CN109367559B

CN109367559B - Three-dimensional structure track-changing device of straddle type monorail and use method

Info

Publication number: CN109367559B
Application number: CN201811512569.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈垄钧
Original assignee: Fujian University of Technology
Current assignee: Fujian University of Technology
Priority date: 2018-12-11
Filing date: 2018-12-11
Publication date: 2024-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-11
Also published as: CN109367559A

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional structure track changing device of a straddle type monorail and a use method thereof. The three-dimensional structure track-changing device of the straddle type single track is compact in structure, beneficial to reducing design and construction cost and simple and convenient to use.

Description

Three-dimensional structure track-changing device of straddle type monorail and use method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a three-dimensional structure track changing device of a straddle type monorail and a use method thereof.

Background

With the development of rail transit technology, monorail systems began to be in the brand-new corner. At present, urban development of China faces the problem that the quantity of reserved automobiles is too large and the use area of urban road traffic is insufficient, and urban rail traffic is established as an ideal method for solving the problem. Urban rail transit can be classified into an underground rail system (subway) and a ground rail system (light rail). The underground track system has the characteristic of high transportation capacity, but has high manufacturing cost, long construction period and poor flexibility, and is not suitable for being built in a large amount in a CBD (cubic boron nitride) area. The ground track traffic with advantages of short construction period, low construction cost, small occupied area, small turning radius, energy conservation and silence can flexibly shuttle between buildings in the CBD area, and is commonly used for commuting in the CBD area. The straddle type monorail is one of the ground rail transit, and the manufacturing cost, the construction period, the construction difficulty, the safety and the occupied area are all optimal in all the ground rail transit. However, the most developed obstacle to the current limit of straddle monorail is the track-changing device. The conventional straddle type monorail joint type turnout switch has a complex structure, and the whole guide rail needs to be moved to another track for completing one switch, which takes about 10 seconds to complete. Because of the special contact structure of the straddle type monorail, the vehicle-mounted track changer applied to the straddle type monorail does not exist at present.

PRT (personal rapid transit) has gradually become one of the main directions of rail transit development after entering the 21 st century. In 2013, a set of PRT systems which are cooperated with Swedish in Korea attract the worldwide eyes, and the characteristics of 'point-to-point direct', high density and high comfort of the PRT systems have obvious advantages in future traffic development. The track forms adopted by the PRT system are mainly suspended monorail and rubber-wheel light rails or guide tracks similar to automobiles (UK His Luo Jichang PRT). Since PRT systems require high traffic density operation, a small headway (at least less than 5 seconds) is required to facilitate diversion and merging at the switch. According to the current technology, the switching time of 10 seconds of the straddle type monorail cannot meet the design requirement of the PRT system, so that no PRT system adopts the straddle type monorail as a track at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional structure track-changing device of a straddle type monorail and a use method thereof, which have compact structures and are beneficial to reducing design and construction cost.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a three-dimensional structure track-changing device of straddle type monorail, includes a pair of guide rail that sets up on bearing structure and is used for installing the on-vehicle track-changing mechanism in railcar lower part, is located to be provided with between a pair of guide rail and is parallel and discontinuous positive line track roof beam with ground, is located the downside of positive line track roof beam and is provided with the side line track roof beam, the rear end of side line track roof beam is provided with the ascending extension of slope, the extension is connected with the front end that is located the positive line track roof beam of rear side top.

Further, the vehicle-mounted track changing mechanism comprises a bogie, wherein the bogie is used for contacting the upper side face of the positive track beam or the lateral track beam, the front side and the rear side of the two side parts of the bogie are respectively provided with guide wheels which share an axle with the running wheels and are used for contacting the guide rails, the bogie is provided with an adjusting mechanism for axially shrinking the guide wheels, and the two sides of the lower part of the bogie are respectively provided with a pair of stabilizing wheels for contacting the side face of the positive track beam or the lateral track beam.

Further, the bogie is a single-axle bogie without a swing bolster, the adjusting mechanism comprises a cylindrical telescopic rod nested at the outer side end of the axle, and a hydraulic system for controlling the telescopic rod to stretch and retract is arranged in the telescopic rod.

