CN116296517B - Lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116296517B CN116296517B CN202310505539.1A CN202310505539A CN116296517B CN 116296517 B CN116296517 B CN 116296517B CN 202310505539 A CN202310505539 A CN 202310505539A CN 116296517 B CN116296517 B CN 116296517B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/40—Applications of devices for transmitting control pulses; Applications of remote control devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention relates to a lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and a detection method, comprising a support frame; the support frame is installed in the bottom left and right sides of girder, the top of girder is provided with hoisting mechanism, hoisting mechanism comprises drive arrangement, transmission, reel, assembly pulley and arresting gear. By additionally arranging the camber lower deflection detection device and the lifting height detection device, the camber, lower deflection, braking lower sliding quantity, lifting height and lifting speed of the crane can be comprehensively detected and summarized, and are transmitted to a cloud database, data are stored, and the online detection and fault diagnosis of the crane are realized by managing and summarizing the data, so that the defects of overlarge system error, low reliability and stability of data acquisition and processing, low reliability, poor universality and the like caused by excessive manual intervention in the current detection method are overcome, and meanwhile, the key technology is prevented from being influenced by the problem of people.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lifting devices, in particular to a lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and a detection method.
Background
The hoisting machinery is special equipment under national supervision, in recent years, infrastructure construction presents a development situation of blowout along with rapid development of science, technology and economy, modern industrial production is increasingly developed to large scale and high efficiency, and the hoisting machinery plays a role in weight as a material handling and loading and unloading person. As is well known, hoisting machines are often costly, bulky, and often operate in complex and harsh environments, and furthermore, heavy work loads also cause overload use of the hoisting machine to occur. The crane is affected by various adverse factors such as overload operation, material aging, fatigue damage, acid-base corrosion and the like in the service process. The continuous accumulation of these negative effects not only significantly reduces the service life of the crane, but also may lead to various construction accidents, resulting in immeasurable life and property loss and bad social impact.
In China, the development start time of the comprehensive hoisting machinery detection method is relatively late, the comprehensive hoisting machinery detection method starts to enter the field of view of various large enterprises only in the last thirty years, and along with the development of large-scale and intelligent hoisting machinery, the comprehensive hoisting machinery detection method is more and more emphasized, the large enterprises start to gradually cooperate with universities, and the comprehensive hoisting machinery rapid detection method which can be used in actual industrial places is developed. For example, the lifting machinery detection method designed by Kongdi corporation combines the industrial control technology of Siemens with the PLC technology to realize the acquisition of state signals such as main characteristic parameters, running state of a trolley and the like of the crane, and realizes the monitoring and early warning of the state of the crane through data processing analysis; the mechanical college of the southwest university develops a crane detection method, and the real-time detection of parameters such as space attitude, strain, inclination angle and the like is realized; the research and development design of the Wuhan safety environmental protection institute develops a safety detection method for crane operation, and the method is based on an embedded microcomputer technology, a sensor data fusion technology, a network communication technology and a data processing technology, so that various parameters in the crane operation process are successfully collected and stored. Although the research of the comprehensive hoisting machinery detection method in China is in the stage of rapid development at present, a certain gap still exists between the detection method and the foreign top level.
Therefore, under the current situation that new development patterns and intelligent levels are developed increasingly, development of a high-level intelligent lifting machinery comprehensive inspection and detection method is needed, and the defects of overlarge system error, low reliability and stability of data acquisition and processing, low reliability, poor universality and the like caused by excessive manual intervention in the current detection method are overcome, and meanwhile, key technologies are prevented from being influenced by people.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and a detection method.
(II) technical scheme: based on the above, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and a detection method thereof comprise a support frame;
the supporting frame is arranged at the left side and the right side of the bottom of the main beam, the top of the main beam is provided with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism consists of a driving device, a transmission device, a winding drum, a pulley block and a braking device, and the lifting mechanism is of an existing structure and is not described in detail herein;
the lifting mechanism is connected with the top of the hanging wheel by adopting a steel cable, and a reflecting strip is adhered to the surface of the hanging wheel;
the main beam is provided with an camber deflection detection device, the right end of the supporting frame is provided with a controller, the bottom of the lifting mechanism is fixed with a lifting height detection device, and a computer module is arranged in the controller;
the camber deflection detection device comprises a first movable seat, a tensioning seat structure, a second movable seat, a vertical plate, a first target, a second target and a sliding quantity detection device, wherein the first movable seat slides along the horizontal direction of the top of a main beam, the first movable seat and the second movable seat are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the tensioning seat structure, the vertical plate is arranged at the right end of the main beam, the first target and the second target are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the vertical plate, and the sliding quantity detection device is fixed at the bottom of the vertical plate.
Preferably, the structure of the first movable seat is identical with that of the second movable seat, the right end of the first movable seat is provided with a first laser measurer, the right end of the second movable seat is provided with a second laser measurer, the first laser measurer and the second laser measurer are electrically connected with a computer module, the first laser measurer and the second laser measurer are respectively composed of a laser emitter, an imager, a linear array detector, a data acquisition device and a case, the laser emitters are arranged beside the imagers, so that laser emitted by the laser emitters enters the imagers, the imagers strike a part of laser on a target, the target reflects received laser back to the imagers, the imagers send the reflected laser back to the subsequent linear array detector, the linear array detector converts optical signals into electric signals and then transmits the electric signals to the computer module, and the case integrates the laser emitters, the imagers, the linear array detector and the data acquisition device.
Preferably, the tensioning seat structure comprises a positioning plate, a guide rail, a moving plate, a sliding rod, a pressure spring, a servo motor and a roller, wherein the guide rail is arranged at the right end of the positioning plate, the moving plate slides along the vertical direction on the guide rail, the moving plate is convenient to move vertically, the upper end of the moving plate is fixed with a first moving seat, the cross section of the sliding rod is of a shape structure, the moving plate is fixed with the bulge at the right upper end of the sliding rod, the sliding rod penetrates through the left end of the positioning plate, the sliding rod is fixed with the bottom of the pressure spring, the top of the pressure spring is fixed with the positioning plate, the left end of the roller contacts with a main beam, and the first moving seat and the second moving seat are convenient to drive to move horizontally.
Preferably, the moving plate, the sliding rod and the pressure spring mutually form an adjusting module, and the adjusting module is provided with two groups in total and is oppositely arranged along the upper side and the lower side of the positioning plate.
Preferably, the sliding quantity detection device comprises a bearing frame, a stepping motor, a coupler, a ball screw, a movable seat, a ball sliding seat, a connecting seat and a swinging mechanism, wherein the bearing frame is arranged at the bottom of a vertical plate, the stepping motor is arranged at the upper end of the inside of the bearing frame and is connected with the top of the ball screw in a transmission manner, the ball screw is movably connected with the inner side of the movable seat, the ball sliding seat is arranged on the ball screw, the ball sliding seat is fixed with the right end of the connecting seat, and the swinging mechanism is arranged at the left end of the connecting seat.
Preferably, the swing mechanism comprises an electric push rod, a rack, a gear, a linkage shaft, a turntable, a movable block, a rotating rod, a swing arm, a connecting rod, a focusing laser sensor and an L-shaped seat, wherein the electric push rod is arranged at the left end of the inside of the connecting seat, the rack synchronously moves along with the output end of the electric push rod, the rack is in meshed transmission with the top of the gear, the gear is in transmission connection with the middle part of the turntable by adopting the linkage shaft, the front end of the turntable is provided with the movable block, the middle part of the movable block is in movable connection with the rotating rod, the swing arm synchronously rotates along with the rotating rod, the rotating rod is arranged at the rear end of the inner side of the swing arm, the swing arm is in movable connection with the inner side of the L-shaped seat, the front end of the connecting rod is provided with the focusing laser sensor, and the right end of the L-shaped seat is fixed with the connecting seat, and the lifting of the focusing laser sensor can be realized by driving the ball screw through a stepping motor.
Preferably, the focusing laser sensor is provided with a displacement sensor, the movable block moves along with the turntable in a circumferential shape, and the rotating rod penetrates through the middle of the movable block.
Preferably, the lifting height detection device comprises a protection frame, a first detection structure, a second detection structure and a noise sensor, the noise sensor is arranged in the protection frame, the protection frame is fixed at the bottom of the lifting mechanism, the first detection structure and the second detection structure are oppositely arranged at the left side and the right side of the inside of the protection frame, the first detection structure is matched with the second detection structure and symmetrically arranged with the second detection structure, the first detection structure comprises a supporting seat, a swinging seat, a lifting guide wheel, a rotating speed sensor, an induction plate, an induction through hole, a proximity switch and a spring buffer, the bottom of the supporting seat is fixed with the protection frame, the supporting seat is movably connected with the bottom of the swinging seat, the swinging seat is movably connected with the inner side of the lifting guide wheel, the rotating speed sensor is arranged at the right upper end of the swinging seat, the induction plate is arranged in the middle of the lifting guide wheel, the induction through hole is annularly distributed at the left end of the swinging seat, one end of the spring buffer is movably connected with the left end of the swinging seat, and the other end of the spring buffer is movably connected with the supporting seat.
Preferably, the steel cable penetrates through the middle of the protection frame and is respectively contacted with the right end of the first detection structure and the left end of the second detection structure, and the rubber friction layer is embedded and arranged on the inner side edge of the lifting guide wheel, so that the friction force between the steel cable and the lifting guide wheel can be improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and a detection method, which have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the comprehensive performance detection device and the detection method for the hoisting machinery, the camber, the deflection, the braking slip quantity, the lifting height and the lifting speed of the crane can be comprehensively detected and summarized through the camber deflection detection device and the lifting height detection device, the camber, the deflection, the braking slip quantity, the lifting height and the lifting speed of the crane are transmitted to the cloud database to be stored, and the data are managed and summarized to realize the on-line detection and fault diagnosis of the crane, so that the defects of overlarge system error, low reliability and stability of data acquisition and processing, low reliability, poor universality and the like caused by excessive manual intervention in the current detection method are overcome, and meanwhile, the problem that key technologies are influenced by people is prevented.
2. According to the lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and the lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection method, the roller is driven by the servo motor to rotate through the camber lower deflection detection device, so that the roller is in contact transmission with the main beam, the first movable seat, the tensioning seat structure and the second movable seat are driven to horizontally move, in the moving process, the first movable seat and the second movable seat always keep the fitting degree with the upper end face and the lower end face of the main beam due to the tensioning action of the pressure springs, the emitting positions of the first laser measurer and the second laser measurer can be ensured to be the real height of a measuring area, the measuring accuracy is improved, the camber and the lower deflection of the whole section of main beam can be continuously measured, and the accuracy for measuring the camber and the lower deflection of the main beam of the crane is improved.
3. According to the lifting mechanical comprehensive performance detection device and the lifting mechanical comprehensive performance detection method, the lifting height detection device is arranged, the lifting guide wheel is driven to rotate when the steel cable passing through the lifting guide wheel moves, the proximity switch detects the number of turns of the lifting guide wheel, the number of times that the sensing through hole passes through the proximity switch is detected, and the moving distance of the steel cable is equal to the linear displacement of the lifting guide wheel, so that the walking distance of the steel cable can be obtained by the computer module according to the circumference and the number of turns of the lifting guide wheel, and the lifting height of the lifting hook connected to the end part of the steel cable can be obtained; meanwhile, the rotating speed sensor converts the rotating speed of the lifting guide wheel into the corresponding lifting speed of the steel cable, so that the lifting speed of the steel cable of the crane is well measured, the lifting height and the lifting speed of the crane can be detected at the same time, and the detection efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a lifting mechanism according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a deflection detection device under camber of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a movable seat according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 a of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a movable wheel of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for detecting a sliding amount of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a swing mechanism according to the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a swing mechanism according to the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elevation detecting apparatus of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of the detection apparatus of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the present application;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of the overall structure of the present application at b in FIG. 2;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged schematic view of the overall structure of the present application at c in FIG. 4;
fig. 15 is an enlarged view of the overall structure of the present application at d in fig. 7.
In the figure: the device comprises a supporting frame-1, a main beam-2, a lifting mechanism-3, a steel cable-4, a hanging wheel-5, a reflective strip-6, a camber deflection detection device-7, a controller-8 lifting height detection device-9, moving seat-71, tensioning seat structure-72, moving seat-73, vertical plate-74, target-75, target-76 the sliding quantity detecting device-77, the laser measurer one-71 a, the laser measurer two-73 a, the laser emitter-7 a, the imager-7 b, the linear array detector-7 c, the data collector-7 d, the machine case-7 e, the locating plate-721, the guide rail-722, the moving plate-723, the slide bar-724, the pressure spring-725, the servo motor-726, the roller-727 the device comprises a bearing frame-771, a stepping motor-772, a coupling-773, a ball screw-774, a movable seat-775, a ball slide-776, a connecting seat-777, a swinging mechanism-778, an electric push rod-77 a, a rack-77 b, a gear-77 c, a linkage shaft-77 d, a rotary table-77 e, a movable block-77 f, a rotary rod-77 g, a swinging arm-77 h, a connecting rod-77 i, a focusing laser sensor-77 j, an L-shaped seat-77 k, a displacement sensor-77 j1, a protection frame-91, a detection structure-92, a detection structure-93, a noise sensor-94, a supporting seat-921, a swinging seat-922, a lifting guide wheel-923, a rotating speed sensor-924, a sensing plate-925, a swinging seat-922, a lifting guide wheel-923, a rotating speed sensor-924 and a rotating speed sensor-924, wherein the bearing seat is arranged on the bearing frame, the device comprises a sensing through hole-926, a proximity switch-927, a spring buffer-928, a sliding block-72 a, a movable wheel seat-72 b, a movable wheel-72 c, a bearing seat-72 d, a rotating wheel-72 e and an adjusting module-A.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, 2, 12 and 13, a lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device and a detection method thereof comprise a support frame 1; the support frame 1 is arranged at the left side and the right side of the bottom of the main beam 2, the top of the main beam 2 is provided with a lifting mechanism 3, the lifting mechanism 3 consists of a driving device, a transmission device, a winding drum, a pulley block and a braking device, and the lifting mechanism 3 is an existing structure which is not described in detail herein; the lifting mechanism 3 is connected with the top of the hanging wheel 5 by adopting a steel cable 4, and the surface of the hanging wheel 5 is adhered with a reflective strip 6; the main beam 2 is provided with an camber deflection detection device 7, the right end of the support frame 1 is provided with a controller 8, the bottom of the lifting mechanism 3 is fixed with a lifting height detection device 9, and a computer module is arranged in the controller 8.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 14, a device and a method for detecting comprehensive performance of a hoisting machine are disclosed, wherein the device 7 comprises a first movable seat 71, a tensioning seat structure 72, a second movable seat 73, a vertical plate 74, a first target 75, a second target 76 and a sliding amount detecting device 77, the first movable seat 71 slides along the horizontal direction of the top of the main beam 2, the first movable seat 71 and the second movable seat 73 are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the tensioning seat structure 72, the vertical plate 74 is arranged at the right end of the main beam 2, the first target 75 and the second target 76 are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the vertical plate 74, the bottom of the vertical plate 74 is fixedly provided with the sliding amount detecting device 77, the structure of the first movable seat 71 is matched with the structure of the second movable seat 73, the right end of the movable seat 71 is provided with a laser measurer 71a, the right end of the second movable seat 73a is provided with a laser measurer 73a, the first laser measurer 71a and the second measurer 73a are electrically connected with a computer module, the first laser measurer 71a and the second laser measurer 73a are respectively provided with a laser emitter 7a, an imaging detector 7b, a detector 7c and a data detector 7e are arranged on the imaging detector 7b and a line detector 7b, the imaging detector 7e and a data c are arranged on the imaging detector 7b and the imaging detector b are respectively arranged on the imaging device 7b and the imaging device 7 b.
Referring to fig. 7 and 15, a device and a method for detecting comprehensive performance of hoisting machinery, the tensioning seat structure 72 includes a positioning plate 721, a guide rail 722, a moving plate 723, a sliding rod 724, a pressure spring 725, a servo motor 726 and a roller 727, wherein the right end of the positioning plate 721 is provided with the guide rail 722, the moving plate 723 slides along a vertical direction on the guide rail 722, so that the moving plate 723 vertically moves, the upper end of the moving plate 723 is fixed with a first moving seat 71, the cross section of the sliding rod 724 is in an L-shaped structure, the moving plate 723 is fixed with a right upper protrusion of the sliding rod 724, the sliding rod 724 penetrates through the left end of the positioning plate 721, the sliding rod 724 is fixed with the bottom of the pressure spring 725, the top of the pressure spring 725 is fixed with the positioning plate 721, the left end of the roller 727 contacts with a main beam 2, so as to drive the first moving seat 71 and the second moving seat 73 to horizontally move, the sliding plate 723, the sliding rod 724 and the pressure spring 725 form an adjusting module a together, and the adjusting module a is provided with two groups, which are oppositely arranged along the upper side and lower sides of the positioning plate 721.
Referring to fig. 8-9, a device and a method for detecting comprehensive performance of lifting machinery, the device 77 for detecting sliding quantity comprises a receiving frame 771, a stepping motor 772, a coupling 773, a ball screw 774, a movable seat 775, a ball slide 776, a connecting seat 777 and a swinging mechanism 778, wherein the receiving frame 771 is arranged at the bottom of a vertical plate 74, the stepping motor 772 is arranged at the upper end of the interior of the receiving frame 771, the stepping motor 772 is in transmission connection with the top of the ball screw 774 by adopting the coupling 773, the ball screw 774 is in movable connection with the inner side of the movable seat 775, the ball screw 774 is provided with the ball slide 776, the ball slide 776 is fixed with the right end of the connecting seat 777, and the left end of the connecting seat 777 is provided with the swinging mechanism 778.
Further, the swinging mechanism 778 comprises an electric push rod 77a, a rack 77b, a gear 77c, a linkage shaft 77d, a turntable 77e, a movable block 77f, a rotating rod 77g, a swinging arm 77h, a connecting rod 77i, a focusing laser sensor 77j and an L-shaped seat 77k, wherein the electric push rod 77a is arranged at the left end of the inside of the connecting seat 777, the rack 77b synchronously moves along with the output end of the electric push rod 77a, the rack 77b is meshed with the top of the gear 77c for transmission, the gear 77c is in transmission connection with the middle part of the turntable 77e by adopting the linkage shaft 77d, the front end of the turntable 77e is provided with the movable block 77f, the middle part of the movable block 77f is movably connected with the rotating rod 77g, the swinging arm 77h synchronously rotates along with the rotating rod 77g, the rotating rod 77g is arranged at the rear end of the inner side of the swinging arm 77h, the swinging arm 77h is movably connected with the inner side of the L-shaped seat 77k, the front end of the connecting rod 77i is provided with the focusing laser sensor 77j, the right end of the L-shaped seat 77k is fixed with the connecting seat 777, the ball type 77b is driven by a stepping motor 772 to drive the ball type 77j or the rotary sensor 77j can realize forward and backward movement of the focusing laser sensor 77j along with the rotating rod 77j, and the movable block 77f is in a moving along with the middle part of the turntable 77 f.
Referring to fig. 10-11, a lifting mechanical comprehensive performance detection device and a lifting mechanical comprehensive performance detection method, the lifting mechanical comprehensive performance detection device 9 comprises a protection frame 91, a first detection structure 92, a second detection structure 93 and a noise sensor 94, the noise sensor 94 is arranged in the protection frame 91, the protection frame 91 is fixed at the bottom of the lifting mechanism 3, the first detection structure 92 and the second detection structure 93 are oppositely arranged on the left side and the right side of the inside of the protection frame 91, the first detection structure 92 is matched with the second detection structure 93 and symmetrically arranged, the first detection structure 92 comprises a supporting seat 921, a swinging seat 922, lifting guide wheels 923, a rotation speed sensor 924, a sensing plate 925, a sensing through hole 926, a proximity switch 927 and a spring buffer 928, the bottom of the supporting seat 921 is fixed with the protection frame 91, the supporting seat 921 is movably connected with the bottom of the swinging seat 922, the swinging seat 923 is movably connected with the inner side of the lifting guide wheels 925, the rotation speed sensor 924 is arranged at the right upper end of the swinging seat 922, the middle of the lifting guide wheels 923 is provided with a sensing plate 925, the sensing through hole is annularly distributed in the middle of the detecting plate 923, the left end of the swinging seat 922 is provided with a left end of the swinging seat 927 is arranged close to the left end of the spring 92 and is connected with the left end of the right end of the steel cable 9292, the left end of the sliding seat 924 is movably connected with the left end of the sliding guide seat 9292, and the other end of the sliding guide structure is movably connected with the left end of the sliding guide wheel 9293, and the sliding guide structure is arranged between the sliding seat is movably is connected with the sliding seat 923.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 5-6, a device and a method for detecting the comprehensive performance of a lifting machine are disclosed, a sliding block 72a, a movable wheel seat 72b, a movable wheel 72c, a bearing seat 72d and a rotating wheel 72e are arranged on a moving plate 723, a guide rail 722 penetrates through the middle part of the sliding block 72a, the movable wheel seat 72b is arranged on the inner side of the sliding block 72a, the movable wheel seat 72b is movably connected with the middle part of the movable wheel 72c, the movable wheel 72c is in sliding fit with the left end of the guide rail 722, the movable wheel 72c is attached to the left side and the right side of the guide rail 722, the moving plate 723 can be vertically guided, bearing seats 72d are circumferentially distributed on the front side and the rear side of the movable wheel 72c, a rotating wheel 72e is arranged on the middle part of the bearing seat 72d, and the rotating wheel 72e can be attached to the front end and the rear end of the inner side of the moving plate 723, so that the moving plate 723 can be further guided when moving, and the detecting accuracy is improved.
In summary, when in use, the components of the camber deflection detection device 7 and the lifting height detection device 9 are arranged at proper positions on the crane;
then, each part is debugged, so that the normal work of the parts is ensured;
then the laser emitted by the first laser measurer 71a and the second laser measurer 73a respectively strike the first target 75 and the second target 76, the first target 75 and the second target 76 respectively retroreflect part of the laser to the imagers 7b in the corresponding laser measurers, the imagers 7b send the target images to the linear array detector 7c, the linear array detector 7c converts the optical signals into electric signals and then inputs the electric signals to the computer module through the data collector 7d and the connected transmission cables; the computer module calculates the position difference twice to obtain the deflection deformation and camber deformation of the main beam;
meanwhile, the servo motor 726 drives the roller 727 to rotate, so that the roller 727 is in contact transmission with the main beam 2, and the movable seat I71, the tensioning seat structure 72 and the movable seat II 73 are driven to horizontally move, in the moving process, the movable seat I71 and the movable seat II 73 always keep the fitting degree with the upper end face and the lower end face of the main beam 2 due to the tensioning action of the pressure spring 725, the emitting positions of the laser measurer I71 a and the laser measurer II 73a can be ensured to be the real height of a measuring area, the measuring accuracy is improved, meanwhile, the camber and the lower deflection of the whole section of main beam can be continuously measured, and the accuracy of measuring the camber and the lower deflection of the main beam of the crane is improved;
then, searching the reflective strip 6 through the focusing laser sensor 77j, performing telescopic motion by the electric push rod 77a, driving the rack 77b to horizontally move, driving the rotary table 77e to synchronously rotate by the rack 77b through the linkage shaft 77d on the gear 77c, driving the upper movable block 77f to perform turnover motion by the rotary table 77e, enabling the movable block 77f to slide on the rotary table 77g, pushing the swinging arm 77h to swing, and adjusting the searching angle of the focusing laser sensor 77j, wherein after the focusing laser sensor 77j searches the reflective strip 6, the displacement sensor 77j1 records the current position and searching angle of the focusing laser sensor 77j, and simultaneously, starting the crane braking device by the computer module, and starting to brake the crane;
after the braking of the crane is completed, the computer module feeds back a signal to the stepper motor 772, the stepper motor 772 is controlled to drive the ball screw 774 to rotate forwards or reversely, so that the focusing laser sensor 77j can be lifted, the focusing laser sensor 77j can search the reflective strip 6, after the focusing laser sensor 77j searches the reflective strip 6, the stepper motor 772 stops working, and meanwhile the displacement sensor 77j1 records the current position of the focusing laser sensor 77j again; the computer module processes the position information of the focusing laser sensor 77j recorded twice to obtain the braking slipping quantity;
then, in the working process of the crane, the steel cable 4 passing through the lifting guide wheel 923 is driven to rotate when moving, the proximity switch 927 detects the number of turns of the lifting guide wheel 923, and the number of times that the sensing through hole 926 passes through the proximity switch 927 on the sensing plate 925 is detected, so that the moving distance of the steel cable 4 is equal to the linear displacement of the lifting guide wheel 923, and the walking distance of the steel cable 4 can be obtained by the computer module according to the circumference and the number of turns of the lifting guide wheel 923, and the lifting height of the lifting hook connected to the end part of the steel cable 4 can be obtained; meanwhile, the rotating speed sensor 924 converts the rotating speed of the lifting guide wheel 923 into the corresponding lifting speed of the steel cable 4, so that the lifting speed of the steel cable 4 of the crane is well measured, stall is avoided as much as possible, the noise sensor 94 is used for receiving the transmission sound wave of the steel cable 4, displaying the vibration image of sound, facilitating analysis of whether the steel cable 4 is stably transmitted, and the spring buffer 928 is additionally arranged, so that the polarization force during the transmission of the lifting guide wheel 923 can be absorbed, the lifting guide wheel 923 is stably rotated, and the measurement accuracy is improved;
and finally, comprehensively detecting and summarizing the camber, the deflection, the brake slip, the lifting height and the lifting speed of the crane through a computer module, transmitting the detected and summarized data into a cloud database, storing the data, and realizing online detection and fault diagnosis of the crane through managing and summarizing the data.
The control mode of the invention is controlled by manually starting and closing the switch, the wiring diagram of the power element and the supply of the power supply are common knowledge in the field, and the invention is mainly used for protecting the mechanical device, so the invention does not explain the control mode and the wiring arrangement in detail.
The control mode of the invention is automatically controlled by the controller, the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming of a person skilled in the art, the supply of power also belongs to common knowledge in the art, and the invention is mainly used for protecting a mechanical device, so the invention does not explain the control mode and circuit connection in detail.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a hoisting machinery comprehensive properties detection device which characterized in that: comprises a supporting frame (1);
the support frame (1) is arranged at the left side and the right side of the bottom of the main beam (2), and a lifting mechanism (3) is arranged at the top of the main beam (2);
the lifting mechanism (3) is connected with the top of the hanging wheel (5) by adopting a steel cable (4), and a reflecting strip (6) is adhered to the surface of the hanging wheel (5);
the device is characterized in that a camber deflection detection device (7) is arranged on the main beam (2), a controller (8) is arranged at the right end of the supporting frame (1), a lifting height detection device (9) is fixed at the bottom of the lifting mechanism (3), and a computer module is arranged in the controller (8);
the camber deflection detection device (7) comprises a first movable seat (71), a tensioning seat structure (72), a second movable seat (73), a vertical plate (74), a first target (75), a second target (76) and a sliding quantity detection device (77), wherein the first movable seat (71) slides along the horizontal direction of the top of the main beam (2), the first movable seat (71) and the second movable seat (73) are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the tensioning seat structure (72), the vertical plate (74) is arranged at the right end of the main beam (2), the first target (75) and the second target (76) are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the vertical plate (74), and the sliding quantity detection device (77) is fixed at the bottom of the vertical plate (74);
the structure of the first movable seat (71) is matched with that of the second movable seat (73), a first laser measurer (71 a) is arranged at the right end of the first movable seat (71), a second laser measurer (73 a) is arranged at the right end of the second movable seat (73), the first laser measurer (71 a) and the second laser measurer (73 a) are electrically connected with a computer module, the tensioning seat structure (72) comprises a positioning plate (721), a guide rail (722), a movable plate (723), a slide bar (724), a pressure spring (725), a servo motor (726) and a roller (727), the right end of the positioning plate (721) is provided with the guide rail (722), the movable plate (723) slides along the vertical direction on the guide rail (722), the upper end of the movable plate (723) is fixed with the first movable seat (71), the cross section of the slide bar (724) is in an L-shaped structure, the movable plate (723) is fixed with the bulge at the right upper end of the slide bar (724), the slide bar (724) penetrates through the left end of the positioning plate (721), and the bottom of the slide bar (723) is fixed with the top of the pressure spring (727), and the top of the pressure spring (727) is fixed with the top of the guide rail (727).
2. The lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the movable plate (723), the slide rod (724) and the pressure spring (725) mutually form an adjusting module (A), wherein two groups of adjusting modules (A) are arranged in total and are oppositely arranged along the upper side and the lower side of the positioning plate (721).
3. The lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides a gliding volume detection device (77) is including accepting frame (771), step motor (772), shaft coupling (773), ball screw (774), movable seat (775), ball slide (776), connecting seat (777), swing mechanism (778), accept frame (771) and install in the bottom of riser (74), the inside upper end of accepting frame (771) is provided with step motor (772), step motor (772) adopt the top transmission of shaft coupling (773) and ball screw (774) to be connected, ball screw (774) and the inboard swing joint of movable seat (775), be provided with ball slide (776) on ball screw (774), ball slide (776) are fixed with the right-hand member of connecting seat (777), the left end of connecting seat (777) is provided with swing mechanism (778).
4. A lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: swing mechanism (778) include electric putter (77 a), rack (77 b), gear (77 c), universal driving axle (77 d), carousel (77 e), movable block (77 f), bull stick (77 g), swing arm (77 h), connecting rod (77 i), focus laser sensor (77 j), L shape seat (77 k), electric putter (77 a) install in the inside left end of connecting seat (777), rack (77 b) follow the synchronous removal of output of electric putter (77 a), rack (77 b) and the top meshing transmission of gear (77 c), gear (77 c) adopt universal driving axle (77 d) to be connected with the middle part transmission of carousel (77 e), the front end of carousel (77 e) is provided with movable block (77 f), the middle part and bull stick (77 g) swing arm (77 h) are synchronous to rotate along with bull stick (77 g), and bull stick (77 g) install in the inboard rear end of swing arm (77 h), swing arm (77 h) adopt the connecting rod (77 j) to be connected with the fixed seat (77 k) of connecting rod (77 k) of connecting seat (77 j).
5. The lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device according to claim 4, wherein: the focusing laser sensor (77 j) is provided with a displacement sensor (77 j 1), and the movable block (77 f) moves in a circumferential shape along with the turntable (77 e).
6. The lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting height detection device (9) comprises a protection frame (91), a first detection structure (92), a second detection structure (93) and a noise sensor (94), the noise sensor (94) is arranged in the protection frame (91), the protection frame (91) is fixed at the bottom of the lifting mechanism (3), the first detection structure (92) and the second detection structure (93) are oppositely arranged at the left side and the right side of the inside of the protection frame (91), the first detection structure (92) is matched with the second detection structure (93) and symmetrically arranged with each other, the first detection structure (92) comprises a supporting seat (921), a swinging seat (922), a lifting guide wheel (923), a rotation speed sensor (924), a sensing plate (925), a sensing through hole (926), a proximity switch (927) and a spring buffer (928), the bottom of the supporting seat (921) is fixed with the protection frame (91), the supporting seat (921) is movably connected with the bottom of the swinging seat (922), the swinging seat (922) is movably connected with the inner side of the lifting guide wheel (923), the rotation speed sensor (926) is arranged at the middle part of the sensing plate (923) and is provided with the sensing through hole (926), the left end of swing seat (922) is provided with proximity switch (927), spring buffer (928) one end and the left end swing seat (922) swing joint, spring buffer (928) other end and supporting seat (921) swing joint.
7. The lifting machinery comprehensive performance detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the steel cable (4) penetrates through the middle of the protection frame (91) and is respectively contacted with the right end of the first detection structure (92) and the left end of the second detection structure (93).
8. A method for detecting the comprehensive performance of hoisting machinery, which uses the comprehensive performance detection device of hoisting machinery according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, laser emitted by a first laser measurer (71 a) and a second laser measurer (73 a) respectively strike a first target (75) and a second target (76), the first target (75) and the second target (76) respectively reflect part of the laser back to imagers in the corresponding laser measurers, the imagers send target images to a linear array detector, the linear array detector converts optical signals into electric signals and then the electric signals are input into a computer module through a connected transmission cable; the computer module calculates the position difference twice to obtain the deflection deformation and camber deformation of the main beam;
step S2, a servo motor (726) drives a roller (727) to rotate, so that the roller (727) is in contact transmission with a main beam (2), thereby driving a first movable seat (71), a tensioning seat structure (72) and a second movable seat (73) to horizontally move, and in the moving process, the first movable seat (71) and the second movable seat (73) always keep the fitting degree with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the main beam (2) due to the tensioning action of a pressure spring (725), so that the emitting positions of a first laser measurer (71 a) and a second laser measurer (73 a) are the real height of a measuring area, the measuring accuracy is improved, the camber and the lower deflection of the whole section of main beam can be continuously measured, and the camber and the lower deflection of the main beam of the crane are measured;
step S3, searching a reflective strip (6) through a focusing laser sensor (77 j), enabling a swinging mechanism (778) to adjust the searching angle of the focusing laser sensor (77 j), and recording the current position and searching angle of the focusing laser sensor (77 j) by a displacement sensor (77 j 1) after the focusing laser sensor (77 j) searches the reflective strip (6), and enabling a crane braking device to start braking by a computer module; after the braking of the crane is finished, the computer module feeds back a signal to the stepping motor (772), the stepping motor (772) is controlled to drive the ball screw (774) to rotate forwards or reversely, so that the focusing laser sensor (77 j) can lift, the focusing laser sensor (77 j) can search the reflecting strip (6), after the focusing laser sensor (77 j) searches the reflecting strip (6), the stepping motor (772) stops working, and meanwhile the displacement sensor (77 j 1) records the current position of the focusing laser sensor (77 j) again; the computer module processes the position information of the focusing laser sensor (77 j) recorded twice to obtain the braking slipping quantity;
step S4, in the working process of the crane, the steel cable (4) passing through the lifting guide wheel (923) drives the lifting guide wheel (923) to rotate when moving, the proximity switch (927) detects the rotating number of turns of the lifting guide wheel (923), and the moving distance of the steel cable (4) is equal to the linear displacement of the lifting guide wheel (923), so that the computer module can obtain the walking distance of the steel cable (4) according to the circumference of the lifting guide wheel (923) and the rotating number of turns, and the lifting height of a lifting hook connected to the end part of the steel cable (4) can be obtained; meanwhile, the rotating speed sensor (924) converts the rotating speed of the lifting guide wheel (923) into the lifting speed of the corresponding steel cable (4), so that the lifting speed of the steel cable (4) of the crane is well measured, and stall is avoided as much as possible;
and S5, finally, comprehensively detecting and summarizing the camber, the deflection, the brake slip quantity, the lifting height and the lifting speed of the crane through a computer module, transmitting the comprehensive detection and summarizing to a cloud database, storing the data, and realizing online detection and fault diagnosis of the crane through managing and summarizing the data.
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