CN109371064A - The method of storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk - Google Patents
The method of storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk Download PDFInfo
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- CN109371064A CN109371064A CN201811344477.6A CN201811344477A CN109371064A CN 109371064 A CN109371064 A CN 109371064A CN 201811344477 A CN201811344477 A CN 201811344477A CN 109371064 A CN109371064 A CN 109371064A
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- cereal crops
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P2201/00—Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of to mix storage biogas project raw material using cereal crops stalk with vegetables residuum, comprising: (1) crushing material unit: cereal crops stalk and vegetables residuum are subjected to comminution pretreatment respectively;(2) convey mixed cell: material after crushed conveys respectively and imports automatic mixing apparatus;(3) bacterium unit is sprayed in water transfer: adjusting the moisture content of material in automatic mixing apparatus, adds agent of lactic acid bacteria;(4) be pressed and sealed unit: deployed mixed material is delivered to material storing point and stacks and be compacted, covering plastic film or antiseepage membrane material;This method of the present invention is easy to operate, quick; proper scale biogas project raw material storage operation; adaptability to raw material is strong; without adding auxiliary material; both the long term guarantee quality storage of biogas fermentation material may be implemented; stalk fibrid element fermentation raw material is pre-processed again, achieve the purpose that improve biogas fermentation efficiency and reduces biogas project operating cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to utilization of agricultural resources utilization and ecological environmental protection field more particularly to a kind of utilization cereal crops stalks
The method of storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum.
Background technique
As the increasingly depleted and new energy demand of fossil energy is continuously increased, the development and utilization of the bioenergies such as biogas
In the ascendant, agricultural crop straw especially cereal crops stalk has become main production raw material, but stalk cutting has significantly
Seasonal and timeliness, it is necessary to which properly storage could provide high-quality content of starting materials for the whole year sustainable production of biogas project.Therefore,
How to realize that the storage of stalk long term guarantee quality has become the major issue that straw methane engineering faces.
Traditional stalk banking system has the modes such as air-dried, ensiling and yellow storage, wherein the mode of air-drying have nutriment and
The disadvantages of moisture loss is big, low efficiency, fire-prone, influence digestion process uses water cost and biogas production benefit;To wind
For dry straw after dry yellow, fiber content is high, water-soluble carbohydrate content is low, and composed structure is complicated, tough and tensile, adds
Dry straw cauline leaf on the lactic acid bacteria that adheres to naturally it is less, be not suitable for directly carrying out ensiling operation;And the stalk that ensiling uses must
Must be fresh, 60%~75%, this method is difficult to improve Biogas Fermentation Progress while realizing that fresh stalk saves for a long time moisture content
Amount and quality.In addition, the stalk for biogas project air-dries, degree is different, and physicochemical property is totally different, especially when raw material soluble sugar
When insufficient, the storage quality of cereal crops stalk can be seriously affected.
In recent years, with the commercialized development that the increase of China's vegetable cultivation area, fruits and vegetables and clean vegetables circulate, largely
Vegetables residuum is simply discarded or fills easily initiation environmental pollution.Leafy vegetable contains large quantity of moisture and sugar, if can utilize
Dry straw and abandoned vegetable physical structure, nutrition composition and in terms of complementarity carry out mixing storage, then not
Only it is able to achieve the long-term preservation of dry straw, moreover it is possible to effectively administer the discarded environmental pollution caused of vegetables.
103315196 A of publication number CN discloses a kind of method of rice straw ensilage, according to fodder grass or jade
Rice ensiling raw material, a kind of method for designing rice straw second-compressed ensiling solve rice straw storage problem;Publication number CN
101857881 A disclose transport, storage and the processing method of a kind of stalk as biogas production, and stalk is crushed as 3-
The stalk powder of 5mm partial size is simultaneously pressed into density as 0.3-0.6g/cm3Low-density straw blocks, then transport, store;Ma Hui
Juan et al. (environmental science, 2013,34(9): 358-363) result of study shows to contain using sprinkling alkali or urea liquid in wheat straw
Under the conditions of water 20%, it can be ensured that wheat straw without putrefaction is rotten.Although rice straw, corn stalk and lower may be implemented in above method
The storage problem of moisture content wheat straw, but there are still need the solution such as second-compressed or sprinkling alkali, urea or grinding particle size meticulous
Etc. drawbacks.
103518957 A of publication number CN discloses a kind of technique using waste dish and wheat stalk production ensilage, leads to
Soluble sugar content in increase raw material is crossed, the means such as addition lactic bacteria useful carry out fodder processing to waste dish and wheat stalk,
The preferable ensilage of nutritive value can be obtained;106689700 A of publication number CN discloses a kind of based on waste dish fodder benefit
Green forage storage process, the technique is by the smashed separation of solid and liquid residue of green forage and squeezes juice through flocculation sedimentation
Sediment afterwards carries out mixed silage and obtains ensilage.Above method is all based on the waste dish that fodder is applied or waste dish and straw
Stalk mixing storage treatment process, the evaluation of storage quality and biogas fermentation material have essential distinction, and fodder application is laid particular emphasis on
Nutriment loss, digestibility and palatability after raw material storage etc., and biogas fermentation material lays particular emphasis on energy component (cellulose
And hemicellulose) preservation, wood fibre structure pretreating effect and efficient energy conversion etc..
Therefore, biogas project raw material long term guarantee quality storage problem how is solved, the season of cereal crops straw collecting is overcome
Property the contradiction and tight problem of crops for rotation, and fully consider the stalk of biogas project air-dry that degree is different, physicochemical property is totally different and
The feature of raw material soluble sugar deficiency, developing inexpensive, efficient and easy-operating scale storage method is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention, which provides a kind of mix using cereal crops stalk with vegetables residuum, stores biogas work
The method of journey raw material can meet the needs of biogas project stalk long term storage, the present invention is implemented as follows:
A method of storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk, comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing material unit: cereal crops stalk and vegetables residuum are subjected to comminution pretreatment respectively, make smashed two kinds
Material is 5cm or less;
(2) mixed cell is conveyed;Cereal crops stalk and vegetables residuum after crushed distinguishes communicated band or auger conveys, and
Import automatic mixing apparatus (mixed fodder blender);
(3) bacterium unit is sprayed in water transfer: enter the material in automatic mixing apparatus, water is suitably added according to the water regime of mixed material,
Adjusting mixed material moisture content is 60%-75%, and agent of lactic acid bacteria is added, and is uniformly mixed obtains deployed mixed material together;
In specific implementation, be guarantee storage effect, vegetables residuum amount of dry matter account for the 10% of mixed material total solid yield with
On, preferably 20%;
(4) be pressed and sealed unit: deployed mixed material is delivered to material storing point, one layer of every heap, with heavy type through conveyer belt
Mechanical ramming, after being stacked and be compacted layer by layer, so that the pressed density of storage material reaches 0.3-0.5 tons/cubic meter, or compression
When have from material liquid outflow until, be then covered on mixed material surface with plastic film or antiseepage membrane material, use simultaneously
The weights such as sandbag, waste tire compress film or antiseepage membrane material;There is follow-up storage effect in the pressed density for storing material
Great influence, the purpose of compacting are discharges additional air (main is oxygen), and compacting is insufficient, and oxygen, which will exclude deficiency, will increase
The rotten speed of material aerobic fermentation.
In the present invention, the cereal crops stalk refers to the general name of cereal crops cauline leaf (fringe) part after maturation, usually
Refer to the remainder after harvesting seed such as wheat, rice, corn, oat, rye, barley, millet, sorghum and highland barley;It is described
Vegetables residuum refers to remaining stem, leaf, flower, fruit after generate in vegetable production process or harvest.
In the present invention in water transfer spray bacterium unit, added agent of lactic acid bacteria refers to that the inoculum concentration of agent of lactic acid bacteria is mixed material weight
0.5% or more of percentage is measured, it can also be according to agent of lactic acid bacteria specification dose inoculation.
In the present invention, the agent of lactic acid bacteria for stating addition is silage fermentation special bacteria agent, first uses (general 100g lactic acid bacteria using preceding
Agent be added 200-300kg clear water in) clear water activation, and add a little brown sugar (general brown sugar additive amount be clear water quality 1%-
2%), promote microbial inoculum fast-propagation, sufficiently dissolve, standing 2 hours can be used.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
First, the present invention provides the work flows that a kind of scale biogas project carries out stalk storage, are suitable for air-drying
The different stalk of degree;Second, the method for the present invention makes full use of dry straw and vegetables residuum in physics without adding auxiliary material
The complementarity of the inventions such as structure, nutrition composition and moisture content carries out mixing storage;Third, method provided by the present invention both may be used
To realize the long term guarantee quality storage of biogas fermentation material, and stalk fibrid element fermentation raw material is pre-processed, reaches raising
Biogas fermentation efficiency and the purpose for reducing biogas project operating cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the work flow schematic diagram of present invention mixing storage biogas project raw material.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing discloses the specific structure of the embodiment of the present invention without limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to this hair
It is bright to be further elaborated.
Raw material and equipment source in embodiment:
Agent of lactic acid bacteria is purchased from Jiangsu Province Agriculture Science Institute herding research institute;
Auger device is purchased from wind mechanical Co., Ltd of Changzhou Soviet Union;
Automatic mixing apparatus (mixed fodder blender) is purchased from Qufu will at Machinery Co., Ltd., model: ZC-1.5).
Embodiment 1 individually stores and mixes storage comparative test
Testing used raw material is the discarded residuum of leaf vegetables for air-drying corn stover and vegetable gardens, and grouping is provided that
Single storage group: corn stover individually storage group is air-dried;
Mixed storage group: corn stover and vegetables residuum mixing storage group are air-dried (dry matter ratio is 8:2);
Storage test carries out (storage pocket specification is 40cm × 30cm) in transparent storage pocket, first by air-dried corn stover and vegetable
Dish residuum is crushed to 5cm respectively hereinafter, then manually stirring evenly, and suitably adds water according to the water regime of mixed material, adjusts
Saving mixed material moisture content is 70%, while adding 0.5% agent of lactic acid bacteria (in terms of material fresh weight accounting), is uniformly mixed together
Afterwards, it then packs, air extracting seal.Two test groups are respectively arranged 9 bags, respectively at test the 1st, 3, May randomly select each examination
3 bags tested in group analyze and produce biogas potentiality analysis for storage quality, and the data result of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1.
" the Chinese Academy of Sciences's Chengdu institute of microbiology biogas conventional analysis of biogas potentiality detection method bibliography is produced in table 1
Beijing method [M]: Science Press, the method disclosed in 1979:17-21. ".
Storage quality and production biogas potentiality comparative study under the conditions of 1 list storage of table and mixed storage
Seen from table 1, compared with single storage group, the pH value in mixed storage group storing process more quickly reaches 4.0 hereinafter, guaranteeing more
Good fungistatic effect, relative to initial material component is stored, mixes the drop of storage group from the point of view of dry matter and lignocellulosic component
Solution rate is relatively low, but from the point of view of the result for producing biogas potentiality, and either single storage still mixes storage, with the extension of Storage period, produces biogas
Potentiality are all presented " quickly increase-slowly increase-slightly reduce " trend, but mixed storage group is in the more single storage group of amplification of each Storage period
Greatly, comprehensive to show that less dry matter loss and component degradation in compared with long pot life may be implemented, obtain by mixing storage mode
Obtain higher production biogas potentiality.
The mixing storage of embodiment 2
The present embodiment mixing Stored Procedure schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1, its step are as follows:
(1) crushing material unit: cereal crops stalk and vegetables residuum is (after generate in vegetable production process or harvest remaining
Stem, leaf, flower, fruit) carry out comminution pretreatment respectively, making smashed two kinds of materials is 5cm or less;
In the present embodiment, used stalk be wheat stalk, in specific implementation, also can be used rice, corn, oat,
Remainder of the cereal crops such as rye, barley, millet, sorghum and highland barley after harvesting seed.
(2) mixed cell is conveyed;Cereal crops stalk after crushed distinguishes communicated band with vegetables residuum or auger is defeated
It send, and imports automatic mixing apparatus (mixed fodder blender);
(3) bacterium unit is sprayed in water transfer: enter the material in automatic mixing apparatus, water is suitably added according to the water regime of mixed material,
Adjusting mixed material moisture content is 60%-75%, while adding agent of lactic acid bacteria, is uniformly mixed obtains deployed mixture together
Material.
In the present embodiment, vegetables residuum amount of dry matter accounts for the 20% of mixed material total solid yield, in specific implementation, only
Ensure that vegetables residuum amount of dry matter accounts for 10% or more of mixed material total solid yield, the purpose of invention can be achieved.
In the present embodiment, the additive amount of agent of lactic acid bacteria is the 0.5% of quality of material, in specific implementation, can also be according to cream
The addition of the microbial inoculum product description amount of being recommended to use.
Agent of lactic acid bacteria before inoculation, first with 200-300kg clear water activate, and add brown sugar (general additive amount be clear water matter
The 1%-2% of amount), promote microbial inoculum fast-propagation, sufficiently dissolve, is inoculated in material after standing 2 hours.
(4) be pressed and sealed unit: deployed mixed material is delivered to material storing point through conveyer belt, and one layer of every heap is used
Heavy-duty machinery compacting, after being stacked and be compacted layer by layer, so that the pressed density of storage material reaches 0.3-0.5 tons/cubic meter, or
Until having liquid outflow when compression from material, it then is covered on mixed material surface with plastic film or antiseepage membrane material, together
When with weights such as sandbag, waste tires compress film or antiseepage membrane material.
After above-mentioned storage is completed one month, regular sampling analysis (in sampling, to guarantee that sampling or feeding used as far as possible
Reduce material contact oxygen in journey and rot, accomplish that sampling is quick as far as possible, and after quickly plastic film is covered,
And use nitrogen (N2) or carbon dioxide (CO2) etc. inert gases sample point or feeding position are subjected to displacement 5 minutes or more).This
The data result of embodiment is as shown in table 2, and detection method is the same as embodiment 1.
Storage quality and production biogas potentiality comparative study under the conditions of the mixed storage of table 2
From Table 2, it can be seen that by mixing storage mode, it is possible to reduce the dry matter loss in material prolonged storage, and
Play the role of pretreated, the final increase realized material and produce biogas potentiality.
The present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, be familiar with this
The technical staff in field can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications are all answered
It falls within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for mixing storage biogas project raw material with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk, which is characterized in that tool
Steps are as follows for body:
(1) crushing material: cereal crops stalk and vegetables residuum are crushed respectively;
Conveying mixing;The smashed cereal crops stalk of step (1) and vegetables residuum are distinguished into communicated band or auger conveys, is converged
Enter automatic mixing apparatus, obtains initial mixture material;
Bacterium is sprayed in water transfer: adjusting initial mixture material moisture content is 60%-75%, and agent of lactic acid bacteria is added, and is mixed
Material;
It is pressed and sealed: mixed material being delivered to material storing point and stacks compacting, is i.e. completion cereal crops stalk and vegetables residuum
Mix the storage of biogas project raw material.
2. the method that storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, step (1) crushing, which refers to, is crushed to 5cm or less.
3. the method that storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, step (1) the cereal crops stalk includes remainder of the cereal crops after harvesting seed, the grain
Crop includes at least one of wheat, rice, corn, oat, rye, barley, millet, sorghum, highland barley.
4. the method that storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, step (1) the vegetables residuum includes remaining residuum after generating or harvest in vegetable production process;It is described residual
Body includes at least one of the stems of vegetables, leaf, flower, fruit.
5. the method that storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, vegetables residuum amount of dry matter accounts for 10% or more of mixed material amount of dry matter in step (3) described mixed material.
6. the method that storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk according to claim 1,
Refer to it is characterized in that, step (4) stacks compacting, the pressed density that stacking is densified to material is 0.3-0.5 tons/cubic meter.
7. the method that storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the quality of step (3) agent of lactic acid bacteria be added is the 5% of mixed material quality.
8. the method that storage biogas project raw material is mixed with vegetables residuum using cereal crops stalk according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, what step (3) the mixed lactic microbial inoculum was obtained by: agent of lactic acid bacteria being added in clear water, and is added clear
The brown sugar of the 1%-2% of water quality is added in mixed material after standing 2 hours.
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Citations (3)
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CN103518957A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-22 | 西北民族大学 | Technology for producing silage by utilizing smilax riparia and wheat straws |
CN105325689A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-17 | 西北民族大学 | Residue-vegetable compressing, bagging and stacking type silage production technology |
US10604774B2 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2020-03-31 | Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc | Production of renewable hydrocarbon compositions |
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2018
- 2018-11-13 CN CN201811344477.6A patent/CN109371064A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10604774B2 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2020-03-31 | Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc | Production of renewable hydrocarbon compositions |
CN103518957A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-22 | 西北民族大学 | Technology for producing silage by utilizing smilax riparia and wheat straws |
CN105325689A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-17 | 西北民族大学 | Residue-vegetable compressing, bagging and stacking type silage production technology |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
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MONICA ARDANUY,ET AL: "Vegetable fibres from agricultural residues as thermo-mechanical reinforcement in recyled polypropylene-based green foams", 《WASTE MANAGEMENT》 * |
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