CN109373959A - A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109373959A CN109373959A CN201811502126.3A CN201811502126A CN109373959A CN 109373959 A CN109373959 A CN 109373959A CN 201811502126 A CN201811502126 A CN 201811502126A CN 109373959 A CN109373959 A CN 109373959A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 206010001541 Akinesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system and detection methods, belong to train wheel detection technique field.Dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, the direction successively preposition mechanism of in-orbit installation and testing agency are put in storage along train, wherein, preposition mechanism is for detecting the wheel rim height of wheel to be detected, testing agency is used to carry out on-line checking to the circular runout of wheel, flat sliding and abrasion, testing agency and preposition mechanism are connected with control system control, and the start and stop of testing agency and preposition mechanism are controlled by control system.Real-time and Dynamic Detection can be carried out to train wheel flat, circular runout and out-of-roundness under train high-speed cruising state using technical solution of the present invention, its detection accuracy is higher, stability is good, and the elemental height of testing agency can be adjusted, so as to meet the testing requirements of the different high wheels of wheel rim.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to train wheel detection technique fields, exist more specifically to a kind of railway train wheel tread defect
Line dynamic detection system and detection method.
Background technique
Train wheel is one of most important running part of rail traffic vehicles, and the operating status taken turns pair directly affects train
Traffic safety.Train in the process of running, along with high speed and heavy duty, the wheel of train to subject very big dynamic load,
Easily occur flat sliding, removing, non-round phenomenon on wheel tread.Wherein the tyre tread refers to that wheel is in contact with rail surface
Excircle, have constant slope.The flat sliding is caused by being slided as wheel, wheel tread when wheel sliding
The part contacted with rail at fixed friction face, it and rail continuous frictional and make that part plan mill occurs on wheel tread
Consumption forms scratch.The shelled tread refers to since wheel tread surface long term is run by uneven in temperature or constant impingement etc.
Caused by material falls back.The tyre tread circular runout refers to the maximum difference with minimum diameter on wheel tread cross section；It is described
Tyre tread out-of-roundness, be as above-mentioned all phenomenons as caused by flat sliding, shelled tread etc., also referred to as ovality or lose circularity.
The above-mentioned thread defect of Railway wheelset can bring in operation additional impact vibration to train, lead to train operation
Quality decline, abrasion aggravation, to influence the safety and service life of train and orbital facilities, result even in axle fracture,
Wheel is collapsed, is caused a serious accident.Therefore, the detection of tire tread defects is for guaranteeing that the traffic safety of train has important meaning
Justice.Most of detection of China's wheel tread defect at present also rests on section and repairs under state by technical staff using mechanical calliper
Or measuring scale measures, and is not only worked using the measurement of these mechanical implements loaded down with trivial details, large labor intensity is affected by the surrounding environment
Greatly, artificial measurement error can't be eliminated, therefore its measurement accuracy is low, measurement efficiency is not high.Dynamic on-line monitoring refers to column
The real-time online measuring that vehicle is carried out when operating normally on rail, on-line checking is not due to Automatic survey degree height, accounting for
The features such as with the rolling stock turnaround time and convenient for storage wheel information data, and it is increasingly subject to attention both domestic and external.
Through retrieving, the patent report about railway train wheel tread defects detection has more disclosure, but existing wheel tread
Defect dynamic measuring mechanism generallys use parallelogram sturcutre, and the structural stability of the testing agency is relatively poor, detection
Precision still needs to be further increased.Such as, Chinese patent CN96216065.2 discloses a kind of train wheel flat and abrasion
Dynamic measurement device, the device are made of two sets or two sets or more of parallelogram mechanism and corresponding displacement sensor
Train wheel flat and wear measurement unit and signal processing unit composition, parallelogram mechanism by plate, branch
Bar, rail, spring, support, bearing connect into.In practical applications, which has the following problems: when train wheel just with column
In vehicle wheel tread flat and wear measurement unit parallelogram mechanism plate contact when, wheel easily to the mechanism bring compared with
Big impact and vibration causes plate to be instantaneously detached from wheel rim, loses measuring basis, leads to test leakage and accidentally surveys, influences to survey
The accuracy of amount.In addition to this, which is unable to control parallelogram in train wheel flat and wear measurement unit
The plate height of mechanism, when wheel rim height is different caused by encountering because of abrasion, it is understood that there may be wheel rim and the plate are contactless or contact
Excessively, so as to cause no measurement result or on mechanism cause it is biggish shock and influence measurement even mechanical shocks can be damaged
Problem.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
It is an object of the invention to overcome problem above existing for existing railway train wheel tread defects detection, and provide one
Kind railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system and detection method.It can be in train high speed using technical solution of the present invention
Real-time and Dynamic Detection is carried out to train wheel flat, circular runout and out-of-roundness under operating status, detection accuracy is higher,
Stability is good, and the elemental height of testing agency can be adjusted, so as to meet the detection of the different high wheels of wheel rim
It is required that causing biggish impact to testing agency when preventing wheel quick washing testing agency.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention is put in storage direction successively in-orbit peace along train
Fill preposition mechanism and testing agency, wherein for detecting to the wheel rim height of wheel to be detected, testing agency is used for preposition mechanism
On-line checking is carried out in circular runout, flat sliding and the abrasion to wheel, and testing agency and preposition mechanism are and control system
Control is connected, and the start and stop of testing agency and preposition mechanism are controlled by control system.
Further, preposition device front end is located on the inside of the track and is additionally provided with trigger unit, which includes
Spaced first magnet steel and the second magnet steel on the inside of track；Further, the testing agency is symmetrically arranged on double
On the inside of siding track, and quantity >=2 of the same side testing agency.
Further, the testing agency includes being installed on the activity that lateral edge track length direction is distributed in track
Plate, fixed plate and sensing unit are connected between the movable plate and fixed plate by sliding track mechanism and elastic mechanism, described
Sensing unit is used for the pushing displacement to movable plate and measures comprising the tablet being fixedly linked with movable plate, Yi Jiwei
The displacement sensor or the two installation site being fixedly mounted above or below tablet exchange；The movable plate also with
Lift drive mechanism is connected.
Further, the lift drive mechanism includes motor, lead screw, feed screw nut and feed screw nut seat, wherein electricity
The output shaft of machine is fixedly linked with lead screw one end, and the lead screw other end passes through feed screw nut and is connected with feed screw nut screw thread, the silk
Thick stick nut passes through feed screw nut seat, and feed screw nut seat is fixedly linked with movable plate.
Further, the motor is fixedly installed in fixed plate by motor mount, above the feed screw nut
It is fixedly installed with sensor installation seat, displacement sensor is installed on sensor installation seat, and tablet correspondence is installed on lead screw spiral shell
In base.Further, the sensor installation seat is fixed with the second sliding block close to the side of movable plate, fixes on movable plate
There are the second guide rail with the cooperation of the second sliding block, and sliding track mechanism between the installation direction and movable plate, fixed plate of the second guide rail
Installation direction is parallel.
Further, at least two sliding track mechanisms being parallel to each other are equipped between the movable plate and fixed plate, and sliding
Rail mechanism is obliquely installed relative to movable plate and fixed plate；The elastic mechanism includes elastic element, the both ends of elastic element
It is fixedly installed on movable plate and fixed plate respectively, and the installation direction of elastic element is parallel with sliding track mechanism；The fixed plate
It is fixedly installed on bottom plate, which is fixed in the bottom of track；The movable plate includes pedal and sliding panel, pedal
It is fixedly installed on sliding panel, and sliding track mechanism and elastic mechanism are mounted between sliding panel and fixed plate.
Further, the both ends of the movable plate are equipped with lasting damping mechanism, and it includes push rod that this, which continues damping mechanism,
Motor, wedge block, damping, damping pedestal and damping baffle, wherein the wedge block be movably installed on damping pedestal and with push away
Bar motor driven is connected, and the damping baffle is fixedly installed on movable plate, and the both ends movable supporting compacting of damping is kept off in damping
Between plate and wedge block.
Further, the push-rod electric machine and damping pedestal are fixedly installed in fixed plate, the motor of push-rod electric machine
Axis is fixedly linked by motor connection lever and wedge block；Damper Braces are also equipped in the fixed plate, the damping is across damping
Support.
Further, the same testing agency of structure of the preposition mechanism, the movable plate upper surface of the preposition mechanism is along column
It successively includes upward slope section, horizontal segment and lower slope section that vehicle, which is put in storage direction,.
A kind of railway train wheel tread circular runout, flat sliding and the method for wearing on-line dynamic measurement of the invention,
Process is as follows:
Step 1: train goes out to be put in storage judgement
The storage and outbound of train are judged by the trigger sequence of trigger unit, if train is storage, pass through control system
System controls preposition mechanism and testing agency's starting, is ready for wheel detection；If train is outbound, preposition mechanism and detection machine
Structure does not start；
Step 2: the wheel rim high detection of train wheel
When train be storage, and pass through preposition mechanism when, detected by wheel rim height of the preposition mechanism to train wheel,
And feed back to control system；
Step 3: the precompressed amount of testing agency's movable plate is adjusted
According to the testing result of preposition mechanism, lift drive mechanism operation is controlled by control system, thus to detection machine
The elemental height of movable plate is adjusted in structure, and when the precompressed amount of movable plate is in setting range, lift drive mechanism stops fortune
Row；
Step 4: the defects detection of train wheel
When train wheel passes through testing agency, by the testing agency to the tyre tread circular runout of train wheel, tyre tread
Scratch and abrasion are detected.
Further, when preposition mechanism detect second wheel wheel rim it is high when, first wheel not yet passes inspection
Mechanism is surveyed, each testing agency first judges whether first wheel has been moved off at this time, if first wheel has been moved off,
Testing agency is elevated to suitable position according to the wheel rim height of current location and second wheel；If first wheel not yet from
It opens, or not yet reaches the testing agency, then wait until that first wheel leaves rear testing agency and just start to go up and down.
3. beneficial effect
Using technical solution provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, including along train storage direction according to
The preposition mechanism of secondary in-orbit installation and testing agency detect by the wheel rim height that preposition mechanism treats detection train wheel and anti-
It feeds control system, the elemental height of testing agency is adjusted by control system control, so as to meet different wheels
The testing requirements of the high wheel of edge cause biggish impact to testing agency when preventing wheel quick washing testing agency, extend
The service life of mechanism, and influence of the impact vibration to detection accuracy is reduced, advantageously ensure that measurement accuracy.
(2) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, the track inside are located at preposition
Device front end is additionally provided with trigger unit, which includes spaced first magnet steel and the second magnet steel on the inside of track,
It may determine that the storage and outbound of train according to the trigger sequence of the first magnet steel and the second magnet steel, consequently facilitating determining preposition mechanism
Whether with the starting of testing agency.In addition, the setting by the first magnet steel and the second magnet steel can also be to the travel speed of train
It measures.
(3) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, the testing agency is symmetrically pacified
Loaded on the inside of bilateral track, and quantity >=2 of the same side testing agency, specifically to meet being detected as the entire tyre tread perimeter of wheel
Standard can satisfy the demand to the detection of front and back different wheel using this kind design, prevent previous wheel do not leave testing agency and
Latter wheel has entered influence of the testing agency to testing result.
(4) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, testing agency include being installed on
Movable plate, fixed plate and the sensing unit that lateral edge track length direction is distributed in track, movable plate can be rolled with train wheel
And be servo-actuated up and down, when train wheel presses upper mobile board, movable plate can generate pushing relative to fixed plate along sliding track mechanism
Movement, and when train wheel leaves movable plate, movable plate carries out return motion along sliding track mechanism upwards, so that displacement be driven to feel
It answers plate to move relative to displacement sensor, surveyed by displacement sensor and is displaced the variation of the distance between tablet, it can
On-line dynamic measurement is carried out with circular runout, flat sliding and the abrasion to railway train wheel tread, substantially increases measurement efficiency,
And the structural stability of its measurement accuracy and entire measuring device obtains obviously relative to existing parallelogram measuring mechanism
It improves.
(5) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, by elastic mechanism to movable plate
It is supported installation, therefore when train wheel leaves movable plate, movable plate and displacement can be made under the action of elastic mechanism
Tablet gradually automatically returns to home position, realizes servo-actuated between movable plate and wheel tread.
(6) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, the movable plate and fixed plate it
Between be equipped at least two sliding track mechanisms being parallel to each other, and sliding track mechanism is obliquely installed relative to movable plate and fixed plate, thus
Be conducive to further increase the stability of entire measuring device structure and operation, and wheel be effectively reduced, measuring mechanism is rushed
It hits, ensure that the accuracy of measurement result.
(7) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, passes through setting for lift drive mechanism
The elemental height of movable plate can be adjusted by setting, to meet the measurement request of the different high wheels of wheel rim.Meanwhile by right
The structure of lift drive mechanism optimizes, and optimizes to the installation site of tablet and displacement sensor, thus
On the one hand it is adjusted convenient for the position of movable plate, and its adjusting is more steady, is on the other hand also beneficial to improve whole device structure
Stability and measurement accuracy.
(8) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, the sensor installation seat are close
The side of movable plate is fixed with the second sliding block, the second guide rail with the cooperation of the second sliding block is fixed on movable plate, so as to have
Effect eliminates the gap between feed screw nut and movable plate, prevents feed screw nut from rotating the influence to measurement result.
(9) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention, the both ends of the movable plate are all provided with
There is lasting damping mechanism, is carried out by both ends of the damping mechanism to sliding panel persistently to power, so as to effectively prevent because stepping on
Board ends force unbalance causes sliding panel run-off the straight, and then is conducive to the standard for being further ensured that displacement sensor result
True property.
(10) a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring method of the invention, by preposition mechanism in advance to vehicle
The wheel rim height of wheel is detected, and then lift drive mechanism operation is controlled by control system, to movable plate in testing agency
Elemental height detected, so as to meet the testing requirements of the different high wheels of wheel rim, reduce the impact to movable plate and make
With.Meanwhile the present invention is optimized by the structure to testing agency, so as to effectively improve testing agency's structure
Stability and the accuracy of wheel tread circular runout, flat sliding and abrasion detection data, and it detects fast speed.At present
Existing contact method testing agency can only achieve the detection accuracy of 0.3mm, and when detecting train travel speed it is very low, and this
Invention can reach the detection accuracy of 0.1mm under the speed of 25km/h.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the in-orbit scheme of installation of dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of dynamic on-line monitoring system of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of preposition mechanism pedal of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic illustration of contact method tire tread defects dynamic on-line monitoring；
Fig. 5 is the integral installation structural schematic diagram (one) of testing agency of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the integral installation structural schematic diagram (two) of testing agency of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the fractionation structural representation (one) of testing agency of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the fractionation structural representation (two) of testing agency of the invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of guide rail mounting base of the invention；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of pressing plate of the invention；
Figure 11 is the fractionation structural representation (three) of testing agency of the invention；
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of lift drive mechanism of the invention；
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of lasting damping mechanism of the invention；
Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of the second sliding track mechanism of the invention.
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
1, track；2, pedal；201, upward slope section；202, horizontal segment；203, lower slope section；3, sliding panel；4, fixed plate；5, bottom
Plate；501, briquetting；6, elastic mechanism；601, the first fixed column；602, the second fixed column；7, wheel；801, the first sliding block；802,
First guide rail；803, guide rail mounting base；8031, guide rail mounting surface；8032, guide rail mounting hole；804, pressing plate；8041, claw；9,
Lift drive mechanism；901, motor；902, motor mount；903, feed screw nut；904, feed screw nut seat；905, sensor is pacified
Fill seat；906, lead screw；907, lead screw support base；908, the second sliding block；909, the second guide rail；1001, tablet；1002, it is displaced
Sensor；11, reinforcing rib；1201, the first magnet steel；1202, the second magnet steel；13, preposition mechanism；1401, push-rod electric machine；1402,
Push-rod electric machine seat；1403, motor connection lever；1404, pedestal is damped；1405, wedge block；1406, it damps；1407, Damper Braces；
1408, damping baffle；1501, the first testing agency；1502, the second testing agency；1503, third testing agency；1504, the 4th
Testing agency.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that the contents of the present invention, now in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, including enter along train
The preposition mechanism 13 and testing agency of library direction successively in-orbit installation, wherein preposition mechanism 13 is used for the wheel to wheel to be detected
Edge height is detected, and testing agency is used to carry out on-line checking, testing agency to the circular runout of wheel, flat sliding and abrasion
And preposition mechanism 13 is connected with control system control, and the start and stop of testing agency and preposition mechanism 13 are controlled by control system.
Innovative (train storage direction to the car) increase front end processor in front of testing agency of the detection system of the present embodiment
Structure is measured by the wheel rim height that preposition mechanism treats detection wheel, and according to institute measuring wheel edge is high and testing agency works as
The elemental height of testing agency is adjusted in front position, to guarantee that the precompressed amount of testing agency belongs to setting range, so as to
To the impact force of testing agency when enough reducing wheel quick washing testing agency, the service life of mechanism is extended, punching is reduced
Hit the influence vibrated to detection accuracy.So-called precompressed amount herein refers to that (Examples hereinafter refers specifically to live for testing agency on pressure wheel
Movable plate or pedal) when, the displacement for the vertical direction that testing agency generates.The testing agency of the present embodiment is contact method detection
Structure does not require the structure of preposition mechanism, and the existing high on-line measuring device of any wheel rim can be directly used, as long as
Can the wheel rim height to wheel detect.
Embodiment 2
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 1,
Difference essentially consists in: being located at preposition 13 front end of mechanism on the inside of the track and is additionally provided with trigger unit, which includes along rail
Spaced first magnet steel 1201 and the second magnet steel 1202 on the inside of road.
It may determine that the storage and outbound of train according to the trigger sequence of the first magnet steel 1201 and the second magnet steel 1202, thus
Whether starting convenient for determining preposition mechanism and testing agency.Specifically, when the trigger sequence of magnet steel is the first magnet steel 1201- the
When two magnet steel 1202, train is storage, preposition mechanism and testing agency's starting, is ready for wheel detection；When the triggering of magnet steel
When sequence is second magnet steel the first magnet steel 1201 of 1202-, train is outbound, and all testing agencies do not start, when train outbound, if
Standby not start, testing agency is in evacuation state, and wheel is not contacted with mechanism, when eliminating train outbound wheel and testing agency it
Between impact force and frictional force, not only protect mechanism, but also realize the automatic detection of equipment.Therefore, before by being mounted on equipment
The magnet steel at end can control the starting of equipment as outer triggering signal.Meanwhile passing through the first magnet steel 1201 and the second magnet steel
1202 installation can also be used to measuring car speed, when known to mounting distance, record the time interval that two magnet steel are triggered, so that it may
Train speed is calculated.
Embodiment 3
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 2,
Difference essentially consists in: the testing agency of the present embodiment is symmetrically arranged on the inside of bilateral track, and the quantity of the same side testing agency >=
2, and the length summation of every side testing agency is greater than the perimeter of wheel, can both guarantee to detect greater than wheel circumference in this way
Wheel tread circumferential direction data, while can satisfy the demand to the detection of front and back different wheel again, prevent previous wheel from not leaving inspection
Survey mechanism and latter wheel has entered influence of the testing agency to testing result.Wherein, first testing agency and preposition mechanism
13 maintain a certain distance, and wheel passes through this apart from when can satisfy used in testing agency's adjustment precompressed amount the time used
Between.
Embodiment 4
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 3,
Difference essentially consists in: in conjunction with figure 5-8, the testing agency of the present embodiment includes being installed on 1 length direction of lateral edge track in track 1
Movable plate, fixed plate 4 and the sensing unit of distribution pass through sliding track mechanism and elastic machine between the movable plate and fixed plate 4
Structure is connected, and the sensing unit includes the tablet 1001 being fixedly linked with movable plate, and is located at 1001 top of tablet
Or the displacement sensor 1002 or the two installation site of lower section fixed installation exchange.Wherein, sliding track mechanism is used for movable plate
Movement be oriented to, elastic mechanism is used to push mobile movable plate when leaving wheel returns back to initial position upwards.
The testing principle of tire tread defects in the present embodiment specifically: as described in Figure 4, train wheel includes tread portions
And rim section, tyre tread causes tyre tread to lose circle with rail contact abrasion for a long time, and wheel rim is not contacted with other objects, is still a mark
Director circle.Therefore, when wheel tread different location and rail contact, the distance on wheel rim vertex to rail surface is all different.This
Embodiment is by one movable plate of in-orbit installation, and when wheel 7 passes through, movable plate is remained and wheel rim apexes contact, movable plate
Downward displacement is generated under the pressure effect of wheel rim, and the displacement is with the difference of tyre tread and 1 contact point of track
And change, the variation that acquisition wheel 7 is displaced by movable plate during movable plate, it can depict wheel tread and lose circle feelings
Condition.
In the present embodiment after train wheel 7 presses upper mobile board, under the rolling effect of wheel 7, movable plate is along sliding rail machine
Structure is moved down relative to fixed plate, and the distance between tablet 1001 and displacement sensor 1002 change；And when column
When vehicle wheel leaves movable plate, elastic mechanism restoring force effect under movable plate along sliding track mechanism relative to fixed plate gradually to
Upper carry out return motion, to the distance between 1002 surveys of displacement sensor and tablet 1001 delta data
Reason, can be obtained circular runout, flat sliding and the wear data of railway train wheel tread, realizes the online of train wheel defect
Dynamic measures, and substantially increases measurement efficiency.The movement of movable plate is led by the setting of sliding track mechanism in the present embodiment
To relative to existing parallelogram measuring mechanism, the structural stability and detection accuracy of testing agency have obtained effectively mentioning
It is high.
Specifically, abraded if this wheel tread is not present, it is constant with respect to the upright position of rail in entire tyre tread perimeter,
The measured value of corresponding displacement sensor 1002 is relatively also constant；If otherwise this wheel tread there is scratch or abrasion is uneven, steps on
Relative altitude at the top of face to wheel rim is changed, then opposite variation also has occurred in the upright position of movable plate and rail, this
When displacement sensor 1002 measured value variable quantity be scratch amount size.Simultaneously by its measured value and new car without abrasion
Wheel compares, the abrasion loss of you can get it wheel tread.
Embodiment 5
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 4,
Difference essentially consists in: at least two sliding track mechanisms being parallel to each other, and sliding track mechanism are equipped between the movable plate and fixed plate 4
It is obliquely installed relative to movable plate and fixed plate 4, to be conducive to improve the structural soundness of whole device, and vehicle is effectively reduced
Take turns the percussion to measuring device.Sliding track mechanism there are two setting in the present embodiment, is located at the both ends of movable plate.Specifically
, the sliding track mechanism of the present embodiment includes the first sliding block 801 and the first guide rail 802, and the first sliding block 801 and the first guide rail 802 divide
It Dui Ying not be installed on movable plate and fixed plate 4, wherein fixed plate 4 is equipped with guide rail mounting base 803, and the first guide rail 802 is fixed
It is installed in guide rail mounting base 803.
For the ease of the installation of the first guide rail 802, as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10,803 top of guide rail mounting base in the present embodiment
Guide rail mounting surface 8031 be processed as the shape step structure side L and open wide, it is corresponding on guide rail mounting surface 8031 to be machined with guide rail installation
Hole 8032.Meanwhile the side of guide rail mounting base 803 also passes through bolt and is equipped with pressing plate 804 in the present embodiment, which sets
There are two claw 8041, one of claw 8041 compresses the side of guide rail mounting base 803, another claw 8041 compresses first
The side of guide rail 802, to play the role of being fixedly secured sliding rail.
Embodiment 6
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 5,
Difference essentially consists in: further including the lift drive mechanism 9 for adjusting movable plate height.
Because in actual use, the wheel rim height of all wheels on a train has a difference, and movable plate can be higher by when measurement
The certain value of wheel rim (1.5-2mm) is as precompressed amount, which cannot be too big, and otherwise wheel meeting hard impacts are living
Movable plate causes the damage of movable plate and reduces measurement accuracy；The precompressed amount equally can not be too small, and not so wheel rim can press not
To movable plate, cause to can't detect data.It can be to the initial of movable plate by the setting of lift drive mechanism 9 in the present embodiment
Height is adjusted, to meet the measurement request of the different high wheels of wheel rim, reduces wheel and causes biggish impact to movable plate,
And guarantee measurement accuracy.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring method of the present embodiment, process is as follows:
Step 1: train goes out to be put in storage judgement
The storage and outbound of train are judged by the trigger sequence of trigger unit, if train is storage, pass through control system
System controls preposition mechanism 13 and testing agency's starting, is ready for wheel detection；If train is outbound, preposition mechanism 13 and inspection
Mechanism is surveyed not start；
Step 2: the wheel rim high detection of train wheel
When train is storage, and pass through preposition mechanism 13 when, the wheel rim height of train wheel is carried out by preposition mechanism 13
Detection, and feed back to control system；
Step 3: the precompressed amount of testing agency's movable plate is adjusted
According to the testing result of preposition mechanism 13, lift drive mechanism 9 is controlled by control system and is run, thus to detection
The elemental height of movable plate is adjusted in mechanism, and when the precompressed amount of movable plate is in setting range, lift drive mechanism 9 stops
Only run.
The control mode of movable plate precompressed amount are as follows: when system starts, when preposition mechanism detects a height of Sh1 of wheel rim
When, system judges whether this wheel rim height reaches precompressed amount for 1.5-2mm, if precompressed amount is in this range, testing agency is not required to
It acts, if the Serve Motor Control movable plate of testing agency is gone up and down to the position W2 not in this range, reaches the high Sh1 of wheel rim
To the precompressed amount of 1.5-2mm.When preposition mechanism 13 detects a height of Sh2 of wheel rim of latter wheel, and previous wheel has led to
When crossing testing agency, testing agency judges whether the current position W2 is in the high Sh2 precompressed amount of wheel rim as the range of 1.5-2mm, and
Make corresponding lift adjustment, until detecting the wheel of complete train.When preposition mechanism 13 no longer generates newly whithin a period of time
When wheel rim is high, it is believed that train has passed through detection system, and preposition mechanism 13 and testing agency are attributed to zero-bit, system stalls.
During adjusting detection mechanism precompressed amount, preposition mechanism 13 is always positioned at that the position W1 is constant, and more sets of every side rail
Testing agency is elevated to same position every time.
Step 4: the defects detection of train wheel
When train wheel passes through testing agency, handled by the detection data of the testing agency to get train is arrived
Tyre tread circular runout, flat sliding and the abrasion of wheel.
Embodiment 7
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 6,
Difference essentially consists in: as shown in Figure 11, Figure 12, the lift drive mechanism 9 of the present embodiment includes motor 901, lead screw 906, lead screw
Nut 903 and feed screw nut seat 904, wherein motor 901 is fixedly installed in fixed plate 4 by motor mount 902, motor
901 output shaft is fixedly linked by shaft coupling and 906 one end of lead screw, 906 other end of lead screw and 903 screw thread phase of feed screw nut
Even, and feed screw nut 903 passes through feed screw nut seat 904 and (is machined with the C-shaped passed through for feed screw nut 903 on feed screw nut seat 904
Hole), and the head of feed screw nut 903 is pressed in the upper surface of feed screw nut seat 904, the feed screw nut seat 904 and movable plate are solid
It is fixed to be connected.
One side of feed screw nut 903 and the side of movable plate abut, when motor 901 is rotated down, 906 He of lead screw
Rotation is generated between feed screw nut 903, feed screw nut 903 is moved downward along lead screw central axes, due to the head of feed screw nut 903
It is pressed on feed screw nut seat 904, therefore can be moved downwardly together with feed screw nut seat 904 and movable plate, is i.e. realization movable plate
The downward of height.When motor 901 rotates upwards, movable plate moves upwards under the elastic-restoring force effect of elastic mechanism, to
During upper movement, the head of feed screw nut 903 is also pressing against always the upper surface of feed screw nut seat 904, ascending motion until
Reaching upper limit terminates (spring is still tension state when movable plate rises to upper limit, but pulling force reaches minimum value).This reality
It applies and upper limit switch and lower position switch is installed in fixed plate in example, be located between upper and lower limits switch on movable plate and be equipped with
Limit switch tablet, and the installation direction of the installation direction and sliding track mechanism of upper and lower limit bit switch and limit switch tablet
In parallel.Motor 901 controls movable plate lifting, and when movable plate rises, the limit switch tablet being installed on movable plate is triggered
When to upper limit switch, which is extreme higher position when movable plate rises；When movable plate decline, limit switch tablet
Extreme lower position when being triggered to lower position switch, when which is movable plate decline.
Motor mount 902 is processed as L-shaped structure in the present embodiment, is wherein machined on the bottom plate of motor mount 902
The step cutting pattern hole matched with motor, motor shaft pass through the mounting hole and are fixedly linked with bottom plate, and motor mount 902 hangs down
Straight panel is fixedly installed in fixed plate 4.903 top of feed screw nut is also fixedly installed with sensor installation seat 905, and displacement passes
Sensor 1002 is installed on sensor installation seat 905, and the correspondence of tablet 1001 is fixedly installed on feed screw nut seat 904.When logical
When crossing the control movable plate up and down motion of motor 901, since the head of feed screw nut 903 is not upper with feed screw nut seat 904 always
Surface separation, therefore there is no relative displacement between displacement sensor 1002 and tablet 1001.It should be noted that pressure wheel exists
When on movable plate, 901 akinesia of motor, otherwise movable plate moves up and down the measurement that will affect displacement sensor.In addition, this reality
It applies and is further fixed on lead screw support base 907 in example on the vertical panel of motor mount 902 (lead screw support base 907 is straight in the present embodiment
Connect using BK12 standard components), lead screw 906 passes through lead screw support base 907 and is connected with motor shaft, passes through lead screw support base 907
Lead screw 906 is supported.
Using the testing agency of the present embodiment, following procedure is specifically included:
(1) movable plate lifting process: high according to the wheel rim of train wheel to be detected, control motor 901 is gone up and down, and makes movable plate
It is elevated to designated position, which can only push movable plate specified displacement, i.e., according to different wheel wheel rim
Height adjusts movable plate and is in different height, to guarantee that movable plate volume under pressure under the rolling effect of train wheel is identical, to subtract
Small impact force of the wheel to movable plate.When device closing stops working, movable plate drops to designated position, no matter the position
The wheel rim height of the wheel of process is how many, and wheel rim cannot be pressed onto movable plate.
(2) wheel detection process: when movable plate is elevated to designated position, displacement sensor 1002 and tablet 1001 it
Between without relative displacement, motor 901 stops lifting at this time.When wheel 7 presses upper mobile board, movable plate is depressed by wheel rim,
The displacement along slide direction obliquely is generated, during movable plate decline, feed screw nut 903 is remained stationary, but lead screw spiral shell
Base 904 can move downwardly together with movable plate, at this moment, just produce between displacement sensor 1002 and displacement tablet 1001
Relative displacement can acquire the displacement that movable plate is depressed by wheel rim when wheel passes through by conversion.It is living when wheel leaves
Movable plate is restored to position specified when motor 901 is gone up and down under the action of elastic mechanism.
Specifically, can detecte wheel tread one week circumferential data when movable plate length is greater than wheel circumference, into
One step depicts wheel tread and loses circle situation.It intercepted, spliced by the displacement curve to each testing agency's movable plate, obtained
To a movable plate displacement curve from first testing agency to the last one testing agency, and therefrom obtain maximum value and most
Small value, the difference of maxima and minima are exactly the circular runout value of the wheel.
Wherein, there are two ways to system control testing agency's movable plate is gone up and down to suitable precompressed amount, look-up table and tracking
Method.Look-up table is that minimum wheel rim height is divided into n section to maximum wheel rim height, and it is living that each section corresponds to different testing agencies
Movable plate position Wn judges which section this wheel rim edge height belongs to when preposition mechanism 13 detects the high Sh of wheel rim of wheel to be measured,
Testing agency's movable plate is gone up and down position W corresponding to the section again.Back tracking method be using displacement sensor as feedback signal,
The position for constantly regulate testing agency's movable plate, until the indicating value of displacement sensor reaches the indicating value under required precompressed amount.
Such as the current indicating value of displacement sensor is Z1, when preposition mechanism detects the high Sh of wheel rim of wheel to be measured, system is according to precompressed
Amount, which calculates displacement sensor, needs indicating value Z2 to be achieved, is then turned on servo motor and is gone up and down, during motor is gone up and down, position
The indicating value of displacement sensor constantly changes, and passes to servo motor as feedback signal, until the indicating value of displacement sensor reaches
When Z2, it is believed that testing agency's movable plate has been gone up and down to required position, is then shut off motor.
Embodiment 8
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 7,
Difference essentially consists in: as described in Figure 14, sensor installation seat 905 is processed as L-shaped structure in the present embodiment, close to movable plate
Side (vertical panel) is fixed with the second sliding block 908, and the second guide rail 909 with the cooperation of the second sliding block 908 is fixed on movable plate, and
The installation direction of second guide rail 909 is parallel with the installation direction of sliding track mechanism between movable plate, fixed plate 4.
One side of feed screw nut 903 is tightly bonded with the side of movable plate, when motor 901 drives lead screw rotation,
Not with rotating together the up and down displacements along lead screw central axes direction only occur for feed screw nut 903.But due to processing and
The error of assembly is difficult to accomplish that the side of feed screw nut is fitted closely with movable plate, but there are certain gaps, although gap
Very little, but when lead screw rotates, or by feed screw nut seat 904 shock when, feed screw nut 903 can in limited gap
Rotation, to cause data acquisition inaccuracy.For this problem, the present embodiment passes through in the close activity of sensor installation seat 905
The side of plate is fixed with the second sliding block 908, the second guide rail 909 of setting and the cooperation of the second sliding block on movable plate, so as to have
Effect eliminates the gap between feed screw nut 903 and movable plate.When servo motor 901 is gone up and down, the second sliding block 908 and the second guide rail
There is no relative motion between 909.When pressure wheel upper mobile board, when movable plate moves downward, sensor installation seat 905 is kept not
Dynamic, the second guide rail 909 moves downwardly together with movable plate.
Embodiment 9
A kind of railway train wheel tread circular runout, flat sliding and the device for wearing on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment,
Substantially with embodiment 8, difference essentially consists in its structure: the elastic mechanism includes elastic element 6, and the two of elastic element 6
End is fixedly installed in respectively on movable plate and fixed plate 4, and the installation direction of elastic element 6 is parallel with sliding track mechanism.Specifically,
Tension spring or pressure spring structure can be used in the elastic element 6, as long as being able to achieve the spring follow between movable plate and fixed plate.
The present embodiment elastic element 6 uses tension spring, when movable plate is in upper limit position, the distance between two fixed pins
It is still greater than the original length of tension spring, i.e. tension spring is in stretcher strain state always, is respectively equipped with first on fixed plate 4 and movable plate
Fixed pin 601 and the second fixed pin 602, the both ends of tension spring are fixedly linked with the first fixed pin 601, the second fixed pin 602 respectively,
And first fixed pin 601 height be higher than the second fixed pin 602.Specifically, the both ends of the tension spring are equipped with spring, first
Hook slot corresponding with spring is machined on fixed pin 601 and the second fixed pin 602, the spring at tension spring both ends distinguishes hook
Extension is installed in the trough of spring hook on the first fixed pin 601 and the second fixed pin 602.
Embodiment 10
A kind of railway train wheel tread circular runout, flat sliding and the device for wearing on-line dynamic measurement of the present embodiment,
Substantially with embodiment 9, difference essentially consists in its structure: the movable plate of the present embodiment includes pedal 2 and sliding panel 3, and pedal 2 is solid
Dingan County loaded on sliding panel 3 (pedal 2 be located at track inside and when wheel presses through pedal pedal top surface always with train wheel wheel rim
Contact), and sliding track mechanism and elastic mechanism are mounted between sliding panel 3 and fixed plate 4.Pedal 2 and sliding in the present embodiment
It is bolted to connection between plate 3, i.e., only needs to change pedal when movable plate being designed as split type connection structure, therefore replaced
2.
Embodiment 11
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 10,
Its difference essentially consists in: as shown in Figure 11, Figure 13, the both ends of movable plate are equipped with lasting damping mechanism in the present embodiment, this is held
Continuous damping mechanism includes push-rod electric machine 1401, wedge block 1405, damping 1406, damps pedestal 1404 and damping baffle 1408,
In, the wedge block 1405 is movably installed on damping pedestal 1404 and is connected with the driving of push-rod electric machine 1401, the damping gear
Plate 1408 is fixedly installed on movable plate, and the both ends movable supporting for damping 1406 is suppressed in damping baffle 1408 and wedge block 1405
Between.After installation, 1406 stress heads of damping and damping baffle 1408 are in close contact, and damp bottom and the inclined-plane of wedge block 1405 is tight
Contiguity touching.
When pressure wheel is at one end of pedal 2, due to 2 both ends force unbalance of pedal, it will cause pedal 2 and contacted with wheel
An end movement it is big, and another end movement is small, and entire sliding panel is inclined, whole when the other end of wheel rolling to pedal 2
A sliding panel is tilted to another direction again, so as to cause displacement sensor inaccuracy.In order to effectively solve problem above,
The present embodiment is provided at the both ends of sliding panel 3 continues damping mechanism, and damps persistently to power, when pressure wheel is in pedal 2 one
When end, the push-rod electric machine 1401 corresponding with the end of sliding panel 3 pushes forward damping 1406, persistently gives power using resistance；Work as wheel
When being rolled to 2 other end of pedal, the push-rod electric machine 1401 of 3 other end of sliding panel pulls back damping 1406, holds damping 1406
Continue to power.
Specifically, the damping assembly figure at end is left for pedal wheel as shown in figure 13, when wheel rolling to the wheel of pedal 2
When leaving end, push-rod electric machine 1401 pulls back wedge block 1405, and the horizontal displacement that wedge block 1405 generates makes to damp knoll,
Meanwhile sliding panel 3 generates downward displacement, compresses the stress head of damping, so that damping be made to play the role of persistently to power
Effect.The lasting damping assembly structure of pedal wheel upstream end leaves the damping assembly figure at end with pedal wheel substantially, damping
Inclined direction and wheel leave that end is consistent, but the wedge block 1405 of push-rod electric machine 1401 installation direction on the contrary, so, work as push rod
Motor 1401 is to damping stress when being pushed forward.When wheel just presses upper pedal 2, the push-rod electric machine 1401 of 2 upstream end of pedal starts work
Make, the push-rod electric machine 1401 that pedal leaves end does not work；When wheel leaves pedal upstream end, the push-rod electric machine of pedal upstream end
It is restored to initial position.When pressure wheel is when pedal leaves end, the push-rod electric machine 1401 that pedal leaves end is started to work, and works as wheel
When leaving end from pedal and leaving, the push-rod electric machine that pedal leaves end is restored to initial position.
Embodiment 12
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 11,
Its difference essentially consists in: the push-rod electric machine 1401 is fixedly installed in fixed plate 4 with damping pedestal 1404, specifically, pushing away
Bar motor 1401 is installed on push-rod electric machine seat 1402, and push-rod electric machine seat 1402 is fixedly linked with fixed plate, and push-rod electric machine
1401 motor shaft passes through push-rod electric machine seat 1402 and is fixedly linked by motor connection lever 1403 with wedge block 1405；The fixation
Damper Braces 1407 are also equipped on plate, the damping 1406 passes through Damper Braces 1407.
Embodiment 13
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 12,
Its difference essentially consists in: fixed plate 4 is fixedly installed on bottom plate 5 in the present embodiment, which is fixed in the bottom of track 1
Portion.Specifically, being equipped with briquetting 501 positioned at the two sides of track 1 on the bottom plate 5, briquetting 501 passes through bolt and 5 stationary phase of bottom plate
Connect and is fixed in 1 liang of side bottom of track；Reinforcing rib 11 is equipped between the fixed plate 4 and bottom plate 5, reinforcing rib 11 is L-shaped,
Fixed plate 4 and bottom plate 5 are bolted by two respectively；The through-hole that power supply machine 901 passes through is also provided on the bottom plate 5.
Embodiment 14
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 13,
Its difference essentially consists in: the same testing agency of structure of the preposition mechanism 13 of the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, wherein preposition mechanism 13
Pedal upper surface along train storage direction successively include upward slope section 201, horizontal segment 202 and lower slope section 203, wheel is by preposition
When mechanism 13, a displacement maximum value can be generated in the horizontal segment 202 of pedal 2, wheel can be measured according to the maximum value
Wheel rim is high, method particularly includes: when the wheel of a height of Sh1 of known wheel rim passes through preposition mechanism 13, preposition 13 pedal of mechanism is most
Big displacement is h1, and when the high wheel of unknown wheel rim passes through preposition mechanism, the maximum displacement of preposition mechanism pedal is h2, then unknown
The high Sh2=Sh1+ of the wheel rim of wheel (h2-h1).
Embodiment 15
A kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system of the present embodiment, structure substantially with embodiment 14,
Its difference essentially consists in: specifically, testing agency in the present embodiment on the inside of every siding track includes the first testing agency 1501, the
Two testing agencies 1502, third testing agency 1503 and the 4th testing agency 1504.
When magnet steel detects train to be put in storage, detection system starting, preposition mechanism and four sets of testing agencies rise to finger
Positioning is set, which completes before train reaches preposition mechanism.When preposition mechanism detect first wheel wheel rim it is high when,
Four sets of testing agencies combine current location to judge whether this wheel rim height meets precompressed amount for the requirement of 1.5-2mm, if not satisfied, then
PLC control servo motor is gone up and down to the position for the condition that meets, this process is before wheel to be detected reaches the first testing agency 1501
It completes.After the completion of the movement of the first testing agency 1501, start LOG data record, when record wheel passes through each testing agency
The vertical deviation of pedal stops LOG data record when wheel leaves four testing agencies 1504.When preposition mechanism detects
When the wheel rim of second wheel is high, first wheel not yet passes testing agency, and each testing agency first judges first at this time
Whether wheel has been moved off, if first wheel has been moved off, testing agency is according to current location and second wheel
Wheel rim height is elevated to suitable position, if first wheel not yet leaves, or still shows and reach the testing agency, then waits until the
One wheel leaves rear testing agency and just starts to go up and down.Whenever the lifting of the first testing agency 1501 terminates, system will start one
A LOG data record equally whenever the 4th testing agency 1504 detects that wheel leaves, will stop previous LOG data note
Record.Until system thinks that train has passed through testing agency, and preposition mechanism and testing agency return when preposition mechanism is detected without new value
Return to initial position.
Send the collected data of the displacement sensor of four sets of testing agencies to host computer, the size reflection of the data
Be the high relative value of wheel tread difference circumferential position wheel rim size, when tread length be greater than wheel circumference when, Ke Yijian
The circumferential data for measuring wheel tread one week are further depicted as out wheel tread and lose circle situation.Host computer is to each testing agency
The displacement curve of pedal is intercepted, is spliced, and one article of stepping on from 1501 to the 4th testing agency 1504 of the first testing agency is obtained
Plate displacement curve, and therefrom arrive maximum value and minimum value, the difference of maxima and minima is exactly the circular runout of the wheel
Value.
Schematically the present invention and embodiments thereof are described above, description is not limiting, institute in attached drawing
What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited to this.So if the common skill of this field
Art personnel are enlightened by it, without departing from the spirit of the invention, are not inventively designed and the technical solution
Similar frame mode and embodiment, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system, it is characterised in that: including being put in storage direction successively along train
The preposition mechanism (13) of in-orbit installation and testing agency, wherein preposition mechanism (13) be used for the wheel rim height of wheel to be detected into
Row detection, testing agency are used to carry out on-line checking, testing agency and preposition to the circular runout of wheel, flat sliding and abrasion
Mechanism (13) is connected with control system control, and the start and stop of testing agency and preposition mechanism (13) are controlled by control system.
2. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
It is located at preposition mechanism (13) front end on the inside of track and is additionally provided with trigger unit, which includes spaced on the inside of track
First magnet steel (1201) and the second magnet steel (1202)；Further, the testing agency is symmetrically arranged in bilateral track
Side, and quantity >=2 of the same side testing agency.
3. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The testing agency includes movable plate and fixed plate (4) and the induction for being installed on the inside of track (1) and being parallel to track (1)
Unit is connected between the movable plate and fixed plate (4) by sliding track mechanism and elastic mechanism, the sensing unit for pair
The pushing displacement of movable plate measures, and the movable plate is also connected with lift drive mechanism (9).
4. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
Lift drive mechanism (9) includes motor (901), lead screw (906), feed screw nut (903) and feed screw nut seat (904), wherein electricity
The output shaft of machine (901) is fixedly linked with lead screw (906) one end, lead screw (906) other end pass through feed screw nut (903) and with silk
Thick stick nut (903) screw thread is connected, and feed screw nut (903) passes through feed screw nut seat (904), and feed screw nut seat (904) and activity
Plate is fixedly linked.
5. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Motor (901) is fixedly installed on fixed plate (4) by motor mount (902), fixed peace above the feed screw nut (903)
Equipped with sensor installation seat (905), displacement sensor (1002) is installed on sensor installation seat (905), tablet (1001)
Correspondence is installed on feed screw nut seat (904)；Further, the sensor installation seat (905) is close to the side of movable plate
It is fixed with the second sliding block (908), the second guide rail (909) with the cooperation of the second sliding block, and the second guide rail is fixed on movable plate
The installation direction of sliding track mechanism is parallel between installation direction and movable plate, fixed plate (4).
6. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
Be equipped at least two sliding track mechanisms being parallel to each other between movable plate and fixed plate (4), and sliding track mechanism relative to movable plate and
Fixed plate (4) is obliquely installed；The elastic mechanism includes elastic element (6), and the both ends of elastic element (6) are fixedly mounted respectively
In on movable plate and fixed plate (4), and the installation direction of elastic element (6) is parallel with sliding track mechanism；The fixed plate (4) is fixed
It is installed on bottom plate (5), which is fixed in the bottom of track (1)；The movable plate includes pedal (2) and slides
Movable plate (3), pedal (2) are fixedly installed on sliding panel (3), and sliding track mechanism and elastic mechanism be mounted on sliding panel (3) with
Between fixed plate (4).
7. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
The both ends of movable plate are equipped with lasting damping mechanism, this continue damping mechanism include push-rod electric machine (1401), wedge block (1405),
Damp (1406), damping pedestal (1404) and damping baffle (1408), wherein the wedge block (1405) is movably installed in damping
It is connected on pedestal (1404) and with push-rod electric machine (1401) driving, the damping baffle (1408) is fixedly installed on movable plate,
The both ends movable supporting for damping (1406) is suppressed between damping baffle (1408) and wedge block (1405).
8. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
It is successively wrapped along train storage direction the movable plate upper surface of the same testing agency of structure of preposition mechanism (13), the preposition mechanism (13)
Include upward slope section (201), horizontal segment (202) and lower slope section (203).
9. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring method, it is characterised in that: its process is as follows:
Step 1: train goes out to be put in storage judgement
The storage and outbound of train are judged by the trigger sequence of trigger unit, if train is storage, pass through control system control
Preposition mechanism (13) and testing agency's starting are made, wheel detection is ready for；If train is outbound, preposition mechanism (13) and inspection
Mechanism is surveyed not start；
Step 2: the wheel rim high detection of train wheel
When train is storage, and pass through preposition mechanism (13) when, the wheel rim height of train wheel is carried out by preposition mechanism (13)
Detection, and feed back to control system；
Step 3: the precompressed amount of testing agency's movable plate is adjusted
According to the testing result of preposition mechanism (13), by control system control lift drive mechanism (9) operation, thus to detection
The elemental height of movable plate is adjusted in mechanism, the lift drive mechanism (9) when the precompressed amount of movable plate is in setting range
It is out of service；
Step 4: the defects detection of train wheel
When train wheel passes through testing agency, by the testing agency to the tyre tread circular runout of train wheel, flat sliding
And abrasion is detected.
10. a kind of railway train wheel tread defect dynamic on-line monitoring method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: when
When preposition mechanism (13) detects that the wheel rim of second wheel is high, first wheel not yet passes testing agency, at this time each inspection
It surveys mechanism and first judges whether first wheel has been moved off, if first wheel has been moved off, testing agency is according to current
The wheel rim height of position and second wheel is elevated to suitable position；If first wheel not yet leaves, or not yet reaches
The testing agency then waits until that first wheel leaves rear testing agency and just start to go up and down.
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| CN201811502126.3A CN109373959B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Online dynamic detection system and detection method for tread defects of train wheels |
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| CN201811502126.3A CN109373959B (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | Online dynamic detection system and detection method for tread defects of train wheels |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110803190A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-02-18 | 安徽富煌钢构股份有限公司 | Dynamic detection system and equipment thereof under high-speed running state of train |
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| CN111391882A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 保定新云达电力设备有限责任公司 | Follow-type online wheel tread electromagnetic nondestructive detection probe device |
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| CN113983982A (en) * | 2021-10-23 | 2022-01-28 | 北京磁浮有限公司 | Rail transit dimension detection data acquisition device |
| CN116495026A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-28 | 成都铁安科技有限责任公司 | Method and system for adjusting wheel set damage detection rod |
| CN116495026B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-08-29 | 成都铁安科技有限责任公司 | Method and system for adjusting wheel set damage detection rod |
| CN116495027A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-07-28 | 成都铁安科技有限责任公司 | Vibration reduction detection assembly and system for detecting tread of wheel set |
| CN116495027B (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-08-29 | 成都铁安科技有限责任公司 | Vibration reduction detection assembly and system for detecting tread of wheel set |
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