Further, the supporting structure comprises reinforced concrete supporting columns arranged at intervals, a track bottom plate is arranged at the upper end of each reinforced concrete supporting column, a positive line track beam or a lateral line track beam is arranged on the track bottom plate, and profile steel trusses for supporting the track are respectively arranged on two sides of the track bottom plate.

Further, the guide rail is a steel rail, and the top surface height of the guide rail is the top surface height of the positive line track beam plus 150mm.

Further, the side track beam extension slope is 10%, and a damper is arranged when the side track beam extension is used as a single-row downhill.

Further, the positive line track beam and the lateral line track beam are respectively reinforced concrete rectangular track beams.

The application method of the three-dimensional structure track-changing device applied to the straddle type monorail comprises the following steps of:

1) When the railway car needs to split by a turnout, and the target is to enter a positive line:

1.1 Before entering the track-changing device, the rail car utilizes an adjusting mechanism to enable the guide wheel to be in an extending state, the lower end of the guide wheel is parallel to the upper end face of the guide rail, and the outer side of the rim of the guide wheel is parallel to the inner side of the guide rail;

1.2 The rail car enters the rail changing device, the guide wheels at the two sides are contacted with the guide rail and move forwards for a certain distance, so that the guide wheels are ensured to normally contact the guide rail;

1.3 The guide wheel and the guide rail of the railway car are the only supports, and the running wheel, the guide wheel and the stabilizing wheel of the railway car are lifted away from the side track beam extension part along with the slope of the side track beam extension part;

1.4 The rail car drives the guide wheel to run continuously to the starting point of the tail end of the positive line rail beam, and the running wheel, the guide wheel and the stabilizing wheel are contacted with the rail beam again;

1.5 The rail car is supported by the positive line rail beam, the guide rail is stopped, the guide wheel is separated from the guide rail, the rail car drives out of the rail-changing device, the state of the guide wheel is reset, and the rail car waits for entering the next group of rail-changing device;

2) When the railway car needs to be split by the turnout, the target is entering the side line:

2.1 Before entering the track-changing device, the rail car enables the guide wheel positioned on the outer wall of the car body to be in a retracted state through the adjusting mechanism, so that the outer side of the rim of the guide wheel is kept at a certain distance from the inner side of the guide rail;

2.2 The rail car enters the rail changing device, and guide wheels at two sides are not contacted with the guide rail;

2.3 The rail car is continuously supported by the extension part of the side rail beam, and along with the descent of the extension part, the running wheels, the guide wheels and the stabilizing wheels of the rail car still attach to the extension part to run;

2.4 The rail car continues to run along the slope of the extension part, and meanwhile, the power is turned off; the running wheels and the damper generate resistance to control the speed of the vehicle; after the track vehicle runs to a side track terminal point that the side track beam is not declined any more, the track vehicle drives out of the track changing device, the state of the guide wheel is reset, and the track vehicle waits to enter the next track changing device;

3) When the rail cars need to be converged through the turnout and enter through the positive line, the operation mode is the same as that of the step 1);

4) When the railcar needs to be converged through a turnout and enter through a side line, the operation mode is different from the operation mode in the step 2): the extension part of the side track of the single-row ascending slope is not provided with a damper, and the vehicle needs to be driven to complete the ascending slope.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the track-changing device can realize track change of the vehicle-mounted track-changing device of the straddle type monorail, and solves the problems that the track and the vehicle have structural problems of the straddle type monorail, which cause the conflict between the straight line of a turnout and a side line, so that the turnout (track-changing device) has long switching time, complex structure and large plane occupation area. The novel vehicle-mounted track-changing device is adopted to replace a traditional joint-type switcher, so that the original switching time of about 10 seconds can be canceled, the track-changing efficiency is improved, the track-changing efficiency of the straddle type monorail is obviously improved, the headway of the straddle type monorail railcar is shortened, and the traffic density is improved. With the ability to pass in both directions, but in general in one direction. The purpose of this limitation is to better manage transportation and to improve the quality of transportation. The reverse traffic is also possible when necessary (e.g. when an emergency is encountered, the track is closed in the other direction). The gap that the straddle type monorail cannot be designed into the vehicle-mounted track-changing device is filled, so that a PRT system needing high-density operation can also use the straddle type monorail with low manufacturing cost, fast construction and small occupied area as a track, and the method has important significance for the development of the PRT field.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention at the terminus A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the invention taken at the midpoint B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention taken at the beginning of FIG. 1, C-C;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the vehicle-mounted track-change mechanism of the track-change device of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle-mounted track-changing mechanism with a track-changing device guide wheel in a contracted state.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6

The utility model provides a three-dimensional structure track-changing device of straddle type monorail, includes a pair of guide rail 10 that sets up on bearing structure and is used for installing the on-vehicle track-changing mechanism in railcar 1 lower part, is located to be provided with between a pair of guide rail and is parallel and discontinuous positive line track roof beam 11 with ground, is located the downside of positive line track roof beam and is provided with sidetrack roof beam 12, the rear end of sidetrack roof beam is provided with slope ascending extension 13, the rear end of extension is connected with the front end of the positive line track roof beam that is located the rear side top.

In this embodiment, the extension portion is disposed at the lower side of discontinuous sections of two adjacent positive line track beams, and the front end and the rear end of the track are respectively provided with overlapping sections extending in the directions of the front positive line track beam and the rear positive line track beam, so that the track car smoothly runs onto the positive line track beam and breaks away from the guide rail after running on the positive line track beam stably.

In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted track-changing mechanism includes a single-axle bogie without swing bolster, which is connected to the lower part of the railway vehicle, and running wheels 21 of the bogie are used for contacting the upper side surfaces of the positive track beam or the lateral track beam, and the number of the running wheels is 4, which are arranged at the front and rear parts of the bogie. The front side and the rear side of the two side parts of the bogie are respectively provided with a guide wheel 22 which shares an axle with the running wheels and is used for contacting with the guide rail, so that the driving motor drives the running wheels and the guide wheels to rotate together to push the railway car to advance. The bogie is provided with an adjusting mechanism for axial contraction of the guide wheel, and two sides of the lower part of the bogie are respectively provided with a pair of stabilizing wheels 23 for contacting with the side surface of the positive track beam or the side track beam.

In the embodiment, the guide wheels are steel wheels with the radius smaller than that of the running wheels, the radius is 150mm, the width is 80mm, the rim thickness is 20mm, and the number of the steel wheels is 4. The front and rear sides of the two side parts of the bogie are respectively provided with a vertical shaft 24, and a pair of stabilizing wheels are arranged on the vertical shafts at intervals up and down.

In this embodiment, the outer fringe of guide pulley and the outer wall parallel and level of railcar when the guide pulley is packed up, the rim outside of guide pulley is apart from track beam center 1120mm when the guide pulley stretches out, and the lower limb height of guide pulley is unanimous with the upper portion height of guide rail.

In this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism includes a cylindrical telescopic rod nested at the outer end of the axle, and a hydraulic system for controlling the telescopic rod to extend and retract is arranged in the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod has a structure similar to a telescopic device for adjusting the wheel spacing in a variable gauge bogie used in a spanish Talgo high-speed train.

In this embodiment, the support structure includes reinforced concrete support columns 31 that the interval set up, is located the upper end of reinforced concrete support column and is provided with track bottom plate 32, positive line track roof beam or side line track roof beam set up on track bottom plate, the both sides of track bottom plate are provided with the shaped steel truss 33 that is used for supporting the track respectively. When more than two layers of track beams exist, more than two layers of track beams can be supported by trusses or box structures and lower structures, and the specific design is based on the principle that the structures do not conflict with driving areas.

In this embodiment, the distance from the top surface of the positive rail beam to the bottom surface of the upper rail beam support structure is equal to the maximum distance from the bottom of the wheels of the rail car to be operated to the roof plus 300mm.

In this embodiment, the guide rails are steel rails made of materials meeting the railway construction standard, the center lines of the pair of guide rails are coincident with the center lines of the track beams (the normal track beam or the side track beam), the track width is 240mm above the maximum width of the running track car, and the top surface height of the guide rails is 150mm above the top surface height of the normal track beam. The guide rails are only arranged on two sides of the positive line track beam, and are not arranged on the side line part. The guide rail is generally straight and is not provided with a slope, and in special cases a slope of not more than 2% of the slope may be provided.

In this embodiment, according to GB 50458-2008 "design specification for straddle-type monorail transit", the track gradient of the straddle-type monorail should be less than 6%. But the specifications are mainly applicable to mid-volume straddle type monorail transport systems. The invention is mainly applied to a PRT system with low traffic, and the railway car body is smaller, the car body is lighter and the gravity center is lower, so that the adjustment is made on the original standard, and the gradient of the extension part of the side track beam is 10%. In order to avoid safety problems, among the above-mentioned rails, the rail belonging to the slope exceeding 6% and being a single-row downhill is provided with a damper when the extension of the side rail beam is a single-row downhill, and the rail on the single-row uphill is not arranged.

In this embodiment, the damper is similar in construction to the hydraulic damper used for decelerating the hump car in a large marshalling yard of a railway, and similar products are selected and not described herein.

In this embodiment, the normal track beam and the lateral track beam are respectively reinforced concrete rectangular track beams with a section of 850mm×1500mm.

1.1 Before entering the track-changing device, the rail car utilizes the regulating mechanism to enable the guide wheel to be in an extending state, the lower end of the guide wheel is parallel to the upper end face of the guide rail (not contacted at the moment), and the outer side of the rim of the guide wheel is parallel to the inner side of the guide rail;

1.4 The rail car drives the guide wheel to run continuously to the starting point of the tail end of the positive line rail beam through the electric quantity provided by the vehicle-mounted capacitor, and the running wheel, the guide wheel and the stabilizing wheel are contacted with the rail beam again;

4) When the railcars need to merge through a switch and enter through a side line, the operation mode is similar to the step 2), and the difference is that: the damper is not arranged at the extension part of the side track of the single-row ascending slope, the vehicle needs to be fully driven to complete the ascending slope, and the other operation modes are the same as those of the step 2).

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the principles and spirit of the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that a three-dimensional monorail track-changing device of a straddle type and a method of designing the same can be accomplished without the need for inventive labor, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The three-dimensional structure track-changing device of the straddle type single track is characterized by comprising a pair of guide rails arranged on a supporting structure and a vehicle-mounted track-changing mechanism arranged at the lower part of a railway vehicle, wherein a positive line track beam which is parallel to the ground and discontinuous is arranged between the pair of guide rails, a lateral line track beam is arranged at the lower side of the positive line track beam, an upward-inclined extension part is arranged at the rear end of the lateral line track beam, and the extension part is connected with the front end of the positive line track beam above the rear side; the vehicle-mounted track changing mechanism comprises a bogie, wherein the bogie is used for contacting the upper side surface of a positive track beam or a lateral track beam, guide wheels which are coaxial with the running wheels and are used for contacting the guide rails are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the two side parts of the bogie, an adjusting mechanism for axially shrinking the guide wheels is arranged on the bogie, and a pair of stabilizing wheels which are used for contacting the side surface of the positive track beam or the lateral track beam are respectively arranged on the two sides of the lower part of the bogie; the outer edge of the guide wheel is flush with the outer wall of the railway car when the guide wheel is retracted; the bogie is a single-axle bogie without a swing bolster, the adjusting mechanism comprises a cylindrical telescopic rod nested at the outer side end of an axle, and a hydraulic system for controlling the telescopic rod to stretch and retract is arranged in the telescopic rod.

2. The three-dimensional structure rail-changing device of a straddle type monorail according to claim 1, wherein the supporting structure comprises reinforced concrete supporting columns arranged at intervals, a rail base plate is arranged at the upper ends of the reinforced concrete supporting columns, the positive rail beam or the lateral rail beam is arranged on the rail base plate, and profile steel trusses for supporting rails are respectively arranged at two sides of the rail base plate.

3. The three-dimensional structure rail transfer device of a straddle type monorail according to claim 1, wherein the guide rail is a steel rail, and the top surface of the guide rail is 150mm higher than the top surface of a positive rail beam.

4. A three-dimensional construction rail transfer for a straddle-type monorail of claim 1, wherein said side rail beam extension is provided with a damper as a single row downhill.

5. The three-dimensional structure rail transfer of claim 1, wherein said side rail beam extension slope is 10%, and said main rail beam and side rail beam are each reinforced concrete rectangular rail beams.

6. A method of using a three-dimensional track-change device for use with a straddle-type monorail of claim 4, comprising the steps of: