CN109369198A - 一种MgO-CaO颗粒及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种MgO-CaO颗粒及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109369198A
CN109369198A CN201811403978.7A CN201811403978A CN109369198A CN 109369198 A CN109369198 A CN 109369198A CN 201811403978 A CN201811403978 A CN 201811403978A CN 109369198 A CN109369198 A CN 109369198A
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魏耀武
刘少坤
陈俊峰
李楠
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Wuhan University of Science and Technology WHUST
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种MgO‑CaO颗粒及其制备方法。其技术方案是:将水合MgO‑CaO粉体置于造粒设备的料桶中,再加入占所述水合MgO‑CaO粉体10~30wt%的水,造粒;将造粒制得的含水MgO‑CaO颗粒置于加热炉内,在1400~1700℃条件下保温1~5小时,制得MgO‑CaO颗粒。所述水合MgO‑CaO粉体的制备方法是:先将白云石在950~1000℃条件下热处理1~3小时,冷却后水化,过滤,干燥,得到水合MgO‑CaO坯体,将所述水合MgO‑CaO坯体粉磨,制得水合MgO‑CaO粉体。本发明制备的MgO‑CaO颗粒的抗水化性能好、使用温度高、高温性能稳定、抗碱性熔渣侵蚀能力强和对金属熔体具有净化作用,是制备镁钙耐火材料和陶瓷等高级材料的新型原料。

Description

一种MgO-CaO颗粒及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域。尤其涉及一种MgO-CaO颗粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
因白云石耐火材料不仅具有优异的化学稳定性和良好的高温使用性能,还具有其它耐火材料无法比拟的净化钢水的能力,因此是现代冶炼技术中所追求的高级耐火材料。但由于白云石耐火材料的主要原料镁钙砂在生产上难度较大和含CaO材料的抗水化性能差,尚未得以充分利用。白云石是白云岩的同义词,白云岩是单矿物岩,主要由白云岩组成。镁钙砂属于白云石质耐火材料。白云石的理论化学式为CaCO3·MgCO3,其中MgO含量为21.9%,CaO为30.4%。
目前,利用白云石生产镁钙砂的生产工艺如下:
(1)镁钙砂的烧结生产
镁钙砂的烧结生产包括白云石的轻烧和死烧二步煅烧工艺:轻烧白云石又称为苛性白云石,由白云石原料在1000℃左右煅烧而成,是采用二步煅烧法煅烧白云石时的第一步产物。轻烧白云石的体积密度很低,只有1.45g/cm3左右。
烧结白云石又称死烧白云石、硬烧白云石或白云石熟料,是将白云石在1700~1800℃烧结所得的产品。获得该产品的途径的两种:一种是将天然的矿石直接煅烧,即一步煅烧;另一种是将白云石经轻烧粉碎和高压压成球后再经高温煅烧,即二步煅烧法。经高温煅烧的坯料,需要破碎成指定粒度规格待用,由此使镁钙砂暴露出新的表面,容易水化,给生产和存储带来困难。
(2)镁钙砂的电熔生产工艺
白云石通过电熔可以获得镁钙砂;致密电熔白云石可通过电弧炉结晶熔炼,以低的结晶冷却速率促进MgO和CaO的晶体生长,或通过熔融浇铸使产品具有微观晶态结构。经高温电熔得到的坯料,也需要破碎成指定粒度规格待用,同样会使镁钙砂暴露出新的表面,容易水化,给生产和存储带来困难。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术不足,目的是提供一种工艺简单的MgO-CaO颗粒的制备方法,用该方法制备的MgO-CaO颗粒的抗水化性能好、使用温度高、高温性能稳定、抗碱性熔渣侵蚀能力强和对金属熔体具有净化作用。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:先将水合MgO-CaO粉体置于造粒设备的料桶中,再加入占所述水合MgO-CaO粉体10~30wt%的水,造粒,制得含水MgO-CaO颗粒。然后将所述含水MgO-CaO颗粒置于加热炉内,在1400~1700℃条件下保温1~5小时,制得MgO-CaO颗粒。
所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的制备方法是:先将白云石在950~1000℃条件下热处理1~3小时,冷却后水化20~28小时,得到MgO-CaO浆体;将所述MgO-CaO浆体用孔径为0.1mm的筛网过滤,再将过滤后的滤体在100~110℃条件下干燥20~28小时,得到水合MgO-CaO坯体;然后将所述水合MgO-CaO坯体粉磨,制得水合MgO-CaO粉体。
所述白云石的CaO含量≥30wt%,MgO含量≥20wt%;所述白云石的粒径为1~70mm。
所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的CaO含量≥52wt%,MgO含量≥32wt%;所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的粒径为1~300μm。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果:
1)本发明直接对MgO-CaO粉体造粒,中低温处理后即得MgO-CaO颗粒;工艺简单,产品无需破碎,抗水化性能好,可直接使用或存储,为生产提供了便利。
2)本发明在中低温处理过程中,由于水合MgO-CaO粉体的脱水反应,最终得到的MgO-CaO颗粒的孔隙度较高,作为耐火材料和高温陶瓷的原料,可以起到降低材料重量和隔热的使用效果。
3)本发明制备的MgO-CaO颗粒中的氧化钙的组份最大,而氧化钙是目前已知的氧化物中在高温下最稳定的化合物。同时,在烧结过程中,颗粒表面形成了一层致密的烧结表皮,可显著提高MgO-CaO颗粒的抗水化性能。故MgO-CaO颗粒的高温性能稳定和抗水化性能好。
4)现有的镁钙砂颗粒是由烧后镁钙坯体破碎成指定粒度而得,在破碎过程中,镁钙砂颗粒有形成了新的表面,原有的烧结表皮被破坏,从而容易水化。而本发明在烧结过程中MgO-CaO颗粒的表面形成了一层致密的烧结表皮,能有效将水蒸气和内部晶粒隔离开来,从而能显著提高MgO-CaO颗粒的抗水化性能。
本发明所制备的MgO-CaO颗粒经检测:CaO含量≥52wt%,MgO含量≥32wt%,体积密度≥2.7g/cm3;在50℃和90%湿度条件下保持10h,于110℃烘干后,坯体的水化增重率≤2%。
因此,本发明工艺简单,制备的MgO-CaO颗粒的抗水化性能好、使用温度高、高温性能稳定、抗碱性熔渣侵蚀能力强和对金属熔体具有净化作用,是制备镁钙耐火材料和陶瓷等高级材料的新型原料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的描述,并非对其保护范围的限制。
本具体实施方式中:
所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的制备方法是:先将白云石在950~1000℃条件下热处理1~3小时,冷却后水化20~28小时,得到MgO-CaO浆体;将所述MgO-CaO浆体用孔径为0.1mm的筛网过滤,再将过滤后的滤体在100~110℃条件下干燥20~28小时,得到水合MgO-CaO坯体;然后将所述水合MgO-CaO坯体粉磨,制得水合MgO-CaO粉体。
所述白云石的CaO含量≥30wt%,MgO含量≥20wt%;所述白云石的粒径为1~70mm。
所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的CaO含量≥52wt%,MgO含量≥32wt%;所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的粒径为1~300μm。
实施例中不再赘述。
实施例1
一种MgO-CaO颗粒及其制备方法。先将水合MgO-CaO粉体置于造粒设备的料桶中,再加入占所述水合MgO-CaO粉体10~15wt%的水,造粒,制得含水MgO-CaO颗粒。然后将所述含水MgO-CaO颗粒置于加热炉内,在1400~1500℃条件下保温3~5小时,制得MgO-CaO颗粒。
本实施例制备的MgO-CaO颗粒经检测:CaO含量为52~53wt%,MgO含量为35~38wt%,体积密度为2.7~2.8g/cm3;在50℃和90%湿度条件下保持10h,于110℃烘干后,坯体的水化增重率为1.5~2.0%。
实施例2
一种MgO-CaO颗粒及其制备方法。先将水合MgO-CaO粉体置于造粒设备的料桶中,再加入占所述水合MgO-CaO粉体15~20wt%的水,造粒,制得含水MgO-CaO颗粒。然后将所述含水MgO-CaO颗粒置于加热炉内,在1500~1600℃条件下保温1~3小时,制得MgO-CaO颗粒。
本实施例制备的MgO-CaO颗粒经检测:CaO含量为53~54wt%,MgO含量为34~35wt%,体积密度为2.8~2.9g/cm3;在50℃和90%湿度条件下保持10h,于110℃烘干后,坯体的水化增重率为1.0~1.5%。
实施例3
一种MgO-CaO颗粒及其制备方法。先将水合MgO-CaO粉体置于造粒设备的料桶中,再加入占所述水合MgO-CaO粉体20~30wt%的水,造粒,制得含水MgO-CaO颗粒。然后将所述含水MgO-CaO颗粒置于加热炉内,在1600~1700℃条件下保温3~5小时,制得MgO-CaO颗粒。
本实施例制备的MgO-CaO颗粒经检测:CaO含量为54~58wt%,MgO含量为32~34wt%,体积密度为2.9~3.1g/cm3;在50℃和90%湿度条件下保持10h,于110℃烘干后,坯体的水化增重率为0.5~1.0%。
本具体实施方式与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果:
1)本具体实施方式直接对MgO-CaO粉体造粒,中低温处理后即得MgO-CaO颗粒;工艺简单,产品无需破碎,抗水化性能好,可直接使用或存储,为生产提供了便利。
2)本具体实施方式在中低温处理过程中,由于水合MgO-CaO粉体的脱水反应,最终得到的MgO-CaO颗粒的孔隙度较高,作为耐火材料和高温陶瓷的原料,可以起到降低材料重量和隔热的使用效果。
3)本具体实施方式制备的MgO-CaO颗粒中的氧化钙的组份最大,而氧化钙是目前已知的氧化物中在高温下最稳定的化合物。同时,在烧结过程中,颗粒表面形成了一层致密的烧结表皮,可显著提高MgO-CaO颗粒的抗水化性能。故MgO-CaO颗粒的高温性能稳定和抗水化性能好。
4)现有的镁钙砂颗粒是由烧后镁钙坯体破碎成指定粒度而得,在破碎过程中,镁钙砂颗粒有形成了新的表面,原有的烧结表皮被破坏,从而容易水化。而本具体实施方式在烧结过程中MgO-CaO颗粒的表面形成了一层致密的烧结表皮,能有效将水蒸气和内部晶粒隔离开来,从而能显著提高MgO-CaO颗粒的抗水化性能。
本具体实施方式所制备的MgO-CaO颗粒经检测:CaO含量≥52wt%,MgO含量≥32wt%,体积密度≥2.7g/cm3;在50℃和90%湿度条件下保持10h,于110℃烘干后,坯体的水化增重率≤2%。
因此,本具体实施方式工艺简单,制备的MgO-CaO颗粒的抗水化性能好、使用温度高、高温性能稳定、抗碱性熔渣侵蚀能力强和对金属熔体具有净化作用,是制备镁钙耐火材料和陶瓷等高级材料的新型原料。

Claims (4)

1.一种MgO-CaO颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于:先将水合MgO-CaO粉体置于造粒设备的料桶中,再加入占所述水合MgO-CaO粉体10~30wt%的水,造粒,制得含水MgO-CaO颗粒;然后将所述含水MgO-CaO颗粒置于加热炉内,在1400~1700℃条件下保温1~5小时,制得MgO-CaO颗粒;
所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的制备方法是:先将白云石在950~1000℃条件下热处理1~3小时,冷却后水化20~28小时,得到MgO-CaO浆体;将所述MgO-CaO浆体用孔径为0.1mm的筛网过滤,再将过滤后的滤体在100~110℃条件下干燥20~28小时,得到水合MgO-CaO坯体;然后将所述水合MgO-CaO坯体粉磨,制得水合MgO-CaO粉体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的MgO-CaO颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于所述白云石的CaO含量≥30wt%,MgO含量≥20wt%;所述白云石的粒径为1~70mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的MgO-CaO颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的CaO含量≥52wt%,MgO含量≥32wt%;所述水合MgO-CaO粉体的粒径为1~300μm。
4.一种MgO-CaO颗粒,其特征在于所述MgO-CaO颗粒是根据权利要求1~3项中任一项所述的MgO-CaO颗粒的制备方法所制备的MgO-CaO颗粒。
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