氰基、羧基、醛基、C1~C6烷酰基;R1、R3、R5选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R2为C1~C6烷氧基;L代表离去基团,选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基;
    方法四:以含酚羟基取代的四氢原小檗碱式(I-6a)~(I-9a)化合物为原料,经硝化、还原、关环反应制备得到式(I-6)~(I-9)化合物,如以下反应式6-9所示:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100009
    其中,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100011
    所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;R3选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    或者:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100012
    其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的 苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100014
    所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    或者,
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100015
    其中,R3与R4与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100016
    R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    或者,
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100017
    其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100018
    R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    方法五:以式(I-10a)或(I-7a)为原料,经多步反应分别制备得到式(I-10)或(I-11)化合物,如反应式10和11所示:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100019
    其中,R1与R2与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯 并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100020
    L代表离去基团,选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基;R3选自氢或C1~C6烷氧基;R5和R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    或者:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100021
    其中,R2与R3与相邻的苯环一起形成含1~4个取代基取代的或未取代的苯并[5~6元单环杂环],所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、巯基、氨基、氧代、硫代、C1~C6烷基;所述杂环含有1至3个选自N、O、S的杂原子;所述苯并[5~6元单环杂环]选自:
    Figure PCTCN2018100340-appb-100022
    L代表离去基团,选自C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、卤代C1~C6烷基磺酰氧基、苯磺酰氧基、萘磺酰氧基;R5~R6为C1~C6烷氧基;
    所述方法五包括以下步骤:
    1)式(I-10a)或(I-7a)化合物和硝化试剂发生邻位硝化反应生成式(I-10b)或(I-7b)化合物;
    2)式(I-10b)或(I-7b)化合物和磺酰化试剂在碱存在下在合适的溶剂中反应得到式(I-10c)或(I-11a)化合物;
    3)式(I-10c)或(I-11a)化合物和卞胺发生Buchwald-Hartig反应得到式(I-10d)或(I-11b)化合物;
    4)式(I-10d)或(I-11b)化合物发生还原反应得到式(I-10e)或(I-11c)化合物;
    5)式(I-10e)或(I-11c)化合物通过关环反应得到式(I-10)或(I-11)化合物;
    方法六:
    由方法一至五所得到的式(I-1)~(I-11)化合物进行官能团转化得到。
  8. 权利要求1~6中任一项所述的四氢原小檗碱类化合物,其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体及其混合物,以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物,在制备预防和/或治疗中枢神经系统疾病的药物中的应用。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用途,其特征在于:所述中枢神经系统疾病选自精神分裂症;难控制的、难处理的或慢性精神分裂症;情感紊乱;精神紊乱;情绪紊乱;I型双极情感障碍;II型双极情感障碍;抑郁症;内因性抑郁症;重性抑郁症;难控制的抑郁症;情绪恶劣性障碍;循环情感性障碍;恐慌发作;惊恐性障碍;社交恐惧症;强迫性观念与行为病症;冲动性病症;创伤后精神紧张性障碍;焦虑症;急性应激障碍;癔病;神经性厌食症;适应性障碍;认知障碍;自闭症;神经性头痛;狂躁症;帕金森症;亨廷顿舞蹈症;阿尔茨海默症;痴呆症;记忆障碍;多动症;药物成瘾;睡眠障碍;注意力缺乏/亢进类疾病和抽动症。
  10. 一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的权利要求1~6中任一项所述通式(I)所示的四氢原小檗碱类化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、以及其药学上可接受的盐、结晶水合物及溶剂合物中的一种或几种混合物,和任选的可药用载体。
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