CN2529800Y - Device for automatic measuring wheel stepping diameter and rim thickness - Google Patents
Device for automatic measuring wheel stepping diameter and rim thickness Download PDFInfo
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- CN2529800Y CN2529800Y CN 02209494 CN02209494U CN2529800Y CN 2529800 Y CN2529800 Y CN 2529800Y CN 02209494 CN02209494 CN 02209494 CN 02209494 U CN02209494 U CN 02209494U CN 2529800 Y CN2529800 Y CN 2529800Y
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- flange thickness
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device used to measure the diameter of the tread of a wheel and the thickness of the edge of the wheel automatically. The technical proposal is that a wheel diameter multipoint measuring unit (2) consists of a four bar linkage mechanism (6) fixed on a main body (1) and a displacement sensor (7) fixed on a fixed board (8) of the four bar linkage mechanism (2), and the displacement sensor (7) is used to measure the change in the distance between a moving board (9) on the four bar linkage mechanism (2) and the fixed board (8). A wheel edge thickness measuring unit (3) is provided with a displacement sensor (10) arranged on the moving board (9) and used to measure the change in the distance between a given point on the wheel edge and the displacement sensor (10), and accordingly obtain the thickness of the wheel edge. Another sensor (11) is connected with the main body (1) via a bracket (12) and used to measure the change in the distance between the internal side of a wheel (13) and the sensor (11). The utility model has the advantages of low cost, high measuring precision, short measuring cycle, low failure rate, and no influence of the surface quality of the wheel workpiece on the measuring result.
Description
(1) technical field
The utility model relates to the automatic device measuring of a kind of vehicle wheel to physical dimension, is specially adapted to detecting on the conveyor line wheel of walking be carried out the automatic dynamic measurement to the diameter of each wheel with flange thickness at workshop wheel.
(2) background technology
Wheel is to being the critical movements parts that are related to train operating safety, and the precision of its physical dimension directly has influence on the cooperation of wheel track and the traffic safety of train, and wheel can cause derail to physical dimension when overproof, causes great train accident.So carry out wheel to the periodic inspection system in China, in other words, wheel is to delivering to car depot or carshop overhauls after operation a period of time on the railway.Necessary more than 10 right physical dimension of detection wheel before repairing, it is right to keep in repair wheel according to these result of a measurement again.The main geometric parameters that wherein influences the wheel track cooperation comprises wheel diameter and flange thickness.Now the mechanical type measuring appliance that generally adopts because its efficiency of measurement and survey precision are all very low, can not satisfy the requirement of China railways development.The eighties in 20th century, China has carried out the research of wheel to the physical dimension self-measuring, comprising the measurement to wheel diameter and flange thickness.Its principle of measurement is: will take turns propping up with carriage, and allow its rotation, measure various physical dimension [Bai Fusheng with multiple touch sensor, wheel is to the development and the application thereof of automatic detecting machine, " rolling stock technology ", 1997 the 6th phases], the major defect of this method of measurement is a contact type measurement, because wheel causes the damage of touch sensor easily to surface imperfection and coarse, bring bigger problem to practical application.CN1149126 " utilizes artificial vision's method to measure the apparatus and method of railway car wheel rolling parameter ", CN2463262Y " a kind of wheel " to automatic checkout equipment, the employing CCD technology that CN2428381Y " wheel is to automatic checkout equipment " proposes obtains wheel to geometric parameter several devices of (comprising wheel diameter and flange thickness), the advantage of these devices is to be measured as contactless, the fault rate of measurement mechanism is lower, but all there is the measurement mechanism complexity in these devices, need measuring table or detent mechanism will take turns to propping, thereby the cost height of measurement mechanism, survey precision also is subjected to the location precision of detent mechanism.CN1318487A " railway vehicle wheel is to the geometric parameter automatic device measuring " provides a kind of more complex measurement device, this device adopts 4 measuring heads that can move up and down to obtain taking turns right various geometric parameters, though certain benefit is arranged to improving survey precision, but there are problems such as measurement mechanism complexity, cost height equally in this measurement mechanism, the fault rate height of this measuring mechanism simultaneously, measuring period is long.
(3) summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of through type automatic device measuring, promptly takes turns under the state of the normal walking of workshop circuit, finishes the self-measuring to wheel diameter and flange thickness.Owing to do not need measuring table and wheel to detent mechanism, wheel is to finishing measurement under normal walking condition, thereby measurement mechanism has, and cost is low, survey precision is high, measuring period is short, the fault rate of measurement mechanism is low, result of a measurement is not subjected to take turns advantages such as workpiece surface quality influence.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: the device of this self-measuring wheel tread diameter and flange thickness is made up of body, wheel diameter multimetering unit, flange thickness measuring unit, wheel guiding mechanism and signal processing unit.It is characterized in that: said wheel diameter multimetering unit is made of a four-bar linkage and corresponding sensor, and the adapter plate in the described four-bar linkage directly is fixed on the body, and the portable plate in the described four-bar linkage directly contacts with the tread of wheel; Described sensor is fixed on the adapter plate of four-bar linkage or on the portable plate, measures on the four-bar linkage treadmill to the variation of distance between the fixed flat planar; Described guiding mechanism fixes on the ground; Described signal processing unit is finished the functions such as collection, processing and output to measurement signal.
Described flange thickness measuring unit can be made up of two displacement pickups, one of them sensor is fixed on the treadmill of four-bar linkage, measure regulation a variation on the wheel rim to distance between the sensor, another sensor then can be connected on the body by a bearing, measures the variation of wheel medial surface to distance between the sensor.
Described flange thickness measuring unit also can be made up of a ultrasonic thickness sensor, and this sensor is fixed on the treadmill of four-bar linkage, directly the measuring pulley edge thickness.
Sensor in the described wheel diameter multimetering unit also can adopt angular transducer, this angular transducer is fixed on the pole of four-bar linkage, measure the rotational angle of pole, obtain on the four-bar linkage treadmill indirectly to the variation of distance between the fixed flat planar.
Because measuring mechanism can directly be measured the multiple spot diameter of wheel tread continuously, thereby measuring mechanism can be measured the deviation from circular from of wheel tread flat and tread circumference simultaneously.When there is not scratch in wheel tread, then the upright position of the relative rail of treadmill is constant in whole tread girth scope, and the output of corresponding sensor is constant relatively; Otherwise if there is scratch in this wheel tread, must cause the variation of the relative rail of the treadmill upright position of four-bar linkage, sensor is measured the variation of this upright position exactly, can obtain abrading the size of the degree of depth.Each measurement point diameter variation has then reflected the deviation from circular from of wheel tread simultaneously.
During measurement, if require to measure the diameter and the scratch of whole tread circumference range, then the length of the treadmill of single four-bar linkage should be more than or equal to the length of run of tread circumference, two covers or the above four-bar linkage of two covers also can be installed, and effective measurement length sum of the treadmill of two covers or the above four-bar linkage of two covers should be more than or equal to the girth of tread circumference at this moment.
In the above-mentioned measurement scheme that the utility model proposes, the treadmill of four-bar linkage and rail surface guarantee by artificial adjustment in the collimation and the position of level and vertical direction.
The utility model is compared the advantage that is had with background technology: one, adopt four-bar linkage and corresponding sensor, realized that wheel is to when the measured zone, directly measure the deviation from circular from of multiple spot diameter, flat sliding and the tread circumference of wheel tread measured place, the measuring table or the detent mechanism that need not prior art will be taken turns propping, greatly reduce the cost and the fault rate of measurement mechanism, improved survey precision; They are two years old, sensor in the flange thickness measuring unit directly is fixed on four-bar linkage treadmill on, realize that easily it is a standard value that sensor measurement is put the vertical distance at tread diameter place, identical with the benchmark of actual measurement flange thickness, measurement point can not change because of the variation of wheel tread pattern simultaneously, avoid using method such as shooting to seek the measured error that the measurement point benchmark brings, improved the survey precision of flange thickness greatly; Its three, can not only measure the multiple spot diameter of wheel tread, the energy measurement wheel tread flat has enlarged measurement function simultaneously.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 wheel tread diameter and flange thickness automatic device measuring front view
Fig. 2 wheel tread diameter and flange thickness automatic device measuring lateral plan
Another embodiment of Fig. 3 wheel tread diameter and flange thickness automatic device measuring
Fig. 4 wheel tread diameter and flange thickness automatic device measuring A-A line of vision figure
Another embodiment of wheel diameter multimetering unit in Fig. 5 wheel tread diameter and the flange thickness automatic device measuring
Another embodiment of flange thickness measuring unit in Fig. 6 wheel tread diameter and the flange thickness automatic device measuring
Connection mode scheme drawing during Fig. 7 use angle sensor
Among the figure: 1 is that body, 2 is that wheel diameter multimetering unit, 3 is that flange thickness measuring unit, 4 is that wheel guiding mechanism, 5 is that signal processing unit, 6 is that four-bar linkage, 7,10,11 is that laser displacement sensor, 8 is adapter plate, 9 treadmills, 12 is support, and 13 is right for wheel, and 14 is rail, 15 is pole, 16,19 is spring, and 17 is ground, and 18 are fixing pole, 20 is ultrasonic transduter, 21 is angular transducer, and 22 is the rotating shaft of angular transducer, and 23 is anchor shaft.
(5) specific embodiment
The contrast accompanying drawing, illustrate and realize optimal way of the present utility model: the device of self-measuring wheel tread diameter and flange thickness (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) is made up of body 1, wheel diameter multimetering unit 2, flange thickness measuring unit 3 (Fig. 4), wheel guiding mechanism 4 and signal processing unit 5.It is characterized in that: said wheel diameter multimetering unit 2 is made of a four-bar linkage 6 (Fig. 2) and cooresponding laser displacement sensor 7, adapter plate 8 in the described four-bar linkage 6 directly is fixed on the body 1, portable plate 9 in the described four-bar linkage 6 directly contacts with the tread of wheel 13, described laser displacement sensor 7 is fixed on the adapter plate 8 of four-bar linkage, measures the variation that treadmill 9 arrives distance between the fixed flat planar 8 on the four-bar linkage; Described flange thickness measuring unit 3 (Fig. 1, Fig. 4) is made up of two laser displacement sensors 10,11, one of them laser displacement sensor 10 is fixed on the treadmill 9 of four-bar linkage, measures the variation that the regulation point arrives distance between the sensor 10 on the wheel rim; Another laser displacement sensor 11 is connected on the body 1 by support 12, measures the variation of wheel 13 medial surfaces to distance between the sensor 11; Described guiding mechanism 4 fixes 17 on the ground; Described signal processing unit 5 is finished the functions such as collection, processing and output to measurement signal.
Described four-bar linkage (Fig. 2) is made up of treadmill 9, fixed flat planar 8, two poles 15, springs 16; Treadmill 9, fixed flat planar 8, two poles 15 are formed parallel four limit row mechanisms; The two ends of treadmill 9 are hinged and connected with an end of pole 15 respectively, and the other end of pole 15 is hinged and connected (Fig. 2) or link to each other (Fig. 3) that slide with fixed flat planar 8 respectively; One end of spring 16 links to each other with a certain pole 15 or treadmill 9, and the other end of spring 16 links to each other with fixed flat planar 8, gives the downward power of whole four-bar linkage, makes that the treadmill 9 on four connecting rods contacts with the wheel tread measured place when wheel movement all the time.
Adopt the four-bar linkage parallel four limit type mechanisms of round guide groove (as have) of other form to replace above parallel four limit row mechanisms, can obtain identical effect, or the connection mode of the pole of parallel-crank mechanism and fixed flat planar and pole and treadmill can play identical effect with other form (as the running-fit between axle and the hole) replacement bearing hinge connection mode (as shown in Figure 3); Available two covers or above four-bar linkage replace a cover four-bar linkage, can obtain same effect, but increase cost; Spring in the four-bar linkage can remove, and keeps in touch by the gravity of mechanism, but causes contact unreliable easily.
Described flange thickness measuring unit 3 (Fig. 6) can adopt a ultrasonic thickness sensor 20, and ultrasonic thickness sensor 20 is fixed on the treadmill 9 of four-bar linkage (6), directly measures the flange thickness of wheel 13.
Described laser displacement sensor 7,10,11 also can adopt the displacement pickup of edd current transducer or other types.
Principle of measurement of the present utility model is summarized as follows: when wheel moves through measured zone to 13 roads along the line, wheel tread is with treadmill 9 jack-up of four-bar linkage 6, make treadmill 9 translations, and in wheel this wheel tread measured place treadmill 9 contacts therewith all the time during to motion.Wheel tread and treadmill 9 contact positions are wheel diameter to the distance of corresponding rail, because it is parallel with vertical both direction in level with cooresponding rail to adjust on the four-bar linkage treadmill when mounted, can measure the multiple spot diameter of wheel tread when cartwheel roll is crossed measured zone by being fixed on displacement pickup 7 on the four-bar linkage adapter plate 8.Simultaneously, be fixed on the displacement pickup 10 on the four-bar linkage treadmill 9 and be fixed on the flange thickness measuring unit that the displacement pickup 11 on the support 12 formed and directly to measure when wheel passes through, the relative variation of its flange thickness obtains the thickness of wheel rim thus.
Because measuring mechanism can directly be measured the multiple spot diameter of wheel tread continuously, thereby measuring mechanism can be measured the deviation from circular from of wheel tread flat and tread circumference simultaneously.When there was not scratch in wheel tread, then the upright position of the relative rail of treadmill was constant in whole tread girth scope, and the output of corresponding sensor is constant relatively; Otherwise if there is scratch in this wheel tread, must cause the dull and stereotyped variation of rail upright position relatively in the parallel-crank mechanism, sensor 7 is measured the variation of this upright position directly and accurately, can obtain abrading the size of the degree of depth.Each measurement point diameter variation has then reflected the deviation from circular from of wheel tread simultaneously.
The sensitivity that this measurement device wheel diameter and flange thickness change is 0.05mm, and measured error is less than 0.2mm.The diameter of all existing dissimilar wheels of energy measurement and flange thickness, measurement mechanism speed-adaptive scope is 0-10kmh
-1, be applicable in the workshop and take turns in advancing wheel diameter and flange thickness being carried out dynamic measurement single.
Claims (6)
1. the device of self-measuring wheel tread diameter and flange thickness, form by body (1), wheel diameter multimetering unit (2), flange thickness measuring unit (3), wheel guiding mechanism (4) and signal processing unit (5), it is characterized in that: said wheel diameter multimetering unit (2) is made of a four-bar linkage (6) and corresponding sensor, adapter plate (8) in the described four-bar linkage (6) directly is fixed on the body (1), and the portable plate (9) in the described four-bar linkage (6) directly contacts with the tread of wheel (13).
2. the device of a kind of self-measuring wheel tread diameter according to claim 1 and flange thickness is characterized in that: four-bar linkage (6) is made up of treadmill (9), fixed flat planar (8), two poles (15); Treadmill (9), fixed flat planar (8), two poles (15) are formed parallel four limit row mechanisms; The two ends of treadmill (9) are hinged and connected with an end of pole (15) respectively, and the other end of pole (15) is hinged and connected or slides with fixed flat planar (8) respectively and links to each other.
3. the device of a kind of self-measuring wheel tread diameter according to claim 1 and flange thickness, it is characterized in that: the sensor in the described wheel diameter multimetering unit (2) adopts laser displacement sensor (7), this laser displacement sensor (7) is fixed on the adapter plate (8) of four-bar linkage (6), or laser displacement sensor (7) is fixed on the portable plate (9) of four-bar linkage (6) variation that the last treadmill (9) of measurement four-bar linkage (6) arrives distance between the fixed flat planar (8).
4. the device of a kind of self-measuring wheel tread diameter according to claim 1 and flange thickness, it is characterized in that: the sensor in the described wheel diameter multimetering unit (2) can adopt angular transducer (21), this angular transducer (21) is fixed on the pole (15) of four-bar linkage (6), measure the rotational angle of pole (15), obtain four-bar linkage (6) indirectly and go up the variation of treadmill (9) to distance between the fixed flat planar (8).
5. the device of a kind of self-measuring wheel tread diameter according to claim 1 and flange thickness, it is characterized in that: described flange thickness measuring unit (3) can adopt two laser displacement sensors (10), (11), one of them laser displacement sensor (10) is fixed on the treadmill (9) of four-bar linkage (6), measure the variation that the regulation point arrives distance between the sensor (10) on the wheel rim, another laser displacement sensor (11) is connected on the body (1) by support (12), measures the variation of wheel (13) medial surface to distance between the sensor (11).
6. the device of a kind of self-measuring wheel tread diameter according to claim 1 and flange thickness, it is characterized in that: described flange thickness measuring unit (3) can adopt a ultrasonic thickness sensor (20), ultrasonic thickness wave sensor (20) is fixed on the treadmill (9) of four-bar linkage (6), directly measures the flange thickness of wheel (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02209494 CN2529800Y (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2002-04-10 | Device for automatic measuring wheel stepping diameter and rim thickness |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02209494 CN2529800Y (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2002-04-10 | Device for automatic measuring wheel stepping diameter and rim thickness |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2529800Y true CN2529800Y (en) | 2003-01-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02209494 Expired - Fee Related CN2529800Y (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2002-04-10 | Device for automatic measuring wheel stepping diameter and rim thickness |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2529800Y (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100335328C (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2007-09-05 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for measuring stepped driving wheel pair with structural optical sight sensing |
| CN105043260A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-11 | 华东交通大学 | Machine for automatically detecting geometrical parameters of railway wheels |
| CN105241410A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-13 | 成都多极子科技有限公司 | Distance measuring unit of automatic train guide rail loss image acquisition apparatus |
| CN106225699A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Railway wheelset diameter measuring method based on laser signal-noise ratio optimum and system |
| CN106225710A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Train Wheel tread three-D profile automatic measurement method and system based on error correction |
| CN106352794A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-01-25 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Automatic detecting instrument for railway vehicle wheel shaft concentricity |
| CN106500914A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | The method for automatic measurement of wheel tread run-out error |
| CN109941310A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-28 | 莱尔德科技有限公司 | System and method for monitoring locomotive wheel diameters |
-
2002
- 2002-04-10 CN CN 02209494 patent/CN2529800Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100335328C (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2007-09-05 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for measuring stepped driving wheel pair with structural optical sight sensing |
| CN105043260A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-11 | 华东交通大学 | Machine for automatically detecting geometrical parameters of railway wheels |
| CN105043260B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-08-04 | 华东交通大学 | Railway wheel geometric parameter automatic detecting machine |
| CN105241410A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-13 | 成都多极子科技有限公司 | Distance measuring unit of automatic train guide rail loss image acquisition apparatus |
| CN106225699A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Railway wheelset diameter measuring method based on laser signal-noise ratio optimum and system |
| CN106225710A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Train Wheel tread three-D profile automatic measurement method and system based on error correction |
| CN106225710B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-08-16 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Train wheel tread three-D profile automatic measurement method and system based on error correction |
| CN106225699B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2020-02-14 | 广州地铁集团有限公司 | Train wheel set diameter measuring method and system based on laser signal-to-noise ratio optimal point |
| CN106352794A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-01-25 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Automatic detecting instrument for railway vehicle wheel shaft concentricity |
| CN106500914A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | The method for automatic measurement of wheel tread run-out error |
| CN109941310A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-28 | 莱尔德科技有限公司 | System and method for monitoring locomotive wheel diameters |
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |