CN109384356B

CN109384356B - Water quality purification and water landscape system

Info

Publication number: CN109384356B
Application number: CN201811315330.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王松林; 黄开年; 杨红春; 王汉宇; 傅冬; 于长江
Original assignee: China Construction Eco Environmental Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Construction Eco Environmental Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-06
Filing date: 2018-11-06
Publication date: 2024-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-06
Also published as: CN109384356A

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a water quality purification and water landscape system, comprising a pavement and a filtering dam arranged in a water area, wherein a water area planting area is enclosed between the pavement and a water bank of a water area and/or between the pavement and the pavement, the filtering dam is arranged in the water area planting area and divides the water area planting area into a plurality of submerged plant display areas, and each submerged plant display area is planted with a submerged plant; an underwater space is formed between the bottom of the footpath and the bottom of the water area, and biological fillers for growing microorganisms are arranged in the underwater space. The water quality purifying and water body landscape system has the scientific education function of submerged plants and the water quality purifying function.

Description

Water quality purification and water landscape system

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of water ecological management, and in particular, to a water quality purification and water landscape system.

Background

In the construction of urban greenbelts, parks and sponge cities, landscape lakes, landscape ponds, rainwater gardens and recessed greenbelts are continuously emerging. Most of urban landscape water bodies are stationary or semi-closed slow-flow water bodies with poor fluidity, and generally have the characteristics of small water area, easiness in pollution, small water environment capacity, low self-cleaning capacity of the water bodies and the like. In addition, the higher urban surface runoff pollution is collected, so that the eutrophication of the water body is extremely easy to cause, even the black and odorous water body is caused, and the function of the original landscape water body is lost.

At present, an aquatic ecological comprehensive restoration technology is often adopted to improve and restore the internal environment of a landscape water body, and the virtuous circle of an aquatic animal and plant ecological system is restored to improve the self-cleaning capability of the water body. The aquatic plants not only have higher ornamental value, but also can absorb, decompose, filter and transform water pollutants, increase the dissolved oxygen of the water, provide good habitat and breeding ground for aquatic animals, inhibit harmful algae breeding and inhibit secondary release of nutrient salts in bottom mud into the water so as to be beneficial to balance of the aquatic ecological environment and play a role in purifying water quality.

In the ecological treatment process of lakes, landscape ponds and other water, the comprehensive treatment of the water body by utilizing the construction technology of the water ecological system has the following four defects: 1. the method is used for displaying ornamental value without scientific popularization, and the submerged plants on the engineering are few in variety and are mixed and mixed; 2. the auxiliary measures of the water quality purification project are few, and the pollution-resistant load of an ecological system is low; 3. the space utilization rate is low, and the biomass of aquatic plants and microorganisms is less because of the limitation of external environmental conditions; 4. after the water ecological system is built, the management or equipment use and maintenance cost is high, and long-term operation cannot be kept.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure is directed to solving at least one of the problems set forth in the background art above, and provides a water quality purification and water landscape system.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present disclosure provides a water quality purifying and water body landscape system, the system comprising a pavement and a filtering dam arranged in a water area, wherein a water area planting area is enclosed between the pavement and a water bank of a water area and/or between the pavement and the pavement, the filtering dam is arranged in the water area planting area and divides the water area planting area into a plurality of submerged plant display areas, and one submerged plant is planted in each submerged plant display area; an underwater space is formed between the bottom of the footpath and the bottom of the water area, and biological fillers for growing microorganisms are arranged in the underwater space.

Optionally, the submerged plants planted in each submerged plant display area are selected from one of kusnezoff monkshood, spike foxtail, pink foxtail, goldfish algae, leaf black algae, large-leaf algae, small-leaf algae, potamogeton crispus, waterweed, malaytea, phyllostachys pubescens, leonurus gracilis and microdootheca; the planting density of the submerged plant is 60-120 plants/m ² The coverage rate of submerged plants accounts for 30-45% of the area of the water planting area.

Optionally, the filter dam comprises an outer frame and filler particles disposed in the outer frame;

the filter dam further comprises a foundation layer arranged below the outer frame;

the filler particles are selected from one or more of limestone, steel slag, crushed stone, gravel, zeolite and ceramsite, and the particle size of the filler particles is 20-40mm;

the outer frame is composed of a steel wire mesh and/or a lead wire mesh;

the outer frame is also provided with a bag body for filling the filler particles;

if the filtering dam is positioned at the rainwater collecting inlet of the water area, the filtering dam is distributed in an arc shape by taking the rainwater collecting inlet as the center, the radius of the arc is 2-5 meters, the filtering dam is 10-30cm lower than the water surface, and the aspect ratio is 1: (1-3); if the filtering dam is not positioned at the rainwater collecting inlet of the water area, the height of the filtering dam is 20-30cm, and the aspect ratio is 1: (2-4).

Optionally, the pavement comprises a pillar arranged on the bottom of the water area and a pavement body arranged on the pillar for walking.

Optionally, the system further comprises a fixing member for fixing the biological filler, wherein the fixing member is a submerged stone immersed in the bottom of the water area and/or a bracket connected with the support column.

Optionally, the pavement is further provided with a kiosk for resting.

Optionally, the system further comprises an emergent aquatic plant layer arranged in a water area at the edge of the water bank, wherein emergent plants in the emergent plant layer are selected from one or more of rush, reed, typha, yellow calamus, allium mongolicum, lythrum, murraya koenigii, cane shoot, cress, iris coreana, haloxylon, arundo donax and canna.

Optionally, a water ecological area is arranged in the water area of the footpath far away from the water bank; the water ecological area sequentially comprises an open water plant layer and a submerged plant layer from top to bottom, and an animal layer arranged between the open water plant layer and the submerged plant layer.

Optionally, the open water plants in the open water plant layer are water lily and/or lotus, the submerged plant in the submerged plant layer is selected from one or more of herba Sonchi Oleracei, foliumet alexinifolia, sargassum horneri, sargassum gracile, sargassum horneri, herba Malloti Apeltae, herba Lophatheri, herba Centipedae, and herba Centipedae;

optionally, the animals in the animal layer are selected from one or more of vegetarian fish, meat fish, omnivorous fish and benthic fish, the vegetarian fish is silver carp and/or bighead carp, the meat fish is selected from one or more of snakehead, catfish, weever, mandarin fish and yellow catfish, the omnivorous fish is selected from migratory fish and/or butan fish, and the benthic animal is selected from one or more of strongylodes papyrifera, hyriopsis cumingii, hyriopsis variegata and freshwater shrimp.

The water quality purification and water landscape system has the following advantages:

(1) The submerged plants have good ornamental value and purify the water quality of the water area. The water area is divided into a plurality of areas by adopting the filtering dams, and different submerged plants are planted in each area, so that the public can increase science popularization cognition of the submerged plants while visiting sceneries; meanwhile, the filter dam has the adsorption and removal effects on phosphate pollutants in a water area, and has the effects of purifying water quality and reducing pollution.

(2) The underwater space utilization rate is high, and the pollution-resistant load of the water area ecological system is high. The biological filler is arranged in the underwater space of the footpath, thereby not only fully utilizing the water area space below the footpath, but also providing a growing place for the propagation of microorganisms and improving the anti-pollution load of the water area ecological system.

Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain, but do not limit the disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a water quality purification and water landscape system provided by the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a top view of one embodiment of a water quality purification and water landscape system provided by the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a filter dam provided by the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

1 waters 11 waters planting area 100 coasts

111 submerged plant display area

2 filter dam 21 outer frame 22 filler particles

23 bag 24 foundation layer

3-step 31 strut 32-step body

33 pavilion

4 space under water

5 biological packing 51 fixing piece

6 emerging plant layers

7 aquatic ecoregion 71 open water plant layer 72 submerged plant layer

73 animal layer

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the disclosure, are not intended to limit the disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present disclosure provides a water quality purification and water landscape system, which includes a pavement 3 and a filtering dam 2 disposed in a water area 1, a water planting area 11 enclosed between the pavement 3 and a water bank 100 of the water area 1 and/or between the pavement 3 and the pavement 3, the filtering dam 2 disposed in the water planting area 11 and dividing the water planting area 11 into a plurality of submerged plant display areas 111, each submerged plant display area 111 being planted with a submerged plant; an underwater space 4 is formed between the bottom of the footpath 3 and the bottom of the water area 1, and a biological filler 5 for growing microorganisms is arranged in the underwater space 4.

The submerged plant is a large aquatic plant with plant bodies all located below a water layer, and the biological filler can be one or more selected from combined filler, three-dimensional elastic filler, porous suspended ball filler and active biological filler, for example, artificial medium aquatic weed.

In the water quality purification and water landscape system, the water area planting area 11 is divided into a plurality of submerged plant display areas 111 by adopting the filtering dams 2, so that the public can more intuitively know and learn submerged plants while enjoying landscapes, and the system has the function of science popularization education; meanwhile, the biological filler 5 is arranged below the footpath, so that the underwater space 4 below the footpath is fully utilized, and a place is provided for microorganism propagation. The self-cleaning capability of the ecological environment of the water area is improved through the decomposition of the pollutants by the microorganisms, meanwhile, the secretion generated by the microorganisms can play a role in biological flocculation, so that the sedimentation of the particulate matters in the water area is enhanced, and the ecological environment of the water area is improved.

A practical matter of the present disclosureIn an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, each submerged plant display area 111 is separately planted with a submerged plant, and the submerged plant may be selected from one of a grass of picrasma, a spike of foxtail, a powder of foxtail, a goldfish algae, a leaf of black algae, a large leaf of algae, a small leaf of algae, a water caltrop, an illidium, a malassezia, a bamboo leaf of the plant, a comb of the plant, and a micro tooth of the plant. The submerged plants can be planted by adopting manual planting, cutting or soil pressing and throwing method, and the planting density can be 60-120 plants/m for enabling the submerged plants to sufficiently grow and reproduce ² Too large planting density can cause too small nutrition area and insufficient illumination; too small planting area affects ornamental aesthetics, and the preservation rate of plants is low; submerged plant coverage may be 30-45% of the area of the water planting area 11. Different submerged plants are planted in different submerged plant display areas 111 in a separated mode, so that scientific research and display propaganda and education of single submerged plants are facilitated, and the ornamental value of the submerged plants is enhanced through separate planting of the submerged plants.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, the filtering dam 2 includes an outer frame 21 and filler particles 22 disposed in the outer frame 21, wherein the filler particles 22 may be filler particles conventionally used by those skilled in the art, for example, may be selected from one or more of limestone, steel slag, crushed stone, gravel, zeolite, and ceramsite, and the filler particles 22 may have a particle size of 20-40mm, and the filler particles 22 within the above particle size range may sufficiently exert a purifying effect on water quality; the outer frame 21 may be composed of wire mesh and/or lead wire mesh.

The filtering dam 2 may further include a foundation layer 24 disposed below the outer frame 21, and the outer frame 21 may be fixedly or detachably connected to the upper side of the foundation layer 24, and the foundation layer 24 may be formed by stacking bricks or stones. In order to avoid that fine filler particles of the filler particles are washed out by the water flow and fall out of the outer frame 21, which affects the water landscape, a bag body 23, such as an ecological bag, for filling the filler particles 22 may be provided in the outer frame 21.

If the filtering dam 2 is positioned at the rainwater collecting inlet of the water area 1, in order to avoid damage caused by impact of rainwater collection on the dam body, the filtering dam 2 is distributed in an arc shape by taking the rainwater collecting inlet as the center so as to reduce the impact strength of water flow. Preferably, the radius of the arc may be 2-5 meters, the filter dam 2 may be 10-30cm below the water surface, and the aspect ratio may be 1: (1-3), further, planting emergent aquatic plants at the rainwater inlet of the filtering dam 2 to reduce impact disturbance of the incoming water on the bottom surface of the water area 1 and have the effect of helping to settle sand grains and suspended matters in the incoming water, wherein the emergent aquatic plants can be one or more selected from rush, reed, typha, yellow calamus, allium mongolicum, lythrum, british, zizania latifolia, cress, iris coreana, haloxylon, arundo donax and canna; if the filtering dam 2 is not located at the rainwater collecting inlet of the water area 1, the height of the filtering dam 2 can be 20-30cm, and the aspect ratio can be 1: (2-4).

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pavement 3 includes a pillar 31 disposed on the bottom of the water area 1 and a pavement body 32 disposed on the pillar 31 for walking, and a kiosk 33 for resting is further disposed on the pavement.

In order to avoid shaking or falling losses of the bio-filler in the water area 1 due to water flow flushing, the system of the present disclosure may further comprise a fixing member 51 for fixing the bio-filler 5, which may be a submerged stone and/or a bracket connected to the support 31, submerged in the bottom of the water area 1.

The system of the present disclosure does not need to provide an aeration device for aerating the biological packing 5, and provides a lot of dissolved oxygen for the water area due to the light and action of the submerged plants, creates an oxygen-enriched environment for the microorganisms to promote the growth and propagation thereof, thereby being beneficial to purifying the water body.

The system of the present disclosure further comprises an emergent aquatic plant layer 6 disposed in the water area 1 at the edge of the water bank 100, wherein emergent aquatic plants refer to aquatic plants in which roots and rhizomes of plants grow in the sediment of water and stems and leaves emerge from the water surface, for example, emergent aquatic plants may be selected from one or more of rush, reed, typha, yellow calamus, allium mongolicum, lythrum, murraya koenigii, wild rice stem, cress, iris yellow, haloxylon, reed canary, and canna. Specifically, the emergent aquatic plants can be arranged in a sheet mode and/or in a multipoint mode according to plant heights and adaptability to water depths of the emergent aquatic plants, wherein the water depth adaptability of the flowers, reeds, arundo donax and canna aquatica can reach 30-80cm; the water depth adaptability of rhizoma Acori Graminei, herba Alii Fistulosi, typha, caulis Zizaniae Caduciflorae and herba Lythri can be 30-60cm; the water depth adaptability of Iris coreana, halona, rush and Oenanthe Javanica can be 20-50cm.

In one embodiment of the disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, a water ecological area 7 is arranged in a water area 1 of a pavement 3 far away from a water bank 100; the aquatic ecoregion 7 includes, in order from top to bottom, an open water plant layer 71, a submerged plant layer 72, and an animal layer 73 disposed between the open water plant layer 71 and the submerged plant layer 72.

Wherein, the open water plant is the aquatic plant which is grown in shallow water, leaves float on the water surface and roots grow in the subsoil, the open water plant in the open water plant layer 71 can be water lily and/or lotus, the open water plant is preferably a planting method of potted plant transplanting, and a large amount of water surface space is occupied for avoiding mass propagation of the open water plant, so that photosynthesis of the submerged water plant is limited, and algae propagation is flooded; the submerged plant in the submerged plant layer 72 may be selected from one or more of herba Sonchi Oleracei, alternaria verrucosa, alternaria glabra, alternaria officinalis, alternaria glabra, alternaria sieboldii and Alternaria microphylla.

The animals in the animal layer 73 are selected from one or more of vegetarian fish, meat fish, omnivorous fish and benthic animals, wherein the vegetarian fish is silver carp and/or bighead carp, the omnivorous fish is selected from one or more of snakehead fish, catfish, weever, mandarin fish and yellow catfish, the omnivorous fish is selected from migratory fish and/or butanid fish, preferably, the fish throwing proportion can be 40-50 wt% of omnivorous fish, 30-40 wt% of edible fish and 10-30 wt% of omnivorous fish based on the weight of all fish in the water ecological region 7. When the biomass of benthonic animals in the water area is 15g/m ² The benthonic animals can be appropriately put in the method, and can be selected from one or more of the group consisting of concha arctii, hyriopsis cumingii and shrimp, and phytoplankton and suspended matters can be effectively controlled and settled by the filtering, feeding and secretion flocculation of the benthonic animals, so that the transparency of water is increased, and nutritive salt is reducedThe content is as follows.

The present disclosure is further described below by way of examples, but the present disclosure is not thereby limited in any way.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment is a construction scheme of the water quality purification and water body landscape system of the landscape pond applied to a certain place, the whole scheme mainly builds a submerged plant display area while constructing a water ecological self-purification system, after the construction of the system is completed in the construction period, the main water quality index of the landscape pond is superior to the surface water class iii water standard, the water body transparency is greater than 1.8 meters, and people can enjoy the scenery of the submerged plant underwater forest on a footpath.

The system in the embodiment comprises a pavement 3 and a filtering dam 2 which are arranged in the water, wherein a water planting area 11 is defined between the pavement and a water bank 100, the filtering dam 2 divides the water planting area 11 into a plurality of submerged plant display areas 111, and a pavilion for people to rest is arranged on the pavement. Among the submerged plants planted in the different submerged plant display areas 111 are: the planting density of 14 kinds of the components of the gynura divaricata, the spinosa, the quassia divaricata, the africana spica, the water caltrop, the black algae of the leaf, the large-leaf algae, the small-leaf algae and the waterweed is 80 plants/m ² The submerged plants cover 30% of the area of the water planting area 11. The filtering dam 2 at the rainwater collecting inlet is arc-shaped, the radius of the arc-shaped is 3 meters, and the filtering dam 2 is 20cm lower than the water surface; the filtering dam 2 which is not arranged at the rainwater collecting inlet is 30cm in height and 60cm in width, takes bricks as a basic layer, is detachably connected with an external frame made of steel wire gauze, and is filled with geotechnical bags filled with limestone, steel slag and slag, wherein the particle size of the limestone is 35mm, and the particle sizes of the steel slag and the slag are 40mm.

The edge of the water bank 100 is also planted with emergent aquatic plants including rush, reed, typha, yellow calamus, allium mongolicum, lythrum, flowers, cress, iris, haloxylon, canna, and the like, and is matched with the water fir and other arbors in the bank to enrich the ornamental value of the bank.

A water ecological area 7 is also arranged in the water area 1 of the footpath 3 far away from the water bank 100, an open water plant 71 layer is arranged in the upper layer of the water ecological area 7, and lotus and water lily are planted in the open water plant 71 layer; the lower layer is provided with submerged plant layer 72, in which Dactylis lobata, chlorella, potamogeton crispus, isodon japonicus and Embelliferae are planted; benthonic animals and fishes are also bred in the water ecological area, wherein the bred benthonic animals have pear-shaped ring snails, patina ring snails and hyriopsis cumingii which grow in river channels, and the bred fishes include silver carp, bighead carp, snakehead, mandarin fish, ding-year fish and pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

The system of the embodiment is also provided with biological filler, wherein the biological filler is suspended and fixed on the strut 31 of the footpath 3 through a bracket by using soft filler, and the biological filler is porous suspension ball filler.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, the specific features described in the foregoing embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure does not further describe various possible combinations.

Moreover, any combination between the various embodiments of the present disclosure is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure, which should also be construed as the disclosure of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The water quality purification and water landscape system is characterized by comprising a pavement (3) and a filtering dam (2) which are arranged in a water area (1), wherein a water area planting area (11) is surrounded between the pavement (3) and a water bank (100) of the water area (1) and/or between the pavement (3) and the pavement (3), the filtering dam (2) is arranged in the water area planting area (11) and divides the water area planting area (11) into a plurality of submerged plant display areas (111), and one submerged plant is planted in each submerged plant display area (111); an underwater space (4) is formed between the bottom of the footpath (3) and the bottom of the water area (1), and a biological filler (5) for growing microorganisms is arranged in the underwater space (4);

the filter dam (2) comprises an outer frame (21) and filler particles (22) arranged in the outer frame (21);

the filtering dam (2) further comprises a base layer (24) arranged below the outer frame (21);

the filler particles (22) are selected from one or more of limestone, steel slag, crushed stone, gravel, zeolite and ceramsite, and the particle size of the filler particles (22) is 20-40mm;

the outer frame (21) is formed by a steel wire mesh and/or a lead wire mesh;

the outer frame (21) is also provided with a bag body (23) for filling the filler particles (22);

if the filtering dam (2) is positioned at the rainwater collecting inlet of the water area (1), the filtering dam (2) is distributed in an arc shape by taking the rainwater collecting inlet as the center, the radius of the arc shape is 2-5 meters, the filtering dam (2) is 10-30cm lower than the water surface, and the aspect ratio is 1: (1-3); if the filtering dam (2) is not positioned at the rainwater collecting inlet of the water area (1), the height of the filtering dam (2) is 20-30cm, and the aspect ratio is 1: (2-4);

the system does not require aeration equipment for aerating the biological filler (5);

the system also comprises an emergent aquatic plant layer (6) arranged in the water area (1) at the edge of the water bank (100);

a water ecological area (7) is arranged in the water area (1) of the footpath (3) far away from the water bank (100); the water ecological area (7) sequentially comprises an open water plant layer (71) and a submerged plant layer (72) from top to bottom, and an animal layer (73) arranged between the open water plant layer (71) and the submerged plant layer (72);

the planting density of the submerged plant is 60-120 plants/m ² The coverage rate of submerged plants accounts for 30-45% of the area of the water planting area (11).

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the submerged plants planted in each of the submerged plant display areas (111) are selected from one of the group consisting of kukola, spica, feverfew, goldfish, black algae, chaetoceros, chlorella, potamogeton, watercress, waterweed, malaytea, potentilla anserina, caspula, and microphynchus.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the walkway (3) comprises a pillar (31) arranged on the bottom of the body of water (1) and a walkway body (32) arranged on the pillar (31) for walking.

4. A system according to claim 3, characterized in that the system further comprises a fixing element (51) for fixing the biological filler (5), which fixing element is a submerged stone at the bottom of the water body (1) and/or a bracket connected to the support column (31).

5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the walkway (3) is further provided with a kiosk (33) for rest.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the emerging plants in the emerging plant layer (6) are selected from one or more of rush, reed, typha, yellow grassleaf, allium mongolicum, lythrum, brix zizaniae, zizania latifolia, cress, iris, halofop, arundo donax and canna.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the open water plants in the open water plant layer (71) are water lily and/or lotus, and the submerged plants in the submerged plant layer (72) are selected from one or more of the group consisting of kukola, spica, feverfew, goldfish, black algae, chaetoceros, small algae, potamogeton crispus, waterweed, malaytea, phyllostachys, leonurus pectinus and microtooth euglena.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the animals in the animal layer (73) are selected from one or more of vegetarian fish, carnivorous fish, omnivorous fish and benthic animals, the vegetarian fish being one or more of silver carp and/or bighead carp, the carnivorous fish being selected from one or more of snakehead, catfish, weever, mandarin fish and pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the omnivorous fish being selected from one or more of migratory fish and/or butan fish, the benthic animals being selected from one or more of strongylodes lanceolatus, hyriopsis cumingii, phyllostachys plicata and shrimp